CN2101233U

CN2101233U - Soil coustituent measuring instrument

Info

Publication number: CN2101233U
Application number: CN 91216196
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈江辉
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1991-06-07
Filing date: 1991-06-07
Publication date: 1992-04-08

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of soil constituent testing, which adopts a colorimetry analyzing method, which is composed of a power supply, a photoelectric source, a color filter, a colorimetry component, a reading electricity meter, etc. A function selecting device is arranged in a shell, the colorimetry component is arranged in the middle part of a photocell component and the function selecting device, the reading electricity meter is arranged on the upper part of the shell, and the soil constituent testing instrument is formed. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and accurate data testing, etc. compared with the prior art, and the utility model is an advanced testing instrument for agriculture scientific research, production, scientific fertilization and soil improvement.

Description

Soil coustituent measuring instrument

The utility model belongs to soil content determination techniques field, is specifically related to a kind of soil content determining instrument.

The instrument of measured soil content has TY-3A type soil nutrient measuring instrument in the prior art, and the disadvantage of this measuring instrument is to cost an arm and a leg, and the scope of application is little, and general grain specialist is difficult for buying use, has brought inconvenience to this instrument of penetration and promotion.

The utility model has overcome the deficiencies in the prior art part and a kind of testing tool by quick-acting nitrogen (N), rapid available phosphorus (P), available potassium (K) content in colorimetric analysis method measured soil and the plant strain is provided, simple in structure, easy to use, and can direct reading analyzer.

The utility model is to realize like this, the soil content analyzer, by power supply, photoelectric source, color filter, the colorimetric parts, reading ammeter etc., it is characterized in that this analyzer adopts the colorimetric analysis method to carry out the mensuration of soil content, in the casing of analyzer function selector is housed, the middle part reading ammeter that the colorimetric parts are contained in photoelectric cell parts and function selector is contained in the top of casing, this instrument utilizes certain reagent and determined element to have an effect, generate coloured compound or suspension, the depth of its color or outstanding turbid degree difference, the monochromatic light of certain intensity, during by coloured solution (or suspension), then absorbed amount difference, thus determine the content of tested element.Test process, the light from light source sends sees through tested cell through the monochromatic light filter disc, since the solution concentration difference, the absorbed amount difference of light, and unabsorbed light impinges upon on the photoelectric cell, photoelectric cell produces corresponding electric signal, and the footpath is amplified and indicated reading by ammeter.

Function selector described in the utility model, by the colour filter frame, the filter glass sheet, compositions such as rotating shaft, base plate, spotlight, four filter glass sheets are housed on the colour filter frame, its specification is respectively 490,530,660,430 millimicrons of wavelength, and the colour filter frame is contained in the lower end of rotating shaft and base plate, and spot light lamp bulb is fixed on the base plate.Functional select switch is to make according to the composition of survey soil or plant, four light-filtering glass are housed on the colour filter frame, their specification is respectively 490,530,660,430 millimicrons of wavelength, is the measurement of corresponding ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N), nitrate nitrogen (N03-N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) respectively.During measurement, necessary position of assurance function selector switch revolution all makes corresponding light-filtering glass optical system for alignment, and measurement result can be accurate like this.

The new colorimetric shelf of this practicality is formulated with bakelite, and two long limits of framework respectively have light hole, and pull bar is contained on the colorimetric shelf, and two cells are contained in the colorimetric shelf.When measuring, should put two cells on the colorimetric shelf, cell a is equipped with the benchmark blank solution, cell b adorns liquid to be measured, when light passes through cell a, minimum because of the blank solution absorbing light, this is to adjust ammeter to regulate auxiliary switch, makes the meter pointer full scale, i.e. " O, PPM ", allow light pass through liquid cell to be measured then, deeply feel more because of color and show that soil content is high more, the light that detected solution sponges is also just many more, it is just few to arrive photronic light, at this moment meter pointer can only a certain angle of deflection, like this, just can directly read the content of soil.

Photoelectric cell described in the utility model is fixed on and is installed on the photoelectricity stall on the photoelectric cell frame made of plastic, photoelectric cell 56-A45 type selenium cell.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a soil content analyzer outside drawing.

Fig. 2 is the general assembly structural drawing of soil content analyzer.

Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of soil content analyzer.

Fig. 4 is the functional select switch wiring layout of soil content analyzer.

Fig. 5 is the photoelectric cell scheme of installation.

Fig. 6 is soil content analyzer design concept figure.

Label declaration:

1, housing, 2, digital electric meter, 3, the casing window, 4, colorimetric shelf, 5, ammeter are regulated auxiliary switch, and 6, power supply, 7, photoelectric cell, 8, photoelectric cell fixed mount, 9, spot light lamp bulb, 10, cell, 11, pull bar, 12, function selector, 13, the colour filter frame, 14, filter glass sheet, 15, rotating shaft, 16, base plate, 17, ammeter by-pass cock, 18, functional select switch.

With reference to the accompanying drawings this example is done further detailed description, the soil content analyzer, form by power supply, photoelectric source, color filter, colorimetric parts, reading ammeter etc., function selector (12), colorimetric parts (4), (10), (11) are housed in the casing (1) are contained in the middle part of photoelectric cell parts (7), (8) and function selector (12), reading ammeter (2) is contained in the top of casing (1).During measurement, at first to calibrate, existing with ammoniacal nitrogen calibration and measuring method details are as follows: when measuring a certain fertilizer, calibration should be adopted same developer, and promptly nitrate nitrogen is with acetic acid or the colour developing of nitric acid examination powder, and phosphorus shows turbid with molybdenum blue colour developing, potassium with tetraphenylboron sodium.The effect of developer is with the treated soil liquid (water white transparency), adds a certain amount of corresponding developer (as ammoniacal nitrogen Na Shi reagent colour development), through chemical reaction, make the soil liquid with the difference of soil content shade also different.

