CN210273528U - Low-temperature pulse battery circuit for air-drop - Google Patents
Low-temperature pulse battery circuit for air-drop Download PDFInfo
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- CN210273528U CN210273528U CN201921158974.7U CN201921158974U CN210273528U CN 210273528 U CN210273528 U CN 210273528U CN 201921158974 U CN201921158974 U CN 201921158974U CN 210273528 U CN210273528 U CN 210273528U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a low temperature pulse battery circuit for air-drop, including battery BT and super capacitor module, battery BT is the electric core group that electric core cluster, parallelly connected combination formed, super capacitor module CB1 includes super capacitor and the electric capacity voltage equalizer circuit C1 by many cluster, parallelly connected combination, and battery BT is parallelly connected with super capacitor module CB1, establishes ties in super capacitor module CB1 positive pole and has double-pole switch S1, and voltage equalizer circuit C1 among the super capacitor module CB1 is to the voltage control of each super capacitor in the series connection to the settlement; the current-limiting resistor arrays R1 and R17 are 2 identical current-limiting resistor arrays, and the power of a single current-limiting resistor can be reduced. The utility model discloses have small, light in weight, the cost is lower, and the environmental adaptation scope is wide, especially can directly use under the low temperature (-40 ℃) condition, convenient to use, maintenance are simple, wholly have very high reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to battery system relates to a low temperature pulse battery circuit for air-drop.
Background
With the development of the intelligentization of equipment, more and more air drop equipment is provided with a battery system for supplying power to electronic equipment and an actuating device. When the air-drop equipment is used, the working time is short, the shortest time from the departure to the landing is only 90s, and the longest time is only about 10min, so the requirement on the capacity of a battery system is not high, however, the air-drop equipment is prepared outdoors, transported by air-drop and dropped at high altitude, and can be exposed in a low-temperature environment, and the air-drop equipment is mostly independent systems without power supply cross-linking with the airplane, therefore, the actuating device is driven under the low temperature condition by completely depending on a self-contained battery system, the actuating device is provided with an electric detonator and a motor, the electric detonator is generally used for a separation system, the motor is generally used for adjusting the posture of an air-drop system, the power of the actuating device is larger, the power of the electric detonator is 25W-100W when the electric detonator works, and the power of the motor is 600W-2200W when the motor works, so that the requirements of high low-temperature and large-current discharge capacity are provided for a battery system.
Currently, lithium batteries can be classified into high-rate discharge batteries, medium-rate discharge batteries and low-rate discharge batteries according to discharge rate. The high-rate discharge battery can discharge at 20℃ rate within the range from 0 ℃ to normal temperature, the high-rate discharge battery can still discharge at 10C rate at-20 ℃, but the discharge capacity of the high-rate discharge battery at the temperature below-20 ℃ is rapidly reduced, and particularly, the high-rate discharge battery can only discharge at 0.3C rate basically within the range from-30 ℃ to-40 ℃. The low-rate discharge battery can be made to have larger capacity under the condition of the same volume and weight, but the low-temperature discharge capacity is very weak. The medium-rate discharge battery can ensure that the battery can discharge at 5C rate from minus 20 ℃ to normal temperature and can discharge at 1C rate for a short time at minus 40 ℃.
The air drop equipment needs to complete low-temperature and large-current discharge by depending on the battery, and the battery is designed to be large and heavy. The air drop equipment is a multi-use system, the system has high attention to cost, and meanwhile, the air drop equipment requires that all matched components are light and small in weight as much as possible. At present, the highest energy-weight ratio is a thermal battery, but the thermal battery is a disposable product and has high use cost, and the thermal battery cannot meet the requirements of long-time power supply and large-current discharge.
In summary, the prior art of the air drop battery has the technical problems of being large and heavy, and being incapable of meeting the requirements of low-temperature environment, long-time power supply, large-current discharge and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a low-temperature pulse battery circuit for air-drop, and the battery system has better low-temperature performance compared with a battery with the same volume and weight, can supply power for a long time and has high-power pulse output capability.
