CN210217902U - Turbocharger and vehicle with same - Google Patents
Turbocharger and vehicle with same Download PDFInfo
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- CN210217902U CN210217902U CN201920956048.8U CN201920956048U CN210217902U CN 210217902 U CN210217902 U CN 210217902U CN 201920956048 U CN201920956048 U CN 201920956048U CN 210217902 U CN210217902 U CN 210217902U
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- turbine
- diffuser
- flow passage
- exhaust
- volute
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
The utility model provides a turbo charger and vehicle that has it, turbo charger includes: the turbine shell is internally limited with a turbine shell flow passage, and the turbine shell is provided with a waste gas inlet and a waste gas outlet; the pressure shell is internally limited with a pressure shell flow passage and is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet; the turbine is arranged in the volute flow passage and corresponds to the waste gas inlet and the waste gas outlet; the impeller is arranged in the volute flow passage, connected with the turbine and corresponding to the air inlet and the air outlet; the diffuser is arranged on the exhaust end of the turbine and connected with the volute, an exhaust passage communicated with the first flow passage is arranged in the diffuser and corresponds to the turbine and the exhaust gas outlet so as to reduce the pressure of the exhaust end of the turbine. The utility model discloses a turbo charger through the pressure that can effectively reduce the inlet end of turbine at turbine end installation diffuser, reduces the exhaust backpressure of engine, improves the acting efficiency of turbine.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a vehicle turbocharged engine technical field especially relates to a turbo charger and vehicle that has this turbo charger.
Background
At present, the use of turbocharged gasoline engines in automobiles is more and more common, and how to improve the efficiency of the turbocharger is more and more important for the power assembly of the whole engine.
The exhaust gas at the turbine end of the existing turbocharger is engine exhaust gas which passes through a turbine and then is directly connected with an exhaust pipe, the pressure at the outlet of the turbine is equal to atmospheric pressure, and the exhaust pressure of the engine is higher. For the turbocharger, because the kinetic energy of the gas at the outlet is large, if the exhaust gas of the engine is directly exhausted into the atmosphere through the exhaust pipe via the turbine outlet, on one hand, the energy is wasted without being utilized, on the other hand, the energy can improve the exhaust back pressure of the engine, so that the mechanical work consumed during exhaust is increased, the efficiency of the turbocharger at the end is reduced, the mechanical efficiency of the engine is reduced, the power is reduced, the exhaust temperature is increased, the integral oil consumption level is high, and the calibration difficulty of the engine is increased.
Currently, the main methods for improving turbocharger turbine end efficiency are to improve the volute exhaust runner structure, use a high efficiency turbine, and use a low rotational inertia turbine rotor shaft. The efficiency of the turbocharger is raised to a critical point by the methods, and the efficiency of the turbocharger is difficult to be further raised.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses an it is inefficient to solve turbocharger's among the prior art turbine to very difficult again through improving volute exhaust gas flow structure, using high efficiency turbine and using the problem that low inertia turbine rotor axle means further promoted turbine efficiency.
Another further object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art, including the complexity, the time-consuming, the slow effect and the high cost of the means for improving the turbine efficiency of the turbocharger.
In particular, the present invention provides a turbocharger comprising:
the exhaust gas inlet and the exhaust gas outlet are communicated with the volute flow channel;
the pressure shell is internally limited with a pressure shell flow passage, and the pressure shell is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet which are communicated with the pressure shell flow passage;
the turbine is arranged in the volute flow passage and corresponds to the waste gas inlet and the waste gas outlet so as to form a first flow passage in the volute flow passage, and engine waste gas enters from the waste gas inlet through an exhaust manifold so as to drive the turbine to rotate and is discharged from the waste gas outlet;
the impeller is arranged in the pressure shell flow passage, is connected with the turbine and is driven by the turbine to compress air, and corresponds to the air inlet and the air outlet so as to form a second flow passage in the pressure shell flow passage;
the diffuser is arranged on the exhaust end of the turbine and connected with the volute, an exhaust passage communicated with the first flow passage is arranged in the diffuser, and the diffuser corresponds to the turbine and the exhaust gas outlet so as to reduce the pressure of the air inlet end of the turbine.
Further, the diffuser and the volute are connected in one of a welding mode, a casting mode and a bolt connection mode.
Furthermore, the diffuser is of a conical surface structure, the diffuser is provided with a first end surface and a second end surface, the cross section of the first end surface is circular, the first end surface faces the turbine, and the radial size of the first end surface is smaller than that of the second end surface.
Further, the cross section of the diffuser is trapezoidal, the waist line of the trapezoid is the diffusion length of the diffuser, and the diffusion length of the diffuser is not less than the radial size of the first end face.
