CN210250034U - Pedicle screw and rod fixing system with double-micro-dynamic function - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a be applied to the medical treatment that uses in bone surgery and neurosurgery, specifically be exactly one kind both can be used to conventional open operation, also can be applied to among the present popular minimal access surgery, have the pedicle of vertebral arch nail stick fixing system of two micro-dynamic functions, its characterized in that: the pedicle screws and the connecting rods in the pedicle screw rod system respectively have micro-dynamic function flexible constraint capacity, and parts or structures with movable functions in the traditional connecting rods and dynamic screws are replaced by small sections of columnar springs.

Description

Pedicle screw and rod fixing system with double-micro-dynamic function

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a human implant that orthopedics and neurosurgery were used, especially a pedicle screw stick fixing system who has two fine motion state functions that make according to "non-fusion is fixed" theory, connective bar and pedicle screw all have fine motion state function.

Background

At present, the pedicle screw and rod fixing system used in orthopedic surgery is composed of a plurality of pedicle screws (hereinafter referred to as "screws") and a connecting rod (hereinafter referred to as "rod") for connecting the pedicle screws, the early pedicle screw and rod fixing system is manufactured according to the theory of rigid fixation and fusion called "golden law", and is characterized in that: the connecting rod is a rigid rod, although each pedicle screw is distinguished by a single-axis screw and a universal screw, the whole pedicle screw rod system and the implanted pathological vertebral body are fixed into a whole without relative movement at the tail section of the operation, namely after the screw plug locks the connecting rod; however, as the academic world continues to develop, people invent a phenomenon that: when each vertebral body after operation can keep tiny relative movement, the possible damage caused by stress concentration of adjacent segments can be reduced, and the rehabilitation is facilitated; therefore, a product "dynamic rod" and "dynamic nail" with micro dynamic function, which are developed according to the "non-fusion fixation" theory, also called "non-rigid fixation" theory, are applied clinically, and although both produce the expected good clinical effect, they have the defect that they are worth improving: for example, the dynamic rod of patent No. CN 102475571a named as "link structure" has a large outer diameter of its active section, so it cannot be applied in minimally invasive surgery, and its large volume is still a clinical problem; for another example, a dynamic nail with patent number CN 202136405U, named as "micro-increment supporting pedicle screw", is also limited in popularization and application due to its higher incisal track and complex structure, which may cause abrasion; more importantly, both of the above two, respectively, perform the oligodynamic function from the "stick" or "nail" alone, as evidenced by the latest academic studies: if the rod and the nail can simultaneously present the function of micro-dynamic, the whole pedicle screw-rod system can realize the movement with more dimensions to adapt to complex spinal motion, and has great rehabilitation effect on recovering the vertebral height which is compressed and flattened due to trauma or pathological changes, solving the lumbar instability and other cases relating to the field of neurosurgery.

Disclosure of Invention

For solving the above-mentioned pedicle of vertebral arch nail stick system in clinical, the technical problem who exists at present, the utility model discloses a develop out according to the fixed theory of newest "non-fusion and be applied to clinical two flexible pedicle of vertebral arch nail stick fixed systems that have two fine dynamic functions of nail stick, the specific technical scheme of the utility model is that: the metal wire with high elastic modulus is selected and wound into a small section of cylindrical spring to replace a part or a structure which plays a role in movement in a connecting rod with a micro dynamic function and a dynamic nail, and the two parts, namely the flexible rod and the flexible nail, are combined and applied to clinic, so that a nail-rod double-flexible pedicle nail-rod system which has low incisional marks, simple structure, no abrasion and a micro dynamic function simultaneously is formed, and the nail-rod double-flexible pedicle nail-rod system can be simultaneously suitable for open or minimally invasive surgeries of orthopedics and neurosurgery.

Different from the dynamic nail which is gradually popularized in clinic and has the micro-dynamic function by using a ball head on the nail body and a hemispherical cavity in the nail seat as swing auxiliary action active areas, the utility model discloses an active area which can generate the micro-dynamic function and is realized by using a small spring; the spring can store and release energy, when the vertebral body is acted by external force such as bending, extrusion and the like, the spring can absorb and release energy after the external force disappears, so that the vertebral body returns to a normal state, and the micro-dynamic function of 'flexible constraint' is realized, so that the self-moving vertebral body is more suitable for the natural moving state of a human body.

