CN210323700U

CN210323700U - Optical device and imaging apparatus

Info

Publication number: CN210323700U
Application number: CN201921289030.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 叶茂; 陈晓西; 李光勇; 张亚磊
Original assignee: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
Current assignee: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
Priority date: 2019-08-09
Filing date: 2019-08-09
Publication date: 2020-04-14
Anticipated expiration: 2029-08-09

Abstract

The utility model relates to an optical device technical field, the unstable problem that leads to the unable accurate focus regulation of liquid crystal lens of impedance value of impedance membrane in the lens technique of can zooming of current low pressure drive is solved, an optical device and image device are provided. The lens comprises a first electrode layer, a first alignment layer, a liquid crystal layer, a second alignment layer and a second electrode layer which are sequentially arranged along the light passing direction, wherein the first electrode layer comprises a first electrode, a second electrode and a first impedance film arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the first electrode and the second electrode are respectively connected to the two opposite ends of the first impedance film; the second electrode layer has the same structure as the first electrode layer. The shape of the light through hole formed in the light through direction of each electrode is a parallelogram. The utility model discloses the unstable problem that leads to unable accurate focus regulation of impedance value of not only having solved current liquid crystal lens impedance membrane has still realized new functions such as lens center removal, column mirror and prism.

Description

Optical device and imaging apparatus

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of optical device, specifically an optical device and image device.

Background

The liquid crystal lens is an optical lens that changes the focal length by changing the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules by controlling a driving voltage. The liquid crystal molecules have dielectric anisotropy and birefringence effects, in an external electric field, the director orientation of the liquid crystal molecules changes along with the change of the electric field, the effective refractive index in the corresponding direction also changes along with the change of the electric field, and the liquid crystal lens utilizes the characteristic to realize the functions of convergence, divergence and the like of the traditional glass lens. Compared with the traditional lens, the liquid crystal lens has the advantages of small volume, adjustable focal length and the like. At present, the clear aperture of a common liquid crystal lens is relatively small, which limits the application of the liquid crystal lens in the imaging field.

In order to obtain a liquid crystal lens with a large aperture and a good imaging effect, a great deal of work is done by related researchers. The concept of liquid crystal lenses was first proposed by japanese scientist s s.sato in the last 70 th century and the first electrically controlled liquid crystal lens was prepared in 1979, and then the circular hole electrode structure was improved and proposed. Naumov, a.f. et al, 1998 proposed a mode-controlled liquid crystal lens (MLCL) structure, which is similar to the circular hole type liquid crystal lens structure, except that a high-impedance film layer is added on the circular hole ITO electrode to adjust the electric field distribution, thereby obtaining a liquid crystal lens with a larger aperture and better optical quality. The focal length of the lens can be adjusted by adjusting the amplitude or frequency of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal lens. Ye (JJAP 41(2002) L571) in 2002 proposes a liquid crystal lens with a larger aperture by separating a porous electrode from a liquid crystal layer with a dielectric. However, this structure causes a problem of an increase in driving voltage. To reduce the driving voltage, Ye (JJAP49(2010)100204) and the like propose providing a high-resistance film between the hole-shaped electrode and the liquid crystal layer to adjust the spatial distribution of the electric field, thereby successfully realizing a low-voltage driven liquid crystal lens. However, the instability problem of the high-impedance film layer is still unsolved and mainly appears as follows: at present, the main high-impedance film layer materials are metal oxides and conductive organic polymers, and the electrical properties of the film layers change along with the change of later-stage process conditions or environments, so that the imaging effect of the liquid crystal lens is influenced; secondly, the electrical properties of the high-resistance film layer change with time and environmental conditions, which deteriorates the stability of the liquid crystal lens.

In order to solve the problem of unstable high-impedance film layer in the liquid crystal zoom lens structure, the utility model patent (publication number: CN109031811A) discloses a liquid crystal optical device with variable focal length and phase retardation, as shown in fig. 1, the technical solution deposits the high-impedance film layer in the open pore area of the third planar electrode, so that the whole high-impedance film layer is wrapped by the insulating layer, the first orientation layer and the third planar electrode, and further prevents the oxidation state from changing, thereby improving the chemical stability of the high-impedance film layer. Meanwhile, when the device works, the first voltage V1 is applied between the third plane electrode and the second plane electrode, and the second voltage V2 is applied between the first plane electrode and the second plane electrode, because the high-impedance film layer has stable electric field distribution in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction, namely the high-impedance film layer has a stable boundary value, the stability of the liquid crystal optical device in the working state is ensured. However, due to the limitation of the production process, it is difficult to produce the resistance film with a specified resistance value, so the cost for preparing the liquid crystal optical device in the technical scheme is high; meanwhile, even if the high-impedance film has a stable boundary value, the impedance value of the high-impedance film still changes with time in the use process; however, a change in the resistance value of the high-resistance film leads to an uncertain focus adjustment.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of this, the utility model provides an optical device and image device for solve the unstable problem that leads to the unable accurate focus adjustment of liquid crystal lens of the impedance value of the impedance membrane that exists among the prior art.

The utility model adopts the technical proposal that:

in a first aspect, the present invention provides an optical device, comprising a first electrode layer, a first alignment layer, a liquid crystal layer, a second alignment layer and a second electrode layer sequentially arranged along a light-transmitting direction,

the first electrode layer comprises a first electrode, a second electrode and a first impedance film arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the first electrode and the second electrode are respectively connected to two opposite ends of the first impedance film; the second electrode layer comprises a third electrode, a fourth electrode and a second impedance film arranged between the third electrode and the fourth electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode are respectively connected to two opposite ends of the second impedance film, and the shape of a light through hole formed in the light through direction is parallelogram.

As a preferable mode of the above optical device, the alternating voltages obtained at the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode satisfy:

wherein L is₁Is the distance between the first and second electrodes, L₂Is the distance between the third electrode and the fourth electrode, V₁、

Respectively the amplitude and initial phase, V, of the alternating voltage obtained at the first electrode₂、

Respectively the amplitude and initial phase, V, of the alternating voltage obtained at the second electrode₃、

Respectively the amplitude and initial phase, V, of the alternating voltage obtained at the third electrode₄、

Respectively the amplitude and the initial phase of the alternating voltage obtained at the fourth electrode.

Figure DEST_PATH_GDA00024053727900000210

Figure DEST_PATH_GDA00024053727900000211

Figure DEST_PATH_GDA00024053727900000212

Figure DEST_PATH_GDA00024053727900000213

As a preferable mode of the above optical device, the frequencies of the alternating voltages obtained at the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode are equal.

As a preferable mode of the optical device, the light-passing hole has a rectangular shape.

As a preferable aspect of the above optical device, the rectangle is a square.

As a preferable embodiment of the above optical device, a first protective layer is further disposed between the first electrode layer and the first alignment layer, and a second protective layer is further disposed between the second electrode layer and the second alignment layer.

As a preferable scheme of the above optical device, a first substrate is disposed on a side of the first electrode layer departing from the first alignment layer in the light passing direction, and a second substrate is disposed on a side of the second electrode layer departing from the second alignment layer in the light passing direction.

As a preferable mode of the above optical device, along the light passing direction, a projection of one end of the first electrode along the light passing direction extends to the outside of the first substrate, and a projection of one end of the second electrode along the light passing direction extends to the outside of the first substrate; one end of the third electrode extends to the outside of the second substrate along the projection of the light passing direction, and one end of the fourth electrode extends to the outside of the second substrate along the projection of the light passing direction.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides an imaging device comprising any one of the above optical devices.

