CN210178424U - Distributed residual pressure power generation system based on efficient radial turbine - Google Patents
Distributed residual pressure power generation system based on efficient radial turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN210178424U CN210178424U CN201920526812.8U CN201920526812U CN210178424U CN 210178424 U CN210178424 U CN 210178424U CN 201920526812 U CN201920526812 U CN 201920526812U CN 210178424 U CN210178424 U CN 210178424U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a distributing type residual pressure power generation system based on high-efficient radial turbine belongs to distributing type residual pressure power generation technical field. This system includes turbo expander, generator and converter etc, the utility model discloses well steam gets into the spiral case by the pipeline that admits air, through nozzle cascade blade passageway entering work impeller, thereby the inflation does work and makes the rotatory output mechanical work of impeller, drives the rotor rotation and cuts magnetic induction line and produce the electric energy, then the exhaust steam is discharged through the diffusion room. The radial turbine can reduce the impact of high-temperature air flow on the turbine expander, adapt to larger steam flow and improve the generating capacity of the system; the static pressure air bearing is adopted, the friction coefficient of the bearing is small, the rotating speed can be higher than 30000rpm and is far higher than that of common turbine equipment; the high-speed high-power permanent magnet generator is adopted, the design of a gear box is cancelled, lubricating oil is not needed, and the power demand of a user can be flexibly met by the aid of a frequency conversion technology.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of distributed excess pressure electricity generation, mainly use in the aspect of the unmatched excess pressure utilization of energy parameter.
Background
The energy source is taken as the prime motive power for the development of the human society and the guarantee of the material foundation, is an indispensable basic condition for the social development and the technical progress, and is the important material foundation for the survival and the development of the human beings. Currently, the dependence on energy is witnessed and increasingly intensified worldwide. The energy production and consumption in China are all in the forefront of the world, but a series of outstanding problems exist in the energy utilization mode: the energy structure is unreasonable, the energy utilization rate is not high, and the development and utilization ratio of renewable energy is low. The method is required to improve the efficiency of energy development, conversion and utilization, promote the revolution of energy production and utilization modes, and accelerate the establishment of a low-carbon environment-friendly resource-saving society in China. In recent years, active recycling of secondary energy has become an effective measure for reducing energy consumption, saving energy, and reducing cost. The recycling of the residual pressure and the residual heat is one of the effective important means.
The residual pressure power generation technology mainly utilizes the pressure difference energy and the heat energy of natural gas or steam in the pressure reduction and temperature reduction processes to drive a turboexpander to do work, converts the work into mechanical energy, and drives a generator to generate power so as to realize energy conversion and output electric energy. The technology can save energy, improve the utilization rate of resources and does not cause any pollution to the environment. At present, the field of domestic application of excess pressure power generation is that in blast furnace gas in the metallurgical industry, energy carried by high-temperature gas generated in a smelting furnace is recycled by a blast furnace gas power generation device (TRT).
In the industrial production under the current technical conditions, in the face of the situation that the parameters of both suppliers and suppliers are not matched, the common solution in the past is to reduce the parameters of the suppliers to the parameters required by the user terminals through a temperature and pressure reducing valve, such as the chinese patent with application number 201110454265.5. Although the problem of mismatching of parameters of both supply and supply can be solved by using the temperature and pressure reducing valve, exergy of supplied steam is reduced, the steam work capacity is wasted, and the phenomenon causes avoidable unnecessary waste from the energy utilization point of view.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the problem that the steam quality that uses the pressure reducing valve to bring descends, the utility model provides a radial turbine power generation system of high-efficient oil-free operation, the energy electricity generation of retrieving the loss can supply with the user and use to improve the economic nature of system operation.
The utility model provides a technical scheme that above-mentioned problem adopted is: a distributed residual pressure power generation system based on a high-efficiency radial turbine comprises a high-steam-pressure user side and a low-steam-pressure user side, and is characterized in that the high-steam-pressure user side is connected with a steam pipeline, and a first electric pressure regulating valve, a drain valve and a flowmeter are mounted on the steam pipeline; the steam pipeline is connected with the air inlet of the turbo expander through a main pipeline, a first electric stop valve and an electric flow regulating valve are installed on the main pipeline, the air outlet of the turbo expander is connected with a low steam pressure user side, and a second electric pressure regulating valve and a back pressure valve are installed on an outlet pipeline of the turbo expander; the steam pipeline is connected to the low steam pressure user side through an emergency stop bypass pipeline, and a second electric stop valve is installed on the emergency stop bypass pipeline; the turbo expander, the generator and the frequency converter are connected in sequence.