The technical scheme is as follows: the utility model provides a low temperature pulse battery circuit for air-drop, is sealed by full aluminium shell, adopts aviation connector to export electric energy to the outside, and it includes: the battery BT and super capacitor modules CB1 and CB2 are used for outputting electric energy to the outside, current-limiting resistor arrays R1 and R17, rectifier diodes D2 and D3 which enable current to flow into the capacitor modules only from the battery, and rectifier diodes D4 which enable the battery to directly output the electric energy to the outside, the battery BT is a battery core group formed by combining a battery cell in series and in parallel, the super capacitor module CB1 comprises a plurality of super capacitors and a capacitor voltage balancing circuit C1 which are combined in series and in parallel, the battery BT is connected with the super capacitor module CB1 in parallel, a double-pole switch S1 is connected in series with the positive pole of the super capacitor module CB1, and the voltage balancing circuit C1 in the super capacitor module CB1 controls the voltage of each super capacitor in series to be set; the current-limiting resistor arrays R1 and R17 are 2 identical current-limiting resistor arrays, so that the power of a single current-limiting resistor can be reduced;
when the external output of the electric energy is not needed, the battery BT charges the super-capacitor module CB1 to a set voltage through the switch and the rectifier diode D2, when the external output of the electric energy is needed, the battery BT outputs the electric energy to the outside through the rectifier diode D4, and the super-capacitor module CB1 also outputs the electric energy to the outside through the rectifier diode D5 in the discharging loop.
Furthermore, a transient suppression diode D1 for protecting the battery BT and the supercapacitor module CB1 is also included in the circuit connecting the battery BT.
Furthermore, the electric core is made into an IRF26650 round shape, the electric core is connected with the electric core by a copper nickel plating sheet, and the upper layer electric core and the lower layer electric core are fixed by a fixing bracket.
Further, the nickel copper plating sheet connecting the battery cell and the battery cell is preferably 0.2 mm.
Further, the number of the super capacitor modules CB1 is determined according to the magnitude of the externally output electric energy.
Furthermore, the super capacitor module CB1 is formed by connecting 25 super capacitors in series, each super capacitor is provided with an equalizing circuit outside, each 4 capacitors connected in series have a voltage node, which is sequentially GND _ a, GND _ B, GND _ C, GND _ D, GND _ E and GND _ F, and the super capacitor module marks +, -two external voltage nodes.
Further, the super capacitor C1 includes voltage dividing resistors R21 and R22, current limiting resistors R23 and R24, a current limiting resistor array R25, a filter capacitor C26, and a voltage regulator D7 for setting a reference point of capacitor voltage equalization, a power supply of the single power supply 4 unit comparator is connected to the + of the super capacitor module for the first part of U1A, and is connected to GND _ a for the ground, and a control electrode of the switching tube Q1 is controlled by an output end of U1A through the current limiting resistor R24.
Furthermore, super capacitors C2, C3 and C4 are connected in series with the super capacitor C1, and the external voltage equalization circuits of the super capacitors C2, C3 and C4 are the same as the super capacitor C1, and the second part, the third part and the fourth part of the 4-unit comparator are sequentially adopted.
Further, the voltage equalizing circuits of the super capacitors C5-C8 are similar to the voltage equalizing circuits of C1-C4, and the comparator power supply is connected to GND _ A and the ground is connected to GND _ B.
The technical effects are as follows: the low-temperature pulse high-power battery system for air drop is designed by combining the lithium iron phosphate core and the super capacitor module, has the advantages of small volume, light weight, lower cost, wide environment adaptation range, convenient use, simple maintenance and high overall reliability, and can be directly used particularly under the condition of low temperature (-40 ℃). The electric core is used for storing energy for the super capacitor module by small current in idle time, when large current is used, the super capacitor module discharges to the motor, and the control device is very suitable for controlling the starting of the motor and the rotation in short time, and is particularly suitable for the air-drop field in which the motor needs to be operated at intervals for a period of time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the series configuration internal connection circuit of the super capacitor module CB1 of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the equalization circuit in the small dashed box of fig. 2.
Detailed Description
The low-temperature pulse high-power battery system for air drop of the invention is further explained in detail by the following embodiments:
in fig. 1, D1 is a transient suppression diode for suppressing the back electromotive force generated when the motor stops rotating to prevent the frequent impact of the back voltage or the excessive voltage on the battery. BT is a battery formed by combining electric cores in series and parallel. The CB1 and the CB2 are super capacitor modules, a plurality of super capacitors can be combined in series and in parallel, and the structures and parameters of the CB1 and the CB2 are completely consistent. D4 is rectifier diode, guarantees that the battery can directly outwards output electric energy, prevents to charge the battery when super capacitor module discharges simultaneously. And S1 is a double-pole switch. R1 and R17 are 2 identical current limiting resistor arrays to reduce the power requirements of a single current limiting resistor. D2 and D3 are identical rectifier diodes to ensure that current only flows from the battery into the capacitor module. D5 and D6 are the same rectifier diodes, guarantee that super capacitor module only outwards outputs the electric energy.
