CN210347054U

CN210347054U - Self-adaptive material characteristic collision test bed

Info

Publication number: CN210347054U
Application number: CN201921692411.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张鹏程; 曹港澳; 黄新平; 王方艳
Original assignee: Qingdao Agricultural University
Current assignee: Qingdao Agricultural University
Priority date: 2019-10-11
Filing date: 2019-10-11
Publication date: 2020-04-17
Anticipated expiration: 2029-10-11

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural machinery, especially, self-adaptation material characteristic collision test platform. The multifunctional cutting knife comprises a frame, a movable support, a knife disc and a data acquisition disc, wherein the movable support, the knife disc and the data acquisition disc are all arranged on the frame, the top end of the movable support is hinged to the frame, the movable support is located above the knife disc, the data acquisition disc is located on one side of a cutting knife, and a pen is fixed at the bottom end of the movable support. The collision experiment data of various materials are obtained through the instantaneous contact force of material collision by adopting a collision topping mode, so that the correlation between the collision characteristic of the materials and the damage degree is obtained, a scientific theoretical basis is provided for the design of equipment for agricultural material harvesting, grading packaging, transportation and the like, and the mechanical damage of agricultural material production is reduced.

Description

Self-adaptive material characteristic collision test bed

Technical Field

The utility model relates to agricultural machinery, especially, self-adaptation material characteristic collision test platform.

Background

The material characteristic collision test is widely applied to national production and life, and aims to facilitate the research and development of subsequent instruments. At present, no mature and generally applicable method exists for the material collision characteristic test, and various problems in the aspect exist in a plurality of machines. The development of the equipment depends on a large amount of data, and no substantial field experiment can be carried out during the development to provide parameter data, so that the corresponding data is determined by experiment to assist the design and manufacture of the equipment. However, the conventional experiment table is relatively large and is not changed in operation, so that a material characteristic speed measuring device which is light and simple and convenient to operate and has accurate data is urgently needed for data measurement.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses an above-mentioned problem that exists among the solution prior art provides a self-adaptation material characteristic collision test platform, and it adopts the mode that the collision was cut the top, obtains the collision experimental data of various materials through the material collision contact force in the twinkling of an eye to obtain the correlation of material collision characteristic and damage degree, provide scientific theory foundation for the design of equipment such as agricultural material is gathered, hierarchical packing and transportation, reduce the mechanical damage of agricultural material production.

The technical scheme of the utility model is that: a self-adaptive material characteristic collision test bed comprises a rack, and further comprises a movable support, a cutter disc and a data acquisition disc, wherein the movable support, the cutter disc and the data acquisition disc are all arranged on the rack, the top end of the movable support is hinged with the rack, the movable support is positioned above the cutter disc, the data acquisition disc is positioned on one side of a cutter, and a pen is fixed at the bottom end of the movable support;

the movable support comprises a fixed plate, a connecting frame, a square pipe and a supporting plate, the fixed plate is fixed on the rack, the upper part of the fixed plate is connected with the upper part of the square pipe through an I-shaped part, two sides of the lower part of the fixed plate are respectively connected with the middle part of the square pipe through the connecting frame, one end of the connecting frame is hinged with the fixed plate, the other end of the connecting frame is hinged with the square pipe, the supporting plate comprises an oblique supporting plate and a horizontal supporting plate, the horizontal supporting plate is positioned at the front end of the oblique supporting plate and fixedly connected with the bottom end of the oblique supporting plate, the bottom of the square pipe is fixedly connected with the oblique supporting plate, a branch pipe is;

the cutter comprises a cutter center shaft, a cutter I and a cutter II, wherein the cutter center shaft is horizontally arranged, the cutter I and the cutter II are fixed on the center shaft, a spring is arranged between the cutter I and the cutter II, the spring is wound on the blade center shaft, the spring is in a compressed state, and limiting screws are arranged on the outer sides of the cutter I and the cutter II and fixed on the cutter center shaft;

the mounting groove includes square opening and triangle-shaped opening, square opening and triangle-shaped opening intercommunication, and square opening is close to the circumference edge of blade disc I and blade disc II.

In the utility model, a blade is arranged in front of the horizontal support plate, the blade is fixed on the support plate and is arranged in an inclined manner, one side of the horizontal support plate, which faces the blade, is arranged in an inclined manner, the inclination angle of the horizontal support plate is the same as that of the blade, and a gap is arranged between the blade and the horizontal support plate; the edge of blade disc I and blade disc II is equipped with at least one mounting groove, and the mounting groove internal fixation has claw pincers manipulator formula clamping device.

