CN210323583U - Near-eye display based on holographic waveguide - Google Patents
Near-eye display based on holographic waveguide Download PDFInfo
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- CN210323583U CN210323583U CN201920886620.8U CN201920886620U CN210323583U CN 210323583 U CN210323583 U CN 210323583U CN 201920886620 U CN201920886620 U CN 201920886620U CN 210323583 U CN210323583 U CN 210323583U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a near-eye display based on holographic waveguide, include: the light source array comprises an optical waveguide, and array light sources, an in-coupling optical element, a reflective spatial light modulator and an out-coupling optical element which are arranged on two sides of the optical waveguide; the array light source and the in-coupling optical element are positioned on the opposite side of the optical waveguide; the opposite side of the out-coupling optical element is the human eye viewpoint position; the light emitted by the array light source is reflected by the in-coupling optical element, then irradiates the reflective spatial light modulator, is modulated by the reflective spatial light modulator, is reflected to the out-coupling optical element, and is guided out of the optical waveguide by the out-coupling optical element to enter human eyes; the reflective spatial light modulator is synchronized with a drive signal of the array light source. The utility model discloses a display structure can greatly reduce optical system's size, increases holographic imaging's angle of vision, promotes user's the experience effect of watching.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of near-to-eye display system, specifically be a near-to-eye display based on holographic waveguide of holographic light field augmented reality display technology based on optical waveguide.
Background
In recent years, many famous high and new technology companies at home and abroad are all strong in developing virtual reality and augmented reality technologies. However, most of the current near-eye display schemes project the image source content of the display system placed in the non-photopic distance into the pupil through some optical elements, such as free-form surface, optical lens, half-mirror, optical waveguide, etc. However, many challenges still exist in the current solution, such as miniaturization of device size, light weight, low power consumption of system, high resolution of image, real-time rendering, and most important visual comfort. In which a good viewing experience is essential in order to ensure that the user can use the device for a long time, but unfortunately none of the solutions is effective to solve all the above problems at the same time.
The holographic display is based on the principle of interference recording and diffraction reproduction of light waves, and can provide all depth clues and motion parallax information required by human eyes, so that visual fatigue caused by the conflict of monocular focusing and binocular convergence is avoided, and the holographic display is considered to be an ideal true three-dimensional display technology. However, due to the limitation of the display principle, the problems of serious resolution loss, small field angle, complicated optical path and the like are caused, and the imaging quality of the scheme is poor, so that the application and popularization to the commercial market are difficult.
Chinese patent publication No. CN105487170A discloses a holographic optical waveguide, and belongs to the technical field of augmented reality and virtual reality. The optical coupler comprises a flat optical waveguide, and an optical coupling-in end and an optical coupling-out end which are respectively arranged at two ends of the flat optical waveguide; the optical coupling-in end reflects the received light rays to enable the reflected light rays to meet the total reflection condition, the reflected light rays are transmitted to the optical coupling-out end after being totally reflected for multiple times between two reflecting surfaces of the flat optical waveguide, and the received light rays are diffracted and emitted by the optical coupling-out end; the optical coupling-out end is a holographic grating; the holographic grating is a polarization holographic liquid crystal grating and comprises a transparent substrate, a light orientation layer and a liquid crystal layer which are sequentially arranged, wherein polarization holographic patterns with periodic structures are recorded on the light orientation layer. The invention also discloses a holographic optical waveguide display device. The invention uses the polarization holographic liquid crystal grating as the optical coupling-out end of the holographic optical waveguide, theoretically, the diffraction efficiency can reach 100 percent, and simultaneously, the zero-order wave can be inhibited and the conjugate image can be eliminated. However, the display device has a serious loss of resolution and a small field angle, and cannot provide a good viewing experience.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at the problem that prior art exists, provide a near-eye display based on holographic waveguide, can greatly reduce optical system's size, increase holographic imaging's angle of vision promotes user's the experience effect of watching.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a holographic waveguide based near-eye display comprising: the light source array comprises an optical waveguide, and array light sources, an in-coupling optical element, a reflective spatial light modulator and an out-coupling optical element which are arranged on two sides of the optical waveguide; the array light source and the in-coupling optical element are positioned on the opposite side of the optical waveguide; the opposite side of the out-coupling optical element is the human eye viewpoint position; the light emitted by the array light source is reflected by the in-coupling optical element, then irradiates the reflective spatial light modulator, is modulated by the reflective spatial light modulator, is reflected to the out-coupling optical element, and is guided out of the optical waveguide by the out-coupling optical element to enter human eyes; the reflective spatial light modulator is synchronized with a drive signal of the array light source.
Specifically, the array light source is a programmable light emitting unit array; the array light source comprises a micro LED array, a laser light source array, a liquid crystal display system or an OLED display system;
the light-emitting units at any position on the array light source can be independently turned on or turned off;
the array light source is a monochromatic light source or a white light source.
Specifically, the reflective spatial light modulator is a reflective phase-type spatial light modulator or a reflective amplitude-type spatial light modulator.
Further, when the light emitting unit at a certain position in the array light source is lighted, the array light source may synchronously send a driving signal to the reflective phase type spatial light modulator, and the modulator may synchronously display the corresponding phase diagram.
If the reflection-type spatial light modulator is a reflection-type amplitude spatial light modulator, and when a light-emitting unit in the array light source is lightened in a time division multiplexing mode, amplitude modulation images are synchronously displayed on the modulator; the human eye positions form multi-viewpoint light field convergence, so that three-dimensional light field display is realized.
Specifically, the incoupling optical element is a holographic optical element, a diffractive optical element or a wedge-shaped reflecting mirror surface attached to the surface of the optical waveguide; the wavelength selectivity of the holographic optical element can be utilized to realize the color holographic effect by utilizing a spatial multiplexing mode.
Specifically, the outcoupling optical element is a holographic optical element attached to the surface of the optical waveguide, and is configured to guide the light modulated by the reflective spatial light modulator out of the optical waveguide or condense the light while guiding out of the optical waveguide.
Further, the out-coupling optical element is a simple function holographic optical element or a complex function holographic optical element; if the out-coupling optical element is a simple function holographic optical element, the out-coupling optical element is used for guiding the light modulated by the reflection type spatial light modulator out of the optical waveguide and entering human eyes; if the out-coupling optical element is a complex function holographic optical element, the function of the out-coupling optical element is to guide light out of the optical waveguide and also to have the convergence function of a positive lens.
Specifically, the out-coupling optical element adopts a holographic optical element with a certain angular bandwidth, and can effectively increase the area of the exit pupil by matching with the array light source, so that the field angle is increased.
Specifically, the optical waveguide is a flat plate structure or a bent structure.
Specifically, the array light source and the reflective spatial light modulator are positioned on the same side or different sides of the optical waveguide; the incoupling optical element and the reflective spatial light modulator are positioned on the same side or different sides of the optical waveguide; the outcoupling optical element is located on the same side or on the opposite side of the optical waveguide from the reflective spatial light modulator.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that: (1) the utility model can greatly reduce the size of the optical system by attaching the array light source and the reflection-type spatial light modulator to the optical waveguide device, and provide technical support for the miniaturization of wearable equipment; (2) the utility model adopts the array light source to effectively increase the field angle of holographic imaging, thereby improving the viewing experience effect of users; (3) the utility model adopts synchronous drive signal control between the reflection-type spatial light modulator and the array light source, when the light-emitting units at different positions in the array light source are lightened, the array light source can synchronously send a drive signal to the reflection-type spatial light modulator; when the reflection-type spatial light modulator is an amplitude-type spatial light modulator, the light-emitting units in the array light source are lightened in a time division multiplexing mode, and multi-view light field convergence is formed at the pupil position, so that three-dimensional light field display is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a near-eye display based on a holographic waveguide according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic light path diagram of a near-eye display based on a holographic waveguide according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of an optical waveguide structure with a curved surface structure in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an in-coupling optical element of the present invention in embodiment 1, which is a wedge-shaped reflective cambered surface;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the synchronous signal transmission between the light source array and the reflective spatial light modulator according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a light path corresponding to the first light-emitting unit in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of a light path corresponding to the second light emitting unit in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. an optical waveguide; 2. an array light source; 3. an incoupling optical element; 4. a reflective spatial light modulator; 5. an out-coupling optical element; 6. the human eye; 7. a first light emitting unit; 8. an eyepiece; 9. a light field convergence point of a first viewpoint; 10. a second light emitting unit; 11. the light field convergence point of the second viewpoint.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments, not all embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a near-eye display based on a holographic waveguide, including: an optical waveguide 1, and an array light source 2, an incoupling optical element 3, a reflective spatial light modulator 4, and an outcoupling optical element 5 disposed on both sides of the optical waveguide 1; the array light source 2 and the in-coupling optical element 3 are positioned on the opposite side of the optical waveguide 1; the opposite side of the out-coupling optical element 5 is the viewpoint position of the human eye 6; the light emitted by the array light source 2 is reflected by the in-coupling optical element 3, then irradiates the reflective spatial light modulator 4, is modulated by the reflective spatial light modulator 4, is reflected to the out-coupling optical element 5, and is guided out of the optical waveguide 1 by the out-coupling optical element 5 to enter human eyes 6; the reflective spatial light modulator 4 is synchronized with the drive signal of the array light source 2.
Specifically, the array light source 2 is a programmable light emitting unit array; the array light source 2 can be a micro LED array, a laser light source array, a liquid crystal display system or an OLED display system;
the light emitting units at any position on the array light source 2 can be independently turned on or off;
the array light source 2 is a monochromatic light source or a white light source.
Specifically, the reflective spatial light modulator 4 is a reflective amplitude type spatial light modulator, and is used for loading a projection subgraph;
the reflective amplitude type spatial light modulator and the programmable light emitting units arranged in the array are driven by a synchronous signal, when the light emitting units at different positions in the array light source 2 are lightened, the amplitude type spatial light modulator can display corresponding projection subgraphs, and different projection subgraphs correspond to information of target objects at different viewpoints.
Specifically, the optical waveguide 1 is a flat plate structure, and a schematic diagram of an optical path in the optical waveguide 1 is shown in fig. 2;
optionally, the optical waveguide 1 may also adopt a curved surface structure as shown in fig. 3, so as to adapt to a specific viewing scene.
Specifically, the incoupling optical element 3 is a holographic optical element attached to the surface of the optical waveguide 1 or a nanoscale diffraction grating;
specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the incoupling optical element 3 may also be a holographic optical element with a wedge-shaped reflective curved surface structure, and the holographic optical element with the wedge-shaped reflective curved surface structure may improve the coupling efficiency of the incoupling optical element 3.
Specifically, the outcoupling optical element 5 is a holographic optical element attached to the surface of the optical waveguide 1, and guides the light modulated by the reflective spatial light modulator 4 out of the optical waveguide 1 and into the human eye 6.
The outcoupling optical element 5 is a compound type holographic optical element having a combination of a mirror and a convex lens, and a human eye 6 can directly view on the opposite side of the outcoupling optical element 5 as shown in fig. 2.
The holographic optical elements have certain angular bandwidth, and can increase the area of an exit pupil, so that the field angle of holographic imaging is increased.
Specifically, the array light source 2 and the reflective spatial light modulator 4 are located on the same side or different sides of the optical waveguide 1; the incoupling optical element 3 and the reflective spatial light modulator 4 are positioned on the same side or different sides of the optical waveguide 1; the outcoupling optical element 5 is located on the same side or on the opposite side of the optical waveguide 1 as the reflective spatial light modulator 4.
The display principle of the embodiment is as follows: when the control circuit of the light source array gives a light source signal to light the light-emitting unit at the corresponding position in the light source array, the light source signal synchronously enables the display control circuit to send a display signal, so that the reflective amplitude type spatial light modulator displays a projection sub-graph corresponding to a viewpoint; when the light emitting units in the array are lighted, other light emitting units are in a closed state, light rays emitted by the light emitting units pass through the in-coupling optical element 3, after the light rays are totally reflected for a plurality of times in the waveguide at an angle theta, the light rays irradiate onto the reflective amplitude type spatial light modulator to be modulated and reflected, at the moment, the light rays carry projection subgraph related information of a viewpoint, and after the light rays are totally reflected for a plurality of times, the light rays irradiate onto the out-coupling optical element 5 (a composite holographic optical element with a combination of a reflector and a convex lens) to be converged and guided out of the optical waveguide 1, and a light field is formed at the position of a human; and if the refresh rate is high enough, the light field convergence at the position of the human eyes 6 can be considered as a light field transmitted by the human eyes at the same time, and complete light field information can be reconstructed on the retina.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 5 to 7, the present embodiment provides a near-eye display based on a holographic waveguide, which is different from the above embodiment 1 in that the out-coupling optical element 5 is a simple-function holographic optical element having only a mirror function, and in this case, an eyepiece 8 needs to be added in front of a human eye 6 in the optical system; the human eye 6 is looking behind the eyepiece 8.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, when the first light emitting unit 7 emits light, the reflective amplitude type spatial light modulator will display a projection subgraph of the first viewpoint; when the light carrying the relevant information of the projection subgraph of the first viewpoint is totally reflected for a plurality of times by the optical waveguide 1, the light irradiates an out-coupling optical element 5 (a simple functional holographic optical element only having the function of a reflector) and is led out of the optical waveguide 1 to form an optical field, the optical field is converged by an ocular lens 8, and an optical field convergence point 9 of the first viewpoint is formed at the position of a human eye 6; similarly, when the second light-emitting unit 10 emits light, the reflective amplitude type spatial light modulator will display a projection subgraph of the second viewpoint; the light field convergence point 11 of the second viewpoint will eventually also be formed at the position of the human eye 6.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A holographic waveguide based near-eye display comprising: the light source array comprises an optical waveguide, and array light sources, an in-coupling optical element, a reflective spatial light modulator and an out-coupling optical element which are arranged on two sides of the optical waveguide; the array light source and the in-coupling optical element are positioned on the opposite side of the optical waveguide; the opposite side of the out-coupling optical element is the human eye viewpoint position; the light emitted by the array light source is reflected by the in-coupling optical element, then irradiates the reflective spatial light modulator, is modulated by the reflective spatial light modulator, is reflected to the out-coupling optical element, and is guided out of the optical waveguide by the out-coupling optical element to enter human eyes; the reflective spatial light modulator is synchronized with a drive signal of the array light source.
2. The holographic waveguide-based near-eye display of claim 1, in which the arrayed light source is a programmable array of light emitting cells; the array light source comprises a micro LED array, a laser light source array, a liquid crystal display system or an OLED display system;
the light-emitting units at any position on the array light source can be independently turned on or turned off;
the array light source is a monochromatic light source or a white light source.
3. The holographic waveguide based near-eye display of claim 1, in which the reflective spatial light modulator is a reflective phase-type spatial light modulator or a reflective amplitude-type spatial light modulator.
4. The holographic waveguide-based near-eye display of claim 1, in which the incoupling optical element is a holographic optical element, a diffractive optical element, or a wedge-shaped mirror surface adhered to a surface of the optical waveguide.
5. The holographic waveguide-based near-eye display of claim 1, wherein the out-coupling optical element is a holographic optical element attached to a surface of the light guide to direct light modulated by the reflective spatial light modulator out of the light guide or to converge light while being directed out of the light guide.
6. The holographic waveguide based near-eye display of claim 1, in which the optical waveguide is a slab structure or a curved structure.
7. The holographic waveguide-based near-eye display of claim 1, in which the arrayed light source is located on the same side or opposite side of the optical waveguide as the reflective spatial light modulator; the incoupling optical element and the reflective spatial light modulator are positioned on the same side or different sides of the optical waveguide; the outcoupling optical element is located on the same side or on the opposite side of the optical waveguide from the reflective spatial light modulator.
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| CN201920886620.8U CN210323583U (en) | 2019-06-13 | 2019-06-13 | Near-eye display based on holographic waveguide |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110275303A (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-09-24 | 句容福芯电子有限公司 | Near-eye display based on holographical wave guide |
| WO2022032985A1 (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2022-02-17 | 上海慧希电子科技有限公司 | Optical element and system, and optical device |
| WO2023220301A1 (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2023-11-16 | Meta Platforms Technologies, Llc | Balancing external light and generated image light in displays |
| US11846774B2 (en) | 2021-12-06 | 2023-12-19 | Meta Platforms Technologies, Llc | Eye tracking with switchable gratings |
-
2019
- 2019-06-13 CN CN201920886620.8U patent/CN210323583U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110275303A (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-09-24 | 句容福芯电子有限公司 | Near-eye display based on holographical wave guide |
| WO2022032985A1 (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2022-02-17 | 上海慧希电子科技有限公司 | Optical element and system, and optical device |
| US11846774B2 (en) | 2021-12-06 | 2023-12-19 | Meta Platforms Technologies, Llc | Eye tracking with switchable gratings |
| WO2023220301A1 (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2023-11-16 | Meta Platforms Technologies, Llc | Balancing external light and generated image light in displays |
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