Fig. 2 is an internal connection diagram of a series structure of the super capacitor module CB1 in fig. 1, in which 25 super capacitors are connected in series, an equalizing circuit (framed by a small dashed box) is provided outside each super capacitor, each 4 capacitors connected in series have a voltage node, which is GND _ a, GND _ B, GND _ C, GND _ D, GND _ E, and GND _ F, and the two external voltage nodes of the super capacitor module are labeled as +, -.
Fig. 3 is the equalization circuit in the box of small dashed lines in fig. 2. Wherein C1 is the super capacitor C1 in FIG. 2, and R21 and R22 are set voltage dividing resistors. R23 is a current limiting resistor. D7 is a voltage regulator tube for setting the reference point for capacitor voltage equalization. U1A is the first part of a single power supply 4-cell comparator, where the power supply is connected to the + of the super capacitor block, and ground is connected to GND _ a. R24 is a current limiting resistor. C26 is a filter capacitor. R25 is a current limiting resistor array. Q1 is a switch tube, and the control electrode of Q1 is controlled by the output end of U1A via a current-limiting resistor R24. The external voltage equalization circuit for the supercapacitors C2, C3, C4 is the same as in fig. 3, except that the 2 nd, 3 rd, and 4 th parts of the 4-cell comparator are used in sequence. The voltage equalization circuits of supercapacitors C5-C8 are similar to the voltage equalization circuits of C1-C4, except that the comparator supply is connected to GND _ A and ground is connected to GND _ B. And the voltage equalization circuit of each subsequent group of super capacitors is analogized.
The battery core group is obtained by stringing and combining the battery cores. The battery cell adopts lithium iron phosphate with better thermal stability, medium multiplying power (mainly considering discharge capacity and low-temperature characteristics) and longer cycle life as a negative electrode material to be made into an IRF26650 round shape, the battery cell is connected with the battery cell by adopting a 0.2mm copper nickel plating sheet, and the battery cell on the upper layer and the battery cell on the lower layer are fixed by adopting a fixing support. The super capacitor module consists of a super capacitor series-parallel combination and a capacitor voltage balancing circuit. The battery system is sealed by an all-aluminum shell, and an aviation connector is adopted to output electric energy to the outside.
When the motor does not rotate, the electric core group charges the super capacitor module through the switch, the current-limiting resistor array and the rectifier diode, and the voltage equalizing circuit in the super capacitor module controls the voltage of each super capacitor in series connection to be a set voltage; when the motor needs to rotate, the electric core group supplies power to the motor through the other path of rectifier diode, and meanwhile, the super capacitor module supplies power to the motor through the rectifier diode in the discharging loop, so that the motor rotates. Particularly, under the condition of low temperature (such as minus 40 ℃), the electric core group charges the super capacitor module with 1C current in the non-rotation time of the motor, the super capacitor is fully charged in about 20s, when the motor rotates, the super capacitor module can continuously discharge the motor for about 5s with the current 5-7 times of the battery capacity, and the attitude adjustment of the motor for 2 times of large actions on the air drop system can be supported. The connecting circuit also comprises a transient suppression diode for protecting the battery and the super capacitor module.
Example (b):
the motor power of a certain air-drop system is about 2200W, the rated voltage Vd is 60V, and the working voltage range is 35V-72V. The single airdrop service time is not more than 10min, the single control motor rotation time is not more than 2.5s generally and the motor rotation interval is not less than 10s in the statistical airdrop process.
The nominal voltage of a single battery cell of the medium-rate lithium iron phosphate is 3.2V, and the rated capacity of IRF26650 is 3.2 Ah. The nominal voltage Vb after the series connection of the electric cores is 0.95-1.1 of the rated working voltage Vd of the equipment or the actuating device, and the rated capacity (Ah) after the series connection and the parallel connection of the electric cores is more than or equal to 1/5 of the current (A) required by the equipment or the actuating device, so that the battery can directly drive the equipment or the actuating device at the temperature of-20 ℃ and above. Therefore, 18-21 battery cells are required to be connected in series to form a battery cell group; meanwhile, in consideration of convenient assembly and fixation, 20 monomers are connected in series conveniently and reliably. Considering the required energy, the maximum energy E required by the whole process of the motor is 2200W
(10/60) × [2.5/(10+2.5) ] -73.3 Wh, a single series 64V cell set is energetic enough; in view of the charging time and current of the super capacitor module, the charging current is about 1/5 of the discharging current, namely 6.9A, the super capacitor module can be charged by the medium-rate lithium iron phosphate battery pack at the temperature of-40 ℃ within a short time of 1C at most, so at least 3 lithium iron phosphate battery packs (64V) which are connected in series are required (6.9Ah/3.2Ah is 2.16, the balance is kept while rounding, and at least 3 battery packs are required) to be connected in parallel to form the BT battery pack (64V, 9.6 Ah).
