CN210155944U - Simple teaching experiment device for measuring internal force of structure - Google Patents

Simple teaching experiment device for measuring internal force of structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN210155944U
CN210155944U CN201920407641.7U CN201920407641U CN210155944U CN 210155944 U CN210155944 U CN 210155944U CN 201920407641 U CN201920407641 U CN 201920407641U CN 210155944 U CN210155944 U CN 210155944U
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
rod
sleeve
internal force
measuring
hydraulic
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201920407641.7U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
朱正国
高云河
吴代生
蒲瑞新
杨智慧
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Guangxi Zhisheng Education Technology Co ltd
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Nanning College for Vocational Technology
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Abstract

The utility model relates to a simple teaching experiment device for measuring internal force of a structure, which comprises a truss rod structure and a force measuring device, wherein the force measuring device comprises a liquid-sealed glass tube, a guide tube, a hydraulic device and a left side rod, the back of the liquid-sealed glass tube is provided with a scale marking substrate, one end of the guide tube is connected with the liquid-sealed glass tube, the other end of the guide tube is connected with the hydraulic device, the hydraulic device comprises a sleeve and a push rod sleeve, the sleeve is arranged in the left side rod, and a push-pull piston is arranged in the sleeve; the sleeve is internally filled with liquid seal oil, the front end of the sleeve is provided with a liquid outlet, the guide pipe is hermetically connected with the liquid outlet, and the ends of the left side lever and the push rod are respectively connected with other members of the truss structure and used as internal force measuring rods of specified members in the truss structure. The utility model discloses the installation is nimble, internal force measuring result is directly perceived, and simple easy operation need not other electronic equipment assistance, and internal force measuring result data precision is high, makes things convenient for the experimental teaching of "architectural mechanics and structure" course greatly.

Description

Simple teaching experiment device for measuring internal force of structure
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a mechanics experimental apparatus technical field especially relates to a simple and easy teaching experiment device of measuring structure internal force.
Background
Internal forces of a structure are an extremely abstract concept, and forces are interactions between objects. The force action effect can be displayed only through the deformation and the damage of an object, and the force magnitude, especially the force magnitude in the object, cannot be sensed by people and can be detected only through high-precision instruments or calculated through a complex mechanical theory. The mechanical course in the high-level civil engineering professional courses is the most difficult course in all the professional courses, and the main reason is that the theory of mechanics and structure is too abstract, and the calculation process is complicated and easy to make mistakes. In addition, the internal force of the structure cannot be perceived, students cannot directly check whether the theoretical calculation result is correct or not through practice, the learning difficulty is high, and the effect is poor.
The existing internal force measurement experimental device is mainly characterized in that a strain gauge is attached to a structural rod piece to be measured, an electronic detection instrument is connected, the resistance of the strain gauge is slightly changed due to the deformation of the rod piece, so that the local strain of the rod piece is obtained, the stress of the rod piece is calculated by combining the physical performance parameters (elastic modulus) of the material of the rod piece, and then the internal force value is calculated according to the section parameters of the material and the material mechanics theory. The error of the internal force result obtained by the measuring method is large, and the measuring result is influenced by a plurality of factors, such as: the sticking quality of the strain gauge, the physical performance parameters of the rod piece material are uncertain, and the like. Moreover, the measurement result is not obtained directly through an internal force value, but is obtained through an indirect calculation method from strain to stress and then to internal force, and the result is not visual. Therefore, the professional students have not strong willingness to accept the measurement results, the accuracy of theoretical calculation results cannot be grasped, and the resultant target is fuzzy.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a simple and easy teaching experiment device of measurement structure internal force utilizes the device, can measure the internal force size of each pole in the pole system among the structural model directly perceived, verifies the theoretical exactness of internal force calculation among the architectural mechanics theory, is favorable to the teacher to the teaching organization and the development of mechanics and structure course.
