CN210131874U - Tritium contaminated object surface hot blowing decontamination device - Google Patents
Tritium contaminated object surface hot blowing decontamination device Download PDFInfo
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- CN210131874U CN210131874U CN201920644768.0U CN201920644768U CN210131874U CN 210131874 U CN210131874 U CN 210131874U CN 201920644768 U CN201920644768 U CN 201920644768U CN 210131874 U CN210131874 U CN 210131874U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a tritium pollutes article surface heat and sweeps decontamination plant. The device comprises a decontamination unit and a measurement unit. The device utilizes thermal desorption to combine high-speed gas carrier band to sweep the exchange, through heating the gas that contains certain hydrogen volume or steam, high-speed sweep and heating desorption realization tritium desorption behind the air knife compression heating gas for tritium contaminated article reaches the requirement of multiplexing again, have safety, high efficiency, decontamination factor height, no secondary pollution's advantage, can realize tritium contaminated article surface micro-damage, satisfy the multiplexing requirement after tritium contaminated article surface decontamination, extensively be applicable to the surface decontamination of tritium contaminated articles such as metal, cable and glass. The utility model discloses a decontamination flow can be simplified to tritium contaminated article surface heat sweeps decontamination plant, and the airtight automation of device, tail gas discharge to reach standard has avoided staff direct contact tritium to arouse the adverse effect of occupational health harm.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to radioactive contamination decontamination field, concretely relates to tritium pollutes article surface heat and sweeps decontamination plant.
Background
International progress in the fusion program will involve the handling of kilogram tritium, a common problem in all methods of tritium production, purification, transport/transfer and measurement: a chemical reaction between tritium and a material. Actual runs showed that approximately 1.0% of the tritium was absorbed by the device. Researches show that the tritium continuously contacts the surfaces of the structural materials, so that the tritium pollution on the surfaces can be caused, decontamination treatment needs to be carried out as soon as possible, otherwise, the tritium can quickly diffuse in the crystal lattice gaps of the solid materials to cause deep pollution of the materials, and in addition, the structural materials can be damaged in performance, so that the structural performance is influenced, cross pollution of other parts is caused, and continuous radiation irradiation is caused to working personnel. Tokomak operating experience shows that one of the main tasks of wall decontamination is to control the amount of tritium retention in the wall material. It is seen that these facilities are exposed to a significant amount of radioactive decontamination both during operation and in future decommissions. Surface tritium plays a crucial role in the overall absorption and penetration of the material. In the absorption of tritium on the surface of an object, because the inner surface and the outer surface of a tritium treatment facility are exposed in air and moisture, a large amount of water molecules can not be absorbed on the surfaces of various objects, water layers are ubiquitous in structural materials, tritium is used as isotope hydrogen, and tritiated water (HTO) is formed by replacing protons of water absorbed on the surfaces of the objects and is absorbed on the surfaces and near the surface layers of the objects. Decontamination of tritium therefore tends to target surface and near-surface adsorption of tritium. Considering secondary pollution and waste minimization, tritium decontamination is preferably performed by dry decontamination, and gas carrier exchange and thermal desorption are the most effective methods. However, the currently reported gas heating carrier band decontamination is to heat atmospheric gas and pump the back end of the gas to realize gas flow, and the mode has weak hot gas flow acting force and quick heat loss when decontaminating the metal surface, and weak thermal desorption and physical desorption.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that a tritium pollutes article surface heat sweeps decontamination plant is provided.
The utility model discloses a tritium pollutes article surface heat and sweeps decontamination plant, its characteristics are: the device comprises a decontamination unit and a measurement unit, wherein the decontamination unit comprises a gas distribution system, a valve I, a gas heating system, a valve II, an air knife, a valve III, a gas cooling system, a valve IV, an air pump and a valve V which are sequentially connected through pipelines; the measuring unit comprises a surface pollution measuring device and a tail gas measuring device, the surface pollution measuring device measures the pollution intensity of the surfaces of tritium polluted objects before and after purging, and the tail gas measuring device measures the tail gas flowing out of the gas cooling system.
The gas heating system comprises a heating device and a temperature sensor I, wherein the heating device heats gas input from the gas distribution system, and the temperature sensor I measures the temperature of the gas.
An inner cavity of the air knife is arranged in the air knife, a temperature sensor II is arranged outside the air knife, air heated by the air heating system is compressed by the inner cavity of the air knife and then blown out, and the temperature sensor II measures the temperature of the air at the outlet of the air knife.
