CN210264534U - Shield type drill bit for excavating mine pit - Google Patents
Shield type drill bit for excavating mine pit Download PDFInfo
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- CN210264534U CN210264534U CN201920986285.9U CN201920986285U CN210264534U CN 210264534 U CN210264534 U CN 210264534U CN 201920986285 U CN201920986285 U CN 201920986285U CN 210264534 U CN210264534 U CN 210264534U
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to machinery excavates the field, especially a shield formula drill bit of excavation thunder hole. A mine pit for hard bottom excavation, comprising: fluted disc: the movable fluted disc comprises main teeth, side teeth, a movable fluted disc and a fluted disc seat, wherein the main teeth are arranged on the movable fluted disc in a linear manner, the side teeth are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the fluted disc seat, and the movable fluted disc is arranged on the fluted disc seat; drilling a barrel: the gear disc type gear transmission device comprises a power shaft connector and a cylinder body, wherein one end of the cylinder body is open, the other end of the cylinder body is closed, a gear disc is assembled at one open end, and the closed end of the cylinder body is provided with the power shaft connector; uncovering the mechanism: the gear disc seat is arranged at the closed end of the cylinder body and inside the cylinder body and used for fixing and releasing the gear disc seat. The utility model provides a shield formula drill bit, through setting up side tooth and main tooth, can excavate out the circular flat pit that has certain degree of depth, shape rule, size accuracy fast on stereoplasm ground such as clay, gravel soil, frozen soil. The fan-shaped waste residue collecting port and the movable fluted disc are arranged on the fluted disc seat, so that the waste residue is collected and lifted in a centralized manner.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of mechanical excavation, and particularly relates to a shield type drill bit for excavating a mine pit.
Background
A mine pit generally refers to a circular flat pit of a certain diameter and depth for burying a mine. At present, when mines are manually laid by military forces of various countries, mine pits are excavated, and an individual soldier uses an industrial shovel to manually operate. Although the equipment needed for manually excavating the mine pit is few and the organization is flexible, the excavating efficiency is low and the quality of the mine pit is difficult to guarantee under the hard ground conditions of dry loess, clay, frozen soil, gravel ground and the like. The development of a drill bit which is driven by a general power device and can replace manual work to excavate a mine pit on hard ground, improves the working efficiency and the working quality, and solves the problem urgently. The most common round hole digging drill bit at present is a spiral digging drill bit which has low cost and simple operation and works efficiently under the condition of low soil hardness.
The spiral pit-digging drill bit is usually powered by a gasoline (diesel) engine or a rotary pile-digging machine, a power head device of a drilling machine provides torque for a drill rod, a pressurizing device transmits pressure to the drill bit through the drill rod, the drill bit tunnels downwards in the axial direction under the action of the pressure and blade traction force, the drill bit rotates to drive blades to cut rock soil, part of waste residues ascend to the ground surface along the inclination angle of the spiral blades and scatter around a pit, the drill bit is lifted after the drill bit is excavated to a preset depth, and part of the waste residues are lifted to the ground surface under the action of the blade friction force to form a. The method is mainly used for afforestation, agricultural production, electric power facility construction, pile pit excavation and the like, and is suitable for loess layers, clay layers and the like. The diameter of the spiral pit digging drill bit is generally 200-1500mm, the maximum hole forming depth of the drill bit for agriculture and forestry is 2m, and the maximum hole forming depth of the drill bit for the pile machine can reach 15 m.
The spiral digging drill bit is suitable for rock-soil media with relatively low hardness and relatively uniform density, such as loess layers, clay layers and the like, and for uneven rock-soil containing impurities, such as gravel and the like, frozen soil, hardened clay and the like, the drill bit has low operation efficiency and even can be damaged; the top of the spiral digging drill bit is in a large-angle conical shape, and the bottom of the dug pit is in a funnel shape, so that the requirement of leveling the pit bottom cannot be met. During the tunneling process of the spiral digging drill, the blades cut and throw out soil, so that waste residues cannot be collected in a centralized manner, and the camouflage of a mine laying area is not facilitated. Part waste residue promotes the earth's surface along with the blade when promoting the drill bit, if the operation area ground is dry, in part waste residue still can fall back the pot hole, after the drill bit promoted the hole, needs artifical scarfing cinder, and degree of automation is not high, influences the operating efficiency.