To sum up, the utility model has the advantages that:

1. the space distribution of the electric field in the liquid crystal layer of the middle optical device of the utility model is irrelevant to the resistance value of the impedance film and is only relevant to the uniformity of the resistance value of the impedance film; the resistance uniformity of the impedance module is easier to ensure in the production process, and the resistance uniformity of the impedance module is less influenced by aging, so that the optical device of the utility model can more easily ensure the stability of voltage distribution, thereby ensuring that the optical device can stably focus;

2. the light through hole of the middle optical device is a parallelogram, thereby realizing Gaussian phase distribution of liquid crystal molecular director in a larger aperture range, ensuring that the optical device has a zooming effect and simultaneously increasing the light through aperture of the optical device;

3. the utility model discloses well optical device's logical unthreaded hole is parallelogram, and it is bigger to compare its duty cycle of the circular logical unthreaded hole of traditional optical device, consequently can obtain higher light energy utilization ratio.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art liquid crystal lens;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an optical device in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken at A-A of FIG. 2;

fig. 5 is a projection view of each electrode of the optical device in the light-transmitting direction according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a diagram showing a distribution of equipotential lines in a liquid crystal layer when a diagonal angle α of a quadrangular light passing hole in a simulation optical device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention is 90 °.

Fig. 7 is a diagram showing a distribution of equipotential lines in a liquid crystal layer when a diagonal angle α of a quadrangular light passing hole in a simulation optical device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention is 80 °.

Fig. 8 is a diagram showing a distribution of equipotential lines in a liquid crystal layer when a diagonal α of a quadrangular light passing hole in a simulation optical device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention is 60 °.

Fig. 9 is a diagram showing a distribution of equipotential lines in a liquid crystal layer when a diagonal α of a quadrangular light passing hole in a simulation optical device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention is 45 °.

Fig. 10 is a diagram showing a distribution of equipotential lines in a liquid crystal layer when a diagonal α of a quadrangular light passing hole in a simulation optical device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention is 20 °.

Fig. 11 is a diagram showing a distribution of equipotential lines in a liquid crystal layer when a diagonal α of a quadrangular light passing hole in a simulation optical device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention is 10 °.

Fig. 12 is a diagram showing a distribution of equipotential lines in a liquid crystal layer when a diagonal α of a quadrangular light passing hole in a simulation optical device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention is 5 °.

Fig. 13 is a diagram showing a distribution of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer when the diagonal angle α of the rectangular light passing hole in the simulation optical device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention is 0 °.

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of an optical device in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a top view of FIG. 14;

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken at C-C of FIG. 14;

fig. 17 is a projection view of each electrode of the optical device in the light-transmitting direction in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 18 is a schematic structural view of an optical device in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a top view of FIG. 18;

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view taken at B-B of FIG. 18;

fig. 21 is a projection view of each electrode of the optical device in the light-transmitting direction in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 22 is a projection view of each electrode of the optical device in the light-transmitting direction according to embodiment 4 of the present invention;

fig. 23 is a schematic structural view of an optical device in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 24 is a schematic structural view of an optical device in embodiment 3 of the present invention;

fig. 25 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in embodiment 5 of the present invention;

fig. 26 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in embodiment 6 of the present invention;

fig. 27 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in embodiment 7 of the present invention;

fig. 28 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in embodiment 8 of the present invention;

fig. 29 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in embodiment 9 of the present invention;

fig. 30 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in embodiment 10 of the present invention;

fig. 31 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between the phase shift amount ψ and the x coordinate in embodiment 11 of the present invention;

fig. 32 is a graph showing the relationship between the focal power and the initial phase angle of the voltages at the second and fourth electrodes in example 11 of the present invention;

fig. 33 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in embodiment 12 of the present invention;

fig. 34 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in embodiment 13 of the present invention;

fig. 35 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in embodiment 14 of the present invention;

fig. 36 is a diagram showing the distribution of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in embodiment 15 of the present invention;

fig. 37 is a diagram showing the distribution of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in example 16 of the present invention;

fig. 38 is a diagram showing the distribution of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in example 17 of the present invention;

fig. 39 is a diagram showing a distribution of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device according to embodiment 18 of the present invention;

fig. 40 is a diagram showing a distribution of equipotential lines in a liquid crystal layer of an optical device according to embodiment 19 of the present invention;

fig. 41 is an interference fringe pattern acquired by the optical device in embodiment 20 of the present invention;

fig. 42 is an interference fringe pattern acquired by the optical device in embodiment 21 of the present invention;

fig. 43 is a diagram showing the distribution of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in example 22 of the present invention;

fig. 44 is a diagram showing the distribution of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in example 23 of the present invention;

fig. 45 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of an optical device in embodiment 24 of the present invention;

FIG. 46 shows V in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in examples 23 and 24 of the present invention_rmsA plot of values versus x-coordinates;

fig. 47 is a diagram showing a distribution of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device according to embodiment 25 of the present invention;

fig. 48 is an interference fringe pattern acquired by the optical device in embodiment 26 of the present invention;

fig. 49 is an interference fringe pattern acquired by the optical device in embodiment 27 of the present invention;

FIG. 50 is a diagram showing the distribution of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of an optical device according to embodiment 28 of the present invention;

fig. 51 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of an optical device in embodiment 29 of the present invention;

fig. 52 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of an optical device in embodiment 30 of the present invention;

fig. 53 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in embodiment 31 of the present invention;

fig. 54 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of an optical device in embodiment 32 of the present invention;

fig. 55 is a distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in embodiment 33 of the present invention;

FIG. 56 shows V in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in examples 32 and 33 of the present invention_rmsValue versus x coordinate.

Description of reference numerals:

101a, a third substrate; 101b, a fourth substrate; 102a, a first planar electrode; 102b, a second planar electrode; 103. a third planar electrode; 104. An insulating layer; 105a, a first alignment layer; 105b, a second alignment layer; 106. a first liquid crystal layer; 107. a resistive film layer; 201. a first substrate; 202. a second substrate; 211a, a first electrode; 211b, a second electrode; 211c, a first resistance film; 212a, a third electrode; 212b, a fourth electrode; 212c, a second resistance film; 221. a first alignment layer; 222. a second alignment layer; 231. a liquid crystal layer; 203. a first protective layer; 204. a second protective layer; 205. and a light through hole.

Detailed Description

The features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below, and in order to make the objects, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the invention by illustrating examples of the invention.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

Embodiment 1:

as shown in fig. 2 to 5, embodiment 1 of the present invention provides an optical device, which includes a first substrate, a first electrode layer, a first alignment layer, a liquid crystal layer, a second alignment layer, a second electrode layer, and a second substrate, which are sequentially disposed along a light passing direction. The first substrate and the second substrate are made of transparent glass materials. The first alignment layer and the second alignment layer are made of organic polymer materials, or polystyrene, polyvinyl alcohol, epoxy resin or polyimide, and the alignment direction of the first alignment layer is antiparallel to the alignment direction of the second alignment layer.

The first electrode layer comprises a first electrode, a second electrode and a first impedance film arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first electrode and the second electrode are respectively connected to the left end and the right end of the first impedance film, the second electrode layer comprises a third electrode, a fourth electrode and a second impedance film arranged between the third electrode and the fourth electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode are respectively connected to the front end and the rear end of the second impedance film, the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode are made of Al, Pt or Cr., the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode form a parallelogram light through hole in the light through direction, and the opposite angle of the parallelogram is α.

The zoom operation principle of the optical device in embodiment 1 is as follows:

because the liquid crystal director arrangement can be electrically controlled and adjusted, different refractive index gradient distribution is presented in a non-uniform electric field; therefore, by applying a voltage having a certain gradient distribution, the liquid crystal director can be induced to be non-uniformly distributed, so that the emergent light propagating through the liquid crystal layer generates a gaussian phase distribution, and the wavefront of the incident plane wave is bent into a convergent or divergent spherical wave, i.e., the zoom function of the optical device (lens) is exhibited (the optical device in embodiment 1 is an optical lens).

Applying an alternating voltage to each electrode

Where V is the voltage amplitude, t is the voltage instantaneous time, f is the voltage frequency,

is the voltage initial phase.

