CN210120501U - Motor control circuit with brake discharge function - Google Patents
Motor control circuit with brake discharge function Download PDFInfo
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- CN210120501U CN210120501U CN201921000141.8U CN201921000141U CN210120501U CN 210120501 U CN210120501 U CN 210120501U CN 201921000141 U CN201921000141 U CN 201921000141U CN 210120501 U CN210120501 U CN 210120501U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a motor control circuit with brake discharge function, belonging to the technical field of motor control and solving the discharge problem of motor brake and energy storage devices after food processing or abnormal operation stop of a food processor; the power supply device comprises a power supply input port, a rectifier, a full-bridge driver, an MCU, a motor, a switching power supply, a brake assembly and a discharge assembly. The brake component of the utility model communicates the output end of the full-bridge driver and the input end of the motor power supply when the motor works normally, so that the full-bridge driver supplies power to the motor; when the motor works abnormally or needs to stop, the output end of the full-bridge driver and the power input end of the motor are disconnected, and the power supply of the motor is cut off; the utility model discloses a discharge assembly for when motor work is unusual or need the motor to stop, be connected with the energy storage device in the rectifier and form the return circuit that discharges, release the energy in the energy storage device.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the electric machine control technique and specifically relates to a motor control circuit with brake discharge function.
Background
The existing novel middle-high end food processor driven by a brushless or reluctance motor sends an instruction to start an electromagnetic brake or short-circuit UVW to play a role in braking and stopping protection after food processing or abnormal operation stopping, and then the stored energy of energy storage components (more than 30 uF) with large-capacity capacitors in the product drive plates can be reserved in the components for a long time to slowly self-attenuate and discharge or simply discharge by means of a motor UVW coil.
At present, the conventional braking method comprises electromagnetic braking and short-circuit brushless motor UVW three-phase loop; the electromagnetic brake is installed at main driving motor tail end, and is with high costs, and is bulky, increases motor height and product height, short circuit brushless motor UVW three-phase return circuit, utilizes motor generating current to provide reverse braking moment of torsion, though with low costs, short circuit UVW three-phase stationary knife electric current is strikeed greatly, influences relay, IGBT, or IPM module components and parts life-span, and the reliability is poor.
Moreover, in the current food processor products, the energy of the energy storage components is generally discharged slowly and automatically for a long time, so that the risk of accidental injury to users is high; or discharge by means of a motor UVW coil phase resistor, the time is also uncontrollable, and the risk of accidentally injuring a user is high.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a motor control circuit with brake discharge function, which solves the discharge problem of motor brake and energy storage device after food processor finishes food processing or abnormal operation stops.
The purpose of the utility model is mainly realized through the following technical scheme:
a motor control circuit with a brake discharge function comprises a power supply input port, a rectifier and a full-bridge driver which are connected in sequence, and is characterized by also comprising a brake component connected between the output end of the full-bridge driver and the power supply input end of a motor, wherein the brake component is used for communicating the output end of the full-bridge driver and the power supply input end of the motor to enable the full-bridge driver to drive the motor to rotate; or the output end of the full-bridge driver and the power supply input end of the motor are disconnected, the motor is stopped to be driven to rotate, and the residual energy of the full-bridge driver is absorbed.
Further, the brake assembly comprises a trigger unit, a brake unit and an absorption unit;
the trigger unit is connected with the brake unit and used for generating a trigger signal for triggering the brake unit to brake the motor; the absorption unit is connected with the brake unit and used for absorbing residual energy output by the full-bridge driver when the brake unit brakes the motor;
the brake unit comprises a brake switch unit, and an input port, a first output port and a second output port which are respectively connected with the brake switch unit; the input port is connected with the U, V, W three-phase output end of the full-bridge driver; the first output port is electrically connected with a three-phase input end of a motor power supply, and the second output port is connected with the absorption unit;
when the trigger unit outputs a trigger signal, the brake switch unit connects the input port with the second output port, and is used for outputting the three-phase driving power output by the full-bridge driver to the absorption unit; otherwise, the brake switch unit connects the input port with the first output port, and is used for outputting the three-phase driving power output by the full-bridge driver to the three-phase input end of the motor power supply.
Further, the brake switch unit comprises a U-phase switch subunit, a V-phase switch subunit and a W-phase switch subunit;
the U-phase switch subunit comprises resistors R101 and R111, a relay REL101, a diode D101 and a switch tube Q101;
the input end of the relay REL101 controlled switch is connected with a U-phase driving power supply, and the first output end of the controlled switch is connected with the U-phase input end of a motor power supply; the second output end of the controlled switch is connected with the absorption unit;
one end of the resistor R101 is connected with the trigger unit, the other end of the resistor R101 is connected with one end of a control coil of the relay REL101, and the other end of the control coil of the relay REL101 is connected with a collector of a switch tube Q101; the anode of the diode D101 is connected with the collector of the switching tube Q101, and the cathode of the diode D101 is connected with one end of the control coil connecting resistor R101 of the relay REL 101;
one end of the resistor R111 is connected with the trigger unit through a resistor R107, and the other end of the resistor R is connected with the base electrode of the switching tube Q101; the transmitter of the switching tube Q101 is grounded;
the V-phase switch subunit comprises resistors R102 and R112, a relay REL102, a diode D102 and a switch tube Q102;
the input end of the relay REL102 controlled switch is connected with a V-phase driving power supply, and the first output end of the controlled switch is connected with the V-phase input end of a motor power supply; the second output end of the controlled switch is connected with the absorption unit;
one end of the resistor R102 is connected with the trigger unit, the other end of the resistor R102 is connected with one end of a control coil of the relay REL102, and the other end of the control coil of the relay REL102 is connected with a collector of a switch tube Q102; the anode of the diode D102 is connected with the collector of the switching tube Q102, and the cathode is connected with one end of the relay REL102 control coil connecting resistor R102;
one end of the resistor R112 is connected with the trigger unit through a resistor R107, and the other end of the resistor R is connected with the base electrode of the switching tube Q102; the transmitter of the switching tube Q102 is grounded;
the W-phase switch subunit comprises resistors R103 and R113, a relay REL103, a diode D103 and a switching tube Q103;
the input end of the relay REL103 controlled switch is connected with a W-phase driving power supply, and the first output end of the controlled switch is connected with the W-phase input end of a motor power supply; the second output end of the controlled switch is connected with the absorption unit;
one end of the resistor R103 is connected with the trigger unit, the other end of the resistor R103 is connected with one end of a control coil of the relay REL103, and the other end of the control coil of the relay REL103 is connected with a collector of a switching tube Q103; the anode of the diode D103 is connected with the collector of the switching tube Q103, and the cathode is connected with one end of a control coil connecting resistor R103 of the relay REL 103;
one end of the resistor R113 is connected with the trigger unit through a resistor R107, and the other end of the resistor R is connected with the base electrode of the switching tube Q103; the transmitter of the switching tube Q103 is grounded.
Further, the absorption unit includes resistors R121, R122, and R123 having the same resistance value;
one ends of the resistors R121, R122 and R123 are short-circuited; the other ends of the resistors R121, R122 and R123 are respectively connected to the second output ends of the controlled switches of the relays REL101, REL102 and REL 103.
Further, the trigger unit includes a mechanical switch CN101, one end of the mechanical switch CN101 is connected to +12V, and the other end of the mechanical switch CN101 is connected to the resistor R101, the resistor R111, the resistor R102, the resistor R112, the resistor R103, and the resistor R113 through a diode D104 connected in a forward direction;
on the other hand, the R108 is connected with the anode of the light emitter of the optical coupling chip U2, and the cathode of the light emitter of the optical coupling chip U2 is grounded; the light receiver of the optical coupling chip U2 is connected with the MCU, wherein a collector is connected with the MCU through a resistor R120, and an emitter of the light receiver of the optical coupling chip U2 is directly connected with the MCU.
The discharge assembly is connected with the rectifier and is used for being connected with an energy storage device in the rectifier to form a discharge loop when the power supply is cut off, and the energy in the energy storage device is released;
the discharge assembly comprises a discharge control circuit and a discharge circuit;
the input end of the discharge control circuit is connected with the driving interface of the MCU, and the output end of the discharge control circuit is connected with the discharge circuit and used for discharging an energy storage device in the rectifier by the discharge circuit;
the discharge circuit comprises a current-limiting resistor R109 and a discharge switching tube Q105; one end of the current limiting resistor R109 is connected with the anode of an energy storage device in the rectifier; the other end is connected with the drain electrode of the discharge switch tube Q105; the source of the discharge switch tube Q105 is grounded, and the gate is connected to the output terminal of the discharge control circuit.
Further, the discharge switch tube Q105 is an MOS tube, and the current range is 1A-30A; the resistance value of R109 is in the range of 50-20K omega.
Further, the discharge control circuit comprises resistors R201, R202, R203, R204, R205, R206, PNP-type triodes Q201, Q202, NPN-type triode Q203 and capacitor C201;
one end of the resistor R201 is connected with the MCU driving interface, the other end of the resistor R201 is respectively connected with one ends of the resistor R202 and the resistor R203, the other end of the resistor R202 is connected with a +3.3V power supply, and the other end of the resistor R203 is connected with the base electrode of the triode Q201;
a collector of the triode Q201 is connected with +12V through a resistor R204, an emitter is grounded, and a capacitor C201 is connected in parallel between the three collectors and the emitter;
the +12V, the resistor R205, the triode Q202 and the triode Q203 are sequentially connected with the ground; the base electrodes of the triode Q202 and the triode Q203 are in short circuit with the emitting electrode of the triode Q201; the emitters of the transistor Q202 and the transistor Q203 are shorted, and are connected to the gate of the discharge switch Q105 through the resistor R206.
Further, the discharge control circuit comprises resistors R201, R202, R203, R204, R205, R206, R207 and R208, a capacitor C201, an optocoupler U201, diodes D201 and D202 and a PNP type triode Q201;
the anode of the diode D201 and the cathode of the diode D202 are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a direct-current power supply, and a capacitor C201 is connected between the cathode of the diode D201 and the anode of the diode D202 to form a charging loop of the capacitor C201;
the capacitors C201, R202 and R203 are sequentially connected with the light emitter of the optocoupler U201 and the capacitor C201 to form a discharge loop of the capacitor C201;
the collector of the light receiver of the optocoupler U201 is connected with +12V through a resistor R204, and the transmitter of the light receiver of the optocoupler U201 is grounded;
the collector of the triode Q201 is connected with +12V, the base of the triode Q201 is connected with the collector of the light receiver of the optocoupler U201 through a resistor R205, the transmitter is grounded through a resistor R206 and series resistors R207 and R208, and the connecting ends of the series resistors R207 and R208 are connected with the grid of the discharge switch tube Q105.
Further, the discharge control circuit comprises resistors R201, R202, R203, R204, R205, R206 and R207, capacitors C201 and C202, diodes D201 and D202, a PNP triode Q201 and an NPN triode Q202;
one end of the capacitor C201 is connected with the MCU driving interface, the other end of the capacitor C201 is respectively connected with the anode of the diode D201 and the cathode of the diode D202, and the capacitor C202 and the resistor R201 are connected between the cathode of the diode D201 and the anode of the diode D202 and are connected with the base electrode of the triode Q201;
the collector of the triode Q201 is connected with +12V through a resistor R203, the base is grounded through a resistor R202, and the emitter is grounded;
the emitter of the triode Q202 is connected with +12V, the base is connected with the collector of the triode Q201 through the resistor R204, the collector is grounded through the resistor R205 and the series resistors R206 and R207, and the connecting ends of the series resistors R206 and R207 are connected with the grid of the discharge switch tube Q105.
The utility model discloses beneficial effect as follows:
the utility model can realize the motor brake after the food processor finishes food processing or stops abnormal operation, the brake effect meets the brake response time of different countries in different regions applying different accessories, and the cost is reduced by 40 percent under the condition of meeting the GS 1.5 second cutter stopping requirement; the volume is reduced by 30%, and compared with the conventional method in the industry, the effective service life of the 20A and 40A IGBT and the relay can be prolonged by more than 50%.
The power of the energy storage device in the whole system can be effectively and rapidly discharged after the whole system is powered off, the discharging speed is high, the cost is low, and the risk of human electric shock is avoided; the risk that the maintenance or the user touching the food processing cutter after power failure of the product is hurt is reduced and avoided.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a motor control circuit in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a brake switch unit in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a circuit of a trigger unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a first discharge control circuit in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second discharge control circuit in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a third discharge control circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention, which is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings, forms a part of this application, and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
The utility model discloses a concrete embodiment discloses a motor control circuit with brake discharge function, is applied to food processor's main motor control that drives, and the food processor in this embodiment is 200 and supplys power rank's between 3000W electronic juice, agitator, the filament cutter of cutting dish, food processors such as stirring type cooking machine.
As shown in fig. 1, the motor control circuit includes a power supply input port, a rectifier, a full bridge driver, an MCU, a switching power supply, a motor, a brake assembly, and a discharge assembly;
the food processor of the utility model adopts AC 100 plus 120V/220 plus 240V mains supply, wherein the power supply input port is connected with AC 100 plus 120V/220 plus 240V (the input voltage of 100V-240V does not affect the functions of the brake and the discharge circuit);
the rectifier is connected with the power supply input port and used for rectifying and filtering the accessed alternating current to output direct current power supply;
the full-bridge driver is connected with the rectifier and used for converting input direct current power supply to output UVW three-phase power supply to the motor to control the rotation of the motor and drive a cutter of the food processor to rotate to process food;
and the MCU is used for controlling the working process of the whole food processor, and the control program of the MCU can be set by adopting the conventional existing food processing method.
The switching power supply is used for providing required direct current power supplies of +12V, +3.3V and the like for parts needing direct current power supply, such as an MCU, a brake assembly, a discharging assembly and the like;
the above components of the food processor may all be implemented using the same components and connections and control relationships as existing food processors.
Specifically, the brake assembly and the discharge assembly adopted in the embodiment are as follows:
the brake assembly is connected between the power supply input end of the motor and the output end of the full-bridge driver and is used for communicating the output end of the full-bridge driver with the power supply input end of the motor when the motor works normally, so that the full-bridge driver supplies power to the motor; when the motor works abnormally or needs to stop, the output end of the full-bridge driver and the power input end of the motor are disconnected, and the power supply of the motor is cut off;
the discharging assembly is connected with the rectifier and used for being connected with an energy storage device in the rectifier to form a discharging loop when the motor works abnormally or needs to stop the motor, and energy in the energy storage device is released.
Specifically, the brake assembly comprises a trigger unit, a brake unit and an absorption unit;
the trigger unit is connected with the brake unit and used for generating a trigger signal and triggering the brake unit to brake the motor;
the absorption unit is connected with the brake unit and used for absorbing residual energy output by the full-bridge driver when the brake unit brakes the motor;
the brake unit comprises an input port, a brake switch unit, a first output port and a second output port;
the input port is connected with the U, V, W three-phase output end of the full-bridge driver and comprises U, V, W three input ends;
the first output port is connected with an U, V, W three-phase input end of a motor power supply and comprises U, V, W three output ends;
the second output port is connected with the absorption unit and comprises U, V, W output ends;
the brake switch unit is respectively connected with the input port, the first output port and the second output port;
when the trigger unit does not output the trigger signal, the brake switch unit connects the input port with the first output port and is used for outputting the U, V, W three-phase driving power output by the full-bridge driver to the three-phase input end of the motor power supply;
when the trigger unit outputs a trigger signal, the brake switch unit connects the input port with the second output port, and is used for outputting U, V, W three-phase driving power to the absorption unit.
Specifically, the brake switch unit comprises a U-phase switch subunit, a V-phase switch subunit and a W-phase switch subunit; as shown in figure 2 of the drawings, in which,
the U-phase switch subunit comprises resistors R101 and R111, a relay REL101, a diode D101 and a switch tube Q101;
the input end of a relay REL101 controlled switch is connected with a U-phase driving power supply, and the first output end of the controlled switch is connected with the U-phase input end of a motor power supply; the second output end of the controlled switch is connected with the absorption unit;
one end of the resistor R101 is connected with the trigger unit, the other end of the resistor R101 is connected with one end of a control coil of the relay REL101, and the other end of the control coil of the relay REL101 is connected with a collector of a switching tube Q101; the anode of the diode D101 is connected with the collector of the switching tube Q101, and the cathode of the diode D101 is connected with one end of the control coil connecting resistor R101 of the relay REL 101;
one end of the resistor R111 is connected with the trigger unit through a resistor R107, and the other end of the resistor R is connected with the base electrode of the switching tube Q101; the transmitter of the switching tube Q101 is grounded;
the V-phase switch subunit comprises resistors R102 and R112, a relay REL102, a diode D102 and a switch tube Q102;
the input end of a relay REL102 controlled switch is connected with a V-phase driving power supply, and the first output end of the controlled switch is connected with the V-phase input end of a motor power supply; the second output end of the controlled switch is connected with the absorption unit;
one end of the resistor R102 is connected with the trigger unit, the other end of the resistor R102 is connected with one end of a control coil of the relay REL102, and the other end of the control coil of the relay REL102 is connected with a collector of the switching tube Q102; the anode of the diode D102 is connected with the collector of the switching tube Q102, and the cathode is connected with one end of the relay REL102 control coil connecting resistor R102;
one end of the resistor R112 is connected with the trigger unit through a resistor R107, and the other end of the resistor R is connected with the base electrode of the switching tube Q102; the transmitter of the switching tube Q102 is grounded;
the W-phase switch subunit comprises resistors R103 and R113, a relay REL103, a diode D103 and a switching tube Q103;
the input end of a controlled switch of the relay REL103 is connected with a W-phase driving power supply, and the first output end of the controlled switch is connected with the W-phase input end of a motor power supply; the second output end of the controlled switch is connected with the absorption unit;
one end of the resistor R103 is connected with the trigger unit, the other end of the resistor R103 is connected with one end of a control coil of the relay REL103, and the other end of the control coil of the relay REL103 is connected with a collector of the switching tube Q103; the anode of the diode D103 is connected with the collector of the switching tube Q103, and the cathode is connected with one end of a control coil connecting resistor R103 of the relay REL 103;
one end of the resistor R113 is connected with the trigger unit through a resistor R107, and the other end of the resistor R is connected with the base electrode of the switching tube Q103; the transmitter of the switching tube Q103 is grounded.
Specifically, the absorption unit comprises resistors R121, R122 and R123 with the same resistance value;
one ends of the resistors R121, R122 and R123 are short-circuited; the other ends of the resistors R121, R122 and R123 are respectively connected with second output ends of controlled switches of the relays REL101, REL102 and REL 103; current specification ranges for REL101, REL102, and REL103 relays: 5-20A, rated voltage: 125VAC-275 VAC. The resistors R121, R122, and R123 preferably have resistance values ranging from: 0.1-30 omega, and preferably the resistance power is in the range of 1W-25W. The brake effect meets the brake response time of different countries in different regions applying different accessories, and the cost is reduced by 40% under the condition of meeting the GS 1.5 second cutter stopping requirement; the volume is reduced by 30%, and compared with the conventional method in the industry, the effective service life of the 20A and 40A IGBT and the relay can be prolonged by more than 50%.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the trigger unit includes a mechanical switch CN101, one end of the mechanical switch CN101 is connected to +12V, and the other end of the mechanical switch CN101 is connected to a resistor R101, a resistor R111, a resistor R102, a resistor R112, a resistor R103, and a resistor R113 of the brake unit through a forward-connected diode D104;
on the other hand, the R108 is connected with the anode of the light emitter of the optical coupling chip U2, and the cathode of the light emitter of the optical coupling chip U2 is grounded; the light receiver of the optocoupler chip U2 is connected with the MCU, wherein the collector is connected with the MCU through a resistor R120, and the emitter of the light receiver of the optocoupler chip U2 is directly connected with the MCU; when the light receiver is cut off, the MCU outputs a control signal to turn off the IGBT in the full-bridge driver, so that the IGBT is prevented from misoperation again.
The specific working process is as follows,
when the motor normally works, a mechanical switch CN101 of the trigger unit is closed, the +12V is output to a resistor R101, a resistor R111, a resistor R102, a resistor R112, a resistor R103 and a resistor R113 of the brake unit through a diode D104 of the mechanical switch CN101, so that switching tubes Q101, Q102 and Q103 of the brake switch unit are conducted, coils of relays REL101, REL102 and REL103 are electrified, the input end of a controlled switch in the REL101, REL102 and REL103 is connected with a first output end of the controlled switch, and U, V, W three-phase driving power output by the full-bridge driver is output to a three-phase input end of a motor power supply through the controlled switch;
after the food processor finishes food processing or stops abnormal operation, the mechanical switch CN101 of the trigger unit is switched off, on one hand, +12V cannot be output to the resistor R101, the resistor R111, the resistor R102, the resistor R112, the resistor R103 and the resistor R113 of the brake unit, the switching tubes Q101, Q102 and Q103 of the brake switch unit are switched off, the coils of the relays REL101, REL102 and REL103 are powered off, so that the input ends of the controlled switches in the REL101, REL102 and REL103 are connected with the second output ends of the controlled switches, the output ends of the full bridge of the driver are connected with the resistors R121, R122 and R123 of the absorption unit through the controlled switches, and the residual energy in the full bridge driver is absorbed;
on the other hand, the mechanical switch CN101 is turned off, so that the light emitter of the optocoupler chip U2 is turned off from +12V, the light emitter does not emit light, the light receiver of the optocoupler chip U2 is turned off, and the light receiver is turned off, and the MCU outputs a control signal to turn off the IGBT in the full-bridge driver, thereby preventing the IGBT from being operated by mistake again.
Specifically, the discharge assembly comprises a discharge control circuit and a discharge circuit;
the input end of the discharge control circuit is connected with the driving interface of the MCU, and the output end of the discharge control circuit is connected with the discharge circuit and used for discharging an energy storage device in the rectifier by the discharge circuit;
the discharge circuit comprises a current-limiting resistor R109 and a discharge switching tube Q105; one end of the current limiting resistor R109 is connected with the anode DC P of the energy storage device in the rectifier; the other end is connected with the drain electrode of the discharge switch tube Q105; the source of the discharge switch tube Q105 is grounded, and the gate is connected to the output terminal of the discharge control circuit.
Preferably, the discharge switch tube Q105 is an MOS tube, and the current range is 1A-30A; the resistance value of R109 is in the range of 50-20K omega.
More preferably, the present embodiment provides three discharge control circuit configurations,
the first discharge control circuit is shown in fig. 4, and includes resistors R201, R202, R203, R204, R205, R206, PNP-type triodes Q201 and Q202, an NPN-type triode Q203, and a capacitor C201;
one end of the resistor R201 is connected with the MCU driving interface, the other end of the resistor R201 is respectively connected with one ends of the resistor R202 and the resistor R203, the other end of the resistor R202 is connected with a +3.3V power supply, and the other end of the resistor R203 is connected with the base electrode of the triode Q201;
a collector of the triode Q201 is connected with +12V through a resistor R204, an emitter is grounded, and a capacitor C201 is connected in parallel between the three collectors and the emitter;
the +12V, the current-limiting resistor R205, the triode Q202 and the triode Q203 are sequentially connected with the ground to form a push-pull driving circuit; the base electrodes of the triode Q202 and the triode Q203 are in short circuit with the emitting electrode of the triode Q201; the emitters of the transistor Q202 and the transistor Q203 are shorted, and are connected to the gate of the discharge switch Q105 through the current limiting resistor R206.
By adopting the first discharge control circuit, when discharge needs to be started, a discharge driving signal dis _ char output by the MCU is at a low level, the triode Q201 is cut off and not conducted, a high level is input in a push-pull mode, the triode Q202 in the push-pull driving circuit is conducted at the moment, the Q203 is cut off, the input voltage of the base electrode G pole of the MOS tube Q105 is 12V, the MOS tube Q105 is conducted, the electric quantity on the energy storage device is quickly discharged through a loop formed by the resistor R109, the drain pole and the source pole DS of the MOS tube.
Through testing, the brushless BLDC motor and the reluctance motor driving board for the object processor products have the characteristic of capacitance energy storage, so that the discharge speed of the brushless BLDC motor and the reluctance motor driving board is fast and the cost is low, and the risk of human electric shock is avoided; the risk that the maintenance or the user touching the food processing cutter after power failure of the product is hurt is reduced and avoided.
The second discharge control circuit is shown in fig. 5, and includes resistors R201, R202, R203, R204, R205, R206, R207, R208, a capacitor C201, an optocoupler U201, diodes D201, D202, and a PNP-type triode Q201;
the anode of the diode D201 and the cathode of the diode D202 are respectively connected to the anode and the cathode of a direct current power supply, preferably to both ends of the mechanical switch CN 101; a capacitor C201 is connected between the cathode of the diode D201 and the anode of the diode D202 to form a charging loop of the capacitor C201;
the capacitors C201, R202 and R203 are sequentially connected with the light emitter of the optocoupler U201 and the capacitor C201 to form a discharge loop of the capacitor C201;
the collector of the light receiver of the optocoupler U201 is connected with +12V through a resistor R204, and the transmitter of the light receiver of the optocoupler U201 is grounded;
the collector of the triode Q201 is connected with +12V, the base of the triode Q201 is connected with the collector of the light receiver of the optocoupler U201 through a resistor R205, the transmitter is grounded through a resistor R206 and series resistors R207 and R208, and the connecting ends of the series resistors R207 and R208 are connected with the grid of the discharge switch tube Q105.
By adopting a second discharge control circuit, when a motor normally works, a circuit L/N is electrified, a capacitor C101 stores energy, the energy is limited and divided by resistors R201, R202 and R203, then an optocoupler U101 is driven, the internal isolation function of the optocoupler is utilized to realize the transmission and isolation characteristics of current, pins 4 and 3 of the optocoupler U201 are conducted, the voltage of a pin 1 of a triode Q201 is 0 and is cut off, a transmitter is at a low level, a resistor network consisting of R206, R207 and R208 is a low-resistance pulled-down resistor of a G pole of an MOS tube, and the G pole is prevented from being switched on by mistake due to suspension voltage when the MOS tube is suspended;
when the discharging is needed to be started, the power supply L/N is powered off, the capacitor C201 does not have a charging loop, after the electricity stored in the capacitor C201 is discharged, the optocoupler U201 is cut off without input current, the pin 1 of the triode Q201 inputs high level, so that the Q201 is driven to be conducted, 12V voltage is input to the G pole of the MOS tube through pins 3 and 2 of the triode Q201, the MOS tube Q105 is conducted, the circuit stored in the capacitor forms a loop through the resistor R109 and the DS pole of the MOS tube Q105, and the electric quantity is rapidly discharged. In the circuit, the R207 resistor is an input current limiting resistor, and prevents a large current from flowing when the Q201 is conducted.
Through tests, the second discharge control circuit preferably has a capacitance value range of 1-100uF, a withstand voltage value of 250-1500V and a resistance value range of 50-20K omega (power consumption of 1W-20W) of a resistor R109, and the specification of a discharge MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube Q105 is 1A-30A, and a hardware circuit discharge mode is adopted by the circuit, so that the risk of misoperation of the discharge circuit caused by the failure of a single chip microcomputer can be effectively avoided, rear-stage circuit components are burnt, and the response speed of the hardware circuit is high; can effectually be in entire system outage back, let out energy storage element's electricity in the entire system rapidly, avoid the artificial risk of electrocuting.
The third discharge control circuit is shown in fig. 6, and includes resistors R201, R202, R203, R204, R205, R206, and R207, capacitors C201 and C202, diodes D201 and D202, a PNP transistor Q201, and an NPN transistor Q202;
one end of the capacitor C201 is connected with the MCU driving interface, the other end of the capacitor C201 is respectively connected with the anode of the diode D201 and the cathode of the diode D202, and the capacitor C202 and the resistor R201 are connected between the cathode of the diode D201 and the anode of the diode D202 and are connected with the base electrode of the triode Q201;
the collector of the triode Q201 is connected with +12V through a resistor R203, the base is grounded through a resistor R202, and the emitter is grounded;
the emitter of the triode Q202 is connected with +12V, the base is connected with the collector of the triode Q201 through the resistor R204, the collector is grounded through the resistor R205 and the series resistors R206 and R207, and the connecting end of the series current limiting resistors R206 and R207 is connected with the grid of the discharge switch tube Q105. Current limiting resistor R206 prevents a large current from flowing when Q202 is on.
By adopting a third discharge control circuit, when the motor works normally, the MCU driving port outputs low level, the principle that the capacitor has the function of alternating current and direct current isolation is utilized, the MCU output signal cannot charge the C202 at the rear stage through the capacitor C201, the diodes D101 and D102, the resistor R201 is a low level signal, the triode Q201 is cut off, so that the triode Q202 is cut off without bias voltage, the low level signal is input, the MOS tube Q105 is cut off, and a discharge loop formed by the resistor R109 and the DS pole of the MOS tube Q105 is cut off; r205 and R207 are G electrