CN210223217U

CN210223217U - Demonstration device for demonstrating vibration and sound transmission in ear

Info

Publication number: CN210223217U
Application number: CN201920916404.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: Yuxin Liu; 刘雨馨; Lishun Luo; 罗立顺; Fangzhi Peng; 彭方枝; Xinran Gu; 顾欣然; Ling Liu; 刘玲
Original assignee: Leshan Normal University
Current assignee: Leshan Normal University
Priority date: 2019-06-18
Filing date: 2019-06-18
Publication date: 2020-03-31
Anticipated expiration: 2029-06-18

Abstract

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that a demonstration device of vibration transaudient in ear is provided for teachers and students communicate conveniently, can closely observe, avoid student distraction. The device comprises a horn-shaped external auditory canal simulator, a tympanic membrane simulator, a malleus simulator, an incus simulator, a stapes simulator, a cochlea simulator, lymph fluid simulation liquid, a microphone with a piezoelectric ceramic piece and an oscilloscope. The device is when using, and the sound source is then beginning the sound production to external auditory canal simulator earlier, and then makes tympanic membrane simulator vibrations, and the vibrations of tympanic membrane simulator make the motion of malleus simulator and bump with the incus simulator, thereby makes incus simulator and stapes simulator bump and make the motion of stapes simulator, and stapes simulator motion just can strike the cup and then make lymph fluid simulation liquid produce vibrations, then shows through oscilloscope. The operation is simple, and the device is suitable for popularization in the field of primary school scientific teaching experimental appliances.

Description

Demonstration device for demonstrating vibration and sound transmission in ear

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the scientific teaching experiment utensil of primary school and specifically relates to a demonstration device of vibration transaudient in demonstration ear.

Background

Transmission pathway of human ear: the acoustic wave-auricle-external auditory canal-tympanic membrane-hammer bone-incus-stapes-vestibule window-external internal lymph-spiral organ-auditory nerve-auditory centre, auricle collects sound and positions, external auditory canal resonates and pressurizes, the acoustic wave vibrates tympanic membrane, and moves through auditory bone chain, wherein the vibration of stapes bottom plate causes vestibule window movement and transmits energy into internal ear external lymph, the acoustic wave becomes liquid vibration after transmitting into external lymph of internal ear, thereby causing basement membrane vibration, the hair cell static cilia of spiral organ on basement membrane bends along with the liquid vibration, biological electric activity is generated, neurotransmitter is released to stimulate the axon action potential of spiral ganglion cell. The nerve impulses generated reach the center of the auditory cortex along the auditory conduction system of the brainstem to generate the auditory sense. When teaching the ear conduction, the primary school science and the junior middle school biology course all teach the way to make students know the structure in the ear and the sound transmission by teaching or video and watching the video. However, video teaching is one-way, communication and communication between students and teachers are lacked, the students are prone to be distracted, and the phenomenon that sound waves are sequentially transmitted inside ears cannot be observed in a close-range and visual mode in video teaching.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that a demonstration device of vibration transaudient in ear is provided for teachers and students communicate conveniently, can closely observe, avoid student distraction.

The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted does: the demonstration device for demonstrating vibration and sound transmission in ears comprises a horn-shaped external auditory canal simulator, wherein the external auditory canal simulator is arranged along the horizontal direction, the left end of the external auditory canal simulator is a large-diameter end, the right end of the external auditory canal simulator is a small-diameter end, a drum-shaped tympanic membrane simulator is fixedly arranged at the small-diameter end of the external auditory canal simulator, a left drum skin of the tympanic membrane simulator is fixedly connected with the small-diameter end of the external auditory canal simulator, a support is arranged at the right side of the tympanic membrane simulator and comprises a first support rod and a second support rod, the first support rod and the second support rod are parallel and are perpendicular to a right drum skin of the tympanic membrane simulator, a spherical hammer bone simulator, an anvil bone simulator and a stapes simulator are arranged below the first support rod and the second support rod in sequence from left to right, the malleus simulator is fixed through a first pull rope and a second pull rope, one end of the first pull rope is fixed on a first supporting rod, the other end of the first pull rope is fixed on the malleus simulator, one end of the second pull rope is fixed on a second supporting rod, the other end of the second pull rope is fixed on the malleus simulator, the first pull rope and the second pull rope form a V shape, the incus simulator is fixed through a third pull rope and a fourth pull rope, one end of the third pull rope is fixed on the first supporting rod, the other end of the third pull rope is fixed on the malleus simulator, one end of the fourth pull rope is fixed on the second supporting rod, the other end of the fourth pull rope is fixed on the malleus simulator, the third pull rope and the fourth pull rope form a V shape, and the stapes simulator is fixed through a fifth pull rope and a sixth pull rope, one end of a fifth stay cord is fixed on the first supporting rod, the other end of the fifth stay cord is fixed on the hammer bone simulator, one end of a sixth stay cord is fixed on the second supporting rod, the other end of the sixth stay cord is fixed on the hammer bone simulator, the fifth stay cord and the sixth stay cord form a V shape, under an initial state, the hammer bone simulator is in contact with the right drum skin of the tympanic membrane simulator, the right side of the stapes bone simulator is provided with a cochlear simulator, a gap exists between the cochlear simulator and the stapes bone simulator, the cochlear simulator comprises a cup body, lymph fluid simulation liquid is contained in the cup body, a microphone with a piezoelectric ceramic piece is arranged on the inner side wall of the cup body, the microphone with the piezoelectric ceramic piece is arranged along the central axis direction of the cup body, the head of the microphone with the piezoelectric ceramic piece is positioned below the liquid level of the lymph fluid simulation liquid, the head of the microphone refers to the end where the pickup is located, the microphone with the piezoelectric ceramic piece is located on the right side of the inner wall of the cup body, an oscilloscope is arranged on the right side of the cochlear simulator, and the oscilloscope is connected with the microphone with the piezoelectric ceramic piece.

Further, the external auditory canal simulator is a plastic horn, the tympanic membrane simulator is a drum leather cowskin drum, the hammer simulator, the anvil simulator and the stapes simulator are table tennis balls, and the lymph fluid simulation liquid is aqueous solution.

Further, the volume of the lymph fluid simulation liquid is two thirds of the volume of the cup body.

The utility model has the advantages that: when the demonstration device for demonstrating vibration and sound transmission in ears is used, a sound source is firstly opposite to an external auditory canal simulator and then starts to generate sound, the external auditory canal simulator is further horn-shaped, a drum-shaped tympanic membrane simulator is fixedly arranged at the small-diameter end of the external auditory canal simulator, so that sound can be better collected and transmitted to the tympanic membrane simulator, and the tympanic membrane simulator vibrates, because a support is arranged at the right side of the tympanic membrane simulator and comprises a first support rod and a second support rod, the first support rod and the second support rod are parallel and are perpendicular to a right drum skin of the tympanic membrane simulator, a spherical hammer bone simulator, an anvil bone simulator and a stapes bone simulator are arranged below the first support rod and the second support rod, the hammer bone simulator, the anvil bone simulator and the stapes bone simulator are sequentially arranged from left to right, the hammer bone simulator is fixed through a first pull rope and a second pull rope, one end of the first pull rope is fixed on the first support rod, the other end of the first pull rope is fixed on the hammer bone simulator, one end of the second pull rope is fixed on the second support rod, the other end of the second pull rope is fixed on the hammer bone simulator, the first pull rope and the second pull rope form a V shape, the incus simulator is fixed on the hammer bone simulator through a third pull rope and a fourth pull rope, one end of the third pull rope is fixed on the first support rod, the other end of the third pull rope is fixed on the hammer bone simulator, one end of the fourth pull rope is fixed on the second support rod, the other end of the fourth pull rope is fixed on the hammer bone simulator, the third pull rope and the fourth pull rope form a V shape, the stapes simulator is fixed through a fifth pull rope and a sixth pull rope, one end of the fifth pull rope is fixed on the first support rod, and the other end of the fifth pull rope is fixed on the hammer bone simulator, one end of the sixth pull rope is fixed on the second support rod, the other end of the sixth pull rope is fixed on the hammer simulator, the fifth pull rope and the sixth pull rope form a V shape, the hammer simulator is in contact with the right drum skin of the tympanic membrane simulator in an initial state, vibration of the tympanic membrane simulator enables the hammer simulator to move and collide with the incus simulator, and further enables the incus simulator to collide with the stapes simulator so as to enable the stapes simulator to move, a gap exists between the cochlea simulator and the stapes simulator due to the fact that the cochlea simulator is arranged on the right side of the stapes simulator, the cochlea simulator comprises a cup body, lymph fluid simulation liquid is contained in the cup body, the movement of the stapes simulator can impact the cup body to enable the lymph fluid simulation liquid to vibrate, and the inner side wall of the cup body is provided with a microphone with a piezoelectric ceramic piece, the microphone with piezoceramics piece sets up along the central axis direction of cup, the head of the microphone with piezoceramics piece is located the liquid level below of lymph fluid analog liquid, the microphone with piezoceramics piece is located the inner wall right side of cup, the right side of cochlea simulator is provided with oscilloscope, oscilloscope and the microphone that has piezoceramics piece are connected, alright so can show the vibrations that lymph fluid analog liquid produced through oscilloscope audio-visual demonstration and be convenient for observe.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a device for demonstrating vibration and sound transmission in ears according to the present invention;