Further, the diffuser has a diffusion length 1-1.5 times the radial dimension of the first end face.
Further, an included angle between the waist line of the trapezoid and a vertical line of one bottom side of the trapezoid is a diffusion angle of the diffuser, and the diffusion angle is 7-12 degrees.
Further, the turbine is connected with the impeller through a rotor shaft.
The utility model also provides a vehicle, include according to the turbo charger in the above-mentioned embodiment.
The utility model discloses a turbo charger, diffuser are installed on the exhaust end of turbine to the diffuser is connected with the volute, have in the diffuser with the exhaust passage of first flow channel intercommunication, exhaust passage is corresponding with turbine and exhaust gas mouth, guarantees that engine exhaust can be discharged by turbine end and gets into the exhaust passage of diffuser, discharges by the exhaust gas mouth again after the effect through the diffuser. The pressure of the air inlet end of the turbine can be reduced by installing the diffuser at the turbine end of the turbocharger, the exhaust back pressure of an engine is reduced, the work doing efficiency of the turbine is improved, the turbocharger can do more work by using less waste gas, the waste gas utilization rate of the engine is improved, and the problem of low turbine efficiency of the turbocharger is effectively solved.
Further, the utility model discloses a turbo charger, diffuser process into the conical surface structure, and the diffuser has the cross-section and is circular shape first terminal surface and second terminal surface, and first terminal surface is towards the turbine, and the radial dimension of first terminal surface is less than the radial dimension of second terminal surface. Through the diffuser of simple structure of installation between turbine and exhaust gas port, can effectively improve turbo charger turbine efficiency, consuming time is short, and it is fast and with low costs to imitate.
The above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of specific embodiments thereof, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Some specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail hereinafter, by way of illustration and not by way of limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers in the drawings identify the same or similar elements or components. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a turbocharger according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a turbocharger diffuser according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
a turbocharger 100;
a scroll casing 10; an exhaust gas inlet 11;
a turbine 20;
a diffuser 30; a first end face 31; a second end face 32; an exhaust passage 33; a diffusion length 34.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a turbocharger 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is mainly composed of a volute 10, a pressure shell, a turbine 20, an impeller, and a diffuser. Wherein, a volute flow passage can be processed in the volute 10, and a waste gas inlet 11 and a waste gas outlet which are communicated with the volute flow passage are processed on the volute 10. A pressure shell flow passage (pressure shell refers to a compressor shell) can be processed in the pressure shell, and an air inlet and an air outlet (not shown in the figure) which are both communicated with the pressure shell flow passage are processed on the pressure shell. Engine exhaust gases are drawn in through an exhaust manifold from an exhaust gas inlet 11 and are discharged through an exhaust gas outlet which is connected to the vehicle exhaust pipe. Air may enter from an air intake and flow through an air exhaust to an engine intake.
As shown in fig. 1, the turbine 20 is installed in the volute flow channel, the turbine 20 corresponds to the exhaust gas inlet 11 and the exhaust gas outlet, so that a first flow channel can be formed in the volute flow channel by the exhaust gas inlet 11, the turbine 20 and the exhaust gas outlet, engine exhaust enters from the exhaust gas inlet 11 through the exhaust manifold to drive the turbine 20 to rotate to do work, and finally, the engine exhaust is exhausted from the exhaust gas outlet through the exhaust pipe to the atmosphere. The impeller is mounted in the flow passage of the pressure shell and is connected to the turbine 20. Preferably, the turbine 20 is coupled to the impeller by a rotor shaft, which may be a turbine rotor shaft having a low moment of inertia, which facilitates improving the efficiency of the turbine 20. An impeller is driven by the turbine 20 for compressing air, the impeller corresponding to the air inlet and the air outlet, ensuring that the air inlet, the impeller and the air outlet form a second flow path within the pressure shell flow path. Specifically, engine exhaust enters from the exhaust gas inlet 11 in the first flow channel to drive the turbine 20 to do work, the turbine 20 further drives the impeller to rotate by doing work, atmospheric air enters from the air inlet after being filtered by the air filter and forms compressed air under the action of the impeller, and the compressed air flows to the engine air inlet pipe from the air outlet so as to be used for burning fuel when the engine works. Of course, the specific shape, structure and operation of the turbocharger 100 are understood and enabled by those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
