CN210324786U - Friction dynamic measurement analysis demonstration instrument - Google Patents
Friction dynamic measurement analysis demonstration instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN210324786U CN210324786U CN201921208051.8U CN201921208051U CN210324786U CN 210324786 U CN210324786 U CN 210324786U CN 201921208051 U CN201921208051 U CN 201921208051U CN 210324786 U CN210324786 U CN 210324786U
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Abstract
In order to demonstrate the experiment of frictional force fast and directly perceivedly, the utility model provides a frictional force dynamic measurement analysis demonstrates appearance relates to a middle school physics teaching and laboratory glassware. The demonstration instrument mainly comprises a dynamometer, a fixed pulley, a trolley, a support, a light string, a bottom plate rail, a motor, a power adapter, a material block and the like, wherein a left support and a right support are vertically fixed on the bottom plate rail, the left support and the right support are fixedly connected through a cross rod, the inside and the back of the left support are hollow, the power adapter with a speed regulation switch is fixed on the left support, the motor is fixed in the inside of the left support, all wiring is arranged on the back of the left support, and a wiring plug can be directly inserted into a 220V power supply. The experimental effect of this demonstration appearance demonstration frictional force is obvious, and the error is little, is favorable to the student to the understanding of frictional force.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a middle school physics teaching and laboratory glassware especially relates to a frictional force dynamic measurement analysis demonstration appearance.
Background
In the physical teaching at the present stage, "friction" is a very important lesson in mechanics. In the actual teaching process, most of the research experiments of the friction force are that the spring dynamometer is manually pulled and the object moves, the property of the friction force is judged according to the movement condition of the object, and the size of the friction force is read from the spring dynamometer, so that the experimental conclusion is obtained. The experiment is good in conception, principle, method and participation of students, but in the experiment, the hand of a person is difficult to keep stable force direction and force magnitude, the speed change of object motion is large, the object cannot keep approximate uniform linear motion, whether the relative position between the object block and the trolley changes is judged through visual observation, whether the relative motion or the relative motion trend exists between the object block and the trolley is judged, and therefore the nature and the magnitude of friction force are judged, the change of experimental data is large during multiple times of measurement, and the reliability is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to demonstrate the experiment of frictional force fast and directly perceivedly, overcome more than not enough, make the intuition nature and the credibility reinforcing of experiment, the utility model provides a frictional force dynamic measurement analysis demonstrates appearance relates to a middle school physics teaching and laboratory glassware. The demonstration instrument mainly comprises a dynamometer, a fixed pulley, a trolley, a light string, a bottom plate rail, a motor, a power adapter, a block and the like. This demonstration appearance low cost, convenient to carry, easy operation, the effect of demonstration measurement frictional force is obvious, and the error is little, is favorable to the student to the understanding of frictional force, more is favorable to developing of experiment and teaching. The technical problem solved by the utility model is that the scheme mainly has the following points.
1. The whole demonstration instrument mainly comprises a dynamometer, a right support, a second light string, a fixed pulley, a level meter, a leveling bolt, a trolley, a first light string, a bottom plate rail, a motor rotating shaft, a motor, a left support, a power adapter, a speed regulation switch, a cross bar, a block and a plug. Wherein, a leveling bolt is arranged on the bottom plate track, the left bracket and the right bracket are vertically fixed on the bottom plate track, the left bracket and the right bracket are fixedly connected by a cross bar, which not only can increase the stability, but also can carve a nameplate on the cross bar, a round hole is arranged in the front of the left bracket, the inside and the back of the left bracket are hollow, a power adapter with a speed regulation switch is fixed on the left bracket, a motor is fixed in the left bracket, all wiring is arranged on the back of the left bracket, a wiring plug can be directly inserted into a 220V power supply, only a motor rotating shaft penetrates out of the round hole in the front of the left bracket, the aperture of the round hole is slightly larger than the shaft diameter of the motor rotating shaft, therefore, the motor rotating shaft can rotate freely, the trolley is connected with the motor rotating shaft through a first inextensible light string, one end of the first light string is fixed on the motor rotating shaft, and the other end of the first light string is fixed at the center of the left side face of the trolley.