In order to realize the purpose, the utility model discloses a technical scheme as follows:
a simple teaching experiment device for measuring internal force of a structure comprises a truss rod structure and a force measuring device, wherein the force measuring device comprises a liquid seal type glass tube, a guide tube, a hydraulic device and a left side rod, a scale mark substrate is arranged on the back surface of the liquid seal type glass tube, one end of the guide tube is connected with the liquid seal type glass tube, the other end of the guide tube is connected with the hydraulic device, the hydraulic device comprises a sleeve and a push rod, the sleeve is arranged in the left side rod, a push-pull piston is arranged in the sleeve, and one end of the push rod is connected with the piston; the hydraulic sealing oil is contained in the sleeve, the front end of the sleeve is provided with a liquid outlet, the guide pipe is connected with the liquid outlet in a sealing mode, and the other ends of the left side lever and the push rod are respectively connected with the truss rod structure and serve as a structural internal force measuring rod of the truss rod structure.
Preferably, the trolley also comprises a right side rod, one end of the right side rod is connected with the push rod, and the other end of the right side rod is connected with the truss rod structure.
Preferably, the truss rod structure comprises a support, a plurality of struts and a plurality of hinge point discs, the left side rod and the right side rod are respectively connected with one or more of the struts through the hinge point discs, the struts are connected with the struts through the hinge point discs, and the support is arranged on one or two of the hinge point discs.
Preferably, the truss rod structure comprises an upper cross rod and a lower cross rod which are arranged in parallel, and a vertical rod and an inclined rod which are connected with the upper cross rod and the lower cross rod through a hinged point disc to form an inverted trapezoidal structure, and the supports are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the upper cross rod through the hinged point disc; the two upper cross rods are connected with a force measuring device.
Preferably, the upper cross bar comprises a left upper cross bar and a right upper cross bar, a left side bar of the force measuring device is connected with the left upper cross bar through a hinge point disc, and a right side bar of the force measuring device is connected with the right upper cross bar through a hinge point disc.
Preferably, the connecting device further comprises an inclined web member which is arranged between the two symmetrical vertical rods through a hinged point disc.
Preferably, the number of the liquid-sealed glass tube, the number of the guide tube and the number of the hydraulic devices are two, the two hydraulic devices are respectively and symmetrically connected with the left side rod, and two ends of the guide tube are respectively connected with the liquid-sealed glass tube and the hydraulic devices.
Preferably, the right end of the left side lever is provided with a groove, the diameter of the groove is matched with a sleeve of the hydraulic device, and the sleeve is sleeved in the groove.
Preferably, clamping grooves are formed in the two inner sides of the right side rod, a connecting rod is arranged at one end, connected with the right side rod, of the push rod, the width of the connecting rod is matched with that of the clamping grooves, and the two ends of the connecting rod are inserted into the clamping grooves of the right side rod.
The utility model discloses the rationale of device is: according to the law of thermodynamics of gas, the product of the volume of gas and the pressure applied to the gas is a constant value for the gas enclosed at a constant temperature. The method comprises the steps that a force measuring device is installed in a truss rod system structure to serve as a rod to be measured, when external force load acts on the truss rod system structure, pulling and pressing internal force (axial force) can be generated at the position of the rod to be measured, a hydraulic device generates pressure action on liquid sealed inside a sleeve, the liquid transmits the pressure to gas inside a glass tube with one sealed end outside through a guide pipe, the sealed gas inside the glass tube generates volume change under the sealing action of the pressure liquid, so that the liquid level inside the glass tube is lifted, at the moment, the internal force applied to the rod to be measured can be directly reflected through the height of the liquid level inside a liquid sealed glass tube connected with the outside, and then the parameter of the internal force is read from a scale mark on the liquid sealed glass tube, so that the purpose of directly measuring the internal force value of a designated rod piece in a structural model is.
Determination of scale marks characterizing the magnitude of the internal force: before the device is installed, the scale on the dial is calibrated, the liquid level position in the glass tube is aligned to the '0' scale under the non-pressure state, the pulling pressure action with controllable magnitude is directly exerted on the hydraulic device piston, so that the liquid level change in the liquid seal type glass tube is caused, the action value and the measuring range of the pulling pressure are correspondingly calibrated, the glass tube can be repeatedly used only through one-time calibration, then the dial with the calibrated internal force value (axial force) and the liquid seal type glass tube are fixed into a whole, the glass tube is connected with the hydraulic device of the rod to be tested through a guide pipe, and the rod to be tested can be used as the internal force testing rod of the rod piece at any position in the rod system structure test by adjusting the length of the glass tube and the sealing amount of liquid in the sleeve of the hydraulic device.