And may be a square wave voltage, a sinusoidal voltage, a triangular wave voltage, or any waveform voltage. Because any periodic function can be represented by infinite series formed by sine functions, for the convenience of derivation, the voltage is taken as a sine signal, namely the sine voltage is respectively applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode

Wherein:

wherein, V₁、f₁、

Respectively amplitude, frequency, initial phase, V, of the voltage obtained at the first electrode₂、f₂、

Figure DEST_PATH_GDA00024053727900000510

Respectively amplitude, frequency, initial phase, V, of the voltage obtained at the second electrode₃、f₃、

Figure DEST_PATH_GDA00024053727900000511

Respectively amplitude, frequency, initial phase, V, of the voltage obtained at the third electrode₄、f₄、

Figure DEST_PATH_GDA00024053727900000512

Respectively, the amplitude, frequency and initial phase of the voltage obtained on the fourth electrode.

Provided that the potential applied to the first substrate (second substrate) is linearly distributed from the first electrode (third electrode) to the second electrode (fourth electrode), as shown in FIG. 5, the first electrode and the second electrodeAt a distance of L₁The distance between the third electrode and the fourth electrode is L₂. With the point 0 in fig. 5 as the origin of coordinates, the direction from the third electrode to the fourth electrode as the y-axis, and the direction perpendicular to the y-axis as the x-axis, a coordinate system is established, and the potential distribution V of the upper substrate is obtained_upAnd potential distribution V of the lower substrate_downComprises the following steps:

Figure DEST_PATH_GDA00024053727900000513

Figure DEST_PATH_GDA00024053727900000514

the potential difference U formed by the upper substrate and the lower substrate is as follows:

U＝V_up-V_down(1-7)

the effective voltages applied to the liquid crystal during the T time period are:

Figure DEST_PATH_GDA00024053727900000515

i.e. the effective voltage and the voltage amplitude (V) applied in the liquid crystal layer₁，V₂，V₃，V₄) Frequency (f)₁,f₂，f₃,f₄) And phase

Figure DEST_PATH_GDA00024053727900000516

Correlation, namely:

Figure DEST_PATH_GDA00024053727900000517

as can be seen from the above equation, the spatial distribution of the electric field of the liquid crystal layer in embodiment 1 is independent of the resistance values of the resistance films, and therefore, the spatial distribution of the electric field of the liquid crystal layer is not affected even if the resistance values of the resistance films are changed.

Meanwhile, in the embodiment, the optical device can drive the optical device to zoom by changing at least one of the amplitude, the frequency or the phase of each alternating voltage. In addition, in the embodiment, the optical device can realize gaussian phase distribution of the liquid crystal molecular director in a large aperture range, so that the optical device has a zooming effect and the clear aperture of the optical device is increased.

All the above formulas are obtained by assuming that the electric potential on the substrate is linearly distributed (that is, the resistance of the impedance mode is uniform), and the finally obtained formula (1-8) also shows that the spatial distribution of the electric field in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device (lens) of the present invention is irrelevant to the resistance of the impedance film and is only relevant to the uniformity of the resistance of the impedance mode; and the resistance homogeneity of impedance mould guarantees more easily in process of production, and the resistance homogeneity of impedance mould receives less through the influence that the ageing should, consequently the utility model discloses an optical device guarantees voltage distribution's stability more easily to guarantee that optical device can stabilize the focusing.

L for setting optical device in embodiment 1₁＝5mm，L₂Applying a voltage to each electrode of the optical device at 5mm to place each electrode in a first voltage state, i.e., V₁＝V₂＝V₃＝V₄＝4V，f₁＝f₂＝1kHz，f₃＝f₄＝2kHz，

According to the formula (1-8), the effective voltage distribution in the liquid crystal layer can be calculated α at 90 degrees by utilizing Matlab, and then the distribution diagram of equipotential lines can be drawn, the distribution of the effective voltage at different angles is simulated α through the rotation function imrotate3() built in Matlab, specifically, the potential distribution Vup of the upper substrate is selected as a rotation target, the distribution of the Vup at different angles of α is simulated by self-defining the rotation angle by taking the time axis of the three-dimensional data Vup as a rotation axis, and then the distribution is respectively taken into the formula (1-8), so that the effective voltage distribution and the equipotential lines distribution in the liquid crystal layer are obtained.

When the diagonal angles α of the quadrilateral light passing hole in the simulated optical device are 90 °, 80 °, 45 °, 30 °, 20 °, 10 °,5 ° and 0 °, respectively, the equipotential line distribution diagrams in the liquid crystal layer are as shown in fig. 6 to 13 (the diagonal angle α is 90 ° representing that the direction from the first electrode to the second electrode is perpendicular to the direction from the third electrode to the fourth electrode on a plane perpendicular to the passing direction, the diagonal angle α reduces that the direction from the first electrode to the second electrode is rotated counterclockwise relative to the direction from the third electrode to the fourth electrode, the first substrate and the first alignment layer are also rotated simultaneously, and the diagonal angle α is complementary to the counterclockwise rotation angle, the diagonal angle α is 0 ° representing that the direction from the first electrode to the second electrode is parallel to the direction from the third electrode to the fourth electrode on a plane perpendicular to the passing direction).

As can be seen from fig. 6 to 13, when a voltage is applied to each electrode of the optical device when the diagonal angle α is 0 ° to 90 °, an axisymmetric non-uniform electric field is generated in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device, thereby causing axisymmetric non-uniform alignment of the director of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer, and the effective refractive index of the liquid crystal layer has an optical lens-like refractive index distribution.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 14 to 16, embodiment 1 of the present invention provides an optical device, which includes a first substrate, a first electrode layer, a first alignment layer, a liquid crystal layer, a second alignment layer, a second electrode layer, and a second substrate, which are sequentially disposed from top to bottom, wherein a rubbing direction of the first alignment layer is antiparallel to a rubbing direction of the second alignment layer. The projections of the first substrate, the first electrode layer, the first alignment layer, the liquid crystal layer, the second alignment layer, the second electrode layer and the second substrate along the light passing direction are squares with the same size.

The first electrode layer comprises a first electrode, a first impedance film and a second electrode, the cross section of the first impedance film in the horizontal direction is square, the first electrode and the second electrode are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the first impedance film, the left side of the first impedance film is connected with the first electrode, and the right side of the first impedance film is connected with the second electrode. The second electrode layer comprises a third electrode, a second impedance film and a fourth electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the second impedance film, the left side of the second impedance film is connected with the third electrode, and the right side of the first impedance film is connected with the fourth electrode.

As shown in fig. 17, the projections of the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode, and the fourth electrode in the light-passing direction (the light-passing direction is a direction perpendicular to the surface of the liquid crystal layer) enclose a square (i.e., the diagonal angle α of the parallelogram is 90 °).

Example 2:

as shown in fig. 18 to 20, embodiment 2 provides an optical device, which includes a first substrate, a first electrode layer, a first alignment layer, a liquid crystal layer, a second alignment layer, a second electrode layer, and a second substrate, which are sequentially disposed from top to bottom, wherein the first alignment layer is antiparallel to the second alignment layer in the rubbing direction.

The projections of the first substrate, the first electrode layer, the first alignment layer, the second electrode layer and the second substrate along the light passing direction are rectangles with the same size, and the projection of the liquid crystal layer along the light passing direction is a square. The length direction of the first electrode layer, the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer is arranged along the left and right sides, and the length direction of the second alignment layer, the second electrode layer and the second substrate is arranged along the front and back sides, so that in the light passing direction, the projection of the left end of the first electrode and the projection of the right end of the second electrode extend to the outside of the projection of the second substrate, and the projection of the front end of the third electrode and the projection of the rear end of the fourth electrode extend to the outside of the projection of the first substrate. Thus, in example 2, compared with example 1, the extended end of each electrode will be used as a terminal to facilitate the connection of the lead wire to the electrode.

