White carbon black production wastewater treatment system
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a waste water treatment technical field especially relates to a white carbon black waste water treatment system.
Background
White carbon black is a general term for white powdery X-ray amorphous silicic acid and silicate products, mainly referring to precipitated silica, fumed silica and ultrafine silica gel, and also including powdery synthetic aluminum silicate, calcium silicate, and the like. The white carbon black is porous material, and its composition can be SiO2·nH2O represents, wherein nH2O is present in the form of surface hydroxyl groups. According to the production method, the method is mainly divided into precipitation method white carbon black and gas phase method white carbon black. The fumed silica is white amorphous flocculent semitransparent solid colloidal nano particles (the particle size is less than 100nm) in a normal state, is nontoxic and has a huge specific surface area. The fumed silica is completely nano silicon dioxide, the product purity can reach 99%, the particle size can reach 10-20 nm, but the preparation process is complex and the price is high; the precipitated silica is classified into conventional precipitated silica and special precipitated silica, the former is prepared from sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, and CO2The silicon dioxide produced by taking water glass as a basic raw material refers to the silicon dioxide produced by adopting a special method such as a supergravity technology, a sol-gel method, a chemical crystal method, a secondary crystallization method or a reversed-phase micelle microemulsion method. The precipitated white carbon black is mainly used as a reinforcing agent of natural rubber and synthetic rubber, a toothpaste friction agent and the like. The fumed silica is mainly used as a reinforcing agent, a coating and an unsaturated resin thickener of silicone rubber, and the ultrafine silica gel and the aerogel are mainly used as a coating matting agent, a thickener, a plastic film opening agent and the like.
The white carbon black is used as an environment-friendly auxiliary agent with excellent performance and is mainly used in the fields of rubber products (including high-temperature vulcanized silicone rubber), textiles, papermaking, pesticides and food additives. From the yield increase of the white carbon black 2014-cake 2018 in four years, the compound growth rate in four years is 11.3%. In 2019, China has more than 80 white carbon black production enterprises, the capacity is about 120 ten thousand tons, the yield is 80 ten thousand tons, and the China's yield and sales are the first place of the world. Due to the increasing demand in the fields of tire manufacturing industry, silicon rubber industry, coating industry, new energy and the like, the annual average demand growth speed of precipitated silica (silicon dioxide) in China is expected to be about 12% in the future. China accounts for 40% of Asian markets and will become the largest single market worldwide.
The main raw materials for producing the white carbon black by the precipitation method are quartz sand, calcined soda, industrial hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid or nitric acid or carbon dioxide. The process route is mainly as follows: the industrial water glass is prepared by reacting quartz sand with soda ash at high temperature by adopting fuel oil or high-quality coal, the industrial water glass is prepared into a dilute solution with a certain concentration by using water, then certain acid is added under a certain condition to precipitate silicon dioxide, and then the product white carbon black is prepared by cleaning, filtering, drying (drying or spraying) and crushing. The process can be known as follows: the production of white carbon black by precipitation method is basically an inorganic reaction process, because alkali and acid are used in the production process, the main component of waste water is salts attached by neutralization, and the most main salt is Na2SO4Others mainly contain K+、Na+、Mg2+、Na2Inorganic salts and solid insoluble and suspended substances of S plasma. The production process basically has no participation of organic matters, and the COD value of the wastewater is lower and is not the key point of treatment.
Aiming at the characteristics of the white carbon black wastewater, various treatment processes such as a multi-effect evaporation technology, a mechanical forced compression evaporation crystallization technology and the like can be adopted to realize the effective treatment of the white carbon black wastewater, the aim of zero emission treatment is finally achieved, the heat required in the wastewater treatment process is further recovered, and the comprehensive operation cost of the wastewater is reduced.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a white carbon black production wastewater treatment system to the membrane treatment technology is the core, and the crystallization technology is dissolved out in the coupling simultaneously, so as to reduce "zero release" of white carbon black production wastewater and handle investment and running cost.
The second purpose of the utility model is to provide a white carbon black production wastewater treatment process, the investment and the running cost are reduced.