the notation in the figure is: the external auditory canal simulator comprises an external auditory canal simulator 1, a tympanic membrane simulator 2, a bracket 3, a first support rod 301, a second support rod 302, a malleus simulator 4, an incus simulator 5, a stapes simulator 6, a cochlea simulator 7, a cup body 701, a lymph fluid simulation liquid 8, a microphone 9 with a piezoelectric ceramic piece and an oscilloscope 10.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the demonstration apparatus for demonstrating vibration and sound transmission in ears comprises a horn-shaped external auditory canal simulator 1, the external auditory canal simulator 1 is arranged along the horizontal direction, the left end of the external auditory canal simulator 1 is a large-diameter end, the right end of the external auditory canal simulator 1 is a small-diameter end, a drum-shaped tympanic membrane simulator 2 is fixedly arranged at the small-diameter end of the external auditory canal simulator 1, the left side drum skin of the tympanic membrane simulator 2 is fixedly connected with the small-diameter end of the external auditory canal simulator 1, a support 3 is arranged at the right side of the tympanic membrane simulator 2, the support 3 comprises a first support rod 301 and a second support rod 302, the first support rod 301 and the second support rod 302 are parallel and are perpendicular to the right side drum skin of the tympanic membrane simulator 2, a spherical hammer bone simulator 4, an incus simulator 5 and a stapes simulator 6 are arranged below the first support rod 301 and the second support rod 302, the malleus simulator 4, the incus simulator 5 and the stapes simulator 6 are sequentially arranged from left to right, the malleus simulator 4 is fixed through a first pull rope and a second pull rope, one end of the first pull rope is fixed on the first supporting rod 301, the other end of the first pull rope is fixed on the malleus simulator 4, one end of the second pull rope is fixed on the second supporting rod 302, the other end of the second pull rope is fixed on the malleus simulator 4, the first pull rope and the second pull rope form a V shape, the incus simulator 5 is fixed through a third pull rope and a fourth pull rope, one end of the third pull rope is fixed on the first supporting rod 301, the other end of the third pull rope is fixed on the malleus simulator 4, one end of the fourth pull rope is fixed on the second supporting rod 302, and the other end of the fourth pull rope is fixed on the malleus simulator 4, the third pull rope and the fourth pull rope form a V shape, the stapes simulator 6 is fixed through a fifth pull rope and a sixth pull rope, one end of the fifth pull rope is fixed on the first support rod 301, the other end of the fifth pull rope is fixed on the hammer simulator 4, one end of the sixth pull rope is fixed on the second support rod 302, the other end of the sixth pull rope is fixed on the hammer simulator 4, the fifth pull rope and the sixth pull rope form a V shape, the hammer simulator 4 is in contact with the right drum skin of the tympanic membrane simulator 2 in an initial state, the cochlea simulator 7 is arranged on the right side of the stapes simulator 6, a gap exists between the cochlea simulator 7 and the stapes simulator 6, the cochlea simulator 7 comprises a cup body 701, lymph fluid simulation liquid 8 is contained in the cup body 701, a microphone 9 with a piezoelectric ceramic piece is arranged on the inner side wall of the cup body 701, microphone 9 with piezoceramics piece sets up along cup 701's the central axis direction, the head of microphone 9 with piezoceramics piece is located lymph liquid simulation liquid 8's liquid level below, microphone 9 with piezoceramics piece is located cup 701's inner wall right side, cochlea simulator 7's right side is provided with oscilloscope 10, oscilloscope 10 is connected with microphone 