The basic requirements of the pit excavation are as follows: one is to act rapidly. The mine laying operation is a military operation, and the operation must be carried out quickly on the premise of ensuring the quality, otherwise the operation is influenced, and even the life of the operating personnel is threatened. The second is flat bottom, straight wall and round pit, i.e. regular shape. The regular pit shape is an important condition for preventing the mine from inclining and displacing under the action of external force and ensuring the quasi-explosion of the mine. Thirdly, the size is accurate and the specification is uniform. The mines are various in types, the mines of different types are obviously different in appearance size and embedding requirements, and the size and specification of a mine pit must be matched with the appearance size and the embedding requirements of the mines so that the mines can be reliably set and reliably detonated. Fourthly, waste residues are collected as intensively as possible, so that the landform original shape is recovered after the mine laying operation is completed, and the landform original shape is prevented from being easily identified by an enemy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a shield type drill bit and a method for excavating a mine pit on a hard bottom surface.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a shield type drill bit for excavating a mine pit on a hard bottom surface, comprising:
fluted disc: the movable fluted disc comprises main teeth, side teeth, a movable fluted disc and a fluted disc seat, wherein the main teeth are arranged on the movable fluted disc in a linear manner, the side teeth are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the fluted disc seat, and the movable fluted disc is arranged on the fluted disc seat;
drilling a barrel: the gear disc type gear transmission device comprises a power shaft connector and a cylinder body, wherein one end of the cylinder body is open, the other end of the cylinder body is closed, a gear disc is assembled at one open end, and the power shaft connector is arranged at the closed end;
uncovering the mechanism: the gear disc seat is arranged at the closed end of the cylinder body and inside the cylinder body and used for fixing and releasing the gear disc seat.
Furthermore, the number of the main teeth is multiple, and the main teeth are divided into two groups, and the directions of the two groups of the main teeth are opposite; the side teeth are multiple.
Furthermore, the number of the main teeth is 5, one group of the main teeth comprises 3 main teeth, the other group of the main teeth comprises 2 main teeth, and the number of the side teeth is four.
Furthermore, two fan-shaped waste residue collecting ports are symmetrically distributed in the center of the fluted disc seat, and the movable fluted disc is rotated to open and close the fan-shaped waste residue collecting ports.
Further, the gear plate seat is connected with the cylinder body through a trunnion, and a locking/releasing pin hole is assembled on the inner wall of the gear plate seat.
Further, the uncovering mechanism comprises a linkage deflector rod, a locking limit stop, a releasing limit stop and a positioning seat, and the tail end of the linkage deflector rod is provided with a flat pin;
the upper end face of the cylinder body seal is provided with an opening, the locking limit stop and the releasing limit stop are arranged on the upper end face of the cylinder body seal, the positioning seat is arranged on the cylinder body wall, the positioning seat is provided with a through hole, and the opening of the upper end face of the cylinder body, the through hole on the positioning seat and the locking/releasing pin hole are positioned on the same vertical axis;
the gear disc seat is fixed and released by rotating the linkage deflector rod and the flat pin on the linkage deflector rod.
Furthermore, the power shaft interface is positioned in the center of the closed end at the upper end of the cylinder body.
Furthermore, the cylinder body has the height of 150-200mm, the outer diameter of 250-300mm and the thickness of 5-8 mm.
