CN210322745U - Measure single device with soil frictional force of plant - Google Patents
Measure single device with soil frictional force of plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN210322745U CN210322745U CN201920879629.6U CN201920879629U CN210322745U CN 210322745 U CN210322745 U CN 210322745U CN 201920879629 U CN201920879629 U CN 201920879629U CN 210322745 U CN210322745 U CN 210322745U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a technical field is measured in the plant mechanics, especially relates to a measure single and soil frictional force's of plant device. Comprises a soil pressure simulation device, a special plant root fixture and a tensile testing machine; the soil pressure simulation device comprises a column barrel and a piston, soil is placed in an inner cavity of the column barrel, the piston presses the soil, and the piston applies pressure to the soil to adjust the soil pressure; plant root one end is placed in soil, and the other end is fixed on planting root special fixture, and the special fixture of planting root is cliied to tensile test machine top anchor clamps, and tensile test machine bottom anchor clamps clip soil pressure analogue means. The utility model is used for simulate the friction state at single plant and soil interface under the different soil pressure condition, the frictional force at the two interface of accurate measurement. The utility model has the advantages of being simple in structure and convenient in operation, experimental success rate is high.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a technical field is measured in the plant mechanics, especially relates to a measure single and soil frictional force's of plant device.
Background
The friction characteristic of the plant root system and the soil interface is an important mechanical parameter of a root-soil complex, is a decisive factor of the shear resistance of the root-soil complex, and is important basic data for the research of the excavation and the shearing science of the plant root system in the field of agricultural engineering, the development of devices and the research of soil stabilization and slope protection of plants in the field of civil engineering. Therefore, accurate measurement of the friction between the plant root system and the soil interface is extremely important and essential.
At present, there are two methods and devices for measuring the interfacial friction characteristics of plant roots and soil. Agro-engineering report 2015, 31 (13): 149-156 published a article of direct shear friction test and numerical simulation of root and soil interface of Salix psammophila, which describes the use of ZJ-type strain control direct shear apparatus, the lower box of the shear box is embedded into a plastic block with root adhered on the surface, the root surface is flush with the upper surface of the lower box, the upper box is placed with a soil sample, and the root axis direction is consistent with the shear direction, so as to simulate the stress condition of root-soil separation when the plant root is pulled. The problems of the method and the device are that: (1) the ZJ-type strain control direct shear apparatus is used for measuring the shear strength of soil, is not a special apparatus for measuring the friction force or the friction characteristic between a plant root and a soil interface, and cannot truly reflect the friction condition between a single plant and the soil interface; (2) plant roots need to be split and unfolded when being wet, the roots are sequentially adhered to the circular plastic blocks without overlapping by using all-purpose adhesive, but the roots cannot be guaranteed to be fully distributed on the circular plastic blocks due to the irregular shape structures of the roots in actual operation, and the operability of the process is poor.
CN 104132888A discloses a root soil root system frictional force measuring device. The problems with this device are: (1) the measurement of the friction force and the friction characteristic of the plant root and the soil interface under the actual soil pressure cannot be realized without a pressure regulating device; (2) the structure is complicated, the operation is inconvenient, and the force measuring precision of the self-made measuring device can not be ensured.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the utility model provides a device for measuring the friction force between single plants and soil. The device is used for simulating the friction state of a single plant and a soil interface under different soil pressures and accurately measuring the friction force of the two interfaces.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a device for measuring the friction force between a single plant and soil comprises a soil pressure simulation device, a special plant root fixture and a tensile testing machine; the soil pressure simulation device comprises a column barrel and a piston, soil is placed in an inner cavity of the column barrel, the piston presses the soil, and the piston applies pressure to the soil to adjust the soil pressure; plant root one end is placed in soil, and the other end is fixed on the special fixture of plant root, and the special fixture of plant root is cliied to tensile test machine top anchor clamps, and the soil pressure analogue means is cliied to tensile test machine bottom anchor clamps.
The soil pressure simulation device also comprises a push rod, a round platform, a clamping cylinder, a guide fixing bolt connecting assembly and a balance weight; one end of the push rod is connected with the piston, the other end of the push rod is connected with the round platform, and the clamping cylinder is fixedly connected to the round platform; the column barrel bottom is equipped with the reason platform, and the circle platform passes through direction fixing bolt coupling assembling with the reason platform to be connected, and the counter weight is placed at the reason bench.
The column barrel is barrel-shaped, the top end face of the column barrel is provided with a through hole, the bottom of the column barrel is provided with an opening, and a circular edge platform is arranged around the opening.
The guide fixing bolt connecting assembly comprises a bolt, an upper nut and a lower nut; the bolt passes round platform and reason platform in proper order, fixes on the reason platform through upper nut and lower nut.
The special plant root fixture comprises a bearing metal plate and a reinforcing metal plate; the bearing metal plate is fixed on one side of the plant roots, the reinforcing metal plate is fixed on the other side of the plant roots, and the bearing metal plate is connected with the reinforcing metal plate through bolts.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
(1) the utility model discloses be equipped with soil pressure analogue means, realize that soil pressure changes through the increase and decrease counter weight, simulate the friction state of single plant and soil interface under the different soil pressure condition.
(2) The utility model discloses be equipped with the special fixture that is applicable to the plant root, avoid the root test piece because of the conquassation fracture that the clamping-force too big leads to.
(3) The utility model discloses a tensile testing machine is as measuring force device, but accurate measurement frictional force.
(4) The utility model has the advantages of being simple in structure and convenient in operation, experimental success rate is high.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the soil pressure simulation device of the present invention (a moving state of the column barrel);
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the soil pressure simulation device of the present invention (in a fixed state of the column barrel);
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the clamp special for plant roots of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-tensile testing machine 2-tensile testing machine top clamp 3-plant root special clamp 4-plant root 5-soil pressure simulation device 6-tensile testing machine bottom clamp 7-column barrel 8-soil 9-piston 10-counterweight 11-guiding fixing bolt connecting assembly 12-upper nut 13-lower nut 14-bolt 15-push rod 16-round platform 17-clamping cylinder 18-bearing metal plate 19-reinforced metal plate 20-first fixing bolt 21-second fixing bolt
Detailed Description
The following further illustrates the embodiments of the present invention, but is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention:
example (b):
as shown in figure 1, the device for measuring the friction force between a single plant and soil comprises a soil pressure simulation device 5, a special fixture 3 for plant roots and a tensile testing machine 1. The tensile testing machine 1 is an existing product, a commercial electronic universal tensile testing machine is adopted, and the tensile testing machine is provided with a top clamp 2 and a bottom clamp 6.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the soil pressure simulation device 5 includes a column barrel 7, a piston 9, a push rod 15, a guide fixing bolt connecting assembly 11 (4 groups in total), a circular platform 16, a clamping cylinder 17 and a counterweight 10.
The internal diameter of post bucket 7 is 30mm, and the wall thickness is 8mm, and the height is 200mm, and there is the marginal platform of diameter 140mm thickness 8mm in the lower opening department of post bucket 7, and soil 8 places in post bucket 7 inner chamber, and the last bottom surface of post bucket 7 is opened has the through-hole of diameter 8mm, and plant root 4 inserts the soil 8 in the post bucket 7 through this through-hole, constitutes root soil complex form.
The piston 9 moves in the inner cavity of the column barrel 7 to apply pressure to soil 8 in the column barrel 7, and the piston 9 is connected with the push rod 15 through welding. The upper surface of the circular platform 16 is connected with the push rod 15 through welding, and the lower surface of the circular platform 16 is connected with the clamping cylinder 17 through welding.
The counter weight 10 is the inside diameter 45mm thickness 20mm height 30 mm's metal block, adjusts the pressure that the piston 9 applyed to the soil 8 of post bucket 7 inner chamber through the quantity of increase and decrease counter weight 10, and the counter weight 10 is placed on the upper surface of post bucket 7 border platform.
The guide fixing bolt connecting assembly 11 comprises an M6 bolt 14, an M6 upper nut 12 and an M6 lower nut 13, a screw rod of the M6 bolt 14 penetrates through a through hole of the circular platform 16 and a through hole of the column barrel 7 edge platform, the upper nut 12 and the lower nut 13 on the bolt 14 are respectively positioned on the upper surface and the lower surface of the column barrel 7 edge platform, a certain gap is reserved between the upper nut 12 and the lower nut 13 on the bolt 14 and the upper surface and the lower surface of the column barrel 7 edge platform respectively, the through hole of the column barrel 7 edge platform can freely move up and down along the screw rod of the bolt 14, and the guide fixing bolt connecting assembly 11 plays a role in axial guide.
As shown in fig. 3, when the relative positions of the barrel 7 and the piston 9 are determined, the upper nut 12 is screwed down from top to bottom to contact the upper surface of the rim of the barrel 7, the lower nut 13 is screwed down from bottom to top to contact the lower surface of the rim of the barrel 7, and the guide fixing bolt connecting assembly 11 functions to fix the relative positions of the barrel 7 and the piston 9.
As shown in FIG. 4, the root-planting jig 3 includes a bearing metal plate 18, a reinforcing metal plate 19, a first fixing bolt 20 of M2 and a second fixing bolt 21 of M2, wherein the bearing metal plate 18 has a size of 50mm in length, 25mm in width and 6mm in thickness and is made of 45 steel, and the reinforcing metal plate 19 has a size of 25mm in width, 25mm in thickness and 6mm in thickness and is made of 45 steel.
The clamping mode of the plant root 4 is as follows: firstly, 4 plants are bonded to the bearing metal plate 18 through 502 glue, the contact length is ensured to be more than 20mm, and the thickness of the colloid is ensured to be more than 2 mm; then, the reinforcing metal plate 19 is adhered to the other side of the plant root 4 by 502 glue, the reinforcing metal plate 19 is kept parallel to the bearing metal plate 18, the glue thickness is more than 2mm, the reinforcing metal plate 19 is connected with the bearing metal plate 18 through the M2 first fixing bolt 20 and the M2 second fixing bolt 21, and the tightness of the M2 first fixing bolt 20 and the M2 second fixing bolt 21 is reasonably controlled. Through the mode, the plant roots 4 can be effectively prevented from being crushed by the metal test piece clamp or being broken due to stress concentration in the measuring process.
As shown in fig. 1, a tensile testing machine 1 is a commercial electronic universal tensile testing machine, and a tensile testing machine top clamp 2 and a tensile testing machine bottom clamp 6 are wedge type clamps of the electronic universal tensile testing machine. The top clamp 2 of the tensile testing machine clamps the bearing metal plate 18 of the special plant root clamp 3, and the bottom clamp 6 of the tensile testing machine clamps the clamping cylinder 17 of the soil pressure simulation device 5. Finally, the tensile testing machine 1 pulls the plant roots 4 out of the soil 8 at a constant speed, and the friction force of the interface between the plant roots 4 and the soil 8 is measured.
The utility model discloses be equipped with soil pressure analogue means 5, realize that soil pressure changes through the increase and decrease counter weight, simulate the friction state of single plant and soil interface under the different soil pressure circumstances. The utility model discloses be equipped with the special fixture that is applicable to the plant root, avoid the root test piece because of the conquassation fracture that the clamping-force too big leads to. The utility model discloses a tensile testing machine 1 is as measuring force device, but accurate measurement frictional force. The utility model has the advantages of being simple in structure and convenient in operation, experimental success rate is high.
The above, only be the concrete implementation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art is in the technical scope of the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and the utility model, the concept of which is equivalent to replace or change, should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a measure single and soil frictional force's of plant device which characterized in that: comprises a soil pressure simulation device, a special plant root fixture and a tensile testing machine; the soil pressure simulation device comprises a column barrel and a piston, soil is placed in an inner cavity of the column barrel, the piston presses the soil, and the piston applies pressure to the soil to adjust the soil pressure; one end of the plant root is placed in the soil, the other end of the plant root is fixed on a special plant root fixture, the special plant root fixture is clamped by a top fixture of a tensile testing machine, and the soil pressure simulation device is clamped by a bottom fixture of the tensile testing machine;
the soil pressure simulation device also comprises a push rod, a round platform, a clamping cylinder, a guide fixing bolt connecting assembly and a balance weight; one end of the push rod is connected with the piston, the other end of the push rod is connected with the round platform, and the clamping cylinder is fixedly connected to the round platform; the bottom of the column barrel is provided with a flange platform, the round platform is connected with the flange platform through a guide fixing bolt connecting assembly, and a balance weight is placed on the flange platform;
the column barrel is barrel-shaped, the top end face of the column barrel is provided with a through hole, the bottom of the column barrel is provided with an opening, and a circular edge platform is arranged around the opening.
2. The device for measuring the friction force of a plant root to soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the guide fixing bolt connecting assembly comprises a bolt, an upper nut and a lower nut; the bolt passes round platform and reason platform in proper order, fixes on the reason platform through upper nut and lower nut.
3. The device for measuring the friction force of a plant root to soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the special plant root fixture comprises a bearing metal plate and a reinforcing metal plate; the bearing metal plate is fixed on one side of the plant roots, the reinforcing metal plate is fixed on the other side of the plant roots, and the bearing metal plate is connected with the reinforcing metal plate through bolts.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920879629.6U CN210322745U (en) | 2019-06-12 | 2019-06-12 | Measure single device with soil frictional force of plant |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920879629.6U CN210322745U (en) | 2019-06-12 | 2019-06-12 | Measure single device with soil frictional force of plant |
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| CN210322745U true CN210322745U (en) | 2020-04-14 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110160954A (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2019-08-23 | 辽宁科技大学 | A kind of single device and method with soil frictional force of measurement plant |
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2019
- 2019-06-12 CN CN201920879629.6U patent/CN210322745U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110160954A (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2019-08-23 | 辽宁科技大学 | A kind of single device and method with soil frictional force of measurement plant |
| CN110160954B (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2024-02-27 | 辽宁科技大学 | Device and method for measuring friction force between plant single element and soil |
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