The medium-rate lithium iron phosphate battery pack (64V, 9.6Ah) can ensure 5C discharge at the temperature of-20 ℃ and the motor rotating current is about 37A, so that the battery pack can directly drive the motor to normally rotate under the normal temperature condition, the bearable current of the rectifier diode D4 is larger than 2 times of the normal motor rotating current, and simultaneously the surge current resistance is larger than or equal to 6 times of the normal rotating current (considering the surge test time of the diode, the surge current resistance can be reduced due to long test time).
The CB is a super capacitor module, and a single fully charged super capacitor module can also drive the motor to rotate once, so that rectifier diodes D5 and D6 connected and output by the CB have the same model and parameters as those of D4. The energy required to be stored for 1 CB is 2200W × 2.5s 5500 W.s. The voltage resistance of a single super capacitor is generally 2.7V, after series connection, the voltage resistance of the capacitor module is increased, the capacity is reduced, and the voltage of 64V/2.7 is 23.7, and meanwhile, for convenience of installation, 25 capacitors are selected to be connected in series. The relation between the capacity of the capacitor and the energy stored in the capacitor is 1/2 x (U2-U02) xC >5500, U is 64V, U0 is the discharge termination voltage, and in combination with the voltage required by the normal operation of the motor, the U0 generally takes 0.574 xU, and the calculated C is 3.84F, so that 25 supercapacitors of 100F are required to be connected in series.
When the super capacitor discharges to drive the motor, the super capacitor is prevented from reversely charging the battery pack, rectifier diodes D2 and D3 are added between the battery pack and the super capacitor, and meanwhile, when the battery pack does not have high-current discharging capacity under the low-temperature condition, a chip resistor which can resist high-power impact in a short time is added between the battery and the super capacitor to limit the current. The resistance is determined according to the charging time of the super capacitor and the discharging current of the battery pack after the resistors are connected in parallel, when 2 groups of super capacitor modules are used, the super capacitor modules only need to be charged within 20s, the required charging current is calculated to be larger than or equal to 4.5A, and in combination with resistance power, when 188 omega resistors are used, at least 14 resistors are connected in parallel, so that 16 resistors are designed to be connected in parallel, the impact-resistant power is larger than or equal to 21.8W, and RM6363-6WMB1880JT with the impact-resistant power of 30W is selected.
The current-limiting resistor array is connected with the battery pack through the toggle switch, and the switch is turned on before a task is executed, so that the super capacitor is prevented from being connected with the battery all the time, and the battery capacity is prevented from being lost due to the leakage effect of the super capacitor for a long time.
One supercapacitor module is composed of 25 supercapacitors connected in series, as shown in fig. 2.
Each super capacitor in the super capacitor module adopts the same voltage balancing circuit so as to ensure that each capacitor can be charged uniformly when charging, and the capacity of outputting power and energy externally when discharging is improved. The equalization circuit is shown in fig. 3. The principle of the equalizing circuit is that when a single super capacitor is charged to 2.5V, a voltage regulator tube D7 is conducted, and the reference voltage of a comparator U1A is clamped to 2.5V; and continuing to charge the super capacitor, when the super capacitor is charged to 2.7V, the voltage of the positive input end of the comparator U1A is 10/10.8 × 2.7V-2.5V, at this time, the comparator outputs high level, the field effect transistor Q1 is opened, then the voltage on the capacitor is kept at 2.7V, and the battery pack continues to charge the super capacitor which is not fully charged in the subsequent stage. The method is characterized in that a comparator comprising 4 comparison units is adopted, 4 super capacitors are arranged in one group, the positive electrode of the comparator for supplying power is connected with the positive electrodes of the 4 series super capacitors, and the negative electrode of the comparator for supplying power is connected with the negative electrodes of the 4 series super capacitors.