The utility model discloses owing to adopted above-mentioned technical scheme, following beneficial effect has:
(1) the utility model discloses a simple and easy teaching experiment device of measurement structure internal force is current structural model internal force measuring equipment relatively, and simple easy operation need not other electronic equipment supplementary, does not have other consumptive materials, repeatedly usable, and cost is low.
(2) The utility model discloses internal force measuring result is directly perceived, can directly read out the internal force value (axial force or moment of flexure) at the position that the structure need not the position of liquid level in the glass pipe and await measuring the position, need not the mechanical properties parameter (elastic modulus, cross section parameter etc.) participation calculation of member material, and systematic error is little, and internal force measuring result data accuracy is high.
(3) The utility model discloses the device installation is nimble, can participate in the atress as arbitrary member in the rod system structural model to survey out the internal force value of this department, make things convenient for the experimental teaching of mechanics and structure course greatly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the force measuring device of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-truss rod structure, 2-force measuring device, 3-structural rod, 101-left upper cross rod, 102-right upper cross rod, 103-vertical rod, 104-diagonal rod, 105-lower cross rod, 106-diagonal web member, 107-hinged joint disc, 108-support, 201-liquid seal type glass tube, 202-guide tube, 203-sleeve, 204-push rod, 205-left side rod, 206-right side rod and 207-hydraulic device.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and by referring to preferred embodiments. It should be noted, however, that the numerous details set forth in the description are merely for the purpose of providing the reader with a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present invention, which may be practiced without these specific details.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, according to the utility model discloses a simple and easy teaching experiment device of internal force of measurement structure, including truss rod structure 1 and measuring force device 2, measuring force device 2 includes liquid seal formula glass pipe 201, pipe 202, hydraulic means 207, left side pole 205 and right side pole 206, the liquid seal formula glass pipe 201 back is provided with the scale mark substrate, the one end and the liquid seal formula glass pipe 201 of pipe 202 are connected, and the other end and the hydraulic means 207 of pipe 202 are connected, hydraulic means 207 includes sleeve 203 and push rod 204, sleeve 203 sets up in left side pole 205, be provided with the push-and-pull piston in the sleeve 203, the one end and the piston of push rod 204 are connected, and the other end and the right side pole 206 of push rod 204 are connected; the sleeve 203 is filled with liquid seal oil, the front end of the sleeve 203 is provided with a liquid outlet, the guide pipe 202 is connected with the liquid outlet in a sealing manner, and the left side rod 205 and the right side rod 206 are respectively connected with the truss rod structure 1 and are used as structural internal force to-be-measured rods of the truss rod structure 1; the truss rod structure 1 comprises a support 108, a plurality of supporting rods and a plurality of hinged point discs 107, the left side rod 205 and the right side rod 206 are connected with one or more supporting rods through the hinged point discs 107, the supporting rods are connected with the supporting rods through the hinged point discs 107, the support 108 is arranged on one or two hinged point discs 107, different structural models can be formed by the support and the hinged point discs 107 through the length change and replacement of the structural rods 3 in a rod system, and the requirements of calculation and experimental verification of internal force (axial force) of various modeling structures in course teaching are met.
As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the truss rod structure 1 includes an upper cross rod and a lower cross rod 105 arranged in parallel, and a vertical rod 103 and an inclined rod 104 connecting the upper cross rod and the lower cross rod 105 through a hinge point disc 107 to form an inverted trapezoid structure, and the supports 108 are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the upper cross rod through the hinge point disc 107; the number of the upper cross rods is two, and a force measuring device 2 is connected between the two upper cross rods; preferably, the upper cross bars comprise a left upper cross bar 101 and a right upper cross bar 102, the left side bar 105 of the force measuring device 2 is connected with the left upper cross bar 101 through a hinge point disc 105, and the right side bar 206 is connected with the right upper cross bar 102 through a hinge point disc 107; the connecting rod further comprises an inclined web member 106, wherein the inclined web member 106 is arranged between the two symmetrical vertical rods 103 through a hinged point plate 107; preferably, a groove is formed in the right end of the left rod 205, the diameter of the groove is matched with that of a sleeve 203 of the hydraulic device 207, and the sleeve 203 is sleeved in the groove; clamping grooves are formed in the two inner sides of the right side rod 206, a connecting rod is arranged at one end, connected with the right side rod 206, of the push rod 204, the width of the connecting rod is matched with the clamping grooves, and the two ends of the connecting rod are inserted into the clamping grooves of the right side rod 206.