The bottom of the movable support is fixed with a three-jaw automatic centering chuck which is obliquely arranged; be equipped with broken sword between blade disc I and the blade disc II, broken sword passes through the fixing base to be fixed on the installation axle, and the installation axle is fixed between blade disc I and blade disc II.

The three-jaw automatic centering chuck comprises a chuck body, movable jaws and a jaw driving mechanism, wherein threads are arranged below three jaw guide parts of the three-jaw chuck and are meshed with plane threads on the back surface of a disc-shaped bevel gear, when a wrench is used for rotating a bevel pinion through a square hole, the disc-shaped gear rotates, and the plane threads on the back surface simultaneously drive the three jaws to be close to the center or withdraw from the center so as to clamp crops with different diameters.

The center of the data acquisition disc is connected with an output shaft of the driving motor I, the driving motor I is arranged on the rack, a central shaft of the cutter disc is connected with an output shaft of the driving motor II, and a sensor for detecting the rotating speed of the cutter disc is arranged on a connecting shaft of the cutter disc and the driving motor II.

The utility model has the advantages that:

the collision and top cutting mode is adopted, collision experiment data of various materials including tuber crops, stem crops and seedling crops are obtained through the contact force at the moment of material collision, so that the correlation between the collision characteristics of the materials and the damage degree is obtained, scientific theoretical basis is provided for the design of equipment for harvesting, grading packaging, transporting and the like of agricultural materials, and the mechanical damage of agricultural material production is reduced; the device is small in size, simple in structure and convenient to operate.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a left side view schematic structure of the present invention in embodiment 1;

fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention in embodiment 1;

FIG. 3 is a front view of the cutter;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the cutter;

FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the cutter head;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the cutter head;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of the claw grip robot gripping apparatus;

fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention in embodiment 2;

FIG. 9 is a schematic top view of a cutter head in the embodiment 2;

FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a blade in example 2;

fig. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the three-jaw self-centering chuck in embodiment 2.

In the figure: 1, a frame; 2, a movable bracket; 201 fixing the plate; 202 connecting frames; 203 oblique supporting plate; 205 a horizontal support plate; 206 a square tube; 207 an I-shaped piece; 208, a pin shaft I; 209 pin shaft II; 3, a cutter head; 301 a spring; 302 a limit screw; 303, mounting a groove; 305 a central axis; 306, a cutter head I; 307, a cutter head II; 308, a crushing knife; 309 installing shafts; 310 a fixed seat; 4, a data acquisition disk; 5, cutting blades; 6, driving a motor I; 7, a sensor; 8, driving a motor II; 9 claw tong manipulator type clamping devices; 10 three-jaw self-centering chuck.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, self-adaptation material characteristic collision test platform include frame 1, movable support 2, blade 5, blade disc 3 and data acquisition dish 4, movable support 2, blade disc 3 and data acquisition dish 4 all set up in frame 1. The movable support 2 is positioned above the cutter head 3, and the data acquisition disk 4 is positioned at one side of the movable support 2. The center of the data acquisition disk 4 is connected with an output shaft of a driving motor I6, and the driving motor I6 is arranged on the rack 1. The center of the cutter head 3 is connected with an output shaft of the driving motor II 8, a sensor 7 is arranged on a connecting shaft of the cutter head 3 and the driving motor II 8, and the sensor 7 is used for detecting the rotating speed of the cutter head 3. The blade 5 is fixed at the bottom of the movable support 2, and the blade 5 is positioned above the cutter head 3.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the movable support comprises a fixing plate 201, a connecting frame 202, a square tube 206 and a supporting plate, the fixing plate 201 is fixed on the frame 1, the upper part of the fixing plate 201 is connected with the upper part of the square tube 206 through an i-shaped member 207, two sides of the lower part of the fixing plate 201 are respectively connected with the middle part of the square tube 206 through the connecting frame 202, one end of the connecting frame 202 is hinged with the fixing plate 201 through a pin shaft i 208, and the other end of the connecting frame 202 is hinged with the square tube 206 through a pin shaft ii. The supporting plate comprises an inclined supporting plate 203 and a horizontal supporting plate 205, the horizontal supporting plate 205 is positioned at the front end of the inclined supporting plate 203, and the horizontal supporting plate 205 is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the inclined supporting plate 203. The bottom of the square pipe 206 is fixedly connected with the oblique supporting plate 203, a branch pipe is arranged on the square pipe 206, and the bottom of the branch pipe is fixedly connected with the horizontal supporting plate 205. The blade 5 is arranged in front of the horizontal support plate 205, the blade 5 is fixed on the support plate, the blade 5 is arranged in an inclined mode, one side, facing the blade, of the horizontal support plate 205 is also arranged in an inclined mode, the inclined angle is the same as the inclined angle of the blade, a certain gap is formed between the blade 5 and the horizontal support plate 205, when the head of the beet moves to a position between the blade 5 and the horizontal support plate 205, the top of the beet is cut by a cutting edge on the blade 5, and the top of the beet can directly fall onto the horizontal support plate 205 after being cut. The top end of the oblique supporting plate 203 is provided with a pen, the pen is driven to move in the moving process of the oblique supporting plate 203, and the pen directly expresses the moving track of the oblique supporting plate 203 on the data acquisition disk 4.