Further, the generator is a permanent magnet generator.
Further, an outlet pipeline of the turbo expander is merged with the emergency stop bypass pipeline and connected to the low steam pressure user side, and a check valve is installed on an outlet pipeline of the turbo expander for preventing the steam in the emergency stop bypass pipeline from flowing backwards into an outlet of the turbo expander.
The working principle is as follows: when a gas has a certain pressure and temperature, the gas has potential energy represented by the pressure and kinetic energy represented by the temperature, and the two energies are collectively called internal energy. The main function of the turboexpander is to utilize the internal energy of the gas itself consumed by the adiabatic expansion of the gas in the turboexpander, thereby realizing the external work.
The working method comprises the following steps: when steam enters the turbo expander, the steam enters the volute from the air inlet pipeline and enters the impeller through the nozzle ring blade channel, the steam expands to apply work to rotate the impeller so as to output mechanical work, the rotor is driven to rotate to cut the magnetic induction line to generate electric energy, and then exhaust steam is discharged through the diffusion chamber. The utility model adopts the radial turbine to reduce the impact of high temperature air flow on the turbine body, adapt to larger steam flow and improve the generating capacity of the system; the static pressure air bearing is adopted, the friction coefficient of the bearing is small, the rotating speed can be higher than 30000rpm and is far higher than that of common turbine equipment; the high-speed high-power permanent magnet generator is adopted, the design of a gear box is cancelled, lubricating oil is not needed, and the power demand of a user can be flexibly met by the aid of a frequency conversion technology.
The main body part of the excess pressure power generation system is packaged by a large skid-mounted device, and the skid-mounted device comprises a main pipeline, an emergency stop bypass pipeline and an outlet pipeline of a turbine expansion machine. On a main pipeline, when the turboexpander works normally, the first electric stop valve is in an open state, and when the turboexpander fails, the first electric stop valve is quickly closed to protect the turboexpander; the steam flow entering the turbo expander is controlled by adjusting the opening of the electric flow adjusting valve, so that the purpose of adjusting the output power of the turbo expander is achieved. On scram bypass pipeline, when turboexpander normal operating, No. two electronic stop valves are in the closed condition, when turboexpander trouble, open No. two electronic stop valves for the pressure release earial drainage, thereby reach the purpose of protection whole equipment. A back pressure valve and a check valve are installed on an outlet pipeline of the turboexpander, and the back pressure valve is mainly used for stabilizing the outlet pressure of the turboexpander so as to ensure that a stable pressure difference exists at an inlet and an outlet of the turboexpander; the check valve prevents back flow of scram bypass steam into the turbine outlet.
The residual pressure power generation system mainly comprises an electric pressure regulating valve, a drain valve, a flowmeter, a meter and the like from a steam outlet of a supplier to the skid-mounted steam pipeline. The drain valve is used for draining water drops and the like on a pipeline and ensuring the quality of steam entering the turboexpander; the first electric pressure regulating valve is used for regulating steam pressure entering the skid-mounted expansion engine so as to meet the pressure requirement of entering the turbo-expander; the flow meter is used for monitoring the steam flow in the steam pipeline and adjusting according to the power generation power requirement.
The residual pressure power generation system adopts a radial turbine device with advanced pneumatic design to replace the original temperature and pressure reducing valve, the thermal efficiency of the turbine reaches more than 82 percent, and the turbine expander moves in a radial fluid manner, so that the fluid moves laterally during the rotation of the impeller; the displaced fluid then moves up or down, returning to the center towards the impeller; the result of such fluid movement is that the rotor has less mechanical stress (and less thermal stress).
Compared with the prior art, the utility model, have following advantage and effect: the utility model discloses with the energy conversion of the residual pressure loss of heat supply pipeline for usable electric energy, brought considerable direct economic benefits. Furthermore, the utility model discloses an use, still be favorable to the power plant to develop wider user market for the load at energy station increases, and the combustion engine system can be in the high efficiency point operation, thereby has improved combustion engine generating efficiency, further improves the comprehensive economic nature of system operation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a front end structure of a turboexpander according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: the system comprises a high steam pressure user side 1, a first electric pressure regulating valve 2, a drain valve 3, a flowmeter 4, a first electric stop valve 5, an electric flow regulating valve 6, a second electric stop valve 7, a turbine expander 8, a second electric pressure regulating valve 9, a backpressure valve 10, a generator 11, a frequency converter 12, a low steam pressure user side 13, a volute 14, a nozzle ring blade channel 15, an impeller 16, a bearing 17, a steam pipeline 21, a main pipeline 22 and an emergency stop bypass pipeline 23.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Examples are given.