Referring to fig. 1, a diffuser is installed on the exhaust end of the turbine 20 and connected to the volute 10, an exhaust passage 33 communicated with the first flow passage is formed in the diffuser, and the exhaust passage 33 corresponds to the turbine 20 and the exhaust outlet, so that the exhaust gas of the engine can be discharged from the turbine end into the exhaust passage 33 of the diffuser, and then discharged from the exhaust outlet after the exhaust gas is acted by the diffuser. The diffuser is arranged at the turbine end of the turbocharger 100, so that the pressure of the air inlet end of the turbine 20 can be reduced, the exhaust back pressure of an engine is reduced, the work doing efficiency of the turbine 20 is improved, the turbocharger 100 can do more work by using less exhaust gas, the exhaust gas utilization rate of the engine is improved, and the problem of low turbine efficiency of the turbocharger 100 is effectively solved.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the diffuser is connected to the volute 10 by one of welding, casting, and bolting. The welding, casting connection or bolt connection is a connection mode which is mature in process and easy to control, and the assembling efficiency between the diffuser and the volute shell 10 is improved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the diffuser may be processed into a conical surface structure, and both ends of the diffuser have a first end surface 31 (shown by a frame in fig. 2) and a second end surface 32 (shown by a frame in fig. 2) with a circular cross section. Wherein, the first end face 31 faces the turbine 20 and is correspondingly connected with the outlet end of the turbine 20, and the radial dimension of the first end face 31 is smaller than that of the second end face 32. The section of the diffuser is trapezoid, the waist line of the trapezoid can be defined as the diffusion length 34 of the diffuser, and the diffusion length 34 of the diffuser is not less than the radial dimension of the first end face 31. Referring to fig. 2, the diffuser preferably has a diffuser length 34 that is 1-1.5 times the radial dimension of the first end surface 31. The angle between the waist line of the trapezoid (i.e. the diffuser length 34) and the perpendicular to one of its base sides may be defined as the diffuser angle of the diffuser, which may preferably be 7-12. Through processing the diffuser into the conical surface structure to inject diffusion length 34 and the scope of diffusion angle, guarantee that turbo charger 100 can effectively reduce the pressure of the inlet end of turbine 20 after increasing the diffuser, reduce the exhaust backpressure of engine, improve the efficiency of doing work of turbine 20, make turbo charger 100 utilize less waste gas just can do more work, improve engine exhaust gas utilization ratio, effectively solved the problem that turbo charger 100 turbine efficiency is low.
The principle analysis of the turbocharger 100 of the present invention to improve the turbine efficiency will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the turbine efficiency analysis of the turbocharger 100 of the present invention can be verified experimentally using CFD (computational fluid dynamics) flow field analysis. When the engine normally works, the exhausted exhaust gas flows in the first flow channel in the volute 10 through the exhaust gas inlet 11, the turbine 20 is pushed to rotate to do work, and then the exhaust gas enters the exhaust pipe through the exhaust gas outlet after passing through the diffuser, and the flow direction of the engine exhaust gas in the first flow channel is shown as the direction indicated by the arrow in fig. 1.
For convenience, the present invention describes the principle analysis of the turbocharger 100, and the cross section of the exhaust gas inlet 11 is described as a1At a pressure of P1At a temperature of T1. The cross-section at the first end face 31 of the diffuser is depicted as A2Radial radius of r2At a pressure of P2At a temperature of T2Density is rho2At a gas flow velocity of V2. The cross-section at the second end face 32 of the diffuser is depicted as A3Radial radius of r3At a pressure of P3At a temperature of T3Density is rho3At a gas flow velocity of V3。
When the diffuser is added, the section A of the second end of the diffuser is calculated according to the mass flow conservation formula3At a gas flow velocity V3*r3＝V2*r2Where ρ is2≈ρ3Rho is engine exhaust gas density, r2＜r3Thus, the gas flow velocity V3＜V2。
According to conservation of energy and V3Lowering while conserving C according to unit mass flowpT3＝CpT3S+0.5V3 2In which C ispIs the specific heat capacity of gas, V3To increase the gas flow rate at the diffuser second end face 32. The section A can be deduced3Temperature T of exhaust gas outlet3＝(CPT2+0.5V2 2-0.5V3 2)/CPAnd (4) rising. From the first law of thermodynamics, P can be deduced3s/P2s＝(T3/T2)k/(k-1)In which P is3SApproximately equal to atmospheric pressure is constant, so that P can be deduced2sAnd decreases. Turbine power W based on conservation of energyCWith compressor power WTThe relationship of (1) is: wC＝WTIt can be deduced that the expansion ratio of the turbine end of the turbocharger 100 is constant, so the section A1Pressure P1And reducing the exhaust back pressure of the engine. Meanwhile, it can be stated that the turbocharger 100 of the present invention applies more work to the turbine 20 under the condition of introducing the same amount of exhaust gas, so as to improve the work applying efficiency of the turbine 20 and the utilization rate of the exhaust gas of the engine.
