CN210201525U - Protection circuit of vehicle-mounted battery - Google Patents
Protection circuit of vehicle-mounted battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN210201525U CN210201525U CN201921328243.2U CN201921328243U CN210201525U CN 210201525 U CN210201525 U CN 210201525U CN 201921328243 U CN201921328243 U CN 201921328243U CN 210201525 U CN210201525 U CN 210201525U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a protection circuit of on-vehicle battery. Comprises a control loop and a discharge loop; the output end of the MCU IN the control loop is connected with one end of R5, an EN pin and a VCC pin of a reset chip and one end of R3, an IN pin of the reset chip is connected with the other end of R5 and one end of R6, the other end of R6 is connected to GND, a GND pin of the reset chip is connected to GND, a CDELAY pin of the reset chip is connected to GND through C1, the other end of R3 is connected with a base of Q2 and a collector of Q1, a base of Q1 is connected with an OUT pin of the reset chip through R4, an emitter of Q1 and an emitter of Q2 are connected to GND, and a collector of Q2 is connected with one end of R2; the discharging loop comprises a discharging resistor R1, a P-MOSFET Q3 and a battery, wherein the grid electrode of Q3 is connected with the collector electrode of Q2, the source electrode of Q3 is connected with the other end of R2 and the anode of the battery, the drain electrode of Q3 is connected with GND through R1, and the cathode of the battery is connected with GND. The utility model discloses can protect the battery, effectively avoid long-time heavy current discharge's danger.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a battery protection technology field, concretely relates to on-vehicle battery's protection circuit.
Background
On-board battery health management generally determines whether a battery has aged or failed by measuring the internal resistance of the battery. At present, the internal resistance of the battery is generally measured by two methods: an alternating current voltage drop internal resistance measuring method and a direct current discharge internal resistance measuring method. In the direct-current discharge internal resistance measuring method, a measuring system enables a battery to carry out short-time heavy-current discharge on a discharge resistor through a load switch, and after the discharge process is finished, the load switch is disconnected, and the battery stops discharging. However, if an abnormal fault occurs during the discharging process, such as a program crash of the MCU controller, the discharging path cannot be disconnected. The battery is subjected to long-time heavy current discharge, and the over-discharge service life of the battery is damaged and the risk of explosion caused by heat generation exists. Therefore the utility model provides a protection circuit of on-vehicle battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve discharge measurement in-process MCU controller procedure crash and lead to the long-time heavy current of battery to discharge the problem, provide a vehicle mounted battery's protection circuit.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is that: a protection circuit of a vehicle-mounted battery comprises a control loop and a discharge loop; the control loop comprises an MCU, a reset chip, a capacitor C1, an NPN triode Q1, an NPN triode Q2, a pull-up resistor R2, a current-limiting resistor R3, a current-limiting resistor R4, a voltage-dividing resistor R5 and a voltage-dividing resistor R6, wherein the output end of the MCU is connected with one end of R5, an EN pin and a VCC pin of the reset chip and one end of R3, the IN pin of the reset chip is connected with the other end of R5 and one end of R6, the other end of R6 is connected to GND, the GND pin of the reset chip is connected to GND, the CDELAY pin of the reset chip is connected to GND through C1, the other end of R3 is connected with the base of Q2 and the collector of Q1, the base of Q1 is connected with the OUT pin of the reset chip through R4, the emitter of Q1 and the emitter of Q2 are connected, and; the discharging loop comprises a discharging resistor R1, a P-MOSFET Q3 and a battery, wherein the grid electrode of Q3 is connected with the collector electrode of Q2, the source electrode of Q3 is connected with the other end of R2 and the anode of the battery, the drain electrode of Q3 is connected with GND through R1, and the cathode of the battery is connected with GND.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the display device further includes a capacitor C2, one end of the C2 is connected to the output end of the MCU, and the other end of the C2 is connected to GND.