Further, the utility model discloses a two flexible pedicle of vertebral arch nail stick fixing system of nail stick comprises connective bar (hereinafter flexible stick) and a plurality of pieces of pedicle of vertebral arch nail (hereinafter flexible nail) that have flexible restraint function with flexible restraint function.

Furthermore, the flexible rod is formed by welding a section of rigid metal round rod at each end of a small section of cylindrical spring called as an active section, and the outer diameter of the cylindrical spring is not larger than that of the metal round rod; preferably, one end of the rigid section is made into a conical shape, namely a head section, so as to be conveniently and percutaneously inserted into the U-shaped groove at the upper end of the pedicle screw; the opposite end is called the tail section.

Still further, the flexible rod can be made into a single-section flexible rod suitable for elastic fixation of a single section, a single-section and double-section flexible rod suitable for fixation of two adjacent sections, a single-section flexible rod or a multi-section flexible rod suitable for fixation of multiple adjacent sections or jumping-shaped distribution of multiple sections, wherein the elastic sections are distributed in different sections according to the quantity of the fixed sections and the requirements of each fixed section on rigid fixation and elastic fixation.

Furthermore, in the flexible rod, a concave groove or a spiral core shape matched with the cylindrical spring is processed at the joint of the metal round rod of the rigid section and the cylindrical spring of the movable section, so that the firmness of welding connection with the cylindrical spring is increased; in clinical application, the rigid section is arranged in the nail seat of the elastic nail and is locked by the screw plug; the movable section becomes a movable area in which the rigid sections at the two ends move relatively.

Furthermore, the flexible nail also comprises a movable section, a nail body, a nail seat and a screw plug; the screw plug is used in the traditional pedicle screw, so that the research and development cost is saved and the interchangeability can be realized; the movable section is also composed of a small section and a cylindrical spring adopted by the flexible rod, two ends of the movable section are respectively connected with the nail body and the nail seat and are firmly welded to form a whole, so that the nail body and the nail seat can move relatively through the movable section.

Furthermore, the nail body is a nail body with an external thread and is used for being implanted into a diseased vertebral body; the upper end surface of the nail body is processed with a groove matched with the end surface of the columnar spring, and the groove can be effectively welded with the columnar spring with high quality.

Furthermore, the nail seat is a cylinder and is provided with a U-shaped through groove passing through the axis of the nail seat, an opening above the U-shaped through groove is provided with an internal thread matched with the screw plug, and the nail seat is processed with a through hole with internal thread property matched with the outer surface of the cylindrical spring along the axis direction of the nail seat; the cylindrical spring is screwed into the hole, after the set notch height is adjusted, the cylindrical spring is welded into a whole, redundant parts are cut off to adapt to the rigid section for bearing the connecting rod, and the welded and trimmed cylindrical spring becomes a movable section in which the nail seat and the nail body can move relatively under the state.

Furthermore, the cylindrical spring of the movable section of the flexible rod or the flexible nail can be wound by different wire diameters according to clinical requirements, or can be made into a dense spring or a sparse spring by selecting different pitches, but the outer diameter of the cylindrical spring cannot be larger than the rigid section of the connected elastic rod and the nail body of the elastic nail.

The invention has the advantages of realizing multidirectional micromotion, and being convenient for realizing percutaneous minimally invasive implantation because no thick part exists on the whole rod circumference.

Drawings

The invention will be further described with reference to the following drawings and detailed description: fig. 1 is a two-dimensional view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an effect diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 3 illustrates two connection schemes for the flexible rod assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 4 illustrates a connection scheme of the flexible nail assembly of the present invention;

wherein: a flexible connecting rod 1; a flexible pedicle screw 2; fixing the pedicle screw 3;

an active segment 11 in the flexible rod; a tail rigid section 12 in the flexible rod; a head rigid section 13 in the flexible rod; a connecting groove 121 in the flexible rod; a connecting screw core 122 in the flexible rod;

a movable section 21 in the flexible nail; a body 22 of the flexible nail; a connection concave groove 221 of the nail body; external threads 222 of the shank;

a staple seat 23 in the flexible staple; attachment holes 231 in the nail holder; a U-shaped slot 232 in the nail seat; a plug screw 24 in the flexible nail;

the specific implementation mode is as follows:

referring to the two-dimensional diagram shown in fig. 1, and combining the effect diagram of fig. 2, it can be clearly understood that the pedicle screw-rod fixing system with dual flexible constraint functions shown in the present invention is composed of a flexible connecting rod 1 (flexible rod for short) and a plurality of flexible pedicle screws 2 (flexible nails for short), and in clinical application under certain circumstances, the pedicle screws 3 (fixing nails for short) can also be connected and fixed in a mixed manner;

the movable section 11 in the flexible rod 1 is a small section of cylindrical spring wound by a metal wire with high elastic modulus, and two ends of the movable section 11 are respectively connected with an upper rigid section 12 and a lower rigid section 13; in order to make the connection more firm, in the implementation of the present invention, a concave groove 121 or a spiral core 122 matching with the cylindrical spring is processed on the connection surface of the rigid section, as shown in fig. 3;

in the development process of the utility model, through tests, if the left matching form shown in fig. 3 is adopted, the number of matched spring turns should not exceed one turn, otherwise the difficulty in processing is increased in vain, and the actually measured connection strength through welding is not obviously increased; due to the working principle of the elastic rod, the so-called 'notch' problem does not exist, so that the connection mode of connecting the connecting screw core 122 and the cylindrical spring as shown in the right side of the figure 3 can be selected, and the connection mode has the advantages that besides more welding seams, pins can be additionally arranged and fixed, so that the connection between the two is more stable.

Fig. 4 shows the appearance characteristic effect diagram and the connection schematic diagram of the flexible nail in the utility model, and it can be clearly seen from fig. 4 that the flexible nail 2 is composed of three sections with different functions: the movable section 21 of the flexible nail and the movable section 11 in the flexible rod are the same as a small section of cylindrical spring; the body 22 of the flexible nail is a section of nail with external thread 222, and its top end is equipped with a connecting concave groove 221 for connecting with the movable section 21, because in the structure of the elastic nail 2, the problem of 'notch' must be considered, therefore, the connecting part of the connecting concave groove 221 and the movable section is preferably 3/4 circles, as shown in the left side of fig. 4.

Through the sample tests conducted by the research and development group, when the connecting part of the movable section 21 and the nail body 22 in the flexible nail is 3/4 circles, the welding effect is best, and the binding force, namely the tensile resistance, meets the detection standard.

As can also be seen from fig. 4, the nail seat 23 of the flexible nail is shaped like a cylinder, and a U-shaped open through groove 232 is arranged in the middle for supporting the rigid section 12 or 13 of the flexible rod 1; the upward opening of the U-shaped open through groove 232 is provided with a section of internal thread matched with the screw plug 24, and the center line of the nail seat 23 is provided with a connecting hole 231 connected with the movable section 11.

In the actual assembly process: the movable section 11 in the flexible nail is permanently connected with the nail body 22 through the connecting concave groove 221 in a welding mode, then the other end of the movable section 21 in the flexible nail is screwed into the connecting hole 231 in the nail seat 23, and the connecting hole 231 is matched with the movable section 21 in a thread pair-like mode, so that the matching position of the movable section 21 and the nail seat 23 can be adjusted as long as the nail seat 23 is rotated, and once the distance of the movable section 21 exposed out of the nail seat 23 is determined, the nail seat 23 and the movable section 21 can be welded to be firm enough; finally, the part of the cylindrical spring in the movable section 21 extending out of the U-shaped groove 232 in the nail seat is removed, so as to achieve the purpose of not influencing the insertion of the elastic rod 1.

As it is clinically emphasized that, in addition to having the "oligodynamic" functional characteristics, it should also have low-notch physical characteristics, namely: the height of the nail seat 23 and the length of the movable section 21 extending out of the nail seat are controlled to be below 18mm in total; in the development process of the utility model, the movable section 21 is set to be 3 coils of springs; the test shows that the total length of the nail seat 23 and the movable section 21 is 16mm, and the physical performance of the nail seat meets various physical indexes and clinical requirements.

In summary, the following steps: the conclusion can be clearly drawn in the physical and functional characteristics shown in the present invention: because the flexible rod 1 is characterized in that a small section of cylindrical spring is adopted as the movable section 11 to replace the traditional movable section with larger volume, the flexible rod can be applied to minimally invasive surgery; the device has larger freedom of movement and better meets the specific clinical requirements; and in the characteristic of flexible nail, also make active segment 21 with a small segment cylindricality spring, replaced traditional dynamic nail and acted as the component of fine motion, fundamentally has solved the technical problem such as notch is too high, the structure is complicated, the part is more, inevitable friction damage, so be enough to prove, the utility model discloses sufficient novelty has.