The method for excavating the mine pit by using the drill bit comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: checking before operation;
the second step is that: starting an external power system, and driving the drill bit to axially rotate at a high speed through a power shaft interface;
the third step: the side teeth firstly contact the ground, the drill cylinder drives the side teeth to tunnel towards the ground, after the side teeth drill to a certain depth, the main teeth contact the ground, and the fluted disc seat drives the main teeth to tunnel towards the ground;
the fourth step: when the tunneling depth reaches a specified depth, the drill bit stops tunneling downwards, an external power system drives the drill bit to keep the same depth to rotate reversely through a power shaft interface, and a fan-shaped waste residue collecting port is closed;
the fifth step: stopping an external power system, lifting a drill bit upwards, lifting waste residues out, and moving the waste residues to the position near a mine pit;
and a sixth step: the linkage deflector rod is manually rotated clockwise to the release limit stop, the fluted disc seat is released, the fluted disc seat is opened downwards around the trunnion, and waste residues are released; after the waste residue release finishes, place the drill bit on ground, the fluted disc seat is upwards closed around the trunnion, and anticlockwise manual rotation linkage driving lever to locking limit stop department, fluted disc seat is locked, and the drill bit resumes initial state, continues next operation flow.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
(1) the utility model provides a shield formula drill bit, through setting up side tooth and main tooth, can excavate out the circular flat pit that has certain degree of depth, shape rule, size accuracy fast on stereoplasm such as clay, gravel soil, frozen soil, forms thunder hole side and bottom surface.
(2) The utility model provides a shield formula drill bit, through set up fan-shaped waste residue collection mouth at the fluted disc seat, and through the movable fluted disc that sets up "butterfly shape", can realize the collection and the promotion of waste residue, do not need artifical scarfing cinder, saved work flow, and realized the concentrated collection of waste residue, do benefit to the camouflage of mine laying area.
(3) The shield type drill bit realizes the release of waste residues by arranging the cover opening mechanism between the cylinder and the fluted disc seat.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a shield-type drill bit of the present application.
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a shield-type drill bit of the present application.
FIG. 3 is a top view of a shield-type drill bit of the present application.
FIG. 4 is a bottom view of a shield-style drill bit of the present application.
FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a shield-type drill bit of the present application.
FIG. 6 is a three-dimensional view of a bottom view of a shield-type drill bit of the present application.
Description of reference numerals:
1-power shaft interface, 2-linkage deflector rod, 3-cylinder, 4-gear disc seat, 5-side tooth, 6-trunnion, 7-locking limit stop, 8-releasing limit stop, 9-positioning seat, 10-locking/releasing pin hole, 11-flat pin, 12-sector waste residue collection port, 13-main tooth and 14-movable gear disc.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures.
The invention adopts a mode of collecting waste slag while rotating and tunneling, quickly, regularly and accurately finishes the cutting of the side surface and the bottom surface of the circular flat pit on the hard ground, quickly discharges the waste slag, and meets the basic requirements of the mine pit excavation standard.
The invention mainly comprises three parts of a fluted disc, a drill cylinder and a cover opening mechanism, wherein the fluted disc comprises a main tooth 13, a side tooth 5, a movable fluted disc 14 and a fluted disc seat 4, the drill cylinder comprises a power shaft connector 1 and a cylinder body 3, and the cover opening mechanism comprises a positioning seat 9, a linkage deflector rod 2, a release limit stop 8 and a locking limit stop 7.
The drill bit outward appearance is one end opening one end confined thin wall barrel 3, and opening one end is equipped with the fluted disc, seals one end and internally mounted and has uncapping the mechanism. The 3 specifications of barrel can be changed according to the mine pit excavation requirements of mines of different models, taking a drill bit corresponding to a certain type of mine as an example, the drill barrel is 170mm high, 280mm in outer diameter and 6.5mm in barrel wall thickness. Four side teeth 5 are equidistantly distributed on the lower edge of the opening of the drill cylinder, and a power shaft connector 1 is assembled at the closed end of the cylinder 3. The fluted disc is assembled at one end of the opening of the drill cylinder and is 70mm away from the lower edge of the opening; the fluted disc seat 4 is connected with the cylinder 3 through a trunnion 6, the inner wall of the fluted disc seat 4 is provided with a locking/releasing pin hole 10, and 2 fan-shaped waste residue collecting ports 12 are symmetrically distributed in the middle; the 5 main teeth 13 are arranged on the movable fluted disc 14 in a line and are divided into 2 groups, 1 group of 3 main teeth, 1 group of 2 main teeth and 2 groups of main teeth with opposite directions. The positioning seat 9 of the cover opening mechanism is assembled on the inner wall of the closed end of the cylinder body, the linkage deflector rod 2 is assembled in the positioning seat 9, the linkage deflector rod can rotate freely between the releasing limit stop 8 and the locking limit stop 7, and the tail end of the linkage deflector rod is provided with a flat pin 11.