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has: the utility model discloses even can guarantee that on-vehicle battery takes place under the condition of unusual trouble when discharging, also can avoid the danger of the long-time heavy current of battery discharging.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power-up waveform of a reset chip.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The utility model provides a protective circuit of a vehicle-mounted battery, which comprises a control loop and a discharge loop; the control loop comprises an MCU (IN the example, the MCU adopts SPC5746CBK1ACKU6), a reset chip (IN the example, the reset chip adopts MAX6895AAZT/V + T), a capacitor C1, an NPN triode Q1, an NPN triode Q2, a pull-up resistor R2, a current-limiting resistor R3, a current-limiting resistor R4, a voltage-dividing resistor R5 and a voltage-dividing resistor R6, wherein the output end of the MCU is connected with one end of R5, the EN pin and the VCC pin of the reset chip and one end of R3, the IN pin of the reset chip is connected with the other end of R5 and one end of R6, the other end of R6 is connected to GND, the GND pin of the reset chip is connected to GND, the CDELAY pin of the reset chip is connected to the GND through C1, the other end of R3 is connected with the base of Q2 and the collector of Q1, the base of Q1 is connected with the OUT pin of the reset chip through R9, the emitter of Q82 1, the emitter of; the discharging loop comprises a discharging resistor R1, a P-MOSFET Q3 and a battery, wherein the grid electrode of Q3 is connected with the collector electrode of Q2, the source electrode of Q3 is connected with the other end of R2 and the anode of the battery, the drain electrode of Q3 is connected with GND through R1, and the cathode of the battery is connected with GND.
The following is the specific implementation process of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 the utility model provides a protection circuit of on-vehicle battery, including MCU controller U1, chip U2 resets, triode Q1, Q2, P-MOSFET pipe Q3, electric capacity C1, discharge resistance R1, pull-up resistance R2, current limiting resistance R3, R4, divider resistance R5, R6.
The output end of the MCU controller U1 is connected to the base of Q2 through a current-limiting resistor R3, the emitter of Q2 is grounded, the collector of Q2 is connected to the gate of Q3, and R2 is connected to the source and the gate of Q3, so that Q3 is cut off and not conducted when Q2 is cut off. The source of Q3 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery, and the drain of Q3 is connected to the discharge resistor. The reset chip U2 has very low power consumption (uA level power consumption), so it gets power from MCU output control pin directly, the output pin OUT of U2 connects with the base of Q1 through current limiting resistor R4, the emitter of Q1 connects to ground, the collector of Q1 connects with the base of Q2. The EN enable pin of U2 is connected to the VCC pin, the IN pin is the voltage monitoring threshold pin, and the voltage monitoring threshold can be set by external resistor division, i.e., resistors R5 and R6.
The utility model discloses the circuit can divide into two parts according to the function, discharge return circuit and control circuit promptly.
The discharging loop consists of a battery, Q3 and R1. When Q3 is on, the battery discharges the discharge resistor R1 through Q3. After the discharge flow is completed, Q3 is turned off and turned off, and the battery stops discharging.
The control circuit is composed of U1, U2, C1, Q1, Q2, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6. U1(SPC5746CBK1ACKU6) is an MCU controller that can control the on or off of the discharge loop by outputting a high or low level through a port. U2(MAX6895AAZT/V + T) is a Reset chip, which is generally applied to a Power-On Reset circuit (POR) of a CPU (Power On Reset) and has the principle that a Reset pulse with a certain width is generated after Power-On to Reset the CPU. In this circuit, the reset chip is used for timing protection. The reset chip is divided into a low-level effective reset mode and a high-level effective reset mode, the circuit selects the low-level effective reset chip, and the power-on waveform is shown in figure 2. The VCC power pin of the reset chip is electrified, after the voltage of the IN pin exceeds the threshold voltage of Vth, the output pin OUT is at an initial low level, and after a settable delay time (Tdelay), the output pin OUT of the reset chip is changed from low to high. Different delay times (Tdelay) can be set by adjusting the external capacitance of the CDELAY pin of the reset chip, and Tdelay is set to be 1 second in the technical scheme (the invention/the utility model is not limited to 1 second).