9 with piezoceramics piece. When the demonstration device for demonstrating vibration and sound transmission in ears is used, a sound source is firstly opposite to an external auditory canal simulator 1 and then starts to generate sound, further, the external auditory canal simulator 1 is horn-shaped, a drum-shaped tympanic membrane simulator 2 is fixedly arranged at the small end of the external auditory canal simulator 1, so that sound can be better collected and transmitted to the tympanic membrane simulator 2, and then the tympanic membrane simulator 2 vibrates, because a support 3 is arranged on the right side of the tympanic membrane simulator 2, the support 3 comprises a first support rod 301 and a second support rod 302, the first support rod 301 and the second support rod 302 are parallel and are perpendicular to the right drum skin of the tympanic membrane simulator 2, a spherical hammer simulator 4, an incus simulator 5 and a stapes simulator 6 are arranged below the first support rod 301 and the second support rod 302, the hammer simulator 4, the incus simulator 5 and the stapes simulator 6 are sequentially arranged from left to right, the malleus simulator 4 is fixed through a first pull rope and a second pull rope, one end of the first pull rope is fixed on a first support rod 301, the other end of the first pull rope is fixed on the malleus simulator 4, one end of the second pull rope is fixed on a second support rod 302, the other end of the second pull rope is fixed on the malleus simulator 4, the first pull rope and the second pull rope form a V shape, the incus simulator 5 is fixed through a third pull rope and a fourth pull rope, one end of the third pull rope is fixed on the first support rod 301, the other end of the third pull rope is fixed on the malleus simulator 4, one end of the fourth pull rope is fixed on the second support rod 302, the other end of the fourth pull rope is fixed on the malleus simulator 4, the third pull rope and the fourth pull rope form a V shape, the stapes simulator 6 is fixed through a fifth pull rope and a sixth pull rope, one end of the fifth pull rope is fixed on the first support rod 301, the other end of the fifth pull rope is fixed on the hammer simulator 4, one end of the sixth pull rope is fixed on the second support rod 302, the other end of the sixth pull rope is fixed on the hammer simulator 4, the fifth pull rope and the sixth pull rope form a V shape, in an initial state, the hammer simulator 4 is in contact with the right drum skin of the tympanic membrane simulator 2, the vibration of the tympanic membrane simulator 2 enables the hammer simulator 4 to move and collide with the incus simulator 5, and further the incus simulator 5 collides with the stapes simulator 6 to enable the stapes simulator 6 to move, as the cochlea simulator 7 is arranged on the right side of the stapes simulator 6, a gap exists between the cochlea simulator 7 and the stapes simulator 6, the cochlea simulator 7 comprises a 701 cup body, and the cup body 701 is filled with lymph fluid simulation liquid 8, stapes simulator 6 motion just can strike cup 701 and then make lymph liquid simulation liquid 8 produce vibrations, because be provided with the microphone 9 that has the piezoceramics piece on the inside wall of cup 701, the microphone 9 that has the piezoceramics piece sets up along cup 701's the central axis direction, the head of the microphone 9 that has the piezoceramics piece is located lymph liquid simulation liquid 8's liquid level below, the microphone 9 that has the piezoceramics piece is located cup 701's inner wall right side, cochlea simulator 7's right side is provided with oscilloscope 10, oscilloscope 10 is connected with the microphone 9 that has the piezoceramics piece, like this alright show the vibrations that lymph liquid simulation liquid 8 produced through oscilloscope 10 audio-visual observation of being convenient for observe.

In the process of the embodiment, the external auditory canal simulator 1 is a plastic horn, the tympanic membrane simulator 2 is a drum leather cowskin drum, the hammer simulator 4, the incus simulator 5 and the stapes simulator 6 are all table tennis balls, and the lymph fluid simulation liquid 8 is aqueous solution.

In addition, in the experimental process, the test effect is best when the volume of the lymph fluid simulation liquid 8 is two thirds of the volume of the cup body 701.

Claims

1. Demonstration device of vibration transaudient in demonstration ear, its characterized in that: including outer auditory canal simulator (1) of loudspeaker form, outer auditory canal simulator (1) sets up along the horizontal direction, the left end of outer auditory canal simulator (1) is big footpath end, the right-hand member of outer auditory canal simulator (1) is the path end, the path end of outer auditory canal simulator (1) is fixed and is provided with tympanic membrane simulator (2) of drum form, the left side drum skin of tympanic membrane simulator (2) and the path end fixed connection of outer auditory canal simulator (1), the right side of tympanic membrane simulator (2) is provided with support (3), support (3) include first bracing piece (301) and second bracing piece (302), first bracing piece (301) are parallel and all perpendicular to the right side drum skin of tympanic membrane simulator (2) with second bracing piece (302), the below of first bracing piece (301) and second bracing piece (302) is provided with globular hammer bone simulator (4), Incus simulator (5), stapes simulator (6), incus simulator (4), incus simulator (5), stapes simulator (6) set gradually from left to right, incus simulator (4) is fixed through first stay cord and second stay cord, the one end of first stay cord is fixed on first bracing piece (301), the other end of first stay cord is fixed on incus simulator (4), the one end of second stay cord is fixed on second bracing piece (302), the other end of second stay cord is fixed on incus simulator (4), a V font is constituteed with the second stay cord to first stay cord, incus simulator (5) is fixed through third stay cord and fourth stay cord, the one end of third stay cord is fixed on first bracing piece (301), the other end of third stay cord is fixed on incus simulator (4), one end of a fourth pull rope is fixed on the second support rod (302), the other end of the fourth pull rope is fixed on the malleus simulator (4), the third pull rope and the fourth pull rope form a V-shaped structure, the stapes simulator (6) is fixed through a fifth pull rope and a sixth pull rope, one end of the fifth pull rope is fixed on the first support rod (301), the other end of the fifth pull rope is fixed on the malleus simulator (4), one end of the sixth pull rope is fixed on the second support rod (302), the other end of the sixth pull rope is fixed on the malleus simulator (4), the fifth pull rope and the sixth pull rope form a V-shaped structure, the malleus simulator (4) is in contact with the right drum skin of the stapes simulator (2) in an initial state, and a cochlea simulator (7) is arranged on the right side of the malleus simulator (6), there is the clearance between cochlea simulator (7) and stapes simulator (6), cochlea simulator (7) includes cup (701), splendid attire has lymph simulation liquid (8) in cup (701), be provided with microphone (9) that have piezoceramics piece on the inside wall of cup (701), the central axis direction setting along cup (701) of microphone (9) that have piezoceramics piece, the head of microphone (9) that has piezoceramics piece is located the liquid level below of lymph simulation liquid (8), microphone (9) that have piezoceramics piece are located the inner wall right side of cup (701), the right side of cochlea simulator (7) is provided with oscilloscope (10), oscilloscope (10) are connected with microphone (9) that have piezoceramics piece.

2. A demonstration device for demonstrating vibration transaudient in the ear as claimed in claim 1, wherein: external auditory canal simulator (1) is plastic loudspeaker, tympanic membrane simulator (2) is drum leather cowhide drum, malleus simulator (4), incus simulator (5), stapes simulator (6) are the table tennis, lymph fluid simulation liquid (8) are aqueous solution.

3. A demonstration device for demonstrating vibration transaudient in the ear as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the volume of the lymph fluid simulation liquid (8) is two thirds of the volume of the cup body (701).