As shown in fig. 21, projections of the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode, and the fourth electrode in the light-passing direction (the light-passing direction is a direction perpendicular to the surface of the liquid crystal layer) enclose a square (i.e., the diagonal angle α of the parallelogram is 90 °). voltages in the formulae (1-1), (1-2), (1-3), and (1-4) are applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode, and the fourth electrode, respectively.

In order to simulate the distribution of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in example 2, the expressions (1-1), (1-2), (1-3), and (1-4) were simplified to show that

f₁＝f₂，f₃＝f₄And f is₁≠f₃That is, the voltage applied to the upper substrate has the same frequency, the voltage applied to the lower substrate has the same frequency, and the voltage frequencies of the upper and lower substrates are different, wherein the voltage phase difference between the two ends of the upper substrate and the voltage phase difference between the two ends of the lower substrate are respectively

And

then the equations (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are simplified as:

F_A(V₁,t,f₁,0)＝V₁sin(2πf₁t) (1-10)

F_C(V₃,t,f₃,0)＝V₃sin(2πf₃t) (1-12)

with the point 0 in fig. 21 as the origin of coordinates, the direction from the third electrode to the fourth electrode as the y-axis, and the direction perpendicular to the y-axis as the x-axis, a coordinate system is established, and the potential distribution V of the upper substrate is obtained_upAnd potential distribution V of the lower substrate_downComprises the following steps:

order to

Figure DEST_PATH_GDA00024053727900000710

Where M is the period T of the U function or an integer multiple of the period T.

Take f₁M，f₃M is an integer, then:

Figure DEST_PATH_GDA00024053727900000711

will be provided with

Figure DEST_PATH_GDA00024053727900000712

Substituting into (1-18), then:

order to

Then (1-19) is:

the following two cases can be classified according to the above formula:

(1) when in use

N ═ 0, ± 1, ± 2, ± 3₁＝V₂,V₃＝V₄When it is, then

At this time, the voltage is independent of the coordinate value, the voltage distribution at an arbitrary position in the coordinate axis is the same, and the optical device (lens) in example 2 is a variable phase retarder.

(2) When in use

And is

N＝0,±1,±2,±3...m₁＝m₂When not equal to 0, the formula (1-22) can be:

the distribution of the equipotential lines in the obtained liquid crystal layer is elliptical distribution with the center position of the circle

Namely, the circle center position is:

Figure DEST_PATH_GDA00024053727900000810

the center of the potential lines is the center of the lens of the optical device.

Example 3:

embodiment 3 of the utility model is according toStructure of optical device in example 2a solid optical device (solid optical lens) was prepared and tested, and its structure is shown in fig. 18 to 20, and the structural parameters of the solid optical device are shown in table 1, the light-passing area of the solid optical device is 5mm × 5mm, and the electrode V is₁To the electrode V₂And an electrode V₃To the electrode V₄The distances therebetween were all 5mm, the liquid crystal layer thickness was 80 μm, and the birefringence difference △ n of the liquid crystal material used was 0.259.

Parameter(s)	Numerical value	Description of the invention
			D	5mm*5mm	Size of light transmission area
d	80μm	Thickness of liquid crystal layer
			R
_HR	10⁶Ω/□	Surface resistance of impedance film
			ε_∥	10.6	Dielectric constant of liquid crystal molecules in the direction parallel to the long axis of the molecules
ε_⊥	3.7	Dielectric constant of liquid crystal molecules in a direction perpendicular to the long axis of the molecules
			△n	0.295	Difference in birefringence of liquid crystal
n_O	1.525	Refractive index of liquid crystal o light
			n_e	1.820	E-optical refractive index of liquid crystal

TABLE 1

Example 4:

as shown in fig. 22, the embodiment 4 of the present invention provides an optical device, and the optical device in embodiment 4 is improved on the basis of the structure of the optical device in embodiment 2, specifically: the projections of the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode along the light-transmitting direction are enclosed to form a rectangle, that is, the distance between the first electrode and the second electrode of the optical device in embodiment 4 is L1, which is greater than the distance between the third electrode and the fourth electrode is L2.

The rest of the working principle of the embodiment 4 is the same as that of the embodiment 2.

Embodiment 2:

as shown in fig. 23, the present invention provides an optical device in embodiment 2, wherein the optical device in embodiment 2 is improved on the basis of the structure of the optical device in embodiment 1, and specifically: the first substrate and the second substrate are eliminated, and meanwhile, the first protective layer is arranged between the first impedance film and the first alignment layer, and the second protective layer is arranged between the second impedance film and the second alignment layer. The thickness of the first protective layer and the second protective layer is 1 micron, the protective layers play a role in protecting the impedance film and the electrode, and meanwhile, the surfaces of the electrode, the impedance film and the alignment layer are smooth.

The remaining operation principle of embodiment 2 is the same as that of embodiment 1.

Embodiment 3:

as shown in fig. 24, embodiment 3 of the present invention provides an optical device, and the optical device in embodiment 3 is improved on the basis of the structure of the optical device in embodiment 1, specifically: a first protective layer is disposed between the first resistance film and the first alignment layer, and a second protective layer is disposed between the second resistance film and the second alignment layer. The provision of the first protective layer and the second protective layer in this manner can protect the liquid crystal layer inside the optical device (optical lens). This arrangement enables the first protective layer and the second protective layer to protect the liquid crystal layer inside the optical device on the basis of embodiment 2.

The remaining operation principle of embodiment 3 is the same as that of embodiment 1.

Embodiment 4:

embodiment 4 of the present invention is an image forming apparatus including any one of optical devices in each of embodiment modes and embodiments.

Embodiment 5:

embodiment 5 provides a zoom driving method for an optical device, where the optical device is any one of the optical devices described above, and the zoom driving method includes the following steps:

s1, applying alternating voltages to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode, wherein the amplitudes of the alternating voltages on the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode are V respectively₁、V₂、V₃And V₄The liquid crystal layer is in a first zoom state;

s2, respectively switching the amplitude of the alternating voltage applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode to be nV₁、nV₂、nV₃And nV₄The liquid crystal layer is in a second zoom state, where n is a positive number.

Example 5:

the embodiment 5 of the present invention adopts the optical device in the embodiment 2 to simulate, and the voltages in the formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are respectively applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in the embodiment 2, and the voltage parameters of each electrode are: f. of₁＝f₂＝1kHz，f₃＝f₄＝2kHz，

V₁＝V₂＝V₃＝V₄When the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device were distributed in a circular shape according to equation (1-23) with the center of the circle at (5/2mm ), the liquid crystal layer of the optical device was simulated by equation (1-8), and the distribution diagram of the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device was as shown in fig. 25.

Example 6:

the embodiment 6 of the present invention adopts the optical device in the embodiment 2 to simulate, and the voltages in the formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are respectively applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in the embodiment 2, and the voltage parameters of each electrode are: f. of₁＝f₂＝1kHz，f₃＝f₄＝2kHz，

V₁＝V₂＝V₃＝V₄When the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device were distributed in a circular shape according to equation (1-23) with the center of the circle at (5/2mm ), the liquid crystal layer of the optical device was simulated by equation (1-8), and the distribution diagram of the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device was as shown in fig. 26.

The refractive index of the liquid crystal layer of the optical device varies with the effective voltage across the liquid crystal layer. As can be seen from fig. 25, fig. 26 and (1-23), the optical device in the present invention reduces the distance between two adjacent equipotential lines (i.e. the more dense the equipotential lines) by adjusting the proportional expansion of each voltage amplitude under the condition that each voltage amplitude remains the same, thereby changing the focal power of the optical device (optical lens) and realizing the electronic control focusing of the optical device (optical lens). Similarly, when the voltage amplitudes of the optical device are kept the same, the voltage amplitudes of the optical device can be adjusted to be reduced in an equal proportion, and the distance between two adjacent equipotential lines is enlarged (i.e., the equipotential lines are more sparse), so that the focal power of the optical device is changed.

