CN210296509U

CN210296509U - Air-cooled ultra-light fuel cell anode plate

Info

Publication number: CN210296509U
Application number: CN201921783983.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周利; 洪有陆; 邵志刚; 于诚溢; 李松
Original assignee: Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of CAS
Current assignee: Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of CAS
Priority date: 2019-10-23
Filing date: 2019-10-23
Publication date: 2020-04-10
Anticipated expiration: 2029-10-23

Abstract

The utility model discloses an air-cooled ultra-light fuel cell anode plate belongs to fuel cell technical field. The anode plate is made by stamping a thin metal plate, two ends of the stamped metal plate are provided with gas public pipelines, the middle area part is provided with a gas flow field, the anode plate and the membrane electrode are sealed to form a fuel gas channel, and the periphery of the anode plate and the membrane electrode can be sealed by glue line pressing or bonding. Because the anode plate of the fuel cell is an ultrathin metal plate and the stamping and welding processes are simple, the manufacturing and subsequent assembly processes are relatively simple, the method is very suitable for large-scale processing and manufacturing, reduces the cost and is practically applied. The utility model discloses the quality specific power and the volume specific power that improve the pile have further.

Description

Air-cooled ultra-light fuel cell anode plate

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of fuel cell, concretely relates to super light-duty fuel cell anode plate of forced air cooling.

Background

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) are low-noise, high-energy-conversion-efficiency, zero-emission power generation devices that can be started quickly at room temperature. The proton exchange membrane fuel cell can be used for a mobile power supply, a portable power supply, an aviation power supply, a vehicle power supply, a fixed power station and the like, can meet the power utilization requirements of multiple fields, and is one of the fuel cells closest to practical application.

The bipolar plate is one of the important components of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, plays an important role in separating an oxidant and a reducing agent, distributing fluid, collecting current, managing generated water and managing generated heat, and maintains the cell in a good working state. In a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, the conventional bipolar plates mainly include a graphite bipolar plate, a metal bipolar plate, a composite bipolar plate, and the like. The graphite bipolar plate and the composite bipolar plate have some factors which limit the application environment and improve the performance, for example, the graphite bipolar plate has poor shock resistance, cannot be made thinner, the assembly force is difficult to control, and the cost is high; although the composite bipolar plate has great improvement in mechanical strength, the composite bipolar plate is relatively complex to machine and assemble due to more adopted materials and parts, the mass specific power and the volume specific power are difficult to further improve, and the cost is difficult to further reduce. In contrast, the metal bipolar plate can be processed to be very light and thin, the mass specific power and the volume specific power are greatly improved, and meanwhile, the requirements of excellent conductivity, good heat transfer performance, high mechanical strength and the like can be met. And the polar plate is processed by stamping, so that the method is suitable for large-scale production and can strictly control the cost.

In air-cooled fuel cells, graphite bipolar plates are commonly used. In chinese patents 201510449567.1 and 201610333293.4, porous graphite plates (also porous metal plates) were used as the cathode plate to reduce the weight of the cathode plate. In chinese patent 201010217390.X, a raw material for preparing a graphite bipolar plate and a method for preparing a bipolar plate are described. Neither technique reduces the weight of the bipolar plate compared to the use of a thin metal plate for the bipolar plate. In the chinese patent 200710056414.6, an anode flow field plate and a cathode flow field plate (stainless steel plate is 0.1-0.2mm thick) are prepared by stamping technology, a light aluminum alloy is used as a support plate between an anode plate and a cathode plate, and the cathode plate is a square with a side length of 1.5mm or a semicircle with a radius of 0.75 mm. The anode flow field plate, the supporting plate and the cathode plate are directly overlapped and combined together and sealed by the sealing ring, so that the surface resistance is large, the weight is heavy, the structure is complex, and the device is not suitable for mass production. In the chinese patent 200820153416.7, the bipolar plate is composed of three parts, one is an anode flow field stamping plate (the thickness of the metal plate is 0.05-0.2mm), the other is a cathode flow field stamping plate, and a plastic member with holes, the anode flow field plate and the cathode flow field plate are connected together by welding or bonding, the plastic member and the anode flow field plate are connected together by welding, where the plastic member and the metal flow field plate can be welded together, which is difficult to be realized by the conventional technology, and the welding is not real, which can cause the hydrogen gas to be not sealed, and the hydrogen gas leaks. In the chinese patent 201611012620.2, a hydrogen side plate and an air flow field plate with a cambered cross-section are welded together, and then support bodies at two ends of the air flow field plate and the hydrogen side plate are bonded together to form a common pipeline for hydrogen, so that the structure is complex, and a colloid bonding technology is used at multiple places, and more technical guarantees are required to be provided in the aspects of sealing, service life, environmental adaptability and the like.

