CN210290013U

CN210290013U - External microwave defroster

Info

Publication number: CN210290013U
Application number: CN201920557153.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐宇; 谢存存
Original assignee: Baoding Huayi Wind Turbine Blade And Development Co ltd; Sino-Wind Energy Group Ltd
Current assignee: BAODING HUAYI WIND TURBINE BLADE AND DEVELOPMENT Co.,Ltd.; SINO-WIND ENERGY Group Ltd.; Weixian Zhongke Yuneng Technology Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2019-04-23
Filing date: 2019-04-23
Publication date: 2020-04-10
Anticipated expiration: 2029-04-23

Abstract

The utility model provides an external microwave defroster, external microwave defroster include moving mechanism and heating mechanism, heating mechanism sets up moving mechanism is last, make heating mechanism reciprocate along the outer wall of aerogenerator tower section of thick bamboo through moving mechanism, heating mechanism disposes extending arm and deformation arm, extending arm is used for near the arm propelling movement of will warping to the blade or takes out from the blade surface, be provided with camera and microwave emitter on the arm of warping, observe the icing condition on blade surface through the camera to open microwave emitter in good time and heat blade surface icing region, deicing process adopts top-down's deicing mode to make the deicing effect thorough, effectively guaranteed aerogenerator's in winter operation safety and operating efficiency.

Description

External microwave defroster

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to horizontal axis aerogenerator field relates to a defroster of horizontal axis aerogenerator blade, especially relates to an external microwave defroster.

Background

Wind energy has great development potential and value as a renewable clean energy source, and has received wide attention worldwide. A horizontal-axis wind turbine is a device that converts wind energy into electrical energy and is generally composed of three major parts, a rotor blade, a generator and a tower. When wind flows through the rotor blades with certain aerodynamic shapes, pressure difference is formed between the windward side and the leeward side of the blades, the blades are pushed to rotate around the central shaft, and the generator is driven to rotate and output electric energy. The aerodynamic shape of the blades directly influences the magnitude of thrust generated when wind flows through the blades, and further influences the power generation efficiency.

The wind driven generator operates in natural environment, and icing can occur on the surface of the blade in rainy and snowy weather in cold seasons. After the blade surface freezes, the aerodynamic shape can change, leads to the generating efficiency to reduce, increases blade and unit load simultaneously. When the icing amount is large, the machine even needs to be shut down to ensure the safety of the blades and the machine set, and the generating capacity and the income of the machine set are reduced.

For many years, deicing of the surface of a blade of a horizontal-axis wind turbine has been a hot point of industrial research. The following methods are more studied: 1) electric heating deicing, in which an electric heating material is generally laid on the front edge of a blade, and the effects of icing prevention and deicing are achieved by electrifying and heating; 2) air heating deicing is carried out, and hot circulating air is conveyed to heat a certain part or the whole body of a blade through a hot air blower in the blade to heat the blade; 3) ultrasonic deicing, namely arranging an ultrasonic transmitting device in the blade, and removing the ice coated on the surface of the blade through resonance; 4) removing ice on the surface of the blade by spraying a deicing agent on the surface of the blade; 5) the expansion method is used for deicing, an inflatable elastic bag is arranged at the front edge of the blade, and when the surface of the blade is frozen, the bag is inflated by inflating to crack ice blocks on the surface of the blade; 6) and (4) vibrating to remove ice, and shaking off ice blocks on the surfaces of the blades through the acceleration and deceleration rotation of the wind wheel.

