CN210272625U

CN210272625U - Leaky waveguide

Info

Publication number: CN210272625U
Application number: CN201921364061.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖皓元; 朱玉祥; 孙舒明; 马东海; 韩婷
Original assignee: Shanghai Institute Of Transmission Line (cetc No23 Institute)
Current assignee: Shanghai Institute Of Transmission Line (cetc No23 Institute); CETC 23 Research Institute
Priority date: 2019-08-21
Filing date: 2019-08-21
Publication date: 2020-04-07
Anticipated expiration: 2029-08-21

Abstract

The utility model relates to a waveguide device field specifically is a leaky waveguide's structure. The existing leaky waveguide has low strength and high cost. The utility model discloses a novel leaky waveguide comprises inner core 1, foaming layer 2, outer conductor layer 3, oversheath 4, inner core 1 is at the inlayer, and inner core 1 is the heart yearn, and its outside has expanded material to make foaming layer 2, and the metal strip that will have the gap again wraps up and makes outer conductor layer 3 outside foaming layer 2, makes the oversheath 4 of being made by insulating material in outer conductor layer 3 outside through extrusion molding technology. The utility model discloses contain the inner core and use the foaming material as the medium, great improvement the structural strength of product, its unique foaming cutting process for the product shape after the foaming is better controlled, lets the cost of the waveguide of all kinds of shapes all at reasonable interval.

Description

Leaky waveguide

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a waveguide device field specifically is a leaky waveguide's structure.

Background

With the development of technology and the continuous development of communication technology, the requirements of communication systems are continuously increasing, especially in terms of signal quality, signal strength and signal coverage. The leaky waveguide system is used as one of wireless communication radio wave coverage modes, has the characteristics of stable signals, small attenuation and the like, and is particularly suitable for complex environments with electromagnetic waves in limited spaces, which are greatly influenced by multipath effects, so that the leaky waveguide system is widely applied to the limited spaces. The leaky waveguides used at present are all formed by different slots on the basis of the waveguide, so that the purpose of radiating energy outwards is achieved. The waveguide is a hollow metal tube, the interior of the hollow metal tube is free from medium support, the mechanical strength of the hollow metal tube is low, and after the hollow metal tube is made into the leakage waveguide, the mechanical strength of the leakage waveguide is further reduced due to the existence of a slotted hole structure, so that the leakage waveguide is required to be increased in thickness to ensure certain mechanical strength, the usage amount of metal is greatly increased, and the manufacturing cost is sharply increased. Meanwhile, when the cable is used for long-distance signal transmission and coverage, a lot of difficulties are encountered in the aspects of structure and installation, for example, when complex environments such as bending are encountered, a lot of connecting elements must be added, so that the construction cost is increased, and potential safety hazards such as poor air tightness are easy to exist. In addition, due to the hollow structure, the strength of the leaky waveguide is low, the manufacturing process is complex, the machining precision is difficult to guarantee, and meanwhile, the problems of oxidation, air leakage and the like of the leaky waveguide caused by aging of the waveguide tube and the like exist, so that the later maintenance cost is increased.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses a can overcome the present low, with high costs, the not difficult problem of buckling of leaky waveguide well. A structure and a manufacturing method of a leaky waveguide are provided, and the specific method is as follows;

a leaky waveguide, characterized in that: the inner core 1 is a core wire made of an insulating material, the foaming layer 2 made of the foaming material is arranged outside the inner core 1, the outer conductor layer 3 made of a metal strip with a gap is wrapped outside the foaming layer 2, and the outer sheath 4 made of the insulating material is wrapped outside the outer conductor layer 3.

The leaky waveguide is characterized in that: the structure of the inner core 1 can be a single-strand structure or a composite structure, and the inner core with the single-strand structure is formed by twisting one or more of aryl polymer, fluorine-doped material, silicon material and nano-porous material; the core wire of the composite core is firstly woven by one or a combination of more of glass fiber, aramid fiber and polyethylene fiber, unsaturated resin and epoxy resin together, and then the core wire is wrapped by aryl polymer, fluorine-doped material, silicon material and nano porous material.

The leaky waveguide is characterized in that: the foaming layer 2 is made of plastic, rubber and resin materials.

The leaky waveguide is characterized in that: the cross section of the foaming layer 2 can be semicircular, oblong, oval, polygonal, rectangular or square.

The leaky waveguide is characterized in that: the outer conductor layer 3 is made of a metal strip made of copper, aluminum or silver, an array consisting of a plurality of gaps is uniformly arranged in the axis direction, and the metal strip is corrugated through embossing and then covers the foaming layer 2.

The leaky waveguide is characterized in that: the shape of the gap of the outer conductor layer 3 can be rectangular, oblong or square, and the combination form can be pi-shaped, straight-line-shaped, splayed, L-shaped, U-shaped, T-shaped or E-shaped.