Among the above-mentioned cutter structure, when the beet contacted the cutter, can collide with the cutter, at collision in-process, the movable support received ascending power, under the rotation connection effect of round pin axle I208 and round pin axle II 209 for movable support and cutter upward movement, the beet continues to rotate the in-process, and the top of beet gets into between blade and the horizontal support board, and the blade is amputated the top of beet. Along with the difference of the size and the shape of the beets, the bigger the beets are, the larger the upward movement distance of the movable support and the blades are, on the contrary, the smaller the beets are, the smaller the upward movement distance of the movable support and the blades are, and the uniform top cutting of the beets is realized, so that the top cutting mode can be suitable for the beets with any size and shape, and the data acquisition is more accurate. After the collision top cutting, the movable support moves downwards due to gravity, but the I-shaped part 207 can generate an upward pulling force on the movable support at the moment, and finally the movable support is balanced under the combined action of the pulling force and the gravity to perform the next top cutting action, so that the cutter does not completely rely on the gravity to contact with the top of the beet when the cutter collides with the top cutting, the flutter rate is reduced, and the accuracy of experimental data is improved.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, blade disc 3 includes blade disc center pin 305, blade disc I306 and blade disc II 307, blade disc center pin 305 is the level setting, blade disc center pin 305 and II 8 output shaft fixed connection of driving motor, be equipped with spring 301 between I306 of blade disc and the II 307 of blade disc, spring 301 twines on blade center pin 305, spring 301 is compression state, the outside of I306 of blade disc and II 307 of blade disc all is equipped with stop screw 302, stop screw 302 all fixes on blade disc center pin 305. Through stop screw 302 and spring 301, fix I306 and II 307 of blade disc on blade disc center pin 305, drive I306 of blade disc and II 307 of blade disc rotate when center pin 305 rotates. The cutter head I306 and the cutter head II 307 are provided with at least one mounting groove 303, and the claw tong mechanical hand type clamping device 9 is fixed in the mounting groove 303. Mounting groove 303 includes square opening and triangle-shaped opening, square opening and triangle-shaped opening intercommunication, and square opening is close to the circumference edge of blade disc I and blade disc II through setting up spring 301, has played the cushioning effect.

The claw grip manipulator type gripping device 9 comprises a hand, a motion mechanism and a control system. The hand is a member for gripping a workpiece (or a tool), and has various structures such as a grip type, a holding type, and an adsorption type according to the shape, size, weight, material, and working requirements of an object to be gripped. The motion mechanism enables the hand to complete various rotation (swing), movement or compound motions to realize specified actions and change the position and the posture of a gripped object. When the tuber clamping device works, due to the interaction of all bone joints, tuber crops can be tightly clamped when the tuber clamping device works, and tubers are firm and do not fall off when a collision test is carried out.

The utility model discloses a working process as follows: start driving motor I6 and driving motor II 8 respectively, make data acquisition dish 4 and blade disc 3 rotate, blade disc 3 rotates the in-process, drives and fixes the beet rotation on blade disc 3, when the beet rotates to cutter department, collides with the cutter, and the cutter upwards moves under the collision effect of beet, when the beet moves between blade 5 and horizontal support plate 205, the top of beet is cut off to the cutting edge of blade 5, has realized the collision top-cutting at beet top. The top cutting mode can be used for cutting beet with any size and shape, so that the acquired experimental data is more accurate. In the beet topping process, the horizontal supporting plate 203 collects the motion trail of the beet in the collision topping process, the motion trail is expressed on the data collecting disc 4 on one side of the horizontal supporting plate, and the collected data is convenient for the research and development of subsequent instruments.