One, ammoniacal nitrogen (NH4-N) calibration

(1) preparation of developer: coloration method adopts the nessler reagent colorimetric, and its prescription is: (a) 10 gram mercuric iodixdes (Hg12) and 7 gram potassium iodides (K1) are dissolved in the low amounts of water.(b) 16 gram NaOH are dissolved in 50 ml waters, after the cooling (a) are slowly poured in (b) solution, and the limit edged stirs, and is diluted with water to 100 milliliters at last, and standing over night is got the clear liquid lucifuge and deposited.

(2) preparation of standard solution: sal-ammoniac 1.910 grams of getting dried, be dissolved in the distilled water, add 1 milliliter of chloroform, adding distil water to 1000 milliliter, being 500(PPM is concentration ratio) chlorine attitude nitrogen solution, from 500PPM ammonia attitude solution, get 0,2,4,8,12,16,20 milliliter respectively again, respectively place 500 milliliters of triangular flasks, adding distil water to 500 milliliter, this moment their concentration ratio be 0,2,4,8,12,16, the 20PPM titer, the nessler reagent that then adds 1 milliliter in each standard jar respectively makes its colour developing standby.

(3) drafting of typical curve: at first this instrument is set level, function is selected switch (18) earlier and is placed " NH4 " position, " O " PPM standard solution is added in the cell (10), optical system for alignment, adjust ammeter and regulate auxiliary switch (5) full scale, the standard solution that has prepared is added in another cell one by one, will pour out a preceding solution at every turn, clean up.Read the lattice number (in order to guarantee the accuracy of data, standard solution of every survey is all used blank solution and proofreaied and correct the ammeter full scale) of each standard solution pairing meter pointer deflection when measuring.On semilogarithmic paper, be ordinate with ammeter lattice number, the NH4G-N concentration of standard solution is found out the point of the corresponding ammeter lattice number of titer PPM institute than for abscissa (PPM of unit), and the connection each point plots typical curve.Use typical curve again, reading ammeter (2) is calibrated, draw the NH4-N scale, unit is PPM, the top lattice that line is an ammeter of ammeter, below a line be the ammoniacal nitrogen scale that plots according to the typical curve on the semilogarithmic paper.The scale method for drafting of nitrate nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is identical with ammoniacal nitrogen.After ammeter panel scale all plots, do not wipe, can make tintmeter and use.

(2) measurement of ammoniacal nitrogen:

＜1〉processing of soil sample (1) takes by weighing bright pedotheque net weight 10 grams (removing moisture in the soil with oven drying method) and places 100 milliliters triangular flask.(2) draw filtrate 5-10 milliliter in 25 milliliters measuring bottle, thin up to 20 milliliter adds 1 milliliter of 25% sodium tartrate again, leaves standstill 5 fens kinds after fully shaking.(3) add 5 1% Arabic gums, add 1 milliliter after shaking and receive formula reagent, the limit edged shakes, then adding distil water to 25 milliliter.At this moment solution colour developing can be surveyed the content of ammoniacal nitrogen in 5 minutes.

(2) ammonia nitrogen content of measuring samples: at first, the functional select switch (18) of this instrument is rotated to " NH4 " position, ammeter by-pass cock (17) is threaded to " 1 " by " 0 ", adjusts ammeter and regulates auxiliary switch (5), makes the meter pointer full scale.Draw sample solution with suction pipe, add in some cells (10), another cell (10) adding distil water.Energized (6), ammeter by-pass cock (17) is threaded to the position of " 2 " by " 1 ", cell (10) optical system for alignment with blank solution, pull bar pulling colorimetric shelf (4), make cell (10) optical system for alignment of sample liquid, photoelectric cell (7) is started working by photoelectric cell fixed mount (8), and at this moment the reading of ammeter (2) is the PPm numerical value of institute's test sample product.

The advantages such as the utility model compared with prior art has simple in structure, and easy to use, direct reading is measured accurately, and is cheap are for agri-scientific research, production, fertilising and improvement soil provide a kind of new tester.

Claims

1, a kind of soil content analyzer, comprise by power supply, photoelectric source, color filter, colorimetric parts, reading ammeter etc., it is characterized in that the soil content analyzer adopts the colorimetric analysis method to carry out the mensuration of nutrient content in soil and the plant strain, function selector (12), colorimetric parts (4), (10), (11) are housed in the casing of analyzer (1) are contained in the middle part of photoelectric cell parts (7), (8) and function selector (12), reading ammeter (2) is contained in the top of casing (1)

2, analyzer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that function selector (12), form by colour filter frame (13), filter glass sheet (14), rotating shaft (15), base plate (16), spot light lamp bulb (9), four filter glass sheets (14) are housed on the colour filter frame (13), its specification is respectively 490,530,660,430 millimicrons of wavelength, and colour filter frame (13) is contained on rotating shaft (15) and the base plate (16).

3, analyzer according to claim 1 is characterized in that colorimetric shelf (4) makes with bakelite, and the both sides of framework respectively have light hole, pull bar is contained on the colorimetric shelf (4), and two cells (10) are contained in the colorimetric shelf (4).

4, analyzer according to claim 1 is characterized in that photoelectric cell (7) is installed on the photoelectric cell fixed mount (8) made of plastic.