Embodiment 6:

embodiment 6 provides a zoom driving method for an optical device, the optical device is any one of the optical devices described above, and the zoom driving method includes the following steps:

s1, applying alternating voltages to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode, wherein the initial phases of the alternating voltages on the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode are respectively

And

wherein

The liquid crystal layer is in a first zooming state;

s2, switching the initial phases of the alternating voltages applied to the second electrode and the fourth electrode

The liquid crystal layer is in a second zoom state.

Example 7:

the embodiment 7 of the present invention adopts the optical device in the embodiment 2 to simulate, and the voltages in the formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are respectively applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in the embodiment 2, and the voltage parameters of each electrode are: f. of₁＝f₂＝1kHz，f₃＝f₄＝2kHz，

V₁＝V₂＝V₃＝V₄When the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device were distributed in a circular shape according to equation (1-23) with the center of the circle at (5/2mm ), the liquid crystal layer of the optical device was simulated by equation (1-8), and the distribution diagram of the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device was as shown in fig. 27.

Example 8:

the embodiment 8 of the present invention adopts the optical device in the embodiment 2 to simulate, and the voltages in the formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are respectively applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in the embodiment 2, and the voltage parameters of each electrode are: f. of₁＝f₂＝1kHz，f₃＝f₄＝2kHz，

V₁＝V₂＝V₃＝V₄When the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device were distributed in a circular shape according to equation (1-23) with the center of the circle at (5/2mm ), the liquid crystal layer of the optical device was simulated by equation (1-8), and the distribution of the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device was as shown in fig. 28.

Example 9:

the embodiment 9 of the present invention adopts the optical device in the embodiment 2 for simulation, voltages in the formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are respectively applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in the embodiment 2, and the voltage parameters of each electrode are as follows: f. of₁＝f₂＝1kHz，f₃＝f₄＝2kHz，

V₁＝V₂＝V₃＝V₄When the voltage is equal to 4V, the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device are distributed in a circular shape according to the equation (1-23)The center of the circle is (5/2mm ), and the distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is shown in fig. 29 by performing simulation on the liquid crystal layer of the optical device in accordance with the expression (1-8).

Example 10:

the embodiment 10 of the present invention adopts the optical device in the embodiment 2 for simulation, voltages in the formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are respectively applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in the embodiment 2, and the voltage parameters of each electrode are: f. of₁＝f₂＝1kHz，f₃＝f₄＝2kHz，

V₁＝V₂＝V₃＝V₄When the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device were distributed in a circular shape according to equation (1-23) with the center of the circle at (5/2mm ), the liquid crystal layer of the optical device was simulated by equation (1-8), and the distribution diagram of the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device was as shown in fig. 30.

The refractive index of the liquid crystal layer of the optical device varies with the effective voltage across the liquid crystal layer. As can be seen from fig. 27 to fig. 30 and (1-23), the optical device in the present invention has an initial phase angle of voltage on the first electrode and the third electrode of 0 °, and when the initial phase angle of voltage on the second electrode and the fourth electrode of 0 is kept consistent, the initial phase angle of voltage on the second electrode and the fourth electrode is reduced, so as to enlarge the distance between two adjacent equipotential lines (i.e. the equipotential lines are more sparse), and change the electric field strength, thereby changing the focal power of the optical device, and realizing the electric control focusing of the optical device. Similarly, the distance between two adjacent equipotential lines (i.e. the more dense the equipotential lines) can also be reduced by increasing the initial phase angle of the voltages on the second electrode and the fourth electrode, so as to change the focal power of the optical device.

Example 11:

embodiment 11 of the present invention adopts the solid optical device in embodiment 3 to perform the experiment, which is the first electrode and the second electrode of the solid optical device in embodiment 3Voltages in the formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are applied to the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode respectively, and the voltage parameters of each electrode are as follows: v₁＝V₂＝V₃＝V₄＝2.5V，f₁＝f₂＝1kHz，f₃＝f₄＝2kHz，

Respectively take

The results of the measurements of the phase shift ψ and the coordinate x of the solid optical device over a 5mm diameter range are shown in fig. 31 for values of 96 °, 128 °, and 152 °, respectively. When in use

Then, the experimental measurement was fitted with a quadratic curve to obtain a fitted curve of ψ -1.33302x²+6.44362x + 0.43098; when in use

Then, the fitting curve psi obtained by fitting the experimental measurement value with a quadratic curve is-3.09024 x²+14.66995x + 0.23841; when in use

Then, the experimental measurement was fitted with a quadratic curve to obtain a fitted curve of ψ -5.91129x²+28.43714x-1.55301。

The results show that the experimental value of the tested phase shift center position is shifted to one side due to the uneven thickness of the liquid crystal layer, and the experimental result is consistent with the simulation result of the electric control focusing of the optical device realized by adjusting the phase on each electrode of the optical device in the embodiments 7 to 10.

Meanwhile, FIG. 32 shows the power and driving voltage phase of the solid optical device

Figure DEST_PATH_GDA00024053727900001010

By fitting the actual data with a linear function, as can be seen from fig. 32, the phase of the driving voltage

Figure DEST_PATH_GDA00024053727900001011

In the interval of 88 deg. to 140 deg., the optical power follows the phase of the driving voltage

Figure DEST_PATH_GDA00024053727900001012

The power is changed from 0.52(1/m) to 3.2(1/m) and a fitted curve is obtained by fitting the experimental measurements with a quadratic curve

Figure DEST_PATH_GDA00024053727900001013

The optical power changes nearly linearly with the change in voltage phase. The result also shows that the utility model discloses an optical device has the function of automatically controlled focusing.

Embodiment 7:

embodiment 7 provides a method for moving a lens center of an optical device, wherein the optical device is any one of the above optical devices, and the method for moving the lens center of the optical device comprises the following steps:

s1, applying alternating voltages to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode, wherein the lens center of the optical device is located at a first position;

and S2, changing the voltage amplitude on the first electrode and/or the third electrode, wherein the lens center of the optical device is located at the second position.

Example 12:

the embodiment 12 of the present invention adopts the optical device in the embodiment 2 for simulation, voltages in the formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are respectively applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in the embodiment 2, and the voltage parameters of each electrode are: f. of₁＝f₂＝1kHz，f₃＝f₄＝2kHz，

V₁＝V₂＝V₃＝V₄When the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device were distributed in a circular shape according to equation (1-23) and the center of the circle (i.e., the center of the lens) was located at (5/2mm ), the liquid crystal layer of the optical device was simulated according to equation (1-8), and the distribution diagram of the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device was as shown in fig. 33.

Example 13:

the embodiment 13 of the present invention adopts the optical device in the embodiment 2 for simulation, voltages in the formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are respectively applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in the embodiment 2, and the voltage parameters of each electrode are: f. of₁＝f₂＝1kHz，f₃＝f₄＝2kHz，

V₁＝V₄＝1V，V₂＝V₃When the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device are distributed in a circular shape according to the equation (1-23) and the center of the circle is located at (1mm, 4mm), the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is simulated according to the equation (1-8), and the distribution diagram of the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is shown in fig. 34.

Example 14:

the embodiment 14 of the present invention adopts the optical device in the embodiment 2 to simulate, and the voltages in the formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are respectively applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in the embodiment 2, and the voltage parameters of each electrode are as follows: f. of₁＝f₂＝1kHz，f₃＝f₄＝2kHz，

V₁＝2V，V₂＝4V，V₃＝V ₄3V, the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device are distributed in a circular shape according to the formula (1-23), the center of the circle is positioned at (5/3mm, 5/2mm), the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is simulated by the formula (1-8),the distribution of equipotential lines within the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is shown in FIG. 35.

Example 15:

the embodiment 15 of the present invention adopts the optical device in embodiment 2 to simulate, and in embodiment 2, the voltages in the formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are respectively applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device, and the voltage parameters of each electrode are: f. of₁＝f₂＝1kHz，f₃＝f₄＝2kHz，

V₁＝V₂＝3V，V₃＝4V，V₄When the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device were distributed in a circular shape according to equation (1-23) with the center of the circle at (5/2mm, 10/3mm), the liquid crystal layer of the optical device was simulated by equation (1-8), and the distribution of the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device was as shown in fig. 36.