A leaky waveguide, characterized in that: the outer sheath 4 may be made of neoprene, polyurethane, polyethylene, silicone rubber, polyolefin, or polyvinyl chloride.

The beneficial effects are that, a leaky waveguide, its intensity that has improved the waveguide through increasing the inner core, reduced metal material's use total amount and reduce cost, the ripple structure cooperation inner core of outer conductor layer 3 makes its bending that can be convenient, the use of cutting process makes leaky waveguide's shape control become to realize more easily in addition.

Drawings

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a leaky waveguide;

FIG. 2 is a leaky waveguide after initial foaming;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a foaming and cutting process

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a leaky waveguide after bubble dicing;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a longitudinal cladding material;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a longitudinal bag;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a leaky waveguide after extrusion molding;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of an oblong leaky waveguide according to the embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a structure of a rectangular leaky waveguide according to the embodiment

Description of reference numerals:

1. an inner core; 2. a foamed layer; 3. an outer conductor layer; 4 outer sheath.

Detailed Description

The utility model provides a leaky waveguide, its structure is divided by four and is constituteed, including wherein inner core 1, foaming layer 2, the outer conductor layer 3 of parcel outside foaming layer 2, the oversheath 4 of surface of inlayer constitute, as shown in figure 1.

In the manufacturing process of the utility model, the inner core 1 is necessary for the forming of the foaming layer 2, because the inner core 1 plays the role of supporting the main body and assisting the forming. Therefore, the innermost layer of the leaky waveguide is an inner core 1, and the cross section of the inner core 1 can be in various forms such as a circle, a semicircle, an oval, an ellipse, a polygon, a rectangle and the like; secondly, due to the special supporting function, the inner core 1 is determined to have certain toughness and rigidity, and the strength of the leaky waveguide is increased, so that the leaky waveguide is not easy to damage, break and other adverse conditions.

Generally, materials with the characteristics of high temperature resistance, high tensile strength, low dielectric constant and the like can be used, the materials mainly comprise a single core and a composite core, the diameter of the single core is generally selected to be about 0.1-20 mm, one or a combination of more of aromatic polymers such as Polyimide (PI), Polyethylene (PE), polyaryl ether, SiLK and the like, fluorine-doped materials such as fluorine-doped silicon dioxide and Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), silicon materials such as polysiloxane and the like and nano porous materials can be selected, the materials are processed by a twisting process, and the twisted surface is smooth and has no burrs; or selecting a composite inner core with a slightly smaller diameter, wherein the diameter is generally selected to be about 0.1mm-10mm, the composite inner core is formed by weaving glass fibers, aramid fibers, polyethylene fibers, unsaturated resin, epoxy resin and other materials, and one or more layers of aryl polymers, fluorine-doped materials, silicon materials, nano porous materials and other materials are coated on the outer wall of the composite inner core in an extrusion molding manner, so that subsequent foaming is facilitated.

A foaming layer 2 is arranged outside the inner core 1. The layer is covered with a layer of foaming medium in the forms of physical foaming, cross-linking foaming and the like, the material of the foaming medium can be plastic (PE, EVA and the like), rubber (SBR, CR and the like), resin and the like, the foaming medium is controlled by a foaming mould to be made into a circular structure as shown in figure 2, and the cross section of a final foaming product is made to be in various forms such as a semicircle, an oval, an ellipse, a polygon, a rectangle, a square and the like through a cutting process, as shown in figure 4.

And the foaming layer is wrapped with an outer conductor layer made of a metal material. The outer conductor layer 3 is made of a metal strip material, such as copper, aluminum, silver, etc., with a thickness generally selected from 0.01mm to 0.5mm, and is formed into an array by uniformly spacing a plurality of gaps in the axial direction, the general gaps may be rectangular, oblong, square, and the combination form may be "pi", "straight", "splay", "L", "U", "T", "E", etc., as shown in fig. 5. The metal material can also make the metal skin in a corrugated shape through the binding, thereby increasing the mechanical strength and being easy to bend. The metal is wrapped outside the foam layer to form an outer conductor layer, as shown in fig. 6.

The leaky waveguide which is wrapped by the outer conductor layer 3 is also provided with a protective sleeve 4. The layer is made of insulating materials such as neoprene, polyurethane, polyethylene, silicon rubber, polyolefin, polyvinyl chloride and the like, the protection of the leaky dielectric waveguide is enhanced, the mechanical property and the environmental adaptability of the component can be enhanced, the service life is prolonged, and the section structure of the layer is shown in figure 7.

The leaky waveguide of the present invention can be manufactured by the following method.

