Photovoltaic power generation system and detection system of photovoltaic module
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a photovoltaic power generation technical field, more specifically say, relate to photovoltaic power generation system and photovoltaic module's detecting system.
Background
The dust is attached to the surface of the photovoltaic cell panel, can shade the light, and influences the absorption of the photovoltaic cell panel to the light, thereby influencing the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic cell panel. The ratio of the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic cell panel reduced by the adhesion of dust to the surface of the photovoltaic cell panel to the theoretical power generation capacity is called the dust loss degree of the photovoltaic module. The theoretical generated energy is generated energy of the photovoltaic cell panel in a dust-free state. The dust loss degree of the photovoltaic module can be detected by a short-circuit current relative error comparison method. And the long-term short circuit of photovoltaic module can influence photovoltaic module's life-span, consequently, when short-circuit current sampling, usually carry out intermittent type nature short circuit control to photovoltaic module to reduce the influence of short-circuit current sampling to photovoltaic module life-span.
In implementing the utility model discloses in-process, the inventor finds among the prior art, when testing photovoltaic module's dust loss degree, has following problem at least: when the photovoltaic module is struck by lightning, a weak current system of the detection system is easily damaged. For example, fig. 1 shows an apparatus for online analyzing performance of a photovoltaic module in the prior art, which employs an intelligent control circuit to control a short-circuit device, and performs detection of output current and output voltage at an output end of a photovoltaic string, so as to perform online analysis on performance of the photovoltaic module in real time. However, the short-circuit device is directly connected with the direct-current side input line of the photovoltaic module, and when the photovoltaic module is struck by lightning, the weak current system has no lightning protection capability and is easily damaged.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, a photovoltaic power generation system and a detection system of a photovoltaic module are provided to achieve the purpose of improving the lightning protection capability of a weak current system when the photovoltaic module is struck by lightning.
In order to achieve the above object, the following solutions are proposed:
a detection system for a photovoltaic module, comprising:
the first field effect transistor switch is connected between the anode input line and the cathode input line of the photovoltaic module to be tested;
the second field effect transistor switch is connected between the anode input line and the cathode input line of the reference photovoltaic module;
the first Hall current sensor is arranged between the anode input line and the cathode input line of the photovoltaic module to be tested;
a second Hall current sensor disposed between a positive input line and a negative input line of the reference photovoltaic module; and,
and the electric isolation unit is used for transmitting the driving signal and the power supply signal provided by the weak current system of the detection system to the first field effect transistor switch and the second field effect transistor switch in an isolated manner.
Optionally, the electrical isolation unit includes:
the input end of the electric isolation device receives the driving signal, and the output end of the electric isolation device is respectively connected with the control end of the first field effect transistor switch and the control end of the second field effect transistor switch; and,
an isolation power supply to isolate a reference ground of the first and second FET switches from a ground of a weak electrical system of the detection system.
Optionally, the electrical isolator device is:
a photocoupler, an electromagnetic coupler, or a capacitive coupler.
Optionally, the detection system further includes:
the two first piezoresistors are connected in parallel to the input line of the photovoltaic module to be tested in series, and the two first piezoresistors are grounded; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
and the two second piezoresistors are connected in parallel with the input line of the reference photovoltaic module in series, and the two second piezoresistors are grounded.
Optionally, the first voltage dependent resistor and/or the second voltage dependent resistor specifically include: a metal oxide varistor.
Optionally, the detection system further includes:
the first transient suppression diode is connected to the input line of the photovoltaic component to be detected in parallel, the anode of the first transient suppression diode is connected with the cathode input line of the photovoltaic component to be detected, and the cathode of the first transient suppression diode is connected with the anode input line of the photovoltaic component to be detected; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
and the second transient suppression diode is connected with the reference photovoltaic assembly input line in parallel, the anode of the second transient suppression diode is connected with the reference photovoltaic assembly cathode input line, and the cathode of the second transient suppression diode is connected with the reference photovoltaic assembly anode input line.
Optionally, the weak current system includes:
the driving circuit is used for generating driving signals of the first field effect transistor switch and the second field effect transistor switch;
a signal generation module for generating a control signal of the driving circuit;
the sampling circuit is respectively connected with the first Hall current sensor and the second Hall current sensor; and the number of the first and second groups,
and the controller is respectively connected with the sampling circuit and the signal generation module.
Optionally, the isolated power supply includes: the power supply, the power supply control circuit and the transformer;
the power supply supplies power to the controller, the sampling circuit, the signal generating module, the first Hall current sensor, the second Hall current sensor, the driving circuit and the primary side of the transformer through the power supply control circuit respectively, and the secondary side of the transformer is used for supplying power to the output end of the electrical isolation device.
