CN210126548U - Steering column, steering system and forklift - Google Patents

Abstract

An embodiment of the utility model provides a steering column, a steering system and fork truck, wherein, steering column includes: the device comprises an upper pipe column, a lower pipe column, a universal joint and a manual limiting structure, wherein the universal joint and the manual limiting structure are arranged between the upper pipe column and the lower pipe column; wherein, the first end that the top tube post is close to the lower tubular column is connected with the universal joint, and connects the first end that the lower tubular column is close to the top tube post through the universal joint, with lower tubular column rotatable coupling. The utility model discloses an in the embodiment, but avoided among the steering system with the steering column rotation of lower tube leg connection's steering gear to follow through the universal joint and lead to appearing not hard up risk, but enlarged whole steering column's angle regulation's scope and improve the travelling comfort of vehicle, adopt manual limit structure to reduce the structure of air spring and accessory simultaneously, make whole steering column simple structure compact, it is more convenient when the installation, manufacturing cost has been reduced simultaneously, be favorable to improving steering column's suitability and commonality.

Description

Steering column, steering system and forklift

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an engineering machine tool technical field, in particular to steering column, a steering system and fork truck.

Background

In the prior art, a steering column is generally integrated or combined, when the existing integrated steering column has a small adjustable angle and poor convenience, and can drive a steering gear and a steering pipeline to act when being adjusted, so that the steering gear and the like have a loosening risk; and combination formula steering column adopts sectional structure and adopts the air spring structure to carry out helping hand and spacing, though enlarged angle regulation's scope, but the complicated installation of structure is inconvenient, and has increased manufacturing cost, is unfavorable for on a large scale use, consequently, needs a simple structure and angle regulation's steering column that the scope is big urgently.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The embodiment of the utility model provides a technical purpose that will reach provides a steering column, a steering system and fork truck for solve the problem that the complicated installation that leads to of the steering system existence steering angle scope is less, the lower problem of reliability or structure complicacy on engineering machine tools such as current fork truck.

In order to solve the technical problem, an embodiment of the utility model provides a steering column, include:

the device comprises an upper pipe column, a lower pipe column, a universal joint and a manual limiting structure, wherein the universal joint and the manual limiting structure are arranged between the upper pipe column and the lower pipe column;

wherein, the first end that the top tube post is close to the lower tubular column is connected with the universal joint, and connects the first end that the lower tubular column is close to the top tube post through the universal joint, with lower tubular column rotatable coupling.

Preferably, as described above, the manual limiting structure includes:

the first connecting piece is fixedly connected with the first end of the upper pipe column, and an arc-shaped hole is formed in the first connecting piece;

the second connecting piece is fixedly connected with the first end of the lower pipe column, and a mounting hole which corresponds to the arc-shaped hole is formed in the second connecting piece;

the rotating shaft penetrates through the arc-shaped hole and the mounting hole;

and a locking bush provided on the rotating shaft.

Specifically, as the steering column described above, the first connecting member includes: the fixing plate is sleeved on the upper pipe column and is perpendicular to the axial direction of the upper pipe column, and the two first connecting plates are arranged in parallel with the axial direction of the upper pipe column and are symmetrically arranged relative to the upper pipe column;

the fixed plate is fixedly connected with the upper pipe column and the first connecting plate;

the second connector includes: the two second connecting plates are arranged in parallel with the axial direction of the lower pipe column and fixedly connected with the lower pipe column, and the two second connecting plates are arranged between the two first connecting plates.

Preferably, the steering column as described above, the locking bush comprises: the baffle is fixedly connected with the first end of the rotating shaft;

the bushing handle is fixedly connected with the second end of the rotating shaft;

the bushing sleeve and the bushing seat are arranged between the baffle and the bushing handle, and the bushing seat is in surface contact with the bushing handle;

wherein, a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate are respectively arranged between the lining sleeve and the baffle plate and between the lining sleeve and the lining sleeve seat.