2. The spirit level fix on the preceding bottom plate track of right branch frame, the dynamometer is fixed on the inclined to the right in upper portion of right branch frame, the fixed pulley is fixed on the inclined to the left side in lower part of right branch frame, the inside and the higher authority of thing piece all are the chisel vacuole, can add and subtract the weight toward the thing piece higher authority, be connected with inextensible second light string between thing piece and the dynamometer, second light string one end is fixed on the couple of dynamometer, the other end passes the fixed pulley earlier, then fix in thing piece right flank center department, the string of vertical direction and the string mutually perpendicular of horizontal direction.
3. The demonstrator has the advantages that length scales with the same division value are arranged in front of a trolley, in front of an object block and in front of a bottom plate track, the scale in front of the object block is 0-20cm, a zero scale line is arranged on the leftmost side in front of the object block, the scale in front of the trolley is 0-40cm, the zero scale line is arranged on the leftmost side in front of the trolley, the zero scale line in front of the bottom plate track is arranged on the center line of the bottom plate track, the scales are symmetrically marked as 0-55cm towards two sides, whether relative movement or relative movement trend exists between the object block and the trolley can be judged by observing whether the relative positions of the scale lines of the object block, the trolley and the bottom plate track change or not, so that the dynamic change property of the friction force is judged, the friction force is measured according to.
4. Before the experiment, zero scales of the object block, the trolley and the bottom plate track are aligned, and the spring dynamometer is zeroed.
5. The base of the whole fixed demonstration instrument is wide, so that the demonstration instrument can be kept stable in the experimental process.
The utility model has the advantages of low cost, convenient carrying, simple operation, obvious effect of demonstrating the friction force and small error; in an experiment, a motor can well keep stable force application direction and force application magnitude, the speed change of object motion is small, approximate uniform linear motion can be kept, whether the relative position between a trolley and a bottom plate track and the relative position between the trolley and the trolley can be accurately judged by observing whether the relative positions of scale marks of an object block, the trolley and the bottom plate track are changed, so that whether the relative motion or the relative motion trend exists between the object block and the trolley is judged, the property and the magnitude of friction force are determined, the change of experimental data is small during multiple measurements, and the reliability is high; the principle and the experimental process of the whole experiment are not greatly different from those of the experiment on the teaching material, and the experiment is simple and easy to operate.
Drawings
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is the schematic structural diagram of the present invention, fig. 2 is a first demonstration diagram of the present invention, fig. 3 is a second demonstration diagram of the present invention, and fig. 4 is a third demonstration diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The utility model provides a frictional force dynamic measurement analysis demonstrates appearance can demonstrate the dynamic change of frictional force size when the object has relative motion trend and relative motion relatively swiftly, directly perceivedly to reachs the experimental result rapidly.
The structure schematic diagram of the utility model is shown in figure 1, and the demonstration instrument mainly comprises a dynamometer (1), a right support (2), a second light string (3), a fixed pulley (4), a level meter (5), a leveling bolt (6), a trolley (7), a first light string (8), a bottom plate track (9), a motor rotating shaft (10), a motor (11), a left support (12), a power adapter (13), a speed regulating switch (14), a cross rod (15), an object block (16) and a plug (17). Wherein, a leveling bolt (6) is arranged on the bottom plate track (9), the left bracket (12) and the right bracket (2) are vertically fixed on the bottom plate track (9), the left bracket (12) and the right bracket (2) are fixedly connected by a cross bar (15), which not only can increase the stability, but also can carve a nameplate on the cross bar (15), a round hole is arranged in the front of the left bracket (12), the inside and the back of the left bracket (12) are hollow, a power adapter (13) with a speed regulating switch (14) is fixed on the left bracket (12), a motor (11) is fixed in the left bracket (12), all wiring is arranged on the back of the left bracket (12), a wiring plug (17) can be directly inserted into a 220V power supply, only the motor rotating shaft (10) penetrates out of the round hole in the front of the left bracket (12), the aperture of the round hole is slightly larger than the shaft diameter of the motor rotating shaft (10), therefore, the motor rotating shaft (10) can rotate freely, the trolley (7) is connected with the motor rotating shaft (10) through the inextensible first light string (8), one end of the first light string (8) is fixed on the motor rotating shaft (10), and the other end of the first light string is fixed at the center of the left side face of the trolley (7).