As can be seen from fig. 33 to fig. 36 and expressions (1 to 23), when the voltage phase difference of the optical device of the present invention is a fixed value (i.e. the frequency and phase of each voltage are fixed), the center position of the equipotential line (i.e. the position of the lens center of the optical device) can be controlled by adjusting the amplitude of each voltage.

Examples 12 to 15 demonstrate that the lens center moving method of the optical device in embodiment 7 can be implemented, and the lens center moving method of the optical device in embodiment 7 can be applied to the optical tweezers technology. In 1986, the capture of tiny particles was realized by means of a gradient force three-dimensional potential trap generated by a single-beam strongly focused laser according to the mechanical effect of the laser, which marks the birth of optical tweezers technology. The technology can control the living body substance in a non-contact and non-destructive manner, becomes one of important research tools in the field of biology, and meanwhile, the optical tweezers technology can realize the control of tiny particles, the measurement of tiny force and the like, and is widely applied to the field of physics or chemistry.

The method for moving the lens center of the optical device in embodiment 7 can be applied to the optical tweezers technology, specifically: the control light (laser) passes through the center of the optical device in the present invention to capture the particles, and the lens center of the optical device is changed by the method in embodiment 7, so that the control light (laser) moves along with the movement of the lens center, thereby moving the captured particles.

Embodiment 8:

the embodiment 8 of the present invention provides an optical device, which includes a first electrode layer, a first alignment layer, a liquid crystal layer, a second alignment layer, and a second electrode layer sequentially arranged along a light passing direction, wherein the first electrode layer includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a first impedance film disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the first electrode and the second electrode are respectively connected to two opposite ends of the first impedance film; the second electrode layer comprises a third electrode, a fourth electrode and a second impedance film arranged between the third electrode and the fourth electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode are respectively connected to two opposite ends of the second impedance film, wherein the shape of a light through hole formed in the light through direction of the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode is parallelogram, and the alternating voltage acquired on the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode satisfies the following conditions:

From the formula (1-22), can be given as m₁≠m₂And m is₁≠0，m₂When the electric field is not equal to 0, the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device are distributed in an elliptical shape, and the central position of the ellipse is

Namely, the central position is:

the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the ellipse is:

wherein a is the semi-axial length in the x-axis direction, and b is the semi-axial length in the y-axis direction.

As shown in the formulas (1-26), the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device can be distributed in an elliptical shape with different ellipticities by changing the amplitude and phase of the driving voltage.

Example 16:

embodiment 16 of the present invention adopts the optics of embodiment 2The device was simulated by applying voltages in the formulae (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in example 2, respectively, and the voltage parameters of each electrode were: f. of₁＝f₂＝1kHz，f₃＝f₄＝2kHz，

Figure DEST_PATH_GDA00024053727900001210

V₁＝V₂＝5V，V₃＝V₄When the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device are distributed in an elliptical shape according to the expression (1-22), the center of the circle is located at (5/2mm ), the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis is 2 according to the expression (1-26), and the distribution of the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is shown in fig. 37 by performing a simulation on the liquid crystal layer of the optical device according to the expression (1-8).

Example 17:

the embodiment 17 of the present invention adopts the optical device in embodiment 2 to simulate, and in embodiment 2, the voltages in the formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are respectively applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device, and the voltage parameters of each electrode are: f. of₁＝f₂＝1kHz，f₃＝f₄＝2kHz，

Figure DEST_PATH_GDA00024053727900001211

V₁＝V₂＝10V，V₃＝V₄When the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device are distributed in an elliptical shape at this time according to the expression (1-22), the center position of the circle is (5/2mm ), the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis is 1/2 according to the expression (1-26), and the distribution of the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is shown in fig. 38 by performing simulation on the liquid crystal layer of the optical device according to the expression (1-8).

Example 18:

embodiment 18 of the present invention adopts the optical device in embodiment 2 for simulation, in which (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are respectively applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in embodiment 2The voltage parameters of each electrode are as follows: f. of₁＝f₂＝1kHz，f₃＝f₄＝2kHz，

Figure DEST_PATH_GDA00024053727900001212

V₁＝1V，V₂＝2V，V₃＝V₄When the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device are distributed in an elliptical shape according to the expression (1-22), the center of the circle is located at (10/3mm, 5/2mm), the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis is 8/3 according to the expression (1-26), and the distribution of the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is shown in fig. 39 by performing simulation on the liquid crystal layer of the optical device according to the expression (1-8).

Example 19:

the embodiment 19 of the present invention adopts the optical device in embodiment 2 for simulation, voltages in the formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are respectively applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in embodiment 2, and the voltage parameters of each electrode are: f. of₁＝f₂＝1kHz，f₃＝f₄＝2kHz，

V₁＝V₂＝4V，V₃＝2V，V₄When the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device are distributed in an elliptical shape at this time according to the expression (1-22), the center position of the circle is (5/2mm, 10/3mm), the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis is 3/8 according to the expression (1-26), and the distribution of the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is shown in fig. 40 by performing simulation on the liquid crystal layer of the optical device according to the expression (1-8).

As can be seen from fig. 37 to 40 and formulas (1 to 26), when the same substrate-side voltage of the optical device of the present invention has the same frequency f₁＝f₂， f₃＝f₄Frequency difference f between different substrates₁≠f₃And m is₁≠m₂，m₁≠0，m₂When the voltage is not equal to 0, the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer are distributed in an elliptical shape.

As can be seen from comparing fig. 37 with fig. 39, and fig. 38 with fig. 40, when the voltage phase difference on the same substrate of the optical device is a fixed value (i.e., the voltage phases are fixed), the central position of the voltage distribution can be adjusted by adjusting the magnitude of the voltages; meanwhile, the ratio of the length half axis to the length half axis of the ellipse can be adjusted by adjusting the amplitude of each voltage.

Example 20:

the embodiment 20 of the present invention adopts the solid optical device in the embodiment 3 to perform the experiment, the voltages in the formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are respectively applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the solid optical device in the embodiment 3, and the voltage parameters of each electrode are as follows: f. of₁＝f₂＝1kHz，f₃＝f₄＝2kHz，

V₁＝V₂＝5V，V₃＝V₄The interference fringe pattern of the solid optical device under this condition is acquired as shown in fig. 41, where the interference ring is elliptical and the ratio of the major and minor axes of the ellipse is about 2.

Example 21:

embodiment 21 of the present invention adopts the solid optical device in embodiment 3 to perform the experiment, voltages in (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are respectively applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the solid optical device in embodiment 3, and the voltage parameters of each electrode are as follows: f. of₁＝f₂＝1kHz，f₃＝f₄＝2kHz，

V₁＝V₂＝10V，V₃＝V₄The fringe pattern of the solid optic under this condition was acquired at 5V as shown in fig. 42, where the interference ring was elliptical with a ratio of the major and minor axes of the ellipse of about 1/2.

Comparing fig. 37 with fig. 41, and fig. 38 with fig. 42, it can be seen that: the experimental result is substantially the same as the simulation result, and therefore the optical device in embodiment 8 of the present invention is an elliptic lens, which has the function of an elliptic lens. However, the experimental result is different from the simulation result in a certain degree, and the simulation result is mainly that the distribution condition of the effective voltage in the liquid crystal layer is simulated without considering the electrical anisotropy of the liquid crystal molecules, the thickness uniformity of the liquid crystal layer also has a certain influence on the voltage distribution, and meanwhile, it can be seen from fig. 41 and 42 that the resistance film layer right below the solid optical device is scratched, which influences the shape of the voltage distribution of the optical device.