The measurement process is as follows:
(1) the hydraulic device 207 and the guide pipe 202 are filled with hydraulic oil, and a half volume of gas is sealed by the hydraulic oil in the liquid-sealed glass tube 201, the glass tube is vertically placed, and the gas is positioned at the upper half part of the glass tube;
(2) directly applying the action of pulling and pressure with controllable magnitude to the installed hydraulic device 207, and making scale marks on the liquid-sealed glass tube 201 according to the position of the liquid level in the liquid-sealed glass tube 201 so as to mark the magnitude of the force; the liquid level position under the action of no force is 0 scale;
(3) a left side rod 205 and a right side rod 206 of the calibrated force measuring device 2 are used as rod pieces and are installed in the truss rod structure 1 model as rods to be measured;
(4) the method comprises the steps of carrying out targeted loading on an installed truss rod structure 1 model, observing the liquid level change condition in a liquid seal type glass tube 201 in a force measuring device 2 after a rod to be measured is stressed, directly obtaining the internal force value of the rod to be measured after the rod to be measured is stabilized, and comparing and verifying the internal force value with the result of mechanical theory calculation of the rod to be measured in the structure, thereby achieving the purpose of theoretical teaching and test comparison verification in the course of 'architectural mechanics and structure'.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1, according to the utility model discloses a simple and easy teaching experiment device of internal force of measurement structure, including truss rod structure 1 and measuring force device 2, measuring force device 2 includes liquid seal formula glass pipe 201, pipe 202, hydraulic means 207 and left side pole 205, the liquid seal formula glass pipe 201 back is provided with the scale mark substrate, the one end and the liquid seal formula glass pipe 201 of pipe 202 are connected, the other end and the hydraulic means 207 of pipe 202 are connected, hydraulic means 207 includes sleeve 203 and push rod 204, sleeve 203 sets up in left side pole 205, be provided with the piston in the sleeve 203, the one end and the piston of push rod 204 are connected, the other end and the truss rod structural connection of push rod 204; the sleeve 203 is filled with liquid seal oil, the front end of the sleeve 203 is provided with a liquid outlet, the guide pipe 202 is hermetically connected with the liquid outlet, and the other ends of the left side rod 205 and the push rod 204 are connected with the truss rod structure 1 and used as a structural internal force measuring rod of the truss rod structure 1; the truss rod structure 1 comprises a support 108, a plurality of structural rods 3 and a plurality of hinged point discs 107, the left side rod 205 is connected with one or more structural rods 3 through the hinged point discs 107, the structural rods 3 are connected with the structural rods 3 through the hinged point discs 107, the support 108 is arranged on one or two hinged point discs 107, different structural models can be formed by the support 108 and the hinged point discs 107 through length change and replacement of the structural rods 3 in a rod system, and the requirements of calculation and experimental verification of internal force (axial force) of various modeling structures in course teaching are met.
As shown in fig. 3, the liquid-sealed glass tube 201, the guide tube 202 and the hydraulic device 207 are two, the two hydraulic devices 207 are symmetrically connected to the left rod 205, the other end of the push rod 204 of the hydraulic device 207 is connected to the structural rod 3, and both ends of the guide tube 202 are connected to the liquid-sealed glass tube 201 and the hydraulic device 207.