The deicing device and the deicing method for the blade surface of the existing horizontal axis wind driven generator have the problems that the deicing effect is not ideal and the ice coating on the blade surface cannot be completely removed to a certain extent. Such as vibration deicing, it may be difficult to shake off ice by accelerating or decelerating the rotation of the rotor when the ice is firmly adhered to the blade surface, and in addition, ice may be shaken off only at a local position of the blade, and the blade surface may still have ice residue. For example, the ultrasonic deicing method is also difficult to realize deicing of the entire blade surface, and ice residue may be left after deicing. In addition, other deicing methods only remove local ice on the surface of the blade, such as electric heating deicing, and generally it is difficult to lay an electric heating material on the whole surface or inside the blade. And thus generally heats the leading edge region of the blade where icing is most likely to occur. The problem that only the front edge area of the blade is heated is that in cold weather, melted ice is changed into water and then flows to other areas of the blade to be frozen again, the effect of complete deicing is difficult to achieve, on the other hand, the electric heating material is only arranged on the front edge area of the blade, and the other areas of the blade cannot be deiced in an electric heating mode after being frozen. Electrical heating deicing, and also the problems to be considered are lightning protection and leading edge protection, and the erosion prevention of the leading edge of the blade can damage electrical heating materials, so that the effect of electrical heating deicing is difficult to maintain, and frequent maintenance is possibly required. The expansion method is also only suitable for deicing the leading edge surface of the blade, and ice in other areas of the blade cannot be removed in this way. Some deicing methods have high energy consumption and low deicing efficiency, for example, air heating deicing has low heat conductivity of composite materials forming the blades, hot circulating air is introduced into inner cavities of the blades, long time is required for transferring heat from the inner surfaces to the outer surfaces of the blades, and the heat utilization rate is low. However, if only the leading edge area of the blade is heated, the overall deicing effect of the blade cannot be achieved. In addition, the solvent method deicing needs manual operation or unmanned aerial vehicle operation, and the mode has high labor intensity, the deicing effect is difficult to ensure, and partial deicing agent pollutes the environment. Among these methods, the deicing systems provided inside the blades (such as electrical heating deicing, air heating deicing and ultrasonic deicing) are extremely inconvenient to maintain because they are inside the blades and may fail in case of failure.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Above-mentioned shortcoming and not enough to prior art, for the deicing effect who improves blade surface, deicing efficiency and energy utilization, the utility model aims at providing an external microwave defroster, make heating mechanism reciprocate along the outer wall of aerogenerator tower section of thick bamboo through moving mechanism, heating mechanism disposes extending arm and deformation arm, extending arm is used for near the arm propelling movement of will warping the blade or takes out from the blade surface, be provided with camera and microwave emitter on the arm of warping, observe the long-pending ice condition on blade surface through the camera, and open microwave emitter in good time and heat blade surface long-pending ice region, deicing process adopts top-down's deicing mode to make deicing effect thorough, effectively guaranteed aerogenerator's in winter operation safety and operating efficiency.

The utility model discloses a solve the technical scheme that its technical problem adopted and be:

an external microwave deicing device comprises at least one moving mechanism and a heating mechanism, and is characterized in that the moving mechanism comprises at least one annular carrier and a driving unit, wherein the annular carrier is arranged on the outer wall of a tower cylinder of a wind driven generator in a surrounding manner; the heating mechanism comprises two extending arms arranged on the outer wall of the annular carrier, the tail end of each extending arm is movably connected to the outer wall of the annular carrier, the front end of each extending arm is movably connected with a deforming arm, and the length and the angle of each extending arm relative to the outer wall of the annular carrier are adjustable; each deformation arm all includes a plurality of swing joint's platelike joint, and the angle between two adjacent platelike joints is adjustable, each set up camera and microwave emitter on the inner wall of platelike joint, when the camera detects that there is accumulated ice on the blade surface, microwave emitter heats the blade surface in order to melt the accumulated ice.

Preferably, a plurality of rows of rollers which are vertically arranged and the outer surface of which abuts against the outer wall of the tower cylinder are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the annular carrier along the circumferential direction, and the annular carrier can roll on the outer wall of the tower cylinder by means of the rollers and does not slide.

Preferably, the annular carrier comprises a plurality of arc-shaped carrier units which are movably connected in sequence, at least one row of rollers is arranged on the inner wall of each carrier unit, and when the mutually connected carrier units are closed, the two carrier units at two ends are mutually connected through a connecting piece to form the annular carrier.

Preferably, the annular carrier comprises two semicircular carrier units which are connected with each other through a hinge, at least two rows of rollers are arranged on the inner wall of each carrier unit, and the free ends of the two carrier units are connected with each other through a connecting piece to form the annular carrier.

Preferably, at least one driving unit is arranged in each carrier unit, and the driving unit is used for driving the roller rows on the carrier units to rotate forwards or backwards.

Preferably, the driving unit is a hoisting device arranged in a cabin of the wind driven generator, the hoisting device is connected with the annular carrier through a cable, and the hoisting device realizes the lifting of the annular carrier by winding and unwinding the cable.