The drill bit can be driven by external power to quickly, regularly and accurately finish one-time excavation of the side surface and the bottom surface of a mine pit on a hard ground, the waste slag is lifted to the ground and released to a specified position, the solution is as follows, ①, the one-time excavation of the side surface and the bottom surface of the mine pit, ② collection of the waste slag by the side teeth 5 and the main teeth 13 can quickly excavate a circular flat pit with a certain depth, a regular shape and an accurate size on the hard ground such as clay, gravel soil and frozen soil through the rotating speed and the torque force provided by the external power, the drill bit rotates clockwise by 60 degrees under the action of the bottom surface resistance, the sector waste slag collection port 12 is opened, the waste slag enters the inner space of the drill cylinder from the 2 sector waste slag collection ports 12 while the cylinder 3 rotates clockwise, the drill bit rotates counterclockwise by the same depth when excavating to the preset depth, the drill bit rotates counterclockwise by the sector waste slag collection port 12, the sector waste slag collection port 12 closes the pin hole ③ and releases the trunnion, the slag collection port is locked by the lower stop dog, the lower stop dog.
The invention can rapidly, regularly and accurately excavate the mine pits with various specifications on the hard ground, and has the characteristics of high operation speed, regular pit excavation shape (namely flat bottom, straight wall and round pit), accurate size and uniform specification, and can collect waste residues in a centralized manner. Test results show that the time for digging a standard mine pit with the diameter of 270mm and the depth of 100mm in the three-level soil is not more than 40s, the working efficiency is 4.5 times of that of manual digging, the errors of the diameter and the depth are less than 10mm, and the waste residue loss is less than 20%. The mines are arranged in the mine pits excavated by the method, the size is matched, the operation is convenient, the pit waste rate is low, the camouflage effect is good, and the fighting efficiency of the mines can be obviously improved.
The excavation method comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: checking before operation: the inspection content of the external power system comprises whether the oil quantity and the quality of the engine meet the operating conditions or not, whether the engine operates normally or not, whether the power shaft interface 1 is fixed firmly or not and the like; the checking contents of the drill bit comprise whether all parts are deformed, whether a space in the cylinder 3 and the locking/unlocking pin hole 10 are plugged, whether the main tooth 13 and the side tooth 5 are loosened and damaged, and whether the trunnion 6 and the movable fluted disc 14 rotate smoothly; whether the linkage deflector rod 2 rotates smoothly, whether the disengagement limit stop 8 and the locking limit stop 7 are firm, and the like.