The embodiment can have the function of measuring the internal force bending moment of the bent rod piece. As shown in fig. 3, when the structural bar 3 of the measured truss bar structure 1 is bent, the upper and lower parts of the cross section at the bent point are respectively provided with a hydraulic device 207, the left side bar 205 and the push bar 204 of the force measuring device 2 are respectively connected with the structural bar 3, and independently bear the pressure and the tension generated by the bending moment in the cross section, and the product of the sum of the actually measured pressure and tension values (H value) and e/2 (the central distance between the two hydraulic devices 207) is the internal force bending moment value at the bent point; after the force measuring device is calibrated, the force measuring device can be directly connected with nodes in a truss rod structure through a rod end 1 and a rod end 2 to form a structural test teaching model for contrastive analysis of internal force calculation and experiment of the flexural rod.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a simple and easy teaching experiment device of measurement structure internal force which characterized in that: the device comprises a truss rod structure and a force measuring device, wherein the force measuring device comprises a liquid seal type glass tube, a guide tube, a hydraulic device and a left side rod, a scale mark substrate is arranged on the back surface of the liquid seal type glass tube, one end of the guide tube is connected with the liquid seal type glass tube, the other end of the guide tube is connected with the hydraulic device, the hydraulic device comprises a sleeve and a push rod, the sleeve is arranged in the left side rod, a push-pull piston is arranged in the sleeve, and one end of the push rod is connected with the piston; the hydraulic sealing oil is contained in the sleeve, the front end of the sleeve is provided with a liquid outlet, the guide pipe is connected with the liquid outlet in a sealing mode, and the other ends of the left side lever and the push rod are respectively connected with the truss rod structure and serve as a structural internal force measuring rod of the truss rod structure.
2. The simple teaching experiment device for measuring the internal force of the structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the device is characterized by further comprising a right side rod, wherein one end of the right side rod is connected with the push rod, and the other end of the right side rod is connected with the truss rod structure.
3. The simple teaching experiment device for measuring the internal force of the structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the truss rod structure comprises a support, a plurality of supporting rods and a plurality of hinge point discs, the left side rod and the right side rod are connected with one or more of the supporting rods through the hinge point discs, the supporting rods are connected with the supporting rods through the hinge point discs, and the support is arranged on one or two of the hinge point discs.
4. The simple teaching experiment device for measuring the internal force of the structure as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the truss rod structure comprises an upper cross rod and a lower cross rod which are arranged in parallel, and a vertical rod and an inclined rod which are connected with the upper cross rod and the lower cross rod through hinged point discs to form an inverted trapezoidal structure, and the supports are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the upper cross rod through the hinged point discs; the two upper cross rods are connected with a force measuring device.
5. The simple teaching experiment device for measuring the internal force of the structure as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the upper cross rod comprises a left upper cross rod and a right upper cross rod, a left side rod of the force measuring device is connected with the left upper cross rod through a hinge point disc, and a right side rod of the force measuring device is connected with the right upper cross rod through the hinge point disc.
6. The simple teaching experiment device for measuring the internal force of the structure as claimed in claim 3, wherein: still include oblique web member, oblique web member sets up between the montant of two symmetries through the hinge point dish.
7. The simple teaching experiment device for measuring the internal force of the structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the hydraulic sealing type glass tube, the guide tube and the hydraulic devices are two, the two hydraulic devices are respectively and symmetrically connected with the left side rod, and two ends of the guide tube are respectively connected with the hydraulic sealing type glass tube and the hydraulic devices.
8. The simple teaching experiment device for measuring the internal force of the structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the right end part of the left side rod is provided with a groove, the diameter of the groove is matched with a sleeve of the hydraulic device, and the sleeve is sleeved in the groove.
9. The simple teaching experiment device for measuring the internal force of the structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the right side pole is provided with a right side pole, the push rod is connected with the right side pole, the width of the right side pole is matched with the right side pole, and the two ends of the right side pole are inserted into the right side pole.
CN201920407641.7U 2019-03-28 2019-03-28 Simple teaching experiment device for measuring internal force of structure Expired - Fee Related CN210155944U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109920310A (en) * 2019-03-28 2019-06-21 南宁职业技术学院 A kind of the simple teaching experimental provision and its measurement method of measurement structure internal force

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109920310A (en) * 2019-03-28 2019-06-21 南宁职业技术学院 A kind of the simple teaching experimental provision and its measurement method of measurement structure internal force
CN109920310B (en) * 2019-03-28 2024-01-26 南宁职业技术学院 Simple teaching experiment device for measuring internal force of structure and measuring method thereof

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