Specifically, as described above, the bushing handle includes: the handle part and the bush part are fixedly connected with one end of the handle part;

the first end surface of the bushing part facing the bushing seat is provided with at least one first protrusion;

at least one second protrusion is arranged on a second end face, facing the bushing part, of the bushing seat, and the second protrusion is arranged corresponding to the first protrusion;

the second protrusion comprises at least three table faces, wherein the first table face is parallel to the second end face, the distance between the first table face and the second end face is a first preset distance, the second table face adjacent to the first table face is parallel to the second end face, the distance between the second table face and the second end face is a second preset distance, the second preset distance is smaller than the first preset distance, and a third table face arranged on one side of the second table face, far away from the first table face, is formed into a transition face for connecting the second table face and the second end face;

and a groove for accommodating the first protrusion is formed between the third mesa on one second protrusion and the first mesa on the other adjacent second protrusion.

Further, in the steering column as described above, the shape of the cross section of the mounting hole is a combined pattern including: the device comprises a rectangle and two arcs symmetrically arranged around the rectangle;

the bushing seat includes: the connecting portion is connected with the lining portion in a contact mode, the inserting portion is inserted into the mounting hole, the shape of the section, perpendicular to the axial direction of the lining seat, of the inserting portion is similar to the shape of the section of the mounting hole, and the inserting portion is inserted into the mounting hole and connected with the second connecting piece in a matched mode.

Preferably, the steering column further comprises a return spring, one end of the return spring is connected with the first connecting piece, and the other end of the return spring is connected with the second connecting piece.

Specifically, as for the steering column, at least one rib plate is further arranged between the fixing plate and the upper column, and the rib plate is respectively and fixedly connected with the upper column and the fixing plate.

Another preferred embodiment of the present invention further provides a steering system, including: steering wheel, steering gear and steering column as above, wherein, the last tubular column in the steering column is connected with steering wheel fixed connection, and the lower tubular column in the steering column is connected with the steering gear.

The utility model discloses a still another preferred embodiment still provides a fork truck, including automobile body and above steering system, wherein, steering system passes through the lower tubular column and the automobile body fixed connection of steering gear and steering column.

Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the utility model provides a pair of steering column, a steering system and fork truck has following beneficial effect at least:

the utility model discloses an in the embodiment, through universal joint rotatable coupling between the first end of the upper tubular column of steering column and the first end of lower tubular column, because the setting of universal joint, on the one hand, make upper tubular column and lower tubular column separation, the lower tubular column can keep motionless when the upper tubular column rotates, the steering gear of being connected with lower tubular column in having avoided among the steering system follows the steering column and rotates and lead to appearing not hard up risk, on the other hand, make the adjustable angle's of whole steering column scope be greater than 20 degrees, but compare in the scope (10 degrees) of current integral steering column's adjustable angle, can satisfy the driver demand to the space when the upper vehicle, improve the travelling comfort of vehicle. Meanwhile, a manual limiting structure is further arranged between the upper pipe column and the lower pipe column, and due to the fact that the manual limiting structure adopts a full mechanical structure, compared with a combined steering pipe column, the structure of the air spring and accessories of the air spring is reduced, the whole steering pipe column is simple and compact in structure and convenient and fast to install, meanwhile, due to the fact that the expensive cost of the air spring and accessories of the air spring is reduced, the production cost of the whole steering pipe column is reduced, and the improvement of the applicability and the universality of the steering pipe column is facilitated.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the steering column of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a second schematic structural view of the steering column of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a locking bush of a steering column according to the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a bush handle of the steering column of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a bushing seat of a steering column according to the present invention.