η based on efficiency of supercharger turbineTCalculating the formula:
under the same working condition, other parameters do not change, and P is actually tested2s≈PaAccording to the test data calculation, the diffuser is added, the efficiency of the vortex end of the turbocharger can be improved by 1.8% -3%, and the problem of low efficiency of the 100-turbine turbocharger is effectively solved.
Wherein, PaAt atmospheric pressure, T1Is the gas temperature, P, of the exhaust gas inlet 111Is the gas pressure, P, of the exhaust gas inlet 111sThe static pressure of the gas at the waste gas inlet 11, T3Is the gas temperature, T, at the second end face 32 of the diffuser3SIs the static gas temperature, P, at the second end face 32 of the diffuser3Is the gas pressure, P, at the second end face 32 of the diffuser3SK is the static gas pressure at the second diffuser end 32 and k is the adiabatic coefficient.
In summary, the utility model discloses a turbo charger 100 can effectively reduce the pressure of the inlet end of turbine 20 through installing the diffuser at turbine end, reduces the exhaust backpressure of engine, improves turbine 20's efficiency of doing work, makes turbo charger 100 utilize less waste gas just can do more work, improves engine exhaust gas utilization ratio, has effectively solved the problem of turbo charger 100 turbine inefficiency.
The utility model discloses still provide a vehicle, include according to turbo charger 100 in the above-mentioned embodiment. Because according to the utility model discloses turbo charger 100 has above-mentioned technological effect, consequently, according to the utility model discloses the vehicle also has corresponding technological effect, can effectively improve turbine efficiency through adopting this turbo charger 100 promptly.
Other structures and operations of the vehicle according to the embodiments of the present invention will be understood and readily implemented by those skilled in the art, and thus will not be described in detail.
Thus, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that while a number of exemplary embodiments of the invention have been shown and described in detail herein, many other variations and modifications can be made, consistent with the principles of the invention, which are directly determined or derived from the disclosure herein, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention should be understood and interpreted to cover all such other variations or modifications.
Claims (8)
1. A turbocharger, comprising:
the exhaust gas inlet and the exhaust gas outlet are communicated with the volute flow channel;
the pressure shell is internally limited with a pressure shell flow passage, and the pressure shell is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet which are communicated with the pressure shell flow passage;
the turbine is arranged in the volute flow passage and corresponds to the waste gas inlet and the waste gas outlet so as to form a first flow passage in the volute flow passage, and engine waste gas enters from the waste gas inlet through an exhaust manifold so as to drive the turbine to rotate and is discharged from the waste gas outlet;
the impeller is arranged in the pressure shell flow passage, is connected with the turbine and is driven by the turbine to compress air, and corresponds to the air inlet and the air outlet so as to form a second flow passage in the pressure shell flow passage;
the diffuser is arranged on the exhaust end of the turbine and connected with the volute, an exhaust passage communicated with the first flow passage is arranged in the diffuser, and the diffuser corresponds to the turbine and the exhaust gas outlet so as to reduce the pressure of the air inlet end of the turbine.
2. The turbocharger according to claim 1,
the diffuser and the volute are connected in one of a welding mode, a casting connection mode or a bolt connection mode.
3. The turbocharger according to claim 1,
the diffuser is of a conical surface structure and is provided with a first end surface and a second end surface, the cross section of the first end surface is circular, the first end surface faces the turbine, and the radial size of the first end surface is smaller than that of the second end surface.
4. The turbocharger according to claim 3,
the cross section of the diffuser is trapezoidal, the waist line of the trapezoid is the diffusion length of the diffuser, and the diffusion length of the diffuser is not less than the radial size of the first end face.
5. The turbocharger according to claim 4,
the diffuser has a diffusion length 1-1.5 times the radial dimension of the first end face.
6. The turbocharger according to claim 5,
the included angle between the waist line of the trapezoid and the vertical line of one bottom edge of the trapezoid is the diffusion angle of the diffuser, and the diffusion angle is 7-12 degrees.
7. The turbocharger according to claim 1,
the turbine is connected with the impeller through a rotor shaft.
8. A vehicle comprising a turbocharger according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920956048.8U CN210217902U (en) | 2019-06-24 | 2019-06-24 | Turbocharger and vehicle with same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920956048.8U CN210217902U (en) | 2019-06-24 | 2019-06-24 | Turbocharger and vehicle with same |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN210217902U true CN210217902U (en) | 2020-03-31 |
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ID=69933606
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920956048.8U Active CN210217902U (en) | 2019-06-24 | 2019-06-24 | Turbocharger and vehicle with same |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN210217902U (en) |
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- 2019-06-24 CN CN201920956048.8U patent/CN210217902U/en active Active
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