Preferably, the stretching arm comprises a plurality of sections of barrel units which are sleeved with each other, wherein the tail end of the first section of barrel unit is hinged with the outer wall of the annular carrier, the rest sections of barrel units can be extended out or retracted from the first section of barrel unit in sequence, and the front end of the last section of barrel unit is provided with the deformation arm.

Preferably, at least one telescopic adjusting arm is arranged between the side wall of the first section of the barrel unit of each extending arm and the outer wall of the annular carrier, and the adjusting arm is used for adjusting the opening and closing angle between the extending arm and the outer wall of the annular carrier.

Preferably, among the plurality of plate-shaped joints of the deformation arm, a first plate-shaped joint is hinged to the front end of the stretching arm, the other adjacent plate-shaped joints are also connected with each other through hinges, and adjusting arms are arranged between the first plate-shaped joint and the stretching arm and between the adjacent plate-shaped joints, so that the angles between the first plate-shaped joint and the stretching arm and between the adjacent plate-shaped joints are adjustable.

Preferably, the radiation energy of each microwave emitting device is adjustable, the radiation energy is increased when the deposited ice observed by the camera is thick, and the radiation energy is reduced when the ice layer is thin.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses an external microwave defroster has apparent technical advantage: (1) compared with the prior air heating deicing system internally arranged in the blade, the external microwave deicing device does not increase the load of the blade and does not influence the structure and the performance of the blade, and the weight of the blade can be increased because a hot air blower and a path for air circulation are required to be arranged in the blade; the existing electric heating deicing system built in the blade is usually an electric heating film, which has certain influence on the internal structure of the blade, such as poor compatibility between the selected heating material and the blade body material, easy layering, and difficult lightning protection of the electric heating film, and if the electric heating system is not well treated, the electric heating system is easy to be damaged by lightning and fails; (2) compared with the prior deicing system internally arranged on the blades, if the deicing system fails, high-altitude operation equipment needs to be used for repairing in a wind field environment, so that the operation is inconvenient; (3) the utility model has the advantages that the external microwave deicing device can directly heat the surface of any icing position on the blade, compared with the existing air heating system built in the blade, the heating efficiency and the energy utilization rate are higher, and compared with the existing deicing system built in the front edge of the blade, the deicing range is wider and more thorough; (4) the utility model discloses an external microwave defroster, heating deicing process adopts the deicing mode from top to bottom, can make deicing effect more thorough, is favorable to guaranteeing the operation safety and the operating efficiency of aerogenerator in winter; (5) in the external microwave deicing device of the utility model, the microwave transmitting device is a main heating source, the microwave transmitting device in each plate-shaped joint can be opened and closed independently, and the microwave transmitting device near the icing area on the surface of the blade can be opened only during heating, so as to achieve the purpose of energy conservation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a prior art horizontal axis wind turbine;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of an external microwave deicing device for a wind turbine blade according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a moving mechanism in the external microwave deicing device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a heating mechanism in the external microwave deicing device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of an external microwave deicing device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention for deicing horizontal axis wind turbine blades;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of an external microwave deicing device according to embodiment 2 of the present invention for deicing horizontal axis wind turbine blades.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

As shown in fig. 1, the conventional horizontal axis wind turbine mainly comprises three major parts, namely a wind wheel, a nacelle 2 and a tower 3. The wind wheel is provided with 3

blades

11, 12 and 13, and the blades rotate around the central shaft under the pushing of wind power to drive the generator in the engine room 2 to rotate so as to realize the output of electric energy. The tower 3 mainly plays a supporting role. In the shutdown state, the control and transmission system in the nacelle 2 can drive the wind wheel to rotate.

For realizing the effective deicing to current horizontal axis aerogenerator blade surface to guarantee deicing effect, deicing efficiency and energy utilization, the utility model provides an external microwave defroster sees following embodiment 1, 2 in detail.