When the output of the MCU controller is low, the U2 does not work when being powered on, the Q1 and the Q2 are cut off and are not conducted, at the moment, the grid voltage and the source voltage of the Q3 are the same due to the action of the R1, and the Q3 is also in a cut-off state, namely, a discharging loop does not work. When the MCU controller outputs high, Q2 is conducted, at the moment, Q3 is also conducted due to the fact that a voltage difference exists between two ends of R2, and the discharging loop works.
Generally, the vehicle-mounted battery direct-current discharging internal resistance measuring method requires that the discharging loop works for 500ms, namely under a normal condition, after the 500ms time, the MCU controller pulls down the output ports, so that Q2 and Q3 are cut off, and the discharging loop stops working. Within 1 second after the reset chip is electrified, the output pin OUT is at an initial low level, and the Q1 is in a cut-off state, so that the normal measurement of the direct current discharge internal resistance of the battery is not influenced. If abnormal faults occur during discharging, if the MCU controller program is halted, the output pin of the MCU controller is continuously high, when the halt fault time exceeds 1 second, the output pin OUT of the reset chip is changed from the low level of the initial state to the high level, at the moment, Q1 is switched on, Q2 and Q3 are switched off, and the battery stops discharging, so that the battery is protected, and the danger of long-time heavy-current discharging of the battery is effectively avoided.
Above is the utility model discloses a preferred embodiment, all rely on the utility model discloses the change that technical scheme made, produced functional action does not surpass the utility model discloses during technical scheme's scope, all belong to the utility model discloses a protection scope.
Claims (2)
1. The protection circuit of the vehicle-mounted battery is characterized by comprising a control loop and a discharge loop; the control loop comprises an MCU, a reset chip, a capacitor C1, an NPN triode Q1, an NPN triode Q2, a pull-up resistor R2, a current-limiting resistor R3, a current-limiting resistor R4, a voltage-dividing resistor R5 and a voltage-dividing resistor R6, wherein the output end of the MCU is connected with one end of R5, an EN pin and a VCC pin of the reset chip and one end of R3, the IN pin of the reset chip is connected with the other end of R5 and one end of R6, the other end of R6 is connected to GND, the GND pin of the reset chip is connected to GND, the CDELAY pin of the reset chip is connected to GND through C1, the other end of R3 is connected with the base of Q2 and the collector of Q1, the base of Q1 is connected with the OUT pin of the reset chip through R4, the emitter of Q1 and the emitter of Q2 are connected, and; the discharging loop comprises a discharging resistor R1, a P-MOSFET Q3 and a battery, wherein the grid electrode of Q3 is connected with the collector electrode of Q2, the source electrode of Q3 is connected with the other end of R2 and the anode of the battery, the drain electrode of Q3 is connected with GND through R1, and the cathode of the battery is connected with GND.
2. The protection circuit of claim 1, further comprising a capacitor C2, wherein one end of the C2 is connected to the output terminal of the MCU, and the other end of the C2 is connected to GND.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921328243.2U CN210201525U (en) | 2019-08-16 | 2019-08-16 | Protection circuit of vehicle-mounted battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921328243.2U CN210201525U (en) | 2019-08-16 | 2019-08-16 | Protection circuit of vehicle-mounted battery |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN210201525U true CN210201525U (en) | 2020-03-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201921328243.2U Active CN210201525U (en) | 2019-08-16 | 2019-08-16 | Protection circuit of vehicle-mounted battery |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112460060A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-03-09 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Fan control circuit and equipment comprising same |
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2019
- 2019-08-16 CN CN201921328243.2U patent/CN210201525U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112460060A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-03-09 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Fan control circuit and equipment comprising same |
| CN112460060B (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-07-23 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Fan control circuit and equipment comprising same |
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