Due to the advantages of metal bipolar plates, their use is becoming more and more widespread. The more parts are used and the more types of materials are used, the higher the processing and assembling cost is, the higher the probability of problems in the processing, assembling and running processes is, the higher the subsequent maintenance and repair cost is, and the disadvantages of continuous running of the fuel cell are caused. The present invention has been made to overcome the above disadvantages.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides an air-cooled ultra-light fuel cell anode plate, its preparation material is thickness 0.03-1mm metal sheet, utilizes the mould punching press to obtain the anode plate to this anode plate makes up into bipolar plate with negative plate etc. again, can assemble into air-cooled fuel cell pile. Therefore, the utility model discloses an ultra-thin ultralight fuel cell anode plate can further reduce bipolar plate's processing cost, further improves the quality specific power and the volume specific power of fuel cell pile.

The utility model provides an air-cooled ultra-light fuel cell anode plate, anode plate 1 includes anode plate public conduit 2, anode flow field 3 and seal zone 4, anode plate 1's both ends are equipped with anode plate public conduit 2, and the middle zone is anode flow field 3, is seal zone 4 all around, anode plate 1's thickness is 0.03-1mm, and the material is titanium alloy or stainless steel.

Further, in the above technical solution, one surface of the anode flow field 3 is provided with a plurality of strip-shaped diversion trenches arranged in parallel, each diversion trench has a height of 0.4mm and a width of 1mm, and a distance between adjacent diversion trenches is 1 mm. Wherein the number of the diversion trenches is at least 3.

Further, among the above-mentioned technical scheme, be equipped with sealed pad 7 on the anode plate, sealed pad common piping 9 that is equipped with on sealed pad 7, sealed pad 7 simultaneously is equipped with air guide channel 8, air guide channel 8 is a plurality of parallel arrangement's strip guiding gutter, and sealed pad common piping 9 is sealed in the one end intercommunication of every guiding gutter, and other end intercommunication anode flow field 3, the air current direction in the air guide channel 8 is perpendicular with the air current direction of sealed pad common piping 9 of flowing through, sealed pad common piping 9 is the same with 2 shape sizes of anode plate common piping and corresponding setting. Wherein the number of the diversion trenches is at least 3.

Further, in the above technical solution, an air guide port 6 is arranged between the anode flow field 3 and the anode plate common pipe 2, and the air guide port 6 is parallel to the anode plate common pipe 2 and has the same length.

The utility model provides a preparation method of air-cooled ultra-light fuel cell anode plate, comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the steps of preparing an anode plate by stamping through a die, simultaneously stamping between a stamped public pipeline and an anode flow field to obtain a gas guide port, sealing and enclosing a sealing area of the anode plate and a membrane electrode by adopting a glue line pressing method or a bonding method to form a fuel gas channel, and sealing the public pipeline and the gas guide port through a sealing gasket with a built-in gas guide channel.

The utility model also provides a preparation method of forced air cooling ultra-light fuel cell anode plate, including following step:

and (2) preparing an anode plate by stamping through a die, stamping out a public pipeline and an anode flow field, directly extending the anode flow field to the public pipeline, and sealing and enclosing the sealing area of the anode plate and a membrane electrode by adopting a glue line pressing method or a bonding method to form a fuel gas channel.

According to the utility model discloses, this thin metal anode plate has following advantage:

1. the structure is simple, the processing and the manufacturing are easy, the large-scale production is suitable, and the cost is greatly reduced;

2. the process and requirements for assembling the galvanic pile are relatively simple, the consistency of the galvanic pile is improved, the ohmic impedance is reduced, and the performance of the battery is improved;

3. the bipolar plate is ultra-light and ultra-thin, the mass and the thickness of the bipolar plate are greatly reduced, the mass specific power of the galvanic pile is greatly improved, and the bipolar plate is the best choice for aviation power supplies and portable power supplies.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows an anode plate and a membrane electrode according to example 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an anode plate with gas guide openings according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a gasket with an air guide channel according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 shows the performance of the fuel cell according to example 1 of the present invention.

The schematic diagram illustrates, 1, an anode plate; 2. an anode plate common conduit; 3. an anode flow field; 4. a sealing region; 5. a membrane electrode; 6. an air guide port; 7. a gasket; 8. an air guide channel; 9. the gasket is sealed against the common conduit.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

Example 1

According to the figure 1, the air-cooled ultra-light dye battery anode plate comprises an anode plate public pipeline 2, an anode flow field 3 and a sealing area 4, wherein the anode plate 1 is made of stainless steel with the thickness of 0.05mm through stamping by a die. The two ends of the anode plate 1 are provided with gas anode plate public pipelines 2, the middle area part is provided with an anode flow field 3, one surface of the anode flow field 3 is provided with a plurality of (at least 3) strip-shaped diversion grooves which are arranged in parallel, the height of each diversion groove is 0.4mm, the width of each diversion groove is 1mm, and the distance between every two adjacent diversion grooves is 1 mm. The periphery of the anode plate 1 is a sealing area 4, and the sealing area 4 of the anode plate and a membrane electrode 5 are sealed and surrounded by adopting a glue line pressing method to form a fuel gas channel.