The utility model discloses an one of the purpose adopts following technical scheme to realize:
a white carbon black production wastewater treatment system comprises a pretreatment system, a sludge drying device, a TMF system, a two-stage nanofiltration system, a reverse osmosis system, a solventing-out crystallization system, a solventing-out agent recovery system and an advanced oxidation system;
the pretreatment system comprises a neutralization tank and a concentration tank;
the TMF system comprises a TMF treatment pool and a TMF water production pool;
the two-section nanofiltration system comprises a first-section nanofiltration system and a second-section nanofiltration system;
the elution crystallization system comprises an elution crystallization reaction kettle and a centrifugal dehydration drying system;
the solventing-out agent recovery system comprises a crystallization mother liquor pool, a heating system and a pervaporation device;
the neutralization tank is provided with a white carbon black production mother liquid inlet; the neutralization tank, the concentration tank, the TMF treatment tank, the TMF water production tank, the first-stage nanofiltration system, the second-stage nanofiltration system, the elution crystallization reaction kettle and the centrifugal dehydration drying system are sequentially connected;
the concentration tank is connected with the sludge drying equipment;
the first-stage nanofiltration system and the second-stage nanofiltration system are both connected with the reverse osmosis system;
the dissolution crystallization reaction kettle and the centrifugal dehydration drying system are both connected with the crystallization mother liquor pool, and the crystallization mother liquor pool, the heating temperature-raising system and the pervaporation device are sequentially connected;
the pervaporation device, the advanced oxidation system and the neutralization tank are connected in sequence.
Further, the TMF treatment tank is refluxed to the concentration tank; the reverse osmosis system flows back to the TMF water production pool.
Further, a mechanical stirring system and an aeration device are arranged in the neutralization tank.
Further, the bottom of the concentration tank is of a conical structure, and the bottom of the concentration tank is connected with a pneumatic diaphragm pump.
Further, the sludge drying equipment comprises plate-and-frame filter pressing equipment, a vacuum belt conveyor and a disc-type spiral filter press.
Further, the first-stage nanofiltration system is provided with a rolled nanofiltration membrane with the pressure resistance of more than 4 MPa; the two-stage nanofiltration system is provided with a roll type nanofiltration membrane or a disc tube type nanofiltration membrane with the pressure resistance of more than 8 MPa.
Further, a mechanical stirring device is arranged in the elution crystallization reaction kettle.
Further, a hollow fiber type assembly is arranged in the pervaporation device, and a membrane material is filled in the hollow fiber type assembly.
Further, the membrane material is a hydrophobic material.
Further, the advanced oxidation system is provided with an ozone catalytic oxidation device, an electrocatalytic oxidation device or a high-temperature wet catalytic oxidation device.
The second purpose of the utility model is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the white carbon black production wastewater treatment process adopts the white carbon black production wastewater treatment system, and comprises the following steps:
a pretreatment step: discharging the white carbon black production mother liquor into the neutralization tank, adjusting the pH value, and then feeding into the concentration tank;
TMF system processing steps: discharging the wastewater in the concentration tank into the TMF treatment tank, filtering through a tubular microfiltration membrane to remove suspended particulate matters in the wastewater, and refluxing the removed suspended particulate matters to the concentration tank;
sludge drying step: after the concentration of suspended matters in the concentration tank reaches a preset concentration, treating the suspended matters by the sludge drying equipment, and transporting the treated suspended matters outside;
and (3) nanofiltration: the wastewater of the TMF water production tank is sequentially discharged into the first-stage nanofiltration system and the second-stage nanofiltration system for concentration treatment;
reverse osmosis: purifying the water discharged from the two-stage nanofiltration system by the reverse osmosis system to reach the standard of recycled water for recycling;
a dissolution crystallization step: the nanofiltration concentrated solution discharged from the two-stage nanofiltration system enters the elution crystallization reaction kettle, elution agent is added into the elution crystallization reaction kettle, the mixture is stirred and kept stand, and Na is added2SO4Na precipitated2SO4After being processed by the centrifugal dehydration drying system, the anhydrous sodium sulphate product is obtained;
and (3) recovering a leaching agent: separating the water solution and the elution agent from the waste liquid in the crystallization mother liquid tank sequentially through the heating system and the pervaporation device, and recovering the elution agent;
a reflux oxidation step: and (4) residual seepage liquid after the recovery of the leaching agent enters the advanced oxidation system, and the residual leaching agent in the seepage liquid is removed and then flows back to the neutralization pond.
Further, in the pretreatment step, the pH value of the white carbon black production mother liquor is adjusted to be neutral by adding NaOH.
Further, in the reverse osmosis step, the concentrate of the reverse osmosis system is returned to the TMF water producing tank.
Further, in the sludge drying step, the water content of the sludge discharged from the sludge drying equipment is 30-40%.
Further, in the step of elution crystallization, a mechanical stirring device is arranged in the elution crystallization reaction kettle, and the rotating speed of the mechanical stirring device is set to be 1000-1500 r/min.