The measurement detection limit of the surface pollution measurement device is 0.2Bq/cm2。
The tail gas measuring device is an ionization chamber, and the measurement detection limit of the ionization chamber is 2 multiplied by 105Bq/m3。
The working pressure range of the inner cavity of the air knife is 0.3MPa-0.6 MPa.
The utility model discloses a tritium pollutes article surface heat and sweeps decontamination plant's working process as follows:
a. surface contamination measurement of tritium contaminated articles
Measuring the pollution intensity of the surface of the tritium-polluted object before purging by using a surface pollution measuring device;
b. gas heating
Introducing gas prepared by a gas distribution system into a heating device of a gas heating system for heating, measuring the temperature of the gas by a temperature sensor I, and introducing the gas into an air knife through a pipeline after the gas is heated to the required temperature;
c. air knife sweeping decontamination
And (3) compressing the gas in the inner cavity of the air knife, blowing the compressed gas onto the surface of the tritium polluted object to be decontaminated, measuring the temperature of the gas at the outlet of the air knife by using a temperature sensor II, and stopping blowing until the preset decontamination strength is reached.
d. Measuring
The surface pollution measuring device measures the pollution intensity of the surface of the tritium-polluted object after the purging, the purging is finished after the preset decontamination efficiency is achieved, and the tail gas measuring device is started to measure the tail gas flowing out of the gas cooling system; c, repeating the step c until the preset decontamination efficiency is reached, and then starting a tail gas measuring device to measure tail gas flowing out of the gas cooling system;
e. evaluation of stain removal efficiency
And (3) measuring the pollution intensity of the surface of the tritium-polluted object before and after purging by using a surface pollution measuring device to evaluate the decontamination efficiency of the tritium-polluted object surface hot purging decontamination device.
The utility model discloses a tritium pollutes thing surface heat and sweeps decontamination plant's principle is that thermal desorption combines the exchange of high-speed gas carrier band, contains the gas of certain hydrogen volume or steam through heating, sweeps at a high speed behind air knife compression heating gas and heats the desorption that the desorption realized the tritium for tritium pollutes the thing and reaches the requirement of multiplexing again.
The air knife in the tritium contaminated object surface hot-purging decontamination device can realize the gas compression ratio of 40:1, gas is compressed and blown out at high speed in a gas curtain mode, the gas purging desorption force is strong, the heat exchange loss is less, and the device has the advantage that the conventional gas purging is incomparable.
The utility model discloses a tritium pollutes article surface heat and sweeps decontamination plant has safety, high efficiency, decontamination factor height, no secondary pollution's advantage, can realize tritium pollution article surface micro-damage, satisfies the multiplexing requirement after tritium pollutes article surface decontamination. Particularly, the method can clean oxides, oil stains and attachments on the surface of the tritium-polluted object, and the temperature rise of the surface of the tritium-polluted object is not high in the cleaning process, so that the tritium-polluted object is not damaged, and the method is widely suitable for surface decontamination of the tritium-polluted objects of metal, cables and glass. The utility model discloses a decontamination flow can be simplified to tritium contaminated article surface heat sweeps decontamination plant, and the airtight automation of device, tail gas discharge to reach standard has avoided staff direct contact tritium to arouse the adverse effect of occupational health harm.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a surface heat-purging decontamination device for tritium-contaminated articles of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples.
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.
Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.
As shown in fig. 1, the surface hot-purging decontamination device for tritium contaminated articles of the present invention comprises a decontamination unit and a measurement unit, wherein the decontamination unit comprises a gas distribution system, a valve i, a gas heating system, a valve ii, an air knife, a valve iii, a gas cooling system, a valve iv, an air pump and a valve v which are sequentially connected through a pipeline; the measuring unit comprises a surface pollution measuring device and a tail gas measuring device, the surface pollution measuring device measures the pollution intensity of the surfaces of tritium polluted objects before and after purging, and the tail gas measuring device measures the tail gas flowing out of the gas cooling system.
The gas heating system comprises a heating device and a temperature sensor I, wherein the heating device heats gas input from the gas distribution system, and the temperature sensor I measures the temperature of the gas.
An inner cavity of the air knife is arranged in the air knife, a temperature sensor II is arranged outside the air knife, air heated by the air heating system is compressed by the inner cavity of the air knife and then blown out, and the temperature sensor II measures the temperature of the air at the outlet of the air knife.