When the fuel gas generator is used, fuel gas enters the anode flow field through the public pipeline at one end and flows out of the public pipeline at the other end.

The 150-power-saving pile assembled by the anode plate has the current density of 0.7A/cm when the hydrogen partial pressure (gauge pressure) of the fuel is 0.05MPa and the air cooling heat dissipation is adopted at the room temperature of 20 ℃ and the relative humidity of 35 percent²The output power reaches 6.3kW, and the performance of the galvanic pile is shown in figure 4. The mass specific power is 900W/kg, which is far higher than 250W/kg of the graphite bipolar plate stack.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the air-cooled ultra-light fuel cell anode plate comprises an anode plate 1 and a sealing gasket 7, wherein the anode plate 1 is made of titanium alloy with the thickness of 0.9mm by stamping through a die. The two ends of the anode plate 1 are gas anodesThe plate public pipeline 2 is provided with an anode flow field 3 in the middle area, one surface of the anode flow field 3 is provided with a plurality of (at least 3) strip-shaped diversion grooves which are arranged in parallel, the height of each diversion groove is 0.4mm, the width of each diversion groove is 1mm, and the distance between every two adjacent diversion grooves is 1 mm. And simultaneously stamping between the anode plate common pipe 2 and the anode flow field 3 to obtain a gas guide port 6, wherein the periphery of the anode plate 1 is a sealing area 4, and the sealing area 4 and a membrane electrode 5 are sealed and enclosed by adopting a bonding method to form a fuel gas channel. As shown in fig. 3, still be equipped with sealed pad 7 on the anode plate, sealed pad common conduit 9 that is equipped with on sealed pad 7, sealed pad 7 simultaneously is equipped with air guide channel 8, air guide channel 8 is a plurality of (at least 3) parallel arrangement's strip guiding gutter, and sealed pad common conduit 9 is filled up in the one end intercommunication of every guiding gutter, and other end intercommunication anode flow field 3, the air current direction in the air guide channel 8 is perpendicular with the air current direction of the sealed pad common conduit 9 of flowing through, sealed pad common conduit 9 is the same with the anode plate common conduit 2 shape size and corresponding setting. The anode plate common pipeline 2 and the gas guide port 6 are sealed by using the sealing gasket 7, so that hydrogen is ensured to reach the anode flow field 3 from the common pipeline 2 through the gas guide channel 8 and the gas guide port 6, and excessive hydrogen and generated water are ensured to return to the anode plate common pipeline 2. The anode plate 1 is assembled into a 70-power-saving stack, and when the hydrogen partial pressure (gauge pressure) of fuel is 0.05MPa and air cooling heat dissipation is adopted at the room temperature of 25 ℃ and the relative humidity of 40 percent, the current density reaches 0.5A/cm²The output power reaches 2.4 kW. The mass specific power of the graphite bipolar plate is 950W/kg, which is far higher than 250W/kg of a graphite bipolar plate stack.

The ultra-thin metal stamping anode plate of the present invention is described above, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is only the specific embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, scaling, equivalent replacement or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An air-cooled ultra-light fuel cell anode plate is characterized in that: the anode plate (1) comprises an anode plate public pipeline (2), an anode flow field (3) and a sealing area (4), the anode plate public pipeline (2) is arranged at two ends of the anode plate (1), the anode flow field (3) is arranged in the middle area, the sealing area (4) is arranged at the periphery of the anode plate, the thickness of the anode plate (1) is 0.03-1mm, and the anode plate is made of titanium alloy or stainless steel.

2. The anode plate of claim 1, wherein: one surface of the anode flow field (3) is provided with a plurality of strip-shaped diversion trenches which are arranged in parallel, the height of each diversion trench is 0.4mm, the width of each diversion trench is 1mm, and the distance between every two adjacent diversion trenches is 1 mm.

3. The anode plate of claim 1, wherein: be equipped with sealed pad (7) on the anode plate, be equipped with sealed public pipeline (9) of pad on sealed pad (7), sealed pad (7) simultaneously is equipped with air guide channel (8), air guide channel (8) are a plurality of parallel arrangement's strip guiding gutter, sealed public pipeline (9) of one end intercommunication of every guiding gutter, other end intercommunication anode flow field (3), the air current direction in air guide channel (8) is perpendicular with the air current direction of flowing through sealed public pipeline (9), sealed public pipeline (9) of pad is the same with anode plate public pipeline (2) shape size and corresponding setting.

4. The anode plate of claim 1, wherein: an air guide port (6) is arranged between the anode flow field (3) and the anode plate common pipe (2), and the air guide port (6) is parallel to the anode plate common pipe (2) and has the same length.