Referring to fig. 1, the distributed residual pressure power generation system based on the high-efficiency radial turbine in the embodiment includes a high steam pressure user side 1 and a low steam pressure user side 13, the high steam pressure user side 1 is connected with a steam pipeline 21, and a first electric pressure regulating valve 2, a drain valve 3 and a flow meter 4 are installed on the steam pipeline 21; the steam pipeline 21 is connected with the air inlet of the turbine expander 8 through a main pipeline 22, a first electric stop valve 5 and an electric flow regulating valve 6 are installed on the main pipeline 22, the air outlet of the turbine expander 8 is connected with a low steam pressure user side 13, and a second electric pressure regulating valve 9 and a back pressure valve 10 are installed on an outlet pipeline of the turbine expander 8; the steam pipeline 21 is connected to the low steam pressure user side 13 through an emergency stop bypass pipeline 23, and a second electric stop valve 7 is installed on the emergency stop bypass pipeline 23; the turbo expander 8, the generator 11 and the frequency converter 12 are connected in sequence.
In the present embodiment, the outlet line of the turbo expander 8 merges with the emergency stop bypass line 23 and is connected to the low steam pressure user side 13, and a check valve is installed on the outlet line of the turbo expander 8 for preventing the steam in the emergency stop bypass line 23 from flowing backward into the outlet of the turbo expander 8.
The working method comprises the following steps: referring to fig. 2, after steam enters the turbo expander 8, the steam enters the volute 14 through the air inlet pipeline and enters the impeller 16 through the nozzle ring blade channel 15, the steam expands to apply work to rotate the impeller 16 so as to output mechanical work, drive the rotor to rotate and cut magnetic induction lines to generate electric energy, and then exhaust steam is discharged through the diffusion chamber; on the main path pipeline 22, when the turbo expander 8 normally operates, the first electric stop valve 5 is in an open state, and when the turbo expander 8 fails, the first electric stop valve 5 is rapidly closed to protect the turbo expander 8; on scram bypass pipeline 23, when turboexpander 8 normally works, No. two electronic stop valve 7 is in the closed condition, when turboexpander 8 broke down, opens No. two electronic stop valve 7 for the pressure release earial drainage to reach the purpose of protection whole equipment.
The steam flow entering the turbo expander 8 is controlled by adjusting the opening of the electric flow regulating valve 6, so that the purpose of regulating the output power of the turbo expander 8 is achieved.
The turboexpander 8 is in radial fluid motion, the fluid moving laterally during rotation of the impeller 16; the displaced fluid then moves up or down, returning to the center toward the impeller 16; the result of such fluid movement is that the rotor has less mechanical stress.
In the embodiment, the residual pressure power generation system adopts the static pressure air bearing 17 to suspend the main shaft in the air, the main shaft can stably rotate with high precision, the friction coefficient of the bearing 17 is small, lubricating oil is not needed, no noise exists, anti-collision protection is realized, the speed control performance is excellent, and the rotating speed can be higher than 30000rpm and is far higher than that of common turbine equipment.
The residual pressure power generation system adopts the high-speed high-power permanent magnet generator 11, the gear box design is cancelled, lubricating oil is not needed, the power of a single machine can reach 300KW grade, and the power required by a user is freely provided by the aid of a frequency conversion technology.
The excess pressure power generation system is suitable for distributed low power users and therefore employs a single stage impeller 16 turboexpander 8. With a single stage impeller 16, the problem of axial force imbalance inevitably arises. Especially in the starting situation, abrupt changes in the axial force occur. If the balancing mechanism is not able to balance the axial forces quickly, the life of the bearing 17 will be affected and even the equipment will be destroyed directly. The traditional axial force balancing method comprises a thrust bearing 17, a balancing hole or a balancing pipe, a symmetrical impeller 16 arrangement, a back auxiliary blade, a balancing disk, a balancing drum and the like. However, the traditional method can not completely balance all unbalanced axial force, and particularly, the axial force is suddenly changed under the conditions of variable working conditions and starting, so that the balance is more difficult. The residual pressure power generation system balances the axial force by combining three methods of air supply of the balance cavity, an inference disk and a unique impeller 16 design.