The cutter is fixed, and the beet rotates along with the cutter disc and simultaneously collides with the cutter to cut the top, so that the top cutting mode can be suitable for the beet with any size and shape, and the accuracy of beet collision top cutting test data acquisition is improved; the cutter does not completely depend on gravity to contact with the top of the beet, so that the flutter rate is greatly reduced, and the accuracy of experimental data is improved.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 8 to 11, the difference from embodiment 1 is: in this embodiment, the bottom of the movable support 2 is fixed with a three-jaw self-centering chuck 10, and the self-centering chuck 10 is disposed in an inclined manner. The three-jaw self-centering chuck 10 clamps and positions crops by radial movement of three movable jaws uniformly distributed on a chuck body. The three-jaw self-centering chuck 10 comprises a chuck body, movable jaws and a jaw driving mechanism, wherein threads are arranged below three jaw guide parts of the three-jaw chuck and are meshed with plane threads on the back surface of a disc-shaped bevel gear, when a wrench is used for rotating a bevel pinion through a square hole, the disc-shaped gear rotates, and the plane threads on the back surface simultaneously drive the three jaws to be close to or withdraw from the center so as to clamp crops with different diameters. Three claws are changed into three reverse claws, so that crops with larger diameters can be installed. The self-centering accuracy of the three-jaw chuck is 0.05-0.15 mm. The three-jaw chuck is simple, convenient and accurate in centering, wide in universality and convenient and reliable in clamping. The center can be quickly found, and the time is saved; meanwhile, the torsion spring is arranged in the chuck, so that the clamping device can clamp the stems or the seedling vines when in work, can ensure moderate and stable clamping force, and does not damage the clamped stems or the seedling vines.

At this moment, no clamping device is arranged in the mounting grooves 303 of the cutter head I306 and the cutter head II 307, and a crushing cutter 308 is arranged between the cutter head I306 and the cutter head II 307: crushing sword 308 passes through fixing base 310 to be fixed on installation axle 309, and installation axle 309 is fixed between I306 of blade disc and II 307 of blade disc, and the both ends of installation axle 309 are promptly with I306 of blade disc and II 307 fixed connection of blade disc respectively. In the rotation process of the cutter head, the rotary knife 308 is driven to rotate, and the rotary knife cuts off the stem or the seedling vine clamped by the three-jaw self-centering chuck 10.

When the experiment table works, the driving motor I6 and the driving motor II 8 are respectively started to enable the data acquisition disc 4 and the cutter disc 3 to rotate, the crushing cutter 308 fixed on the cutter disc 3 is driven to rotate in the rotating process of the cutter disc 3, when the crushing cutter 308 rotates to a stem or seedling vine, the crushing cutter collides with the stem or seedling vine, the stem or seedling vine moves upwards under the collision action of the crushing cutter 308, and meanwhile, the crushing cutter 308 cuts off the stem or seedling vine. In the beet topping process, the pen fixed at the bottom of the movable support 2 can acquire the motion trail of the beet in the collision topping process and express the motion trail on the data acquisition disk 4 on one side of the pen, and the acquired data is convenient for the research and development of subsequent instruments.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a self-adaptation material characteristic collision test platform, includes the frame, its characterized in that: the cutting device is characterized by further comprising a movable support, a cutter disc and a data acquisition disc, wherein the movable support, the cutter disc and the data acquisition disc are all arranged on the rack, the top end of the movable support is hinged with the rack, the movable support is located above the cutter disc, the data acquisition disc is located on one side of the cutter, and a pen is fixed at the bottom end of the movable support;

2. The adaptive material property crash test stand of claim 1, wherein: a blade is arranged in front of the horizontal supporting plate, the blade is fixed on the supporting plate and is arranged in an inclined manner, one side of the horizontal supporting plate, which faces the blade, is arranged in an inclined manner, the inclined angle of the horizontal supporting plate is the same as that of the blade, and a gap is formed between the blade and the horizontal supporting plate; the edge of cutterhead I306 and cutterhead II 307 is provided with at least one mounting groove 303, and a claw tong mechanical hand type clamping device is fixed in the mounting groove 303.

3. The adaptive material property crash test stand of claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the movable support is fixed with a three-jaw automatic centering chuck which is obliquely arranged; be equipped with broken sword between blade disc I and the blade disc II, broken sword passes through the fixing base to be fixed on the installation axle, and the installation axle is fixed between blade disc I and blade disc II.

4. The adaptive material property crash test stand of claim 3, wherein: the three-jaw automatic centering chuck comprises a chuck body, movable jaws and a jaw driving mechanism, wherein threads are arranged below three jaw guide parts of the three-jaw chuck and are meshed with plane threads on the back surface of a disc-shaped bevel gear, when a wrench is used for rotating a bevel pinion through a square hole, the disc-shaped gear rotates, and the plane threads on the back surface simultaneously drive the three jaws to be close to the center or withdraw from the center so as to clamp crops with different diameters.

5. The adaptive material property crash test stand of claim 1, wherein: the center of the data acquisition disc is connected with an output shaft of the driving motor I, the driving motor I is arranged on the rack, a central shaft of the cutter disc is connected with an output shaft of the driving motor II, and a sensor for detecting the rotating speed of the cutter disc is arranged on a connecting shaft of the cutter disc and the driving motor II.