[ description of reference ]

1. Putting a pipe column; 2. a pipe column is lowered, 3, and a manual limiting structure is adopted; 301. a first connecting member;

3011. a fixing plate; 3012. a first connecting plate; 302. a second connecting member;

3021. a second connecting plate; 303. a rotating shaft; 304. a locking bush; 3041. a baffle plate;

3042. a bushing handle; 30421. a handle portion; 30422. a bushing portion; 30423. a first protrusion;

3043. a bushing; 3044. a bushing seat; 30441. a second protrusion; 304411, a first table top;

304412, a second mesa; 304413, a third table top; 304414, a groove; 30442. a connecting portion;

30443. an insertion portion; 4. and a return spring.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention clearer, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. In the following description, specific details are provided, such as specific configurations and components, merely to facilitate a thorough understanding of embodiments of the invention. Thus, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. In addition, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions are omitted for clarity and conciseness.

It should be appreciated that reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

In various embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the sequence numbers of the following processes do not mean the execution sequence, and the execution sequence of the processes should be determined by the functions and the internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

It should be understood that the term "and/or" herein is merely one type of association relationship that describes an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.

In the embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that "B corresponding to a" means that B is associated with a from which B can be determined. It should also be understood that determining B from a does not mean determining B from a alone, but may be determined from a and/or other information.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a steering column including:

the device comprises an upper pipe column 1, a lower pipe column 2, a universal joint and a manual limiting structure 3, wherein the universal joint and the manual limiting structure are arranged between the upper pipe column 1 and the lower pipe column 2;

wherein, the first end that upper tubular column 1 is close to lower tubular column 2 is connected with the universal joint, and connects the first end that lower tubular column 2 is close to upper tubular column 1 through the universal joint, with lower tubular column 2 rotatable coupling.

The utility model discloses an in the embodiment, through universal joint rotatable coupling between the first end of upper tubular column 1 of steering column and lower tubular column 2's the first end, because the setting of universal joint, on the one hand, make upper tubular column 1 and lower tubular column 2 separation, lower tubular column 2 can remain motionless when upper tubular column 1 rotates, the steering gear of being connected with lower tubular column 2 in having avoided among the steering system follows the steering column and rotates and lead to appearing not hard up risk, on the other hand, make the adjustable angle's of whole steering column scope be greater than 20 degrees, but compare in the scope 10 degrees of current integral steering column's adjustable angle, can satisfy the driver's demand to the space when the upper vehicle, improve the travelling comfort of vehicle. Meanwhile, a manual limiting structure 3 is further arranged between the upper pipe column 1 and the lower pipe column 2, and the manual limiting structure 3 is of a full mechanical structure, so that the structure of the air spring and accessories of the air spring is reduced compared with that of a combined steering pipe column, the whole steering pipe column is simple and compact in structure and convenient and fast to install, and meanwhile, the production cost of the whole steering pipe column is reduced due to the fact that the expensive cost of the air spring and accessories of the air spring is reduced, and the improvement of the applicability and the universality of the steering pipe column is facilitated.

Referring to fig. 1, preferably, the steering column as described above, the manual stopper structure 3 includes:

the first connecting piece 301 is fixedly connected with the first end of the upper pipe column 1, and an arc-shaped hole is formed in the first connecting piece 301;

the second connecting piece 302 is fixedly connected with the first end of the lower pipe column 2, and the second connecting piece 302 is provided with a mounting hole which is arranged corresponding to the arc-shaped hole;

a rotating shaft 303 penetrating the arc-shaped hole and the mounting hole;

and a locking bush 304 provided on the rotating shaft 303.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the manual position-limiting structure 3 includes: with last tubular column 1 fixed connection and be provided with first connecting piece 301 of arc hole, and with lower tubular column 2 fixed connection and be provided with the second connecting piece 302 of mounting hole, wherein arc hole and mounting hole are worn to establish by pivot 303, make to go up tubular column 1 when receiving external force and promote, pivot 303 slides for the arc hole, the realization of upper tubular column 1 ability for lower tubular column 2 pivoted function has been guaranteed, set up locking bush 304 in pivot 303 simultaneously when need not rotating upper tubular column 1, press from both sides first connecting piece 301 and second connecting piece 302 tightly, lock upper tubular column 1 and lower tubular column 2 through the frictional force between first connecting piece 301 and the second connecting piece 302, guarantee that whole steering column realizes normal steering function.

Referring to fig. 1, in particular, the steering column as described above, the first connection member 301 includes: a fixing plate 3011 sleeved on the upper tubular column 1 and perpendicular to the axial direction of the upper tubular column 1, and two first connecting plates 3012 arranged in parallel to the axial direction of the upper tubular column 1 and symmetrically arranged with respect to the upper tubular column 1;

wherein, the fixing plate 3011 is fixedly connected with the upper tubular column 1 and fixedly connected with the first connecting plate 3012;

the second connector 302 includes: two second connecting plates 3021 arranged in parallel with the axial direction of the lower pipe column 2, the second connecting plates 3021 are fixedly connected with the lower pipe column 2, and the two second connecting plates 3021 are arranged between the two first connecting plates 3012.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the first connecting member 301 includes: a fixing plate 3011 and two first connecting plates 3012, the second connecting member 302 includes: two second connecting plates 3021, and link second connecting plate 3021 and set up between two first connecting plates 3012, when locking last tubular column 1 and tubular column 2 down, each first connecting plate 3012 presss from both sides tightly with a second connecting plate 3021, make and obtain double frictional force, and then be favorable to guaranteeing the reliability of locking, set up two first connecting plates 3012 about the axial symmetry of last tubular column 1 and two second connecting plates 3021 about the axial symmetry of tubular column 2 down simultaneously, be favorable to guaranteeing manual limit structure 3's structural strength, avoid under the condition that only one first connecting plate 3012 and second connecting plate 3021, the last tubular column 1 axial that leads to greatly produces the skew because of using strength during the use, and then influence user's normal operating.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, preferably, the locking bushing 304 comprises, as described above: a baffle 3041 fixedly connected to a first end of the rotating shaft 303;

a bush handle 3042 fixedly connected to a second end of the rotating shaft 303;

a bushing 3043 and a bushing seat 3044 disposed between the baffle 3041 and the bushing handle 3042, the bushing seat 3044 being in surface contact with the bushing handle 3042;

a first connecting plate 3012 and a second connecting plate 3021 are respectively disposed between the bushing 3043 and the baffle 3041 and between the bushing 3043 and the bushing seat 3044.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the locking bush 304 includes: a baffle 3041, a bushing seat 3044, a bushing 3043 and a bushing handle 3042, wherein, a first connecting plate 3012 and a second connecting plate 3021 are respectively arranged between the baffle 3041 and the bushing 3043 and between the bushing 3043 and the bushing seat 3044, when the bush handle 3042 presses the bush housing 3044 by coming into surface contact with the bush housing 3044, ensures that the extrusion force is transmitted to the baffle 3041 through the bushing seat 3044, the first connecting plate 3012, the second connecting plate 3021, the bushing 3043, the second connecting plate 3021 and the first connecting plate 3012 in turn, the first connecting plate 3012 and the second connecting plate 3021, which are disposed between the baffle 3041 and the bushing 3043, are clamped under the compression of the baffle 3041 and the bushing 3043 to generate friction force, and the first connecting plate 3012 and the second connecting plate 3021, which are disposed between the bushing 3043 and the bushing seat 3044, are clamped under the pressure between the bushing seat 3044 and the bushing 3043 to generate friction force, thereby ensuring the effectiveness of the locking bushing 304.

Referring to fig. 3 to 5, in particular, the liner handle 3042 includes, as described above: a handle portion 30421 and a bush portion 30422 fixedly connected to one end of the handle portion 30421;

a first end surface of the bushing portion 30422 facing the bushing seat 3044 is provided with at least a first protrusion 30423;

at least one second protrusion 30441 is disposed on a second end surface of the bushing seat 3044 facing the bushing portion 30422, and the second protrusion 30441 is disposed corresponding to the first protrusion 30423;

the second protrusion 30441 includes at least three mesas, wherein the first mesa 304411 is parallel to the second end face and has a first predetermined distance from the second end face, the second mesa 304412 adjacent to the first mesa 304411 is parallel to the second end face and has a second predetermined distance from the second end face, the second predetermined distance is smaller than the first predetermined distance, and a third mesa 304413 disposed on a side of the second mesa 304412 away from the first mesa 304411 is formed as a transition surface connecting the second mesa 304412 and the second end face;

a groove 304414 for receiving the first protrusion 30423 is formed between the third land 304413 on one second protrusion 30441 and the first land 304411 on the adjacent other second protrusion 30441.

In the embodiment of the present invention, at least one first protrusion 30423 is disposed on a first end surface of the bushing portion 30422 of the bushing handle 3042 facing the bushing seat 3044, and a second end surface of the bushing portion 30422 of the bushing seat 3044 facing the bushing handle 3042 is provided with a second protrusion 30441 corresponding to the first protrusion 30423, and each second protrusion 30441 includes only three table surfaces, wherein a groove 304414 for accommodating the first protrusion 30423 is formed between the third table surface 304413 and the adjacent first table surface 304411, when the upper tubular column 1 needs to rotate, the first protrusion 30423 is located in the groove 304414, so that a gap is formed between the first connecting plate 3012 and the second connecting plate 3021, which is convenient for the upper tubular column 1 to rotate relative to the lower tubular column 2, thereby improving the convenience of the user; when the upper pipe column 1 and the lower pipe column 2 need to be locked, a user can rotate the handle to drive the first protrusion 30423 to slide onto the second table top 304412 along the third table top 304413 formed as a transition surface, and press the first connecting plate 3012 and the second connecting plate 3021 tightly, so that the upper pipe column 1 and the lower pipe column 2 are locked, and meanwhile, the first table top 304411 higher than the second table top 304412 plays a limiting role to prevent the first protrusion 30423 from falling into the groove 304414 due to an excessively large rotation angle, which is beneficial to ensuring the reliability of locking.

In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the number of the first protrusions 30423 and the second protrusions 30441 is three, and the rotation angle of the handle is less than or equal to 120 degrees with respect to the circle center, which is beneficial to ensuring the convenience and comfort of the user. The technical personnel in this field also belong to the protection scope of the utility model to set up other quantity on the basis of considering space, user convenience and travelling comfort.

Referring to fig. 5, further, in the steering column as described above, the cross-section of the mounting hole has a shape of a combined figure including: the device comprises a rectangle and two arcs symmetrically arranged around the rectangle;

the bushing seat 3044 includes: the connecting portion 30442 is connected in contact with the bushing portion 30422, and the inserting portion 30443 is inserted into the mounting hole, the shape of the cross section of the inserting portion 30443 perpendicular to the axial direction of the bushing seat 3044 is similar to the shape of the cross section of the mounting hole, and the inserting portion 30443 is inserted into the mounting hole and is connected with the second connecting member 302 in a matching manner.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the shape of the cross section of the mounting hole and the shape of the cross section of the insertion portion 30443 of the bushing seat 3044 include: a rectangle and two arcs symmetrically arranged about the rectangle, so that after the inserting portion 30443 is inserted into the mounting hole, the bushing seat 3044 does not rotate relative to the mounting hole when the rotating shaft 303 rotates, thereby being beneficial to ensuring the stability of the locking bushing 304 during use, and avoiding the occurrence of the situation that the bushing seat 3044 cannot be locked due to the rotation of the rotating shaft 303. The shape of the cross section of the mounting hole is a shape surrounded by the hole wall of the mounting hole on the cross section.

Referring to fig. 2, the steering column, preferably as described above, further includes a return spring 4, where one end of the return spring 4 is connected to the first connecting member 301, and the other end is connected to the second connecting member 302.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a, steering column still includes return spring 4 for after the user pushes upper pipe column 1 open, provide the helping hand for upper pipe column 1's return, and then convenience and travelling comfort when improving the user and using.

Referring to fig. 1 or fig. 2, in the steering column described above, at least one rib is further disposed between the fixing plate 3011 and the upper column 1, and the rib is fixedly connected to the upper column 1 and the fixing plate 3011, respectively.

The utility model discloses an in the embodiment, still be provided with an at least floor between fixed plate 3011 and the upper tubular column 1, connect fixed plate 3011 and upper tubular column 1 respectively through the floor, be favorable to guaranteeing fixed plate 3011 and upper tubular column 1's joint strength.

Referring to fig. 1, another preferred embodiment of the present invention also provides a steering system, including: steering wheel, steering gear and as above steering column, wherein, the top tube column 1 among the steering column is connected with steering wheel fixed connection, and the lower tube column 2 among the steering column is connected with the steering gear.

The embodiment of the utility model provides an in still provide a steering system including above-mentioned steering column for steering system can satisfy the user demand to the space when getting on or off the bus, improve user's travelling comfort, and steering column divide into tubular column 1 and lower tubular column 2 simultaneously, and connect through universal joint and manual limit structure 3. Because the setting of universal joint, on the one hand, make upper tubular column 1 and lower tubular column 2 separation, lower tubular column 2 can keep motionless when upper tubular column 1 rotates, avoided in the steering system with lower tubular column 2 steering column connected's steering gear follow steering column rotate lead to appearing not hard up risk, on the other hand, make the adjustable angle's of whole steering column scope be greater than 20 degrees, but compare in the adjustable angle's of current integral steering column scope 10 degrees, can satisfy the driver to the demand in space when the last vehicle, improve the travelling comfort of vehicle. Meanwhile, a manual limiting structure 3 is further arranged between the upper pipe column 1 and the lower pipe column 2, and the manual limiting structure 3 is of a full mechanical structure, so that the structure of the air spring and accessories of the air spring is reduced compared with that of a combined steering pipe column, the whole steering pipe column is simple and compact in structure and convenient and fast to install, and meanwhile, the production cost of the whole steering pipe column is reduced due to the fact that the expensive cost of the air spring and accessories of the air spring is reduced, and the improvement of the applicability and the universality of the steering pipe column is facilitated.

The utility model discloses a still another preferred embodiment still provides a fork truck, including automobile body and above steering system, wherein, steering system passes through steering gear and steering column's lower tubular column 2 and automobile body fixed connection.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a fork truck has still provided, including the automobile body and as above turn to the device, outside guaranteeing that the user can rotate and travelling comfort such as turned angle and practicality to the steering column and the requirement of practicality, still reduced fork truck's manufacturing cost.

Alternatively, the steering system described above is applied to other working machines than a forklift, for example: excavator etc. also belongs to the utility model discloses a protection scope.

Furthermore, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed.

It is further noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion.

The foregoing is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of improvements and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A steering column, comprising:

the device comprises an upper pipe column (1), a lower pipe column (2), and a universal joint and a manual limiting structure (3) which are arranged between the upper pipe column (1) and the lower pipe column (2);

the upper pipe column (1) is close to the first end of the lower pipe column (2) and connected with the universal joint, and the lower pipe column (2) is close to the first end of the upper pipe column (1) and rotatably connected with the lower pipe column (2) through the universal joint.

2. Steering column according to claim 1, characterized in that the manual limiting structure (3) comprises:

the first connecting piece (301) is fixedly connected with the first end of the upper pipe column (1), and an arc-shaped hole is formed in the first connecting piece (301);

the second connecting piece (302) is fixedly connected with the first end of the lower pipe column (2), and a mounting hole which corresponds to the arc-shaped hole is formed in the second connecting piece (302);

a rotating shaft (303) penetrating through the arc-shaped hole and the mounting hole;

and a locking bush (304) provided on the rotary shaft (303).