Optionally, the signal generating module is:
and the signal generation module is used for generating TTL level, periodic level signals or clock level signals.
Optionally, the first fet switch is:
two MOS tubes in reverse series connection or two IGBT tubes in reverse series connection;
the second field effect transistor switch is as follows: two MOS tubes in reverse series connection or two IGBT tubes in reverse series connection.
A photovoltaic power generation system comprises a reference photovoltaic assembly, a photovoltaic assembly to be detected and the photovoltaic assembly detection system.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the utility model have following advantage:
the detection system of the photovoltaic module provided by the technical scheme comprises an electric isolation unit which is used for isolating and transmitting a driving signal and a power supply signal provided by a weak current system of the detection system to a first field effect transistor switch and a second field effect transistor switch; the short-circuit current acquisition device also comprises a Hall current sensor with certain voltage endurance capacity for acquiring short-circuit current. Therefore, when the photovoltaic module is struck by lightning, overcurrent or overvoltage signals cannot be transmitted to the weak current system through the signal line and the power line, and the lightning protection capability of the weak current system is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for on-line analyzing performance of a photovoltaic module in the prior art;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection system of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection system of a photovoltaic module according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection system of a photovoltaic module according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection system of a photovoltaic module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a detection system of a photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present invention, which includes: the device comprises a first field effect transistor switch, a second field effect transistor switch, an electric isolation unit, a first Hall current sensor and a second Hall current sensor. Wherein,
after the positive input line or the negative input line of the photovoltaic module to be tested passes through the first Hall current sensor, the positive input line and the negative input line are connected through the first field effect transistor switch.
After the positive input line or the negative input line of the reference photovoltaic module passes through the second Hall current sensor, the positive input line and the negative input line are connected through the second field effect transistor switch. The reference photovoltaic module is a photovoltaic module which keeps a dust-free state, and can be periodically cleaned through manual work or related cleaning devices, so that the reference photovoltaic module keeps the dust-free state.
The electric isolation unit is arranged between the weak current system of the detection system and the first field effect transistor switch and the second field effect transistor switch. The electric isolation unit transmits the driving signal and the power supply signal provided by the weak current system to the first field effect transistor switch and the second field effect transistor switch in an isolated mode. So as to respectively control the on-off states of the first field effect transistor switch and the second field effect transistor switch.
The detection principle of the detection system of the photovoltaic module provided by the embodiment is as follows: when the photovoltaic module to be detected is detected on line, the weak current system generates a driving signal, and the driving signal is respectively transmitted to the first field effect tube switch and the second field effect tube switch through electric isolation to respectively control the on-off states of the first field effect tube switch and the second field effect tube switch; when the first field effect transistor switch is switched on, the short-circuit current I of the photovoltaic module to be detected is acquired through the first Hall current sensor1(ii) a In the second FET switchWhen the photovoltaic module is switched on, the short-circuit current I of the reference photovoltaic module is acquired through the second Hall current sensor2(ii) a The dust loss degree loss of the photovoltaic module to be tested is characterized as loss (I) by the relative error of the short-circuit current2-I1)/I2×100%。
The detection system of the photovoltaic module provided by the embodiment comprises an electric isolation unit which is used for transmitting a driving signal and a power supply signal provided by a weak current system to a first field effect transistor switch and a second field effect transistor switch in an isolated manner; the Hall current sensor is used for collecting short-circuit current, and according to the Hall principle, the primary side and the secondary side of the Hall current sensor are isolated, so that the Hall current sensor has certain voltage resistance. Therefore, when the photovoltaic module is struck by lightning, overcurrent or overvoltage signals cannot be transmitted to the weak current system through the signal line and the power line, and the lightning protection capability of the weak current system is improved.
Referring to fig. 3, the electrical isolation unit may specifically include an electrical isolation device and an isolation power supply. The input end of the electrical isolation device receives a driving signal, and the output end of the electrical isolation device is respectively connected with the control end of the first field effect transistor switch and the control end of the second field effect transistor switch. Specifically, the electrical isolator device includes, but is not limited to, one of a photocoupler, an electromagnetic coupler, and a capacitive coupler. The isolation power supply isolates the reference grounds of the first and second fet switches from the ground of the weak current system of the detection system.
In the detection system of the photovoltaic module provided by this embodiment, the driving signal issued by the weak current system is transmitted to the field effect transistor switch through the electrical isolator device, so that the isolation of the driving signal between the photovoltaic module and the weak current system is realized; and the reference ground of the field effect transistor switch is isolated from the ground of the weak current system through an isolation power supply. Therefore, when the photovoltaic module is struck by lightning, overcurrent or overvoltage signals cannot be transmitted to the weak current system through the signal line and the power line, and the lightning protection capability of the weak current system is improved.
