CN2103047U - Cubic curve shaped seal head - Google Patents

Cubic curve shaped seal head Download PDF

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Publication number
CN2103047U
CN2103047U CN 91201622 CN91201622U CN2103047U CN 2103047 U CN2103047 U CN 2103047U CN 91201622 CN91201622 CN 91201622 CN 91201622 U CN91201622 U CN 91201622U CN 2103047 U CN2103047 U CN 2103047U
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end socket
curve
section
point
median surface
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周明波
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a shape of a cubic curve-shaped end socket with shallow depth and more reasonable stress, which is easier to manufacture and can be used for a container with higher pressure.
The middle surface of the end socket is formed by taking a smooth curve formed by tangency of a cubic curve and an arc as a rotating curve, and the first curvature radius and the second curvature radius of each point of the middle surface of the end socket on a parallel circle where the tangent point is located are equal to the radius of the arc. The size and shape of the head is determined only by the coefficients of the cubic curve and the diameter of the head. The ratio of the height to the diameter of the seal head is within the range of 0.18-0.25. When the end socket and the cylinder are connected in equal thickness, no edge force or edge bending moment exists. The height of the straight edge section of the end socket is 5-15 mm.

Description

Cu shaped form sealed head
The utility model is a kind of Cubical Curved Head of design, and this end socket depth as shallow is made easily, and stressed more reasonable, is more suitable in making the higher container of pressure.
In existing end socket, ellipsoidal head is stressed more reasonable, but still there is a marginal force, and the normal ellipsoidal head degree of depth is darker, the height of end socket is h/D=0.25 with the ratio of diameter, in addition because the existence of edge stress must have higher diameter limit height (25～50mm), this just makes end socket shape comparatively difficulty, and manufacture cost is also high; Hemispherical head is stressed more reasonable, but still has marginal force and edge moment, moreover, because the degree of depth is darker, shape more difficult; Sphere shape end socket and dished (torispherical) head manufacturing are simple, but stressed quite uneven.There are reasons such as edge stress in above-mentioned several end socket because the degree of depth is dark and unbalance stress, and the manufacturing of end socket and use are restricted.
Task of the present utility model is a kind of Cubical Curved Head of design.This end socket depth as shallow, the height of end socket can be in 0.18～0.25 scope with the ratio h/D of diameter, shape easily, and it is stressed more reasonable, an evenly continuous variation of membrane stress is when end socket is connected with cylindrical shell, as long as end socket equates with the wall thickness of cylindrical shell, marginal force and edge moment all equal zero, and the distortion of end socket and cylindrical shell is also coordinated naturally.On the other hand, because Cubical Curved Head does not have marginal force and edge moment, straight section also can be lacked, general 5～15mm, and this just makes the actual height of Cubical Curved Head littler with the ratio of diameter.
The utility model is achieved in that the curve that forms the end socket shape is the curve that is connected in a certain way by cube curve and circular arc, is the surface of revolution that rotating curve pivots and forms with this curve, is the Cubical Curved Head curved surface.Cube curve (y=ax 3) adopt one section that starts from initial point, and tangent with circular arc, and the end socket curved surface is equated in first and second radius of curvature at place, point of contact, and equal the radius of circular arc.Because the first curvature radius of cube curve at the initial point place is infinitely great, just equate with the first curvature radius of cylindrical body, therefore with cube curve at the coordinate points of initial point boundary point as end socket, its stressed and distortion is with the stressed of cylindrical body and be out of shape and can both well coordinate.Like this, Cubical Curved Head and cylindrical body be at the fillet place, because stress condition is identical, therefore, when cylindrical shell equates with the end socket wall thickness, also with regard to the problem that do not have marginal force and edge moment.In the joint of circular arc with cube curve, owing to the first curvature radius of cube curved portion curved surface at the place, point of contact equates with radius of second curvature, and equal the radius of circular arc, therefore, in the stressed and distortion also very coordination of circular arc with the joint of cube curve.The size of end socket and shape only are by end socket diameter D and cube curve (y=ax 3) coefficient a