Firstly, manufacturing an inner core

The inner core 1 mainly comprises two forms of a single core or a composite core, the diameter of the single core is generally selected to be about 0.1-20 mm, the material is generally selected to be a material with the characteristics of high temperature resistance, high tensile strength, low dielectric constant and the like, and the single core mainly uses the following four main materials: aryl polymers such as Polyimide (PI), Polyethylene (PE), polyaryl ether, and SiLK; fluorine-doped materials such as fluorine-doped silica and Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE); silicon materials such as polysiloxane and the like and nano porous materials ensure that the surface of the core wire is smooth and no burrs exist while the core wire is in a rope shape by increasing the twist.

Or selecting a composite inner core with a slightly smaller diameter, wherein the general diameter is selected to be about 0.1-10 mm, the composite inner core is made of materials such as glass fiber, aramid fiber, polyethylene fiber, unsaturated resin, epoxy resin and the like by a weaving method by using an aramid fiber stranding machine, and the outer wall of the composite inner core is coated with a thin layer or layers of materials such as aryl polymer, fluorine-doped material, silicon material or nano porous material by extrusion molding, so that subsequent foaming is facilitated.

Secondly, manufacturing of foaming layer

Selecting materials such as plastics (PE, EVA and the like), rubbers (SBR, CR and the like), resins and the like, carrying out soft foaming outside the manufactured inner core 1 in a foaming mode such as physical foaming, cross-linking foaming and the like, and then manufacturing a required foaming layer in a cutting mode. The cutting process can use modes such as cutting by a cutting saw, laser cutting, plasma cutting, linear cutting, water cutting and the like, wherein the cutting mode of the cutting saw is to pull the preliminarily foamed waveguide by using a tractor and then cut the preliminarily foamed foaming medium by using a set blade, as shown in fig. 3; the laser cutting is to irradiate the preliminarily foamed waveguide by using a high-power-density laser beam according to a set overall dimension, so that the preliminarily foamed waveguide is rapidly melted, vaporized and ablated, and simultaneously, the melted foaming material is blown off by means of high-speed airflow coaxial with the laser beam, so that the cutting and separation are realized; plasma cutting is a mode of melting or evaporating a foaming layer subjected to primary foaming at a cut according to a set outline dimension by utilizing the heat of a high-temperature plasma arc, and removing a foaming material by virtue of the momentum of high-speed plasma so as to form the cut; the linear cutting is to use a moving metal wire as a tool electrode, pulse current is conducted between the metal wire and the waveguide after primary foaming, and a foaming layer is cut into a shape which is required by people by using the corrosion action of pulse discharge; the water cutting is high-pressure water jet cutting, and the preliminarily foamed waveguide is cut into a desired shape by utilizing high-pressure water flow and through computer control. In the method, the cutting process is low in cost, the cut shape can be in various forms such as a semi-circle, an oblong, an ellipse, a polygon, a rectangle, a square and the like according to actual needs, wherein the schematic diagram of cutting by the oblong cutting saw is shown in fig. 4.

Three, longitudinal bag

The outer conductor material is wrapped on the outer layer of the cut foaming material to manufacture the outer conductor layer 3 in a longitudinal wrapping mode, the outer conductor material is generally made of metal materials such as metal strips of copper, aluminum, silver and the like, the thickness is generally selected to be 0.01-0.5 mm, the outer conductor needs to be punched at first, a plurality of gaps are uniformly formed in the axial direction at intervals to form a gap array, the general gaps can be rectangular, long round and square, and the combination form can be 'pi' -shaped, 'straight', 'eight' -shaped, 'L' -shaped, 'U' -shaped, 'T' -shaped 'E' -shaped and the like. Then, the metal strip is corrugated through embossing, the mechanical strength is increased, then, the outer conductor is coated on the outer layer of the foaming layer through the calculated width of the outer conductor and through mold control, the common lap distance is 2-20mm, and the schematic diagram of the long circular longitudinal package is shown in the following figure 6.

Fourth, extrusion molding

Through the three steps, the leaky dielectric waveguide is basically formed, and finally, an outer sheath 4 is extruded on the surface of the leaky dielectric waveguide, materials such as chloroprene rubber, polyurethane, polyethylene, silicon rubber, polyolefin, polyvinyl chloride and the like are usually used, so that an outer conductor material can be well fixed and coated on the outer wall of a foaming layer, the protection of the leaky dielectric waveguide is enhanced, the mechanical property and the environmental adaptability of the component can be enhanced, and the service life is prolonged.

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of examples.

Example one, oblong leaky waveguide

The structure is as follows: referring to fig. 8, the long circular leaky medium waveguide comprises an inner core 1, a foaming layer 2, an outer conductor layer 3 and a sheath 4.

Materials: the inner core 1 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene materials, the foaming layer 2 is made of plastic polyethylene in a physical foaming mode, the outer conductor layer 3 is made of copper materials (TU1) with the thickness of 0.3mm, and the outer sheath 4 is made of black polyethylene insulating sheath materials.