Further, in the elution crystallization step, after a elution agent is put into the elution crystallization reaction kettle, a mechanical stirring device is started, and the mixture is stirred for 5 to 15 minutes and then is kept stand for 50 to 60 minutes; the weight ratio of the elution agent to the nanofiltration concentrate is (1-1.2): 1.
Further, in the elution crystallization step, the elution solvent is ethanol, propanol or butanol.
Further, in the leaching agent recovery step, the heating temperature of the heating temperature raising system is 60-70 ℃.
Further, in the eluent recovery step, the degree of vacuum on the permeation side of the pervaporation membrane is set to 5 to 10 mmHg.
Further, in the eluent recovery step, the water content of the recovered eluent is below 0.1%, and the residual amount of the eluent in the retentate is less than 1%.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:
the utility model provides a white carbon black waste water treatment system and processing technology has following advantage:
1) the utility model discloses a "neutralization + TMF system + two sections receive filtration system + reverse osmosis system + solventing-out crystallization system + pervaporation system" combined technology, moisture more than 80% in the white carbon black waste water of recoverable production, Na that can the resource utilization waste water again simultaneously2SO4And producing anhydrous sodium sulphate products.
2) Compare traditional processing technology, utilize the utility model discloses a reducible steam consumption of white carbon black waste water production is handled to the combined process and power consumption further reduces treatment cost to the stability of whole process route operation has been improved.
3) Through the utility model discloses a TMF system can improve the concentrated effect of suspended solids such as silica in the waste water, need not the sedimentation tank, reduces system area, goes out water stable in quality of water.
4) Through the utility model discloses a two sections are received and are strained technology and concentrate white carbon black waste water, can improve terminal waste water Na2SO4The concentration is reduced, compared with reverse osmosis concentration, the operation pressure is reduced, and the operation cost is reduced.
5) Through the utility model discloses a reverse osmosis clean system can improve the reuse water quality of water condition, guarantees the stability of producing water quality of water.
6) Through the utility model discloses a system of receiving and filtering is handled in liquation crystallization, the concentrate neither needs the evaporation treatment system of high energy consumption, can improve the Na of producing again2SO4The crystal purity of (2).
7) Through the utility model discloses a pervaporation device handles elution crystallization mother liquor, can effectively retrieve elution agent, reduces elution crystallization treatment process's treatment cost, improves whole technology economic nature.
8) Adopt the utility model provides a technology to handle white carbon black waste water and have economic benefits and social concurrently, have research and spreading value again.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a system for treating wastewater from white carbon black production provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, and it should be noted that the embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form a new embodiment without conflict.
Example 1
A white carbon black production wastewater treatment system comprises a pretreatment system, a sludge drying device, a TMF system, a two-stage nanofiltration system, a reverse osmosis system, a solventing-out crystallization system, a solventing-out agent recovery system and an advanced oxidation system;
the pretreatment system comprises a neutralization tank and a concentration tank;
the TMF system comprises a TMF treatment pool and a TMF water production pool;
the two-section nanofiltration system comprises a first-section nanofiltration system and a second-section nanofiltration system;
the elution crystallization system comprises an elution crystallization reaction kettle and a centrifugal dehydration drying system;
the solventing-out agent recovery system comprises a crystallization mother liquor pool, a heating system and a pervaporation device;
the neutralization tank is provided with a white carbon black production mother liquor inlet; the neutralization tank, the concentration tank, the TMF treatment tank, the TMF water production tank, the first-stage nanofiltration system, the second-stage nanofiltration system, the elution crystallization reaction kettle and the centrifugal dehydration drying system are sequentially connected;
the concentration tank is connected with a sludge drying device;
the first-stage nanofiltration system and the second-stage nanofiltration system are both connected with the reverse osmosis system;
the dissolution crystallization reaction kettle and the centrifugal dehydration drying system are both connected with a crystallization mother liquor pool, and the crystallization mother liquor pool, the heating temperature-rising system and the pervaporation device are sequentially connected;
the pervaporation device, the advanced oxidation system and the neutralization tank are connected in sequence.
As a further embodiment, the TMF treatment tank is refluxed to the concentration tank; the reverse osmosis system flows back to the TMF water producing tank.
As a further embodiment, a mechanical stirring system and an aeration device are arranged in the neutralization tank.
As a further implementation mode, the bottom of the concentration tank is of a conical structure, and the bottom of the concentration tank is connected with a pneumatic diaphragm pump which is used for discharging waste liquid containing high-concentration suspended matters to the sludge concentration tank.