The second step is that: starting an external power system, and driving the drill bit to axially rotate at a high speed through the power shaft interface 1;
the third step: the side teeth 5 firstly contact the ground, the drill cylinder drives the side teeth 5 to tunnel towards the ground, after the side teeth are drilled to a certain depth, the main teeth 13 contact the ground, and the fluted disc seat 4 drives the main teeth 13 to tunnel towards the ground;
the fourth step: when the tunneling depth reaches a specified depth (namely the fluted disc seat 4 reaches the bottom depth of a preset mine), the drill bit stops tunneling downwards, an external power system drives the drill bit to keep the same depth to reverse through a power shaft interface 1, and a fan-shaped waste residue collection port 12 is closed;
the fifth step: stopping an external power system, lifting a drill bit upwards, lifting waste residues out, and moving the waste residues to the position near a mine pit;
and a sixth step: the linkage deflector rod 2 is manually rotated clockwise to a release limit stop 8, the fluted disc seat 4 is released, the fluted disc seat is opened downwards around the trunnion 6, and waste residues are released; after the waste residue release finishes, place the drill bit on ground, fluted disc seat 4 is closed upwards around trunnion 6, and anticlockwise manual rotation links driving lever 2 to locking limit stop 7 department, and fluted disc seat 4 is locked, and the drill bit resumes initial state, continues next operation flow.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a shield formula drill bit in excavation thunder hole which characterized in that for stereoplasm bottom surface excavation thunder hole, includes:
fluted disc: the movable fluted disc type gear rack comprises main teeth (13), side teeth (5), a movable fluted disc (14) and a fluted disc seat (4), wherein the main teeth (13) are arranged on the movable fluted disc (14) in a line, the side teeth (5) are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the fluted disc seat, and the movable fluted disc (14) is arranged on the fluted disc seat (4);
drilling a barrel: the gear disc type gear transmission device comprises a power shaft connector (1) and a cylinder body (3), wherein one end of the cylinder body (3) is open, the other end of the cylinder body is closed, a gear disc is assembled at one end of the open end, and the power shaft connector (1) is arranged at one closed end;
uncovering the mechanism: the gear disc seat is arranged at the closed end of the cylinder body (3) and inside the cylinder body (3) and used for fixing and releasing the gear disc seat (4).
2. Drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that the main teeth (13) are plural, divided into two groups, the two groups of main teeth being oppositely directed; the number of the side teeth (5) is multiple.
3. Drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that the number of main teeth (13) is 5, one set comprising 3 main teeth and the other set comprising 2 main teeth, and that the number of sideteeth (5) is four.
4. The drill bit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the two fan-shaped waste residue collecting ports (12) are distributed on the gear plate base (4) in a central symmetry manner, and the movable gear plate (14) is rotated to realize the opening and closing of the fan-shaped waste residue collecting ports (12).
5. Drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that the disc seat (4) is connected to the barrel (3) by means of trunnions (6), the inner wall of the disc seat (4) being fitted with locking/unlocking pin holes (10).
6. The drill bit according to claim 5, characterized in that the uncovering mechanism comprises a linkage deflector rod (2), a locking limit stop (7), a releasing limit stop (8) and a positioning seat (9), wherein the linkage deflector rod (2) is terminated by a flat pin (11);
the upper end face of the cylinder body (3) is provided with an opening, the locking limit stop (7) and the unlocking limit stop (8) are arranged on the upper end face of the cylinder body (3) which is closed, the positioning seat (9) is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder body (3), the positioning seat (9) is provided with a through hole, and the opening of the upper end face of the cylinder body, the through hole on the positioning seat and the locking/unlocking pin hole are positioned on the same vertical axis;
the gear disc seat (4) is fixed and released by rotating the linkage deflector rod (2) and the flat pin (11) on the linkage deflector rod.
7. The drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that the power shaft interface (1) is located in the center of the closed end of the upper end of the cylinder (3).
8. The drill bit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the barrel (3) has a barrel height of 150 mm and an outer diameter of 250 mm and a barrel wall thickness of 5-8 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920986285.9U CN210264534U (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2019-06-28 | Shield type drill bit for excavating mine pit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920986285.9U CN210264534U (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2019-06-28 | Shield type drill bit for excavating mine pit |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN210264534U true CN210264534U (en) | 2020-04-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201920986285.9U Active CN210264534U (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2019-06-28 | Shield type drill bit for excavating mine pit |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110284839A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-27 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | Shield type drill bit and method for excavating mine pit |
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2019
- 2019-06-28 CN CN201920986285.9U patent/CN210264534U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110284839A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-27 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | Shield type drill bit and method for excavating mine pit |
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