3. The steering column according to claim 2, characterized in that the first connection member (301) comprises: the fixing plate (3011) is sleeved on the upper pipe column (1) and is perpendicular to the axial direction of the upper pipe column (1), and the two first connecting plates (3012) are arranged in parallel with the axial direction of the upper pipe column (1) and are symmetrically arranged relative to the upper pipe column (1);

wherein the fixing plate (3011) is fixedly connected with the upper pipe column (1) and is fixedly connected with the first connecting plate (3012);

the second connector (302) comprises: the connecting structure comprises two second connecting plates (3021) which are arranged in parallel with the axial direction of the lower pipe column (2), the second connecting plates (3021) are fixedly connected with the lower pipe column (2), and the two second connecting plates (3021) are arranged between the two first connecting plates (3012).

4. A steering column according to claim 3, wherein the locking bush (304) comprises: the baffle (3041) is fixedly connected with the first end of the rotating shaft (303);

a bushing handle (3042) fixedly connected with the second end of the rotating shaft (303);

a bushing sleeve (3043) and a bushing seat (3044) disposed between the baffle (3041) and the bushing handle (3042), the bushing seat (3044) in surface contact with the bushing handle (3042);

wherein, a first connecting plate (3012) and a second connecting plate (3021) are respectively arranged between the bushing pipe (3043) and the baffle (3041) and between the bushing pipe (3043) and the bushing seat (3044).

5. The steering column according to claim 4, characterized in that the bushing handle (3042) comprises: a handle portion (30421) and a bush portion (30422) fixedly connected to one end of the handle portion (30421);

the first end face, facing the bushing seat (3044), of the bushing portion (30422 is provided with at least one first protrusion (30423);

at least one second protrusion (30441) is arranged on a second end surface of the bushing seat (3044) facing the bushing portion (30422), and the second protrusion (30441) is arranged corresponding to the first protrusion (30423);

the second protrusion (30441) comprises at least three lands, wherein a first land (304411) is parallel to the second end face and has a first predetermined distance from the second end face, a second land (304412) adjacent to the first land (304411) is parallel to the second end face and has a second predetermined distance from the second end face, the second predetermined distance is smaller than the first predetermined distance, and a third land (304413) disposed on a side of the second land (304412) away from the first land (304411) is formed as a transition surface connecting the second land (304412) and the second end face;

a groove (304414) for accommodating the first protrusion (30423) is formed between the third mesa (304413) on one second protrusion (30441) and the first mesa (304411) on the adjacent other second protrusion (30441).

6. The steering column according to claim 5, wherein the cross-section of the mounting hole is shaped as a combined pattern comprising: the device comprises a rectangle and two arcs symmetrically arranged about the rectangle;

the bushing seat (3044) includes: the connecting portion (30442) is in contact connection with the bushing portion (30422), and the inserting portion (30443) is inserted in the mounting hole, the shape of the cross section of the inserting portion (30443) perpendicular to the axial direction of the bushing seat (3044) is similar to the shape of the cross section of the mounting hole, and the inserting portion (30443) is inserted in the mounting hole and is in fit connection with the second connecting piece (302).

7. A steering column according to claim 6, further comprising a return spring (4), said return spring (4) being connected at one end to said first connection member (301) and at the other end to said second connection member (302).

8. The steering column according to claim 3, wherein at least one rib is further arranged between the fixing plate (3011) and the upper column (1), and the rib is fixedly connected with the upper column (1) and the fixing plate (3011), respectively.

9. A steering system, comprising: steering wheel, steering gear and steering column according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein an upper column (1) of the steering column is fixedly connected to the steering wheel and a lower column (2) of the steering column is connected to the steering gear.

10. A forklift truck, characterized by comprising a vehicle body and a steering system according to claim 9, wherein the steering system is fixedly connected to the vehicle body via the steering gear and a lower column (2) of the steering column.

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