As a further embodiment, the middle part of the side wall of the concentration tank is provided with a water outlet for supplying water to the TMF treatment tank.
As a further embodiment, the sludge drying equipment includes a plate-and-frame filter press equipment, a vacuum belt conveyor and a disc-type screw filter press, but is not limited to the above equipment.
As a further implementation mode, the first-stage nanofiltration system is provided with a pollution-blocking resistant rolled nanofiltration membrane with the pressure resistance of more than 4 MPa; the two-stage nanofiltration system is provided with a roll type nanofiltration membrane or a disc tube type nanofiltration membrane with the pressure resistance of more than 8MPa, and other suitable high-pressure nanofiltration membranes can be selected.
As a further embodiment, a mechanical stirring device is arranged in the elution crystallization reaction kettle.
In a further embodiment, a hollow fiber module is disposed in the pervaporation device to increase the filling area of the membrane material in the module, and the hollow fiber module is filled with a membrane material, preferably a hydrophobic material.
In a further embodiment, the advanced oxidation system is provided with an ozone catalytic oxidation device, an electrocatalytic oxidation device or a high-temperature wet catalytic oxidation device, and the advanced oxidation system is preferably in a chemical-free oxidation mode.
Example 2
A white carbon black production wastewater treatment process adopts a white carbon black production wastewater treatment system, and comprises the following steps:
a pretreatment step: discharging the mother liquor produced by the white carbon black into a neutralization tank, adjusting the pH value and then feeding into a concentration tank;
TMF system processing steps: discharging the wastewater in the concentration tank into a TMF treatment tank, filtering by a tubular microfiltration membrane to remove a large amount of suspended particles in the wastewater, and refluxing the removed suspended particles to the concentration tank;
sludge drying step: with the continuous water production of the tubular microfiltration membrane, the concentration of suspended matters in the concentration tank is continuously improved, and the suspended matters in the concentration tank are treated by sludge drying equipment after reaching the preset concentration and then transported outside;
and (3) nanofiltration: wastewater in the TMF water production tank is sequentially discharged into a first-stage nanofiltration system and a second-stage nanofiltration system for high-rate concentration treatment, and Na in the wastewater2SO4The concentration of the nanofiltration membrane is concentrated to be more than 14%;
reverse osmosis: purifying the water discharged from the two-stage nanofiltration system by a reverse osmosis system to reach the standard of recycled water for recycling;
a dissolution crystallization step: the nanofiltration concentrated solution discharged from the two-stage nanofiltration system enters a elution crystallization reaction kettle, elution agent is added into the elution crystallization reaction kettle, a mechanical stirring device is started to fully and uniformly mix the elution agent and the nanofiltration concentrated solution, the mixture is stirred for a certain time and then is kept stand, and Na is added into the mixture2SO4Na precipitated2SO4After being treated by a centrifugal dehydration drying system, anhydrous sodium sulphate products are obtained, and economic benefits are obtained by selling the anhydrous sodium sulphate products;
and (3) recovering a leaching agent: the elution crystallization mother liquor and the centrifugate enter a crystallization mother liquor pool, and the waste liquor in the crystallization mother liquor pool is effectively separated from the elution agent by a heating system and a pervaporation device in turn, so that most of the elution agent is recovered;
a reflux oxidation step: and (3) residual leachate after the recovery of the elutriation agent enters an advanced oxidation system, and the residual elutriation agent in the residual leachate is removed and then flows back to a neutralization pond, so that the elutriation agent is prevented from being enriched in the system.
As a further embodiment, in the pretreatment step, the pH value of the white carbon black production mother liquor is adjusted to be neutral by adding NaOH. The neutralization tank is used for fully mixing the white carbon black production wastewater, the advanced oxidation system effluent and other wastewater, adjusting the water quality to keep the water quality stable in a certain period, and adjusting the pH to be neutral by adding NaOH, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the zero-emission treatment system.
As a further embodiment, in the TMF system treatment step, the TMF treatment tank carries out filtration treatment on the wastewater in the concentration tank, and SiO2After being intercepted by the membrane tube, suspended matters flow back to the concentration tank along with the TMF concentrated solution, and permeate flows to the TMF water production tank.
In the further implementation mode, in the reverse osmosis step, the produced water of the two sections of nanofiltration systems enters the reverse osmosis system for purification treatment so as to ensure the stability of the quality of the reuse water, and the concentrated solution of the reverse osmosis system flows back to the TMF water producing tank.