The measurement detection limit of the surface pollution measurement device is 0.2Bq/cm2。
The tail gas measuring device is an ionization chamber, and the measurement detection limit of the ionization chamber is 2 multiplied by 105Bq/m3。
The working pressure range of the inner cavity of the air knife is 0.3MPa-0.6 MPa.
Example 1
The tritium contaminated article of this example had a surface contamination level of 650.8 Bq/cm2The surface contamination measuring device is a tritium surface contamination measuring instrument.
The 304 stainless steel sheet is placed at a gas outlet of the air knife, a gas distribution system is provided with hydrogen and argon mixed gas containing 1.0 percent of hydrogen, a heating device of a gas heating system heats the hydrogen and argon mixed gas, the temperature of the hydrogen and argon mixed gas is measured through a temperature sensor I, and the temperature of the hydrogen and argon mixed gas is 203.5 ℃. And introducing the hydrogen-argon mixed gas into the air knife through a pipeline, compressing the hydrogen-argon mixed gas by the air knife, blowing the compressed hydrogen-argon mixed gas onto the surface of the 304 stainless steel sheet at a certain flow rate, and measuring the outlet temperature of the hydrogen-argon mixed gas by the temperature sensor II at 180.0 ℃. The surface pollution of the 304 stainless steel sheet is measured after blowing for 2.0min, and the surface pollution level is 10.8Bq/cm2And the multiplexing requirements of a control area and a supervision area are met. Opening valve V, cooling tail gas of hydrogen-argon mixed gas to room temperature by gas cooling system, and measuring tail gas strength concentration in ionization chamber to be 2.0 × 105Bq/m3And opening an exhaust valve to exhaust the tail gas after the tail gas reaches the standard.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes without creative labor from the above conception, and all the changes fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a tritium pollutes thing surface heat and sweeps decontamination plant which characterized in that: the device comprises a decontamination unit and a measurement unit, wherein the decontamination unit comprises a gas distribution system, a valve I, a gas heating system, a valve II, an air knife, a valve III, a gas cooling system, a valve IV, an air pump and a valve V which are sequentially connected through pipelines; the measuring unit comprises a surface pollution measuring device and a tail gas measuring device, the surface pollution measuring device measures the pollution intensity of the surfaces of tritium polluted objects before and after purging, and the tail gas measuring device measures the tail gas flowing out of the gas cooling system.
2. A tritium contaminated object surface hot-purging decontamination device according to claim 1, wherein the gas heating system comprises a heating device and a temperature sensor I, the heating device heats gas input from the gas distribution system, and the temperature sensor I measures the temperature of the gas.
3. A tritium contaminated object surface hot-purging decontamination device according to claim 1, wherein an air knife inner cavity is arranged inside the air knife, a temperature sensor II is arranged outside the air knife, gas heated by the gas heating system is compressed by the air knife inner cavity and then blown out, and the temperature sensor II measures the gas temperature at the air knife outlet.
4. A tritium contaminated article surface thermal purging decontamination device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the measurement detection limit of the surface contamination measurement device is 0.2Bq/cm2。
5. A tritium contaminated article surface hot-purging decontamination device according to claim 1, wherein the tail gas measurement device is an ionization chamber, and the measurement detection limit of the ionization chamber is 2 x 105Bq/m3。
6. A tritium contaminated article surface hot-purging decontamination device according to claim 3, wherein the working pressure range of the air knife inner cavity is 0.3MPa-0.6 MPa.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920644768.0U CN210131874U (en) | 2019-05-05 | 2019-05-05 | Tritium contaminated object surface hot blowing decontamination device |
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| CN201920644768.0U CN210131874U (en) | 2019-05-05 | 2019-05-05 | Tritium contaminated object surface hot blowing decontamination device |
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| CN210131874U true CN210131874U (en) | 2020-03-10 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109967449A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-07-05 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | A kind of tritium pollution object surface heat purging decontamination plant and decontamination method |
| CN111879793A (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2020-11-03 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Tritium gas adsorption performance experimental device and method thereof |
-
2019
- 2019-05-05 CN CN201920644768.0U patent/CN210131874U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109967449A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-07-05 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | A kind of tritium pollution object surface heat purging decontamination plant and decontamination method |
| CN111879793A (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2020-11-03 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Tritium gas adsorption performance experimental device and method thereof |
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