Production: firstly, selecting a polytetrafluoroethylene rod as a core wire, carrying out polyethylene foaming on the core wire, then cutting the core wire into a long circle by using laser, longitudinally coating an outer conductor layer 3 which is punched with splayed holes and subjected to embossing on the surface, and finally carrying out extrusion molding, wherein the surface is coated with a black polyethylene outer sheath 4.

EXAMPLE II rectangular leaky waveguide

The structure is as follows: referring to fig. 9, the rectangular leaky dielectric waveguide includes an inner core 1, a foam layer 2, an outer conductor layer 3, and an outer sheath 4.

Materials: the inner core 1 is made of glass fiber, aramid fiber and unsaturated resin materials, and a layer of polyimide film is extruded on the outer surface; the foaming layer 2 is in a physical foaming form of styrene butadiene rubber, the outer conductor layer 3 is made of aluminum materials with the thickness of 0.1mm, and the sheath 4 is made of chloroprene rubber insulating sheath materials.

Production: firstly, weaving glass fiber, aramid fiber and unsaturated resin materials in a ratio of 1:12:1, winding, and then serving as a core wire, and extruding a layer of polyimide film on the surface of the core wire to enable the core wire to meet foaming conditions; then styrene butadiene rubber foaming is carried out on the foamed rubber, the foamed rubber is cylindrical, and the foamed rubber is cut into rectangles by a cutting saw; then longitudinally wrapping a layer of outer conductor layer 3 which is punched with the straight-line-shaped hole and is embossed on the surface, finally performing extrusion molding, and wrapping a layer of chloroprene rubber insulating outer sheath 4 on the surface.

The novel leaky waveguide provided by the utility model changes the transmission medium of the traditional leaky waveguide from air to foaming medium, and combines the structural form of the inner core, thereby greatly increasing the mechanical strength of the product, enabling the product to overcome a more severe service environment, and saving the purchasing cost and the construction cost of users; meanwhile, compared with the traditional leaky waveguide, the mechanical strength is ensured by utilizing the thickness of the outer conductor metal tube, the use thickness of the outer conductor metal strip can be greatly reduced due to the existence of the inner core medium in the novel leaky waveguide, and the production cost can be greatly reduced due to the reduction of the metal use amount; in addition, the novel leaky waveguide has a unique foaming and cutting process, so that the shape of a foamed product is better controlled, and the production cost is reduced to a certain extent; and because of the existence of the foaming medium, the novel leaky waveguide has no problems of air tightness and the like, the problems of waveguide oxidation or air leakage and the like are not easy to occur, and the later maintenance cost is saved. To sum up, the utility model discloses can overcome leaky waveguide present intensity low, with high costs, the installation is complicated, the later maintenance difficulty scheduling problem well to make the cost of the waveguide of all kinds of shapes all at reasonable interval.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are all covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A leaky waveguide, characterized in that: the anti-corrosion foaming core is composed of an inner core (1), a foaming layer (2), an outer conductor layer (3) and an outer sheath (4), wherein the inner core (1) is a core wire made of an insulating material, the foaming layer (2) made of the foaming material is arranged outside the inner core, the outer conductor layer (3) made of a metal strip material with a gap is wrapped outside the foaming layer (2), and the outer sheath (4) made of the insulating material is wrapped outside the outer conductor layer (3).

2. A leaky waveguide as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the structure of the inner core (1) can be a single-strand structure or a composite structure, and the inner core with the single-strand structure is formed by twisting one or more of aryl polymer, fluorine-doped material, silicon material and nano-porous material; the core wire of the composite core is firstly woven by one or a combination of more of glass fiber, aramid fiber and polyethylene fiber, unsaturated resin and epoxy resin together, and then the core wire is wrapped by aryl polymer, fluorine-doped material, silicon material and nano porous material.

3. A leaky waveguide as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the foaming layer (2) is made of plastic, rubber and resin materials.

4. A leaky waveguide as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the cross section of the foaming layer (2) can be semicircular, oblong, oval, polygonal, rectangular or square.

5. A leaky waveguide as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the outer conductor layer (3) is made of a metal strip made of copper, aluminum or silver, an array consisting of a plurality of gaps is uniformly arranged in the axis direction, and the metal strip is corrugated through embossing and then covers the foaming layer (2).

6. A leaky waveguide as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the shape of the gap of the outer conductor layer (3) can be rectangular, oblong or square, and the combination form can be pi-shaped, straight-line-shaped, splayed, L-shaped, U-shaped, T-shaped or E-shaped.

7. A leaky waveguide as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the material of the outer sheath (4) can be neoprene, polyurethane, polyethylene, silicon rubber, polyolefin and polyvinyl chloride.