Example 1

As shown in FIGS. 2-5, the utility model discloses an external microwave defroster 4, including moving mechanism 410 and heating mechanism, heating mechanism sets up on moving mechanism. The moving mechanism 410 comprises at least one annular carrier and a driving unit, the driving unit is a motor arranged in the annular carrier, the annular carrier is arranged on the outer wall of the tower barrel of the wind driven generator in a surrounding mode, the driving unit is used for driving the annular carrier to move up and down along the outer wall of the tower barrel, specifically, the annular carrier comprises two semicircular carrier units 411 and 412 which are connected with each other through hinges, at least two rows of rollers 413 and 414 are arranged on the inner wall of each semicircular carrier unit 411 and 412, the rollers are driven by the motor in the carrier to rotate forwards or reversely, the opening and closing of the motor are adjusted by a moving mechanism control unit, the outermost layers of the rollers 413 and 414 are made of materials with high friction coefficients such as rubber, and the rollers 413 and 414 are guaranteed not to slide relative to the surface of the vertical tower barrel which is in contact. The two semicircular carrier units 411, 412 are connected at one end by a high strength hinge 415 and at the other end by a snap 416 to form a ring-shaped carrier after being clamped or bolted.

The heating mechanism comprises two extending arms 420 which are arranged on the outer wall of the annular carrier and are arranged adjacently, the tail end of each extending arm 420 is movably connected to the outer wall of the annular carrier, the front end of each extending arm 420 is movably connected with a deforming arm 430, each extending arm 420 comprises a plurality of sections of

cylinder units

421 and 422 which are mutually sleeved, the tail end of a first section of cylinder unit 421 is hinged with the outer wall of the annular carrier, a second section of cylinder unit 422 can extend out of or retract from the first section of cylinder unit 421, and the deforming arm 430 is arranged at the front end of a second section of cylinder unit 422. At least one telescopic adjusting arm 440 is disposed between the side wall of the first section of the cylinder unit 421 of each extending arm 420 and the outer wall of the annular carrier, the adjusting arm 440 is used to adjust the opening and closing angle between the extending arm 420 and the outer wall of the annular carrier, and the adjusting arm is preferably a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder. The above-mentioned structure of the extending arms 420 is arranged in a way that the length and the angle of each extending arm 420 relative to the outer wall of the annular carrier are adjustable, and the extending arms 420 enable the deforming arms to approach or depart from the wind driven generator blade through the adjustment of the length and the angle of the extending arms. As shown in fig. 4, each deformable arm 430 includes a plurality of plate-shaped joints 431 movably connected in sequence by a hinge 434, and an angle between two adjacent plate-shaped joints 431 is adjustable, at least one camera 433 and a microwave emitting device 432 are disposed on an inner wall of each plate-shaped joint 431, the camera 433 is preferably a camera, radiation energy of the microwave emitting device 432 is adjustable, the radiation energy is increased when accumulated ice observed by the camera 433 is thick, and the radiation energy is decreased when an ice layer is thin. Among the plurality of plate-shaped joints 431 of the deformable arm, a first plate-shaped joint is hinged to the front end of the extending arm 420, and the other adjacent plate-shaped joints are connected with each other through a hinge 434, and an adjusting arm (not shown) is arranged between the first plate-shaped joint and the extending arm and between each adjacent plate-shaped joint, so that the angle between the first plate-shaped joint and the extending arm and between each adjacent plate-shaped joint is adjustable, and the adjusting arm is preferably a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder.

The utility model discloses a horizontal axis aerogenerator blade is with external microwave defroster, its theory of operation is: and after the surface of the blade of the wind driven generator is frozen, rotating the blade to be deiced to a position vertical to the ground. Will the utility model discloses an on the aerogenerator tower section of thick bamboo was installed to external microwave defroster, specifically with its moving mechanism's annular carrier around the closed back locking of aerogenerator tower section of thick bamboo, make each gyro wheel and tower section of thick bamboo surface in close contact with, make the utility model discloses an external microwave defroster carries near tower section of thick bamboo top, nevertheless top-down carries out the deicing operation, at this in-process, through adjusting the length of extending arm and open the angle and through the extension state of adjusting the deformation arm, make each platelike joint press close to the blade surface. And in the downward moving process, observing the ice accumulation condition on the surface of the blade through the cameras on the plate-shaped joints, stopping downward moving when the ice accumulation condition on the surface of the blade is observed, heating the ice accumulation area through the microwave transmitting device until the ice accumulation is completely melted and the surface is dried, continuously moving downward, and removing all the ice accumulation from the root to the surface of the blade tip in the same way. After the deicing of the surface of a single blade is finished, the other two blades are respectively rotated to the position vertical to the ground by rotating the wind wheel, and then all accumulated ice on the surfaces of the blades is removed by adopting the same method.