Designing an air supply system: the air compressor supplies air to the air compression tank to ensure pressure. The air compression tank supplies air to the balance cavity, the air bearing 17 and the dry air seal respectively. The residual pressure power generation is started and under the variable working condition state: the air supply pressure of the balance cavity is adjusted to ensure the balance of the axial force; and in the emergency shutdown state, stopping gas supply, closing the balance cavity, and exhausting the gas in the balance cavity through the bypass.
In the embodiment, the distributed residual pressure power generation system based on the high-efficiency radial turbine is mainly used for solving the problem that steam pressure requirements of a supply side and a demand side are not matched, and particularly refers to the situation that the pressure of the supply side is high and the pressure of a user is low.
The steam parameters of a supplier, namely a high-steam-pressure user side 1 are 2.5MPa pressure, 250 ℃, the steam quantity is 2t/h, and the steam parameters reaching a steam inlet of a user are 2.28MPa pressure and 198 ℃; the heat supply parameters required by the low steam pressure user side 13 are 1.0MPa pressure and 180 ℃, and the steam quantity is 2 t/h. At the moment, the residual pressure power generation system is installed at a user, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
1. when the device is started, steam is firstly introduced for heating the pipe, and the drain valve 3 is opened to discharge water in the pipeline;
2. steam enters the volute casing 14 from the air inlet pipe through the first electric stop valve 5 of the regulating system;
3. steam enters a working impeller 16 through a nozzle ring blade passage 15, and expands to do work to rotate the impeller 16 so as to output mechanical work, drive a generator rotor to rotate and cut magnetic induction lines to generate electric energy;
4. a first electric pressure regulating valve 2 and a second electric pressure regulating valve 9 of the regulating system ensure the stable pressure difference between the front and the back of the turboexpander 8;
5. an electric flow regulating valve 6 of the regulating system meets the power requirement of a user;
6. when the turboexpander 8 fails, the second electric stop valve 7 on the emergency stop bypass pipeline 23 is opened, and the first electric stop valve 5 on the main pipeline 22 is closed, so that emergency stop is performed.
The steam of a supplier, namely the high-steam-pressure user side 1 is conveyed to the turbo expander 8 through the steam pipeline 21, the turbo expander 8 drives the generator 11 to rotate to do work, the internal energy of the steam is converted into electric energy, the electric energy is locally supplied to the low-steam-pressure user side 13 for use or conveyed to a power grid through a grid-connected cabinet, and the energy utilization rate and the economical efficiency of the system can be greatly improved.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, it should not be construed as being limited to the scope of the present invention, and any modifications and alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A distributed residual pressure power generation system based on a high-efficiency radial turbine comprises a high-steam-pressure user side (1) and a low-steam-pressure user side (13), and is characterized in that the high-steam-pressure user side (1) is connected with a steam pipeline (21), and a first electric pressure regulating valve (2), a drain valve (3) and a flowmeter (4) are installed on the steam pipeline (21); the steam pipeline (21) is connected with an air inlet of the turbine expander (8) through a main pipeline (22), a first electric stop valve (5) and an electric flow regulating valve (6) are installed on the main pipeline (22), an air outlet of the turbine expander (8) is connected with a low steam pressure user side (13), and a second electric pressure regulating valve (9) and a back pressure valve (10) are installed on an outlet pipeline of the turbine expander (8); the steam pipeline (21) is connected to the low steam pressure user side (13) through an emergency stop bypass pipeline (23), and a second electric stop valve (7) is installed on the emergency stop bypass pipeline (23); the turbo expander (8), the generator (11) and the frequency converter (12) are connected in sequence.
2. The high-efficiency radial turbine-based distributed residual pressure power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the generator (11) is a permanent magnet generator.
3. The high-efficiency radial turbine-based distributed residual pressure power generation system according to claim 1, wherein an outlet line of the turboexpander (8) is merged with the scram bypass pipe (23) and connected to the low steam pressure user side (13), and a check valve is installed on an outlet line of the turboexpander (8) for preventing steam in the scram bypass pipe (23) from flowing backward into an outlet of the turboexpander (8).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110118106A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-08-13 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of distributed top pressure power generation system and working method based on efficient radial turbines |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110118106A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-08-13 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of distributed top pressure power generation system and working method based on efficient radial turbines |
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