The traditional dynamic rod or dynamic nail applied according to the theory of 'non-fusion fixation' is only used singly; according to the latest clinical research conclusion, the dynamic nail or the dynamic bar which is used alone cannot be more reasonably adapted to the complex dynamic mode of the human body; the utility model discloses, provide the excellent system of nailing of "two fine motion" to develop and adapt to this theoretical specific pedicle of vertebral arch nail excellent system, make nail and stick in the system, all have "the fine motion attitude function" of "flexible restraint", so be enough to prove, the utility model discloses sufficient creativity has.

Adopt the stick to set up with the terminal surface of the nail body and be connected concave groove 121 and 221 and cylindricality spring butt joint then welded fastening to and adopt with the cylindricality spring with the vice connection form of similar screw thread of the connecting hole 231 of nail seat can make welded fastening again after height-adjusting, can facilitate the processing operation effectively, more reach the actual effect that reduces the notch, the patient that has significantly reduced has rejected the resistance of putting into to the foreign matter, and the implant that has also significantly reduced is amazing and discomfort such as the pain that produces muscle, so can prove, the utility model discloses sufficient practicality has.

According to different opinions of various academic genres in clinical science, a mode of 'mixed matching' can be adopted, namely, the flexible rod and the flexible nail in the utility model are matched with the fixing nail belonging to the 'rigid fixing and fusion system', as shown in figure 1.

The above embodiment is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and other principles and basic structures are the same as or similar to those of the present embodiment, for example, the cylindrical spring with different coil heights and different coil numbers is wound by selecting the metal wires with different wire diameters, so as to adapt to the requirements of different clinical conditions, and the like, which are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A vertebral pedicle nail-rod fixing system with double micro dynamic functions can be applied to open type operations and minimally invasive operations in bone surgery and neurosurgery, and comprises a flexible connecting rod, a flexible vertebral pedicle nail and a screw plug; the method is characterized in that: the pedicle screw and the connecting rod are respectively a flexible pedicle screw and a flexible connecting rod, both have a micro dynamic function, and the movable parts of the pedicle screw and the connecting rod are both composed of columnar springs;

the flexible connecting rods are arranged at two ends of a section of cylindrical spring and are respectively connected and fixed with a section of rigid metal rod, and the outer diameter of the cylindrical spring is not more than that of the connected rigid metal rod;

the flexible pedicle screw is characterized in that two ends of a section of cylindrical spring are respectively connected with a screw body and a screw seat; the nail body is a nail body with an external thread; the nail seat is a cylinder with a U-shaped open through groove, and the open through groove is provided with an internal thread matched with the screw plug;

the screw plug is universal with a screw plug in a traditional pedicle screw rod system and is used for fixing the rigid metal rod of the flexible connecting rod in the U-shaped through groove on the screw seat of the flexible pedicle screw.

2. A pedicle screw and rod fixation system with a double micro dynamic function as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cylindrical spring is formed by winding a metal wire and is wound into a 'closed spring' form.

3. A pedicle screw and rod fixation system with a double micro dynamic function as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cylindrical spring is wound into a sparse spring form, and the clinical requirements are met by changing the parameters of the spring wire, such as wire diameter, coil height and the like.

4. A pedicle screw and rod fixation system with a double micro dynamic function as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the end face of the rigid metal rod in the flexible connecting rod is processed into a concave shape or a spiral core shape matched with the outer surface of the cylindrical spring, and is connected with the cylindrical spring and is permanently welded and fixed.

5. A pedicle screw and rod fixation system with a double micro dynamic function as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the flexible connecting rod has long, short and single-section elasticity, double-section elasticity and multi-section elasticity.

6. A pedicle screw and rod fixation system with a double micro dynamic function as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a through hole with internal thread property matched with the outer surface of the cylindrical spring is arranged in the axial direction of the nail seat in the flexible pedicle nail; the end face of the nail body is also provided with a groove matched with the outer surface of the cylindrical spring, and the two ends of the cylindrical spring are respectively connected with the through hole and the groove and are permanently welded and fixed.

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