Spirit level (5) fix on bottom plate track (9) in front of right branch frame (2), dynamometer (1) are fixed on the right side of the upper portion of right branch frame (2), fixed pulley (4) are fixed on the left side of the lower part of right branch frame (2), the inside and the higher authority of thing piece (16) are all chisel out, can add and subtract the weight toward thing piece (16) higher authority, be connected with inextensible second light string (3) between thing piece (16) and dynamometer (1), second light string (3) one end is fixed on the couple of dynamometer (1), the other end passes fixed pulley (4) earlier, then fix in thing piece (16) right flank center department, the string of vertical direction and the string of horizontal direction are perpendicular to each other.
The demonstrator has the advantages that length scales with the same division value are arranged in front of a trolley (7), in front of an object block (16) and in front of a bottom plate rail (9), the scale in front of the object block (16) is 0-20cm, a zero scale line is arranged on the leftmost side in front of the object block (16), the scale in front of the trolley (7) is 0-40cm, the zero scale line is arranged on the leftmost side in front of the trolley (7), the zero scale line in front of the bottom plate rail (9) is arranged on the center line of the bottom plate rail (9), the scales are symmetrically marked as 0-55cm towards two sides, whether relative movement or relative movement trend exists between the object block (16) and the trolley (7) can be judged by observing whether the relative positions of the scale lines of the object block (16), the trolley (7) and the bottom plate rail (9) are changed, the dynamic change property of the friction force is judged, and the friction force is measured according to the indication number, and analyzing the reason for influencing the friction force.
During the experiment, firstly, the demonstration instrument is placed on an experiment table, the leveling bolt (6) on the bottom plate rail (9) is adjusted according to the position of the bubble in the level meter (5), the bottom plate rail (9) is made to be horizontal, the zero scale lines of the object block (16), the trolley (7) and the bottom plate rail (9) are aligned, and the dynamometer (1) is zeroed.
The plug (17) is plugged into a power supply, when the motor (11) runs, the motor rotating shaft (10) drives the trolley (7) to do linear motion at an approximately constant speed leftwards through the first light string (8), the relative positions of the scale marks of the trolley (7) and the bottom plate track (9) are changed at the beginning, but the relative positions of the scale marks of the object block (16) and the trolley (7) are not changed, the object block (16) and the trolley (7) move simultaneously, but have a relative motion trend and static friction force between the object block (16) and the trolley (7), when the object block (16) and the trolley (7) move leftwards, the spring is extended, the elastic force is increased, because the relative positions of the scale marks of the object block (16) and the trolley (7) are not changed, the object block (16) and the trolley (7) are still relatively static, the static friction force between the object block (16) and the trolley (7) is increased, and when the static friction force is increased to, the following trolley (7) continues to move under the driving of the motor rotating shaft (10), the relative positions of the scale marks of the object block (16) and the trolley (7) are changed, the relative displacement between the object block (16) and the trolley (7) is shown, the friction force between the object block and the trolley (7) is changed into sliding friction force, a spring of the dynamometer (1) rebounds, after the stability, the object block (16) is static relative to the bottom plate rail (9), and the reading of the dynamometer (1) after the stability is the sliding friction force. The speed regulation switch (14) can also measure the static friction force, the maximum static friction force and the sliding friction force between the object block (16) and the trolley (7) when the trolley (7) is at different moving speeds for multiple times.
As shown in fig. 2, it is a diagram for demonstrating the present invention. Weights with different weights are respectively added on the object block (16), other conditions are unchanged, the above experimental steps are repeated, the relative position change of the scale marks of the object block (16) and the trolley (7) is observed, so that the property of the friction force is judged, the static friction force, the maximum static friction force and the sliding friction force between the object block (16) and the trolley (7) under different positive pressure conditions are measured, and the relationship between the friction force and the positive pressure can be analyzed.