Claims (9)
1. A low-temperature pulse battery circuit for air drop is sealed by an all-aluminum shell, and aerial connectors are adopted to output electric energy to the outside, and the low-temperature pulse battery circuit is characterized by comprising a battery BT and super-capacitor modules CB1 and CB2 which are used for outputting the electric energy to the outside, current-limiting resistor arrays R1 and R17, rectifier diodes D2 and D3 which enable current to flow into the capacitor modules from the battery only, and a rectifier diode D4 which enables the battery to output the electric energy to the outside directly, wherein the battery BT is a battery core group formed by combining a battery core in series and parallel connection, the super-capacitor module CB1 comprises a plurality of super-capacitors and capacitor voltage balancing circuits C1 which are combined in series and parallel connection, the battery BT is connected with a super-capacitor module CB1 in parallel connection, a double-pole switch S1 is connected in series with the positive pole of the super-capacitor module CB1, and the voltage balancing circuits C1 in the super-capacitor module CB1 control the voltage; the current-limiting resistor arrays R1 and R17 are 2 identical current-limiting resistor arrays, and the power of a single current-limiting resistor can be reduced.
2. A low-temperature pulse battery circuit for aerial delivery as defined in claim 1, wherein: the circuit connecting the battery BT further comprises a transient suppression diode D1 that protects the battery BT and the supercapacitor module CB 1.
3. A low-temperature pulse battery circuit for aerial delivery as defined in claim 1, wherein: the battery cell is made into an IRF26650 round shape, the battery cell is connected with the battery cell through a copper nickel plating sheet, and the upper layer battery cell and the lower layer battery cell are fixed through a fixing support.
4. A low-temperature pulse battery circuit for aerial delivery as defined in claim 1, wherein: the copper nickel-plating sheet connected between the battery cell and the battery cell is 0.2 mm.
5. A low-temperature pulse battery circuit for aerial delivery as defined in claim 1, wherein: the number of the super capacitor modules CB1 is determined according to the magnitude of the externally output electric energy.
6. A low-temperature pulse battery circuit for aerial delivery as defined in claim 1, wherein: the super-capacitor module CB1 is formed by connecting 25 super-capacitors in series, a balancing circuit is arranged outside each super-capacitor, each 4 capacitors connected in series take a voltage node which is sequentially GND _ A, GND _ B, GND _ C, GND _ D, GND _ E and GND _ F, and the two external voltage nodes of the super-capacitor module are marked as plus and minus.
7. A low-temperature pulse battery circuit for aerial delivery as defined in claim 1, wherein: the resistor arrays R1 and R17 for reducing power to a single current-limiting resistor are respectively connected in series after being connected in parallel by 16 resistors.
8. A low-temperature pulse battery circuit for aerial delivery as defined in claim 1, wherein: the super capacitor C1 comprises voltage dividing resistors R21 and R22, current limiting resistors R23 and R24, a current limiting resistor array R25, a filter capacitor C26 and a voltage stabilizing tube D7 for setting a reference point of capacitor voltage equalization, a power supply of U1A which is the first part of the single power supply 4 unit comparator is connected to the plus of the super capacitor module and the ground of the super capacitor module is connected to GND _ A, and the control electrode of a switch tube Q1 is controlled by the output end of the U1A through the current limiting resistor R24.
9. A low-temperature pulse battery circuit for aerial delivery as defined in claim 1, wherein: the super capacitors C2, C3 and C4 are also connected in series with the super capacitor C1, and the external voltage equalization circuits of the super capacitors C2, C3 and C4 are the same as the super capacitor C1, and sequentially adopt the second part, the third part and the fourth part of a 4-unit comparator; the voltage equalization circuits of the super capacitors C5-C8 are the same as the voltage equalization circuits of C1-C4, and the comparator power supply is connected to GND _ A and the ground is connected to GND _ B.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201921158974.7U CN210273528U (en) | 2019-07-22 | 2019-07-22 | Low-temperature pulse battery circuit for air-drop |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201921158974.7U CN210273528U (en) | 2019-07-22 | 2019-07-22 | Low-temperature pulse battery circuit for air-drop |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110611342A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-12-24 | 航宇救生装备有限公司 | Low-temperature pulse battery circuit for air-drop |
| CN114497905A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2022-05-13 | 智一新能源发展有限公司 | Improved anti-reverse device, battery cluster and battery module thereof |
-
2019
- 2019-07-22 CN CN201921158974.7U patent/CN210273528U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110611342A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-12-24 | 航宇救生装备有限公司 | Low-temperature pulse battery circuit for air-drop |
| CN114497905A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2022-05-13 | 智一新能源发展有限公司 | Improved anti-reverse device, battery cluster and battery module thereof |
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