Example 2

The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 mainly in the arrangement of the driving unit in the moving mechanism, and the rest of the structure is the same, as shown in fig. 6. In this embodiment, the driving unit is a hoisting device disposed in the nacelle of the wind turbine generator, the hoisting device is a hoisting motor 21 disposed in the nacelle of the wind turbine generator, the hoisting device is connected to the annular carrier through a cable, and the hoisting device realizes the lifting of the annular carrier by winding and unwinding the cable.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An external microwave deicing device comprises at least one moving mechanism and a heating mechanism, and is characterized in that the moving mechanism comprises at least one annular carrier and a driving unit, wherein the annular carrier is arranged on the outer wall of a tower cylinder of a wind driven generator in a surrounding manner; the heating mechanism comprises two extending arms arranged on the outer wall of the annular carrier, the tail end of each extending arm is movably connected to the outer wall of the annular carrier, the front end of each extending arm is movably connected with a deforming arm, and the length and the angle of each extending arm relative to the outer wall of the annular carrier are adjustable; each deformation arm all includes a plurality of swing joint's platelike joint, and the angle between two adjacent platelike joints is adjustable, each set up camera and microwave emitter on the inner wall of platelike joint, when the camera detects that there is accumulated ice on the blade surface, microwave emitter heats the blade surface in order to melt the accumulated ice.

2. The external microwave deicing device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of rows of rollers which are vertically arranged and whose outer surfaces abut against the outer wall of the tower are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the annular carrier along the circumferential direction, and the annular carrier can roll on the outer wall of the tower by means of the rollers without slipping.

3. The external microwave deicing device according to claim 2, wherein the annular carrier comprises a plurality of arc-shaped carrier units movably connected in sequence, at least one row of the rollers is arranged on the inner wall of each arc-shaped carrier unit, and when the arc-shaped carrier units connected with each other are closed, the two arc-shaped carrier units at two ends are connected with each other through a connecting piece to form the annular carrier.

4. The external microwave deicing device according to claim 2, wherein the annular carrier comprises two semicircular carrier units connected with each other through a hinge, at least two rows of the rollers are arranged on the inner wall of each semicircular carrier unit, and the free ends of the two carrier units are connected with each other through a connecting piece to form the annular carrier.

5. The external microwave deicing device according to claim 3, wherein at least one driving unit is disposed in each of the arc-shaped carrier units, and the driving unit is configured to drive the roller rows on the arc-shaped carrier units to rotate in forward or reverse directions.

6. The external microwave deicing device according to claim 2, wherein the driving unit is a winch device disposed in a nacelle of a wind turbine, the winch device is connected with the annular carrier through a cable, and the winch device achieves lifting of the annular carrier by winding and unwinding the cable.

7. The external microwave deicing device according to claim 1, wherein the extending arm comprises a plurality of sections of barrel units which are sleeved with each other, wherein the tail end of a first section of barrel unit is hinged with the outer wall of the annular carrier, the rest sections of barrel units can be extended out of or retracted back into the first section of barrel unit in sequence, and the front end of the last section of barrel unit is provided with the deformation arm.

8. The external microwave deicing device according to claim 7, wherein at least one retractable adjusting arm is disposed between the side wall of the first barrel unit of each extending arm and the outer wall of the annular carrier, and the adjusting arm is used for adjusting the opening and closing angle between the extending arm and the outer wall of the annular carrier.

9. The external microwave deicing device according to claim 1, wherein a first plate-shaped joint of the plurality of plate-shaped joints of the deformation arm is hinged to the front end of the extension arm, the other adjacent plate-shaped joints are connected with each other through hinges, and an adjusting arm is arranged between the first plate-shaped joint and the extension arm and between each adjacent plate-shaped joint, so that the angle between the first plate-shaped joint and the extension arm and between each adjacent plate-shaped joint is adjustable.

10. The external microwave deicing device according to claim 1, wherein the radiation energy of each microwave emitter is adjustable, and is increased when the accumulated ice observed by the camera is thick, and is decreased when the ice layer is thin.