As a further embodiment, in the sludge drying step, the water content of the sludge discharged from the sludge drying device is 30-40%.
As a further implementation mode, in the elution crystallization step, a mechanical stirring device is arranged in the elution crystallization reaction kettle, and the rotating speed of the mechanical stirring device is set to be 1000-1500 r/min.
As a further embodiment, in the elution crystallization step, after a elution agent is put into a elution crystallization reaction kettle, a mechanical stirring device is started, and the mixture is stirred for 5 to 15min and then is kept stand for 50 to 60 min; the weight ratio of the elution agent to the nanofiltration concentrate is (1-1.2): 1.
As a further embodiment, in the elution crystallization step, the elution reagent is ethanol, propanol or butanol, most preferably ethanol.
In a further embodiment, in the elution agent recovery step, the elution crystallization mother liquor and the centrifugate enter a crystallization mother liquor pool, are heated by a heating temperature raising system, the heating temperature of the heating temperature raising system is set to be 60-70 ℃, and then enter a pervaporation device after being heated.
As a further embodiment, in the eluent recovery step, the degree of vacuum on the permeation side of the pervaporation membrane is set to 5 to 10 mmHg.
In a further embodiment, in the eluent recovery step, the water content of the recovered eluent is 0.1% or less, and the residual amount of the eluent in the retentate is less than 1%.
Effect evaluation and Performance detection
1. After the white carbon black production mother liquor is neutralized, the TMF (tubular microfiltration membrane) process filtration and purification and the traditional flocculation and precipitation treatment are respectively adopted, and the experimental result is shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1 test result record table of TMF process and traditional flocculation precipitation treatment process of the utility model
2. The embodiment of the utility model provides a combine "two sections receive filter membrane system + reverse osmosis system", can obtain the conductivity<30us/cm pure water can be used for obtaining Na2SO4The concentrated brine with the concentration of more than or equal to 15 percent, and the operation parameters and the detection results of the related experiments are shown in the following table 2.
TABLE 2 results of combined nanofiltration and reverse osmosis tests
3. Experiment of elution crystallization
50L of Na with a concentration of 15% (w/w)2SO4Dividing the nanofiltration concentrated solution into 20 parts, each 2.5L, pouring into 10L PE barrels, adding eluents (ethanol, propanol, n-butanol, and isobutanol) according to different weight ratios (0: 1, 0.5: 1, 1: 1, 1.2:1, 1.5: 1) of eluents and nanofiltration concentrated solution (water ratio of eluents), precipitating, separating, and calculating Na2SO4The results are shown in Table 3 below.
TABLE 3 Na2SO4Recovery rate results of
As can be seen from Table 3, Na is added when the weight ratio of the eluting agent to the nanofiltration concentrate is (1-1.5):12SO4Although a high recovery rate can be obtained, the recovery rate is not increased greatly when the weight ratio of the elutant to the nanofiltration concentrate is increased from 1.2:1 to 1.5:1, so that the optimal weight ratio of the elutant to the nanofiltration concentrate is (1-1.2): 1. When the weight ratio of the elution reagent to the nanofiltration concentrate is the same, Na is added when ethanol is used as the elution reagent2SO4The highest recovery, therefore, ethanol is the most preferred elution agent.
4. Experiment of pervaporation
The crystallization mother liquor after elution crystallization was divided into 16 parts, and a pervaporation experiment was performed to test the recovery (%) of the ethanol elution agent. In the embodiment, 16 water samples were divided into 4 groups, each group was heated to 50 ℃, 60 ℃, 70 ℃ and 80 ℃, and the vacuum degree of the permeation side of each water sample in the group was respectively reduced to 3mmHg, 6mmHg, 9mmHg and 12mmHg during the test, and the recovery rate (%) of ethanol was obtained as shown in Table 4 below.
TABLE 4 recovery of the leachant (ethanol) results are reported in Table
As can be seen from Table 4, when the temperature was the same, the recovery rate of ethanol increased with the increase in the vacuum degree; when the vacuum degree is the same, the recovery rate of ethanol is improved along with the increase of the temperature. However, since the increase in the temperature and the increase in the degree of vacuum lead to an increase in the energy consumption, and the increase in the recovery rate tends to be slow after 70 ℃ and 9mmHg, it is economically reasonable to set the heating temperature of the heating system to 60 to 70 ℃ and the degree of vacuum on the permeation side of the pervaporation membrane to 5 to 10 mmHg.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited thereby, and any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are all within the protection scope of the present invention.