Referring to fig. 4, the weak current system of the detection system includes a driving circuit, a controller, a sampling circuit, and a signal generation module. Wherein,
and the driving circuit is used for generating driving signals of the first field effect transistor switch and the second field effect transistor switch.
And the signal generation module is used for generating a control signal of the driving circuit. The driving circuit generates a driving signal according to the control signal sent by the signal generating module. Specifically, the signal generating module generates the control signal including, but not limited to, one of a TTL level signal, a periodic level signal, and a clock level signal.
The input end of the driving circuit is connected with the signal generating module, and generates a driving signal according to the control signal generated by the signal generating module.
The sampling circuit is respectively connected with the first Hall current sensor, the second Hall current sensor and the controller. The controller is also connected with the signal generation module.
When the photovoltaic module to be detected is detected on line, the signal generation module generates a control signal and sends the control signal to the drive circuit, the drive circuit generates a drive signal according to the control signal, and the signal generation circuit also sends the generated control signal to the controller; the controller can judge whether the driving signals of the first field effect transistor switch and the second field effect transistor switch are successfully issued or not according to the control signals and the data sent by the sampling circuit.
The isolated power supply includes a power supply, a power control circuit, and a transformer. The power supply respectively supplies power to the controller, the sampling circuit, the signal generating module, the first Hall current sensor, the second Hall current sensor, the driving circuit and the primary side of the transformer through the power supply control circuit, and the secondary side of the transformer is used for supplying power to the output end of the electric isolation device.
The utility model discloses a photovoltaic module's detecting system that another embodiment provided, relative to the detecting system that fig. 2 shows, still include and connect in parallel at the first piezo-resistor of two concatenations of the photovoltaic module input line that awaits measuring, ground connection between two first piezo-resistors; and/or the two second piezoresistors are connected in parallel with the input line of the reference photovoltaic module in series, and the two second piezoresistors are grounded. Referring to fig. 5, the first and second voltage dependent resistors are Metal Oxide Varistors (MOVs), and the positive input line and the negative input line of the photovoltaic module are respectively connected to the ground through one MOV.
The photovoltaic module testing device also comprises a first TVS (Transient voltage suppressor) connected in parallel with an input line of the photovoltaic module to be tested, wherein the anode of the first TVS is connected with a cathode input line of the photovoltaic module to be tested, and the cathode of the first TVS is connected with the anode input line of the photovoltaic module to be tested; and/or, a second TVS connected in parallel with the reference photovoltaic module input line, wherein the anode of the second TVS is connected with the cathode input line of the reference photovoltaic module, and the cathode of the second TVS is connected with the anode input line of the reference photovoltaic module. When the two ends of the TVS are subjected to transient high-energy impact, the TVS can change the impedance value between the two ends from high impedance to low impedance at a very high speed so as to absorb a transient large current and clamp the voltage between the two ends of the TVS at a preset value, thereby protecting the following circuit elements from the impact of transient high-voltage spike pulse.
The field effect transistor switch is specifically an MOS transistor. The electrical isolator device is embodied as a photocoupler. The signal generating module is specifically a timer. The timer generates a clock level signal, and the clock level signal controls the on-off of the switching device after passing through the photoelectric coupler. The driving reference level and the reference ground of the secondary side of the photoelectric coupler are provided by the secondary side of the isolation power supply, and the power supply of the isolation power supply respectively supplies power to the controller, the timer, the sampling circuit, the driving circuit, the first Hall current sensor, the second Hall current sensor and the primary side of the transformer through the power supply control circuit.
An isolated power supply, including a power supply (not shown), a power control circuit, and a transformer. The power supply respectively supplies power to the controller, the sampling circuit, the timer, the first Hall current sensor, the second Hall current sensor, the driving circuit and the primary side of the transformer through the power supply control circuit, and the secondary side of the transformer is used for supplying power to the output end of the electric isolation device.
The first fet switch may also be: two MOS tubes in reverse series connection or two IGBT tubes in reverse series connection. Thereby the switch device has the function of anti-reflux. The second fet switch may also be: two MOS tubes in reverse series connection or two IGBT tubes in reverse series connection.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a photovoltaic power generation system is still provided, including the detecting system who refers to photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module that awaits measuring and photovoltaic module. The detection system of the photovoltaic module is shown in fig. 2-5, and the specific structure and principle of the detection system can be found by referring to the above embodiments, which are not described in detail herein.
When the photovoltaic modules to be detected are multiple, all the photovoltaic modules to be detected can share one reference photovoltaic module, and the photovoltaic modules to be detected are detected in a time-sharing mode.
In this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a device that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of additional like elements in a device that comprises the element.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The above description of the disclosed embodiments of the invention enables one skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.