decision, the ratio of the height of end socket and diameter also is only by this two parameters decisions.So, as long as suitably select a and D, the degree of depth h/D that just can control end socket is in 0.18～0.25 scope, owing to do not have marginal force and edge moment, error when therefore the selection of straight section height only need be considered the end socket manufacturing is to guarantee the shape at end socket edge.So the height of selection straight section is 5～15 millimeters and gets final product.So the end socket depth as shallow shapes also than being easier to.During manufacturing,, be easy to die forming as long as make the mould tire by the shape of desired Cubical Curved Head.It is stressed rationally and the end socket depth as shallow, shape easy purpose so just to have reached end socket.Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the sectional arrangement drawing of the concrete structure of Cubical Curved Head that the utility model proposes.
Fig. 2 is the sectional arrangement drawing of Cubical Curved Head median surface, also is the schematic diagram that the explanation Cubical Curved Head forms.
Fig. 3 represents the warp-wise power N of each point on the Cubical Curved Head φ
Fig. 4 represents the peripheral force N of each point on the Cubical Curved Head θ
Referring to Fig. 1, BO is the straight section part, OP is a cube curved portion, PA is a circular arc portion, constitute the complete Cubical Curved Head in ground by BO, OP, three sections toroidal shells of PA and be stamped into one, among the figure: LL ' is the symmetry axis of end socket, and h, D are respectively the end socket median surface and (annotate: the height median surface explained later) and diameter, h/D=0.18～0.25, h OBe the height of head skirt section, h 0=5～15 millimeters, the actual height overall of end socket is h '=h+h 0, S is the wall thickness of end socket.B ', O ', P ' are respectively the symmetric points of B, O, P.
1, the formation of cube curved end socket
Referring to Fig. 2, in the xOy rectangular coordinate system, LL ' is the axis that is parallel to the x axle, and curved section OP is a cube curve y=ax 3Start from a section of initial point O, curved section PA is that radius is R, and center of circle M drops on one section circular arc on the axis LL '.OP section cube curve and PA section circular curve are tangent at the P point, and making curve A PO is one section smooth curve.Curved section APO rotates a circle around axis LL ' and forms the median surface of a rotary shell, and this rotary shell (referring to Fig. 1) is Cubical Curved Head.So-called median surface is exactly and the equidistant curved surface of housing inner and outer surface, promptly shown in the dot and dash line OPAP ' O ' among Fig. 1, straight section BO(B ' O ' among Fig. 1) median surface in Fig. 2, do not mark.In Fig. 2, PP ' is curve y=ax 3At the tangent line that P is ordered, the angle of itself and x axle is α, PK 2Be the normal that curve is ordered at P, the intersection point of normal and axis LL ' is K 2, angle is φ, PK 2Be the radius of second curvature r of median surface at P point place 2, PC is perpendicular to axis LL ', and D is the diameter of end socket, and h is the height of end socket, establishes x, y and is respectively abscissa and the y coordinate that P is ordered.Wherein, D, h, x, y, r 1, r 2, R equal length unit if no special instructions, all is unit with rice.And the unit of a is: 1/ meter 2Because y=ax 3, so dy/dx=y '=3ax is arranged 2, y " and=6ax can get following relation by Fig. 2:
φ＝π／2－α
tgα＝y′＝3ax 2
r 1＝ ((l +y＇ 2) 1.5)/(｜y＇＇｜)
∴r 1＝（1＋9a 2x 4） 1.5／（6ax） （1－1）
r 2＝PK 2＝（D／2－y）／Sinφ＝（D／2－y）／Cosα
∵Cosα＝1／（1＋tg 2α） 0.5＝1／（1＋9a 2x 4） 0.5
∴r 2＝ (D／2－y)/(Cosα) ＝（D／2－ax 3）（1＋9a 2x 4） 0.5（1－2）
2, the P point coordinates determines
The P point coordinates is to determine like this: make cube first curvature radius that the part median surface of curve OP formation is ordered at P equate with radius of second curvature, i.e. r 1=r 2, like this by cube curved surface that curve OP forms (being median surface) just can with the formed sphere of circular arc PA (another part median surface) on the parallel circle at P point place well transition be connected.
∵ r 1=r 2, ∴ gets formula (1-1) and (1-2) substitution:
（D／2－ax 3）（1＋9a 2x 4） 0.5＝ (（1＋9a 2x 4） 1.5)/(6ax)
Abbreviation gets: 15a 2x 4-3aDx+1=0 (1-3)
Wherein, a, D are coefficients undetermined.
Can push away card by (1-3) formula: as long as Da 0.5〉=1.15112, the equation that formula (1-3) is determined must be separated, and two positive real root x are only arranged 1, x 2, x 1＜x 2, get higher value x 2As separating of equation, i.e. x=x 2, again by y=ax 3Solve y, therefore, as long as a, D are certain, the P point has also just been determined.
3, determining of the radius of arc R of formation sphere:
Choose median surface that the radius R of PA section circular arc and OP section cube curve forms first curvature radius r at P point place 1And radius of second curvature r 2Equate, i.e. R=r 1=r 2, the center K of first, second radius of curvature that the housing that such cube of curve forms is ordered at P 1, K 2The point, just overlap with the center of circle M of circular curve, no matter so in the radial line direction or at weft direction, the sphere that forms by cube surface of revolution that curved section OP forms and PA section circular arc can both be level and smooth be connected, and the variation that first curvature radius and radius of second curvature on the both sides, joint all do not have jump type, promptly first and second radius of curvature of Cubical Curved Head median surface change to spherical radius R incessantly, continuously.So, the median surface of Cubical Curved Head, be by circular curve AP be tangential on cube curved section APO that curve OP is fitted to that P orders and rotate formed surface of revolution around axle LL ', first and second radius of curvature of the each point on the curved surface on the parallel circle of P point place all equate, and equal the radius R by the formed sphere of circular arc AP.Parallel circle is to do to cut the circle of formation perpendicular to the plane of running shaft LL ' mutually with median surface by the P point.
4, the ratio h/D of the height of end socket and diameter:
∵ works as x=x 2The time,
R＝r 1＝r 2＝（1＋9a 2x 4 2）／（6ax 2）
y＝ax 3 2
Can get by Fig. 2:
h＝AC＋x＝x＋（R－r 2Sinα）
D＝2（y＋CP）＝2（y＋r 2Cosα）
∵Sinα＝tgα／（1＋tg 2α） 0.5
＝3ax 2／（1＋9a 2x 4） 0.5
∴h＝x＋R－r 2Sinα
＝x 2＋ (（1＋9a 2x 2 4） 1.5)/(6ax 2) －（1＋9a 2x 4 2）x 2／2 （1－4）
D＝2（y＋r 2Cosα）
＝2（ax 3 2＋ (1+9a 2x 4 2)/(6ax 2) ） （1－5）
∴ (h)/(D) ＝ (［1+(3ax 2 2) 2］ 1.5-(3ax 2 2) 3+3ax 2 2)/(2［5(3ax 2 2) 2/3+1］)
Again ∵ y ' (p)=3ax 2 2
∴ make t=y ' (p)=3ax 2 2
Then the h/D formula turns to:
(h)/(D) ＝ ((l+t 2) 1.5-t 3+t)/(2(5t 2/3+1)) （1－6）
So the ratio h/D of the height of end socket and diameter is the function of cube curve derivative of order at P just, and P point is only determined by a and D, and therefore, the size of whole end socket and shape also are to be determined by a and D.As long as whenever choose one group of a and D, the size of end socket and shape are just definite fully.
Through pushing away card: work as Da 0.5=5～8 o'clock, h/D was in 0.25～0.18 scope.
5, stressed and the distortion simple analysis
Membrane (shell) theory with revolutional shell is carried out stressed and deformation analysis to Cubical Curved Head.
According to theory of thin shell, when the pressure of suffered gas was constant pressure P, the suffered radial force of shell was: N φ=Pr 2/ 2,
Peripheral force is: N θ=N φ(2-r 2/ r 1)
The warp-wise strain is: ε φ=(1-2u+ur 2/ r 1) N φ/ (ES)
Circumferential strain is: ε θ=(2-u-r 2/ r 1) N φ/ (ES)
E is the Young's modulus of material
U is the Poisson's Ratio of material
S is the wall thickness of housing
(1) by the formed spherical shell part of circular arc:
∵r 1＝r 2＝R
∴N φ＝Pr 2／2＝PR／2 （1－7a）
N θ＝N φ（2－r 2／r 1）＝N φ＝PR／2 （1－7b）
ε φ＝（1－2u＋ur 2／r 1）N φ／（ES）
＝（1－u）PR／（2ES） （1－7c）
ε θ＝（2－u－r 2／r 1）N φ／（ES）
＝（1－u）PR／（2ES） （1－7d）
(2) by y=ax 3Cube curve housing parts that forms: it on arbitrarily first and second radius of curvature of any by formula (1-1) with (1-2) determine:
∵r 1＝（1＋9a 2x 4） 1.5／（6ax）
r 2＝（D／2－ax 3）（1＋9a 2x 4） 0.5
∴N φ＝ (Pr 2)/2 ＝ (P)/2 （ (D)/2 －ax 3）（1＋9a 2x 4） 0.5（1－8a）
N θ＝N φ（2－ (r 2)/(r 1) ）＝N φ［2－ (6ax(D/2-ax 3))/(1+9ax 4) ］ （1－8b）
ε φ＝ (Nφ)/(ES) （1－2u＋u (r 2)/(r 1) ）＝ (N φ)/(ES) ［1－2u＋u (6ax(D/2-ax 3))/(1+9ax 4) ］ （1－8c）
ε θ＝ (Nφ)/(ES) （2－u－ (r 2)/(r 1) ）＝ (N φ)/(ES) ［2－u－ (6ax(D/2-ax 3))/(1+9a 2x 4) ］ （1－8d）
Know by (1-8) is various: the stressed and distortion of cube curved portion housing, all with x(0≤x≤x 2) continuous variation.
Can roughly draw the radial force N of each point on the Cubical Curved Head by formula (1-7a, b) and (1-8a, b) φWith peripheral force N θSize, as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4.
(3) cube curve and the circular arc stressed and distortion of (being the each point on the parallel circle at P point place) in the joint:
First and second radius of curvature that cube curve is ordered at P equates, and equals radius of arc R, promptly works as x=x 2The time, satisfy r 1=r 2=R 1Get by (1-8) is various:
N φ＝Pr 2／2＝PR／2
N θ＝N φ（2－r 2／r 1）＝N φ
ε φ＝ (N φ)/(ES) （1－2u＋u (r2)/(r1) ）
＝ (N φ)/(ES) （1－u）＝ (PR)/(2ES) （1－u）
ε θ＝ (N φ)/(ES) （2－u－ (r 2)/(r 1) ）
＝ (N φ)/(ES) （1－u）＝ (PR)/(2ES) （1－u）
More than various and (1-7) various contrast as can be known: the each point of cube curved portion housing on the parallel circle at tie point P place and spherical shell partly force-bearing situation and be out of shape identical.
Therefore, there is not the problem of stress and distortion flip-flop in the each point on the parallel circle at tie point P place, and promptly by cube curving into circular arc, its stress and distortion are continuously, change incessantly.
(4) end socket is at the marginal force and the edge moment of boundary (being x=0)
When end socket links to each other with cylindrical body, the border of end socket is x=0, and x=0 substitution (1-8) is various:
N φ＝PD／4
N θ＝PD／2
ε φ＝（1－2u）PD／（4ES）
ε θ＝（2－u）PD／（4ES）
More than various respectively with the formula of cylindrical body stressed under normal pressure P effect and distortion identical (consulting the Yu Guocong chief editor of " pressure vessels for the chemical industry and equipment " University Of Tianjin).Therefore, as long as end socket equates that with the wall thickness of cylindrical body Cubical Curved Head and cylindrical body just can fit like a glove at the stressed of fillet place and distortion, have not just had marginal force and edge moment.
(5) as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4: the maximum radial force N of end socket φOccur in the land portions that radius is R, its value is N φ=PR/2; Maximum peripheral force N θBe the grater among the PD/2 of the PR/2 of land portions and edge section, as get K=R/D, when K＜1, the maximum stress on the end socket occurs on the end socket edge, and the wall thickness formula of end socket is identical with cylinder to be S=PDi/(2 ［ σ ］ φ-P); When K＞1, the maximum stress on the end socket occurs in the each point on the parallel circle at the land portions of end socket and P point place, and the wall thickness of end socket is:
S=KPDi/(2 ［ σ ］ φ-KP), Di is the internal diameter of end socket in the formula, and φ is the weld joint efficiency of end socket.By the checking computations proof, work as Da 0.5=5～8 o'clock, K=R/D=(0.95～1.268), corresponding h/D=0.25～0.18, the stressed size of land portions each point at this moment is with the peripheral force N with the diameter circle cylindrical shell θComparing, be its 0.95～1.268 times, and end socket height h is 0.994～0.72 times of the normal ellipsoidal head height, if consider straight side length, the actual height h ' of Cubical Curved Head will be littler with the ratio h '/D of diameter so.Because the straight side length of Cubical Curved Head is 5～15 millimeters, and the straight side length of normal ellipsoidal head is 25～50 millimeters.
6, following the utility model is illustrated for example:
If manufacture and design a diameter is 1 meter Cubical Curved Head, can follow these steps to carry out:
(1) determine a:
Get Da 0.5=5.4
∵D＝1（m），∴a＝29.16（1／m 2）
With a, D substitution equation (1-3):
15a 2x 4－3aDx＋1＝0
12754.584x 4－87.48x＋1＝0
Solve x 1=0.01143(m) x 2=0.186023(m)
x 1Too near from initial point, the value of the end socket h/D that is determined by it is too big, approaches very much hemispherical head, therefore with x 1Cast out, only consider by x 2The end socket of determining.
(2) determine the position that P is ordered
With x=x 2=0.186023 substitution y=ax 3Get y=0.1877(m)
∴ P point is confirmed as: P(0.1860,0.1877)
(3) radius of arc R and P first and second radius of curvature r of ordering 1, r 2:
r 1＝r 2＝R＝（1＋9a 2x 4 2） 1.5／（6ax 2）＝0.9956（m）
(4) the high h of end socket
t＝y′（P）＝3ax 2 2＝3.0272
T substitution (1-6) formula is calculated:
h／D＝0.23626
∴h＝0.236（m）
(5) formation of end socket:
The median surface of this end socket is by cube curve y=29.16x that starts from initial point 3(m), with the circular arc of radius R=0.9956(m) at P(0.1860,0.1877) curve of the tangent formation of point, wind from 0.5 meter on x axle, and the axis LL ' (referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2) that is parallel to the x axle rotates formed surface of revolution.The diameter of end socket is D=1m, and height is h=0.236m, as gets the high h of straight section of end socket 0=0.01m, then the actual height h ' of end socket=h+0.01=0.246(m).And diameter is the actual height of 1 meter normal ellipsoidal head be: h '=0.25+(0.025～0.05)=0.275～0.3m, so being the actual height of 1 meter Cubical Curved Head, diameter only is 0.82～0.89 times with the normal ellipsoidal head actual height of diameter, it is 0.89～0.98 times of standard dished (torispherical) head actual height, be that actual grade is also more shallow than the standard dished (torispherical) head degree of depth, so a punching press Cubical Curved Head is also easier than standard dished (torispherical) head of punching press.
(6) effect force analysis: establish end socket and be subjected to normal pressure P(MPa)
Because K=R/D=0.9956, so the suffered maximum, force of end socket is a peripheral force
N θ=PD/2=0.5P(MPam) occur in the end socket edge, and equate with peripheral force with the diameter cylinder.
The land portions radial force and the peripheral force of end socket are 0.4978P(MPam).
So,, just can obtain the end socket median surface of different sizes and shape as long as provide the class value of different a and D.Table 1 is Da 0.5The variant parameter value of=5～8 o'clock end sockets.
Referring to table 1 as can be known: (1) works as Da 0.5One regularly, and the radius of curvature R of the abscissa x that P is ordered, y coordinate y, end socket sphere and end socket height h are directly proportional with the diameter D of end socket.(2) the ratio of height to diameter h/D of end socket and R/D are Da 0.5Function.
Figure 912016221_IMG2