As shown in fig. 3, it is a second demonstration diagram of the present invention. Changing the contact material between the object block (16) and the trolley (leaving a zero scribed line without shielding), namely changing the roughness of the contact surface, keeping other conditions unchanged, repeating the experimental steps of the [0016] and [0017] sections, observing the relative position change of the scale marks of the object block (16) and the trolley (7), thereby judging the property of the friction force, measuring the static friction force, the maximum static friction force and the sliding friction force between the object block (16) and the trolley (7) under the condition that the roughness of the contact surface is different, and analyzing the relationship between the friction force and the roughness of the contact surface.
As shown in fig. 4, the present invention is a three-diagram demonstration. Weights with different weights are respectively added on the object block (16), contact materials between the object block (16) and the trolley (7) are changed at the same time (a zero scribed line is left to be not shielded), other conditions are not changed, the experimental steps of the sections [0016] and [0017] are repeated, whether the relative positions of the scale marks of the object block (16) and the trolley (7) are changed or not is observed, so that the friction property is judged, the static friction force, the maximum static friction force and the sliding friction force between the object block (16) and the trolley (7) under the condition that the positive pressure and the contact surface are changed at the same time are measured, and the relationship between the friction force and the positive pressure as well as the roughness of the contact surface can be analyzed.
Claims (3)
1. A friction dynamic measurement analysis demonstrator mainly comprises a dynamometer, a right bracket, a second light string, a fixed pulley, a level meter, a leveling bolt, a trolley, a first light string, a bottom plate rail, a motor rotating shaft, a motor, a left bracket, a power adapter, a speed regulation switch, a cross bar, a material block and a plug, and is characterized in that the leveling bolt is arranged on the bottom plate rail, the left bracket and the right bracket are vertically fixed on the bottom plate rail, the left bracket and the right bracket are fixedly connected by the cross bar, the front of the left bracket is provided with a round hole, the inside and the back of the left bracket are hollow, the power adapter with the speed regulation switch is fixed on the left bracket, the motor is fixed inside the left bracket, all wires are arranged on the back of the left bracket, the wiring plug can be directly inserted into a 220V power supply, and only the motor rotating shaft penetrates out of the round hole in the front of the left bracket, the aperture of the round hole is larger than the shaft diameter of the motor rotating shaft, the motor rotating shaft can rotate freely, the trolley is connected with the motor rotating shaft through a first light string which cannot stretch, one end of the first light string is fixed on the motor rotating shaft, and the other end of the first light string is fixed at the center of the left side face of the trolley.
2. The friction force dynamic measurement analysis demonstration instrument according to claim 1, wherein the level is fixed on a bottom plate rail in front of a right support, the dynamometer is fixed on the right side of the upper part of the right support, the fixed pulley is fixed on the left side of the lower part of the right support, the inside and the top of the object block are hollowed, weights can be added and subtracted on the object block, the object block and the dynamometer are connected through a non-extensible second light string, one end of the second light string is fixed on a hook of the dynamometer, the other end of the second light string penetrates through the fixed pulley and then is fixed at the center of the right side face of the object block, and the vertical string and the horizontal string are perpendicular to each other.
3. The friction force dynamic measurement analysis demonstration instrument according to claim 1, wherein the front face of the cart, the front face of the block and the front face of the base plate rail of the demonstration instrument are provided with length scales having the same division value, the scale in the front face of the block is 0-20cm, the zero scale line is positioned at the leftmost side in the front face of the block, the scale in the front face of the cart is 0-40cm, the zero scale line is positioned at the leftmost side in the front face of the cart, the zero scale line in the front face of the base plate rail is positioned at the center line of the base plate rail, and the scales are symmetrically marked with 0-55cm towards both.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921208051.8U CN210324786U (en) | 2019-07-30 | 2019-07-30 | Friction dynamic measurement analysis demonstration instrument |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921208051.8U CN210324786U (en) | 2019-07-30 | 2019-07-30 | Friction dynamic measurement analysis demonstration instrument |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN210324786U true CN210324786U (en) | 2020-04-14 |
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| CN201921208051.8U Active CN210324786U (en) | 2019-07-30 | 2019-07-30 | Friction dynamic measurement analysis demonstration instrument |
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| CN (1) | CN210324786U (en) |
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- 2019-07-30 CN CN201921208051.8U patent/CN210324786U/en active Active
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