Embodiment 9:

embodiment 9 of the present invention provides an optical device, which includes a first electrode layer, a first alignment layer, a liquid crystal layer, a second alignment layer, and a second electrode layer sequentially arranged along a light passing direction, wherein the first electrode layer includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a first impedance film disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the first electrode and the second electrode are respectively connected to opposite ends of the first impedance film; the second electrode layer comprises a third electrode, a fourth electrode and a second impedance film arranged between the third electrode and the fourth electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode are respectively connected to two opposite ends of the second impedance film, wherein the shape of a light through hole formed in the light through direction of the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode is parallelogram, and the alternating voltage acquired on the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode satisfies the following conditions:

Is represented by the formula (1-22), when m₁≠0，m₂When 0, we can get:

at this time, the effective voltage in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is distributed in a paraboloid, and the rotation symmetry axis of the paraboloid is positioned

To (3).

Is represented by the formula (1-22), when m₁≠0，m₂When 0, we can get:

To (3).

Example 22:

the embodiment of the utility model provides aThe optical device in example 2 was used for simulation, in example 2, voltages in the formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) were applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device, and the voltage parameters of the electrodes were: f. of₁＝f₂＝1kHz，f₃＝f₄＝2kHz，

V₁＝V₂＝2V，V₃＝V₄When the value is 4V, the value is obtained according to the formula (1-20), and m is₁0; according to the equation (1-28), the effective voltage in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is distributed in a paraboloid, and the rotational symmetry axis of the paraboloid is located at (x,5/2 mm). The optical device liquid crystal layer in this case was simulated by the equation (1-8), and the distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the optical device liquid crystal layer is shown in fig. 43. V in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time can be seen from the formula (1-28)_rmsThe value is independent of the y-coordinate, and V corresponding to each x-coordinate is calculated by the formula (1-28)_rmsValue, each V_rmsThe value versus x-coordinate is shown in fig. 46.

Example 23:

the embodiment 23 of the present invention adopts the optical device in the embodiment 2 for simulation, voltages in the formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are respectively applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in the embodiment 2, and the voltage parameters of each electrode are: f. of₁＝f₂＝1kHz，f₃＝f₄＝2kHz，

V₁＝V₂＝2V，V₃＝V₄When the value is 8V, the value is obtained according to the formula (1-20), and m is₁0; according to the equation (1-28), the effective voltage in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is distributed in a paraboloid, and the rotational symmetry axis of the paraboloid is located at (x,5/2 mm). The optical device liquid crystal layer in this case was simulated by the equation (1-8), and the distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the optical device liquid crystal layer is shown in fig. 44. This is shown by the formula (1-28)V in liquid crystal layer of optical device_rmsThe value is independent of the y-coordinate, and V corresponding to each x-coordinate is calculated by the formula (1-28)_rmsValue, each V_rmsThe value versus x-coordinate is shown in fig. 46.

As can be seen from fig. 46, V in the liquid crystal layers of the optical devices of examples 22 and 23_rmsThe values are distributed in a parabolic shape along the x-axis direction, and since the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules is determined by the driving voltage, the optical devices in examples 22 and 23 are also in the same columnar shape as the parabolic shape.

Example 24:

the embodiment 24 of the present invention adopts the optical device in the embodiment 2 for simulation, voltages in the formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are respectively applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in the embodiment 2, and the voltage parameters of each electrode are: f. of₁＝f₂＝1kHz，f₃＝f₄＝2kHz，

V₁＝V₂＝2V，V₃＝7V，V₄When the value is 4V, the value is obtained according to the formula (1-20), and m is₁0; according to the equation (1-28), the effective voltage in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is distributed in a paraboloid, and the rotational symmetry axis of the paraboloid is located at (x,35/11 mm). The liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time was simulated by the equation (1-8), and the distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is shown in fig. 45.

Example 25:

the embodiment 25 of the present invention adopts the optical device in the embodiment 2 for simulation, voltages in the formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are respectively applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in the embodiment 2, and the voltage parameters of each electrode are: f. of₁＝f₂＝1kHz，f₃＝f₄＝2kHz，

V₁＝V₂＝2V，V₃＝5V，V₄(ii) 7V, when m1 is 0, is obtainable according to formula (1-20); according to the equation (1-28), the effective voltage in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is distributed in a paraboloid, and the rotational symmetry axis of the paraboloid is located at (x,25/12 mm). The liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time was simulated by the equation (1-8), and the distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is shown in fig. 47.

It can be seen from FIG. 46 that when the voltage values applied to the electrodes of the optical device satisfy m ₁0 and m₂Not equal to 0, V in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device_rmsThe values are parabolic with the x-coordinate. When the same substrate has the same amplitude value, the optical device rotating shaft is positioned at (x,5/2), and the change of the amplitude value on one substrate can realize the change of the optical power of the optical device in the x direction; when the voltage amplitudes on one of the substrates are the same, the phase difference is 0, the amplitudes of the other substrate are different, and the phase difference is not 0, the rotational symmetry axes of the column distribution are located at (x, -n)₂/2m₂) The rotational symmetry axis of the pillar distribution varies with the magnitude of the amplitude of the other substrate.

Similarly, when the voltage value applied to each electrode of the optical device satisfies m ₂0 and m₁When the voltage is not equal to 0, the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device are distributed in a paraboloid along the y direction. When the same substrate has the same amplitude, the optic axis of rotation is located at (5/2, y), and changing the amplitude on one of the substrates changes the power of the optic in the y-direction.

Example 26:

embodiment 26 of the present invention adopts the solid optical device in embodiment 3 to perform the experiment, voltages in (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are respectively applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the solid optical device in embodiment 3, and the voltage parameters of each electrode are as follows: f. of₁＝f₂＝1kHz，f₃＝f₄＝2kHz，

V₁＝V₂＝3V，V₃＝V ₄6V, collecting the solid optical device under the conditionInterference fringes under the 632.8nm red light condition are shown in the interference fringe pattern shown in fig. 48, and the interference fringes are distributed in a strip shape, and the center of a lens of the optical device can be obtained from the interference fringe pattern, wherein the center of the lens is approximately at the transverse symmetrical center of the square light-passing aperture.

Example 27:

embodiment 27 of the present invention employs the solid optical device in embodiment 3 to perform the experiment, in embodiment 3, voltages in (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the solid optical device, respectively, and the voltage parameters of each electrode are: f. of₁＝f₂＝1kHz，f₃＝f₄＝2kHz，

V₁＝V₂＝3V，V₃＝V₄The interference fringe pattern of the physical optical device under 632.8nm red light condition is collected at 9V, the interference fringe pattern is shown in fig. 49, the interference fringe is distributed in a strip shape, and the center position of the lens of the optical device is approximately at the transverse symmetrical center of the square clear aperture.

Comparing fig. 43 with fig. 48, and fig. 44 with fig. 49, it can be seen that: the experimental result is basically the same as the simulation result, and therefore the utility model discloses optical device in embodiment 9 is a cylindrical lens, and its function that has realized cylindrical lens. However, the experimental result is different from the simulation result in a certain degree, mainly because the simulation result does not consider the distribution of the effective voltage in the liquid crystal layer in the simulation of the electrical anisotropy of the liquid crystal molecules, and meanwhile, the uniformity of the thickness of the liquid crystal layer also has a certain influence on the voltage distribution.

Embodiment 10:

embodiment 10 of the present invention provides an optical device, which includes a first electrode layer, a first alignment layer, a liquid crystal layer, a second alignment layer, and a second electrode layer sequentially arranged along a light passing direction, wherein the first electrode layer includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a first impedance film disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the first electrode and the second electrode are respectively connected to opposite ends of the first impedance film; the second electrode layer comprises a third electrode, a fourth electrode and a second impedance film arranged between the third electrode and the fourth electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode are respectively connected to two opposite ends of the second impedance film, the shape of a light through hole formed in the light through direction is a parallelogram, and the frequency of alternating voltage acquired on the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode is equal.

Is represented by the formulae (1-10), (1-11), (1-12) and (1-13) when f₁＝f₂＝f₃＝f₄When f is equal (i.e., the frequency of each applied voltage is the same), the following results are obtained:

F_A(V₁,t,f,0)＝V₁sin(2πft) (1-29)

F_C(V₃,t,f,0)＝V₃sin(2πft) (1-31)

the potential distribution V of the upper substrate_upAnd potential distribution V of the lower substrate_downComprises the following steps:

order to

Then:

in the formula

Will be provided with

Substituting into (1-36), then:

when in use

And then, the change gradient of the equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer is as follows:

when the voltages applied to the two sides of the substrate have the same magnitude (V)₁＝V₂，V₃＝V₄) Then, the formula (1-37) is simplified as follows:

V_rmsthe gradient of change is:

when V is₁＝V₂＝V₃＝V₄When V, formula (1-37) varies as:

at this time, the effective voltage distribution in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is prismatic.

Example 28:

the embodiment 28 of the present invention adopts the optical device in the embodiment 2 for simulation, voltages in the formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are respectively applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in the embodiment 2, and the voltage parameters of each electrode are: f. of₁＝f₂＝f₃＝f₄＝1kHz，

V₁＝V₂＝V₃＝V₄At 4V, the liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time was simulated by the formula (1-8), and the effective voltage distribution in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time was a prismatic shape, as shown in fig. 50, and the voltage change gradient dy/dx was-1.

Example 29:

the embodiment 29 of the present invention adopts the optical device in the embodiment 2 for simulation, voltages in the formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are respectively applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in the embodiment 2, and the voltage parameters of each electrode are: f. of₁＝f₂＝f₃＝f₄＝1kHz，

V₁＝V₂＝2V，V₃＝V₄At 4V, the liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time was simulated by the formula (1-8), and the effective voltage distribution in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time was a prismatic shape, as shown in fig. 51, and the voltage change gradient dy/dx was-1/2.

Example 30:

embodiment 30 of the present invention adopts the optical device in embodiment 2 to simulate, and the first electrode, the second electrode and the third electrode of the optical device in embodiment 2And applying voltages in the formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) to the fourth electrode respectively, wherein the voltage parameters of each electrode are as follows: f. of₁＝f₂＝f₃＝f₄＝1kHz，

V₁＝V₂＝V₃＝V₄At 4V, the optical device liquid crystal layer at this time was simulated by the formula (1-8), and the effective voltage distribution in the optical device liquid crystal layer at this time was a prismatic shape, and as shown in fig. 52, the voltage change gradient dy/dx was 1.

Example 31:

the embodiment 31 of the present invention adopts the optical device in the embodiment 2 for simulation, voltages in the formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are respectively applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in the embodiment 2, and the voltage parameters of each electrode are: f. of₁＝f₂＝f₃＝f₄＝1kHz，

V₁＝V₂＝2V，V₃＝V₄At 4V, the liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time was simulated by the formula (1-8), and the effective voltage distribution in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time was a prismatic shape, as shown in fig. 53, and the voltage change gradient dy/dx was 1/2.

As can be seen from fig. 50 to 53, when the four-terminal voltage frequencies of the liquid crystal optical device are the same, the effective voltage distribution in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is prismatic, so that the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules is prismatic; by changing the amplitude of each voltage, the voltage change gradient can be changed, so that the edge direction of the prism rotates.

Example 32:

the embodiment 32 of the present invention adopts the optical device in the embodiment 2 to simulate, in which the voltages in the formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in the embodiment 2, and the voltage of each electrodeThe parameters are as follows: f. of₁＝f₂＝f₃＝f₄＝1kHz，

V₁＝V₂＝3V，V₃＝V₄When the effective voltage distribution in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time is prismatic according to the expression (1-39), the liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time is subjected to analog simulation by the expression (1-8), and the distribution diagram of equipotential lines in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device is shown in fig. 54. Taking the y coordinate equal to 2.5mm, calculating V corresponding to each x coordinate in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device at the moment by the formula (1-39)_rmsValue, each V_rmsThe value versus x-coordinate is shown in fig. 56.

Example 33:

the embodiment 33 of the present invention adopts the optical device in the embodiment 2 for simulation, voltages in the formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) are respectively applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode of the optical device in the embodiment 2, and the voltage parameters of each electrode are: f. of₁＝f₂＝f₃＝f₄＝1kHz，

V₁＝V₂＝4V，V₃＝V₄At 8V, the liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time was subjected to analog simulation by the expression (1-8), and the effective voltage distribution in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device at this time was prismatic as shown in fig. 55. Taking the y coordinate equal to 2.5mm, calculating V corresponding to each x coordinate in the liquid crystal layer of the optical device at the moment by the formula (1-39)_rmsValue, each V_rmsThe value versus x-coordinate is shown in fig. 56.

As can be seen from fig. 56, V in the liquid crystal layers of the optical devices of examples 32 and 33_rmsThe values are distributed in a zigzag shape along the x-axis direction, and since the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules is determined by the driving voltage, the optical devices in examples 32 and 33 also have a prism shape identical to the zigzag shape.

As can be seen from FIGS. 54 and 55, when the liquid crystal optical device is usedThe four terminal voltage frequency of piece all is the same, and the effective voltage distribution in the optical device liquid crystal layer is the prism, can make the liquid crystal molecule refracting index be prism form distribution, then the utility model discloses embodiment 10 in the optical device be a prism. As can be seen from fig. 54 to 56, when the edge direction (slope) of the optical device (prism) is fixed, the distance between two adjacent equipotential lines is reduced by controlling the amplitude of each voltage to be expanded in an equal proportion, so as to realize the change of the base angle γ of the optical device (prism), where γ in fig. 56₁Is the base angle, γ, of the optical device (prism) in example 32₂The base angle of the optical device (prism) in example 33.

The optical device, the imaging device, the zoom driving method and the lens center moving method of the optical device provided by the present invention are described in detail above, and specific examples are applied herein to explain the principles and embodiments of the present invention, and the descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, to the general technical personnel in this field, according to the utility model discloses an idea, all can have the change part on concrete implementation and application scope, to sum up, this description content only is the utility model discloses an embodiment, does not consequently restrict the utility model discloses a patent scope, all utilize the equivalent structure or the equivalent flow transform that the content of the description and the attached drawing did, or directly or indirectly use in other relevant technical fields, all the same reason is included in the utility model discloses a patent protection scope. And should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims

1. An optical device comprises a first electrode layer, a first alignment layer, a liquid crystal layer, a second alignment layer and a second electrode layer arranged in sequence along a light-transmitting direction,

2. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein the optical device is an elliptical lens, and the alternating voltages obtained on the first, second, third and fourth electrodes satisfy:

3. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein the optical device is a cylindrical lens, and the alternating voltages obtained on the first, second, third and fourth electrodes satisfy:

4. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein the optical device is a prism, and the frequencies of the ac voltages obtained on the first, second, third and fourth electrodes are equal.

5. An optical device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the light-passing aperture is rectangular in shape.

6. The optical device of claim 5, wherein the rectangle is square.

7. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein a first protective layer is further disposed between the first electrode layer and the first alignment layer, and a second protective layer is further disposed between the second electrode layer and the second alignment layer.

8. The optical device according to claim 1 or 7, wherein a first substrate is arranged on a side of the first electrode layer facing away from the first alignment layer in the light passing direction, and a second substrate is arranged on a side of the second electrode layer facing away from the second alignment layer in the light passing direction.

9. The optical device according to claim 8, wherein along the light-passing direction, a projection of the first electrode end along the light-passing direction extends to an outside of the first substrate, and a projection of the second electrode end along the light-passing direction extends to an outside of the first substrate; one end of the third electrode extends to the outside of the second substrate along the projection of the light passing direction, and one end of the fourth electrode extends to the outside of the second substrate along the projection of the light passing direction.

10. An imaging apparatus, characterized in that it comprises an optical device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.