Claims (7)

1, a kind of curved section APO that becomes with PA section curve fitting with OP section curve is around the median surface of the end socket housing of axis LL ' rotation formation, and it is characterized in that: running shaft LL ' is parallel to the x axle, and OP section curve is a cube curve y=ax 3, PA section curve is a circular curve, OP section cube curve and PA section circular curve are tangent at the P point.
2, by the end socket median surface of claim 1 defined, it is characterized in that: OP section cube curve y=ax 3Be to start from a section of initial point O, and with initial point O as the boundary point that forms the end socket median surface.
3, by the end socket median surface of claim 1 regulation, it is characterized in that: by the first curvature radius r of the each point of the formed end socket median surface of cube curved section OP on the parallel circle at P place, point of contact 1With radius of second curvature r 2All equate, i.e. r 1=r 2
4, by the end socket median surface of claim 1 or 3 regulations, it is characterized in that: rotate the spherical radius R that forms by PA section circular curve and equate, be i.e. R=r with first curvature radius or the radius of second curvature that P is ordered 1=r 2
5, by the end socket median surface of claim 1 or 4 regulations, it is characterized in that: by the diameter D and cube curve y=ax of end socket 3Coefficient a can determine the size and the shape of end socket and Da fully 0.5Value in 5～8 scopes.
6, by the end socket median surface of claim 5 defined, it is characterized in that: separate for two that are determined by formula (1-3), bigger that of peek value separated x 2Finally separate x as what determine end socket median surface shape.
7, by the end socket median surface of claim 1 or 5 defineds, it is characterized in that: ratio h/D=0.18～0.25 of the high h of end socket and diameter D.
CN 91201622 1991-01-27 1991-01-27 Cubic curve shaped seal head Granted CN2103047U (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 91201622 CN2103047U (en) 1991-01-27 1991-01-27 Cubic curve shaped seal head

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 91201622 CN2103047U (en) 1991-01-27 1991-01-27 Cubic curve shaped seal head

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CN2103047U true CN2103047U (en) 1992-04-29

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102062558A (en) * 2011-03-01 2011-05-18 无锡市鑫盛换热器制造有限公司 Special-shaped groove seal head for heat exchanger
CN102700870A (en) * 2011-10-11 2012-10-03 国家核电技术有限公司 Seal head module, large container and method for manufacturing seal head module and large container
CN103353296A (en) * 2013-07-07 2013-10-16 浙江大学 Cold pressing head deformation quantity predicating method based on deformation-induced martensite phase transformation
CN104896090A (en) * 2014-03-05 2015-09-09 宜兴市九洲封头锻造有限公司 Novel dished head and production system thereof
CN111250935A (en) * 2020-03-10 2020-06-09 宜兴市九洲封头锻造有限公司 High-strength square end socket processing technology

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102062558A (en) * 2011-03-01 2011-05-18 无锡市鑫盛换热器制造有限公司 Special-shaped groove seal head for heat exchanger
CN102700870A (en) * 2011-10-11 2012-10-03 国家核电技术有限公司 Seal head module, large container and method for manufacturing seal head module and large container
WO2013053300A1 (en) * 2011-10-11 2013-04-18 国家核电技术有限公司 Head module, large-scale container and method for manufacturing the both
CN102700870B (en) * 2011-10-11 2014-05-07 国家核电技术有限公司 Seal head module, large container and method for manufacturing seal head module and large container
GB2510288A (en) * 2011-10-11 2014-07-30 State Nuclear Power Technology Corp Ltd Head module, large-scale container and method for manufacturing the both
GB2510288B (en) * 2011-10-11 2017-05-17 State Nuclear Power Tech Corp Ltd Head module, large-scale container and methodS for manufacturing the same
US10748666B2 (en) 2011-10-11 2020-08-18 State Nuclear Power Technology Corporation Ltd. Head module, large-scale container and method for manufacturing the both
CN103353296A (en) * 2013-07-07 2013-10-16 浙江大学 Cold pressing head deformation quantity predicating method based on deformation-induced martensite phase transformation
CN103353296B (en) * 2013-07-07 2016-01-13 浙江大学 Cold stamping end socket is based on the deformation quantity Forecasting Methodology of deformation-induced martensitic transformation
CN104896090A (en) * 2014-03-05 2015-09-09 宜兴市九洲封头锻造有限公司 Novel dished head and production system thereof
CN111250935A (en) * 2020-03-10 2020-06-09 宜兴市九洲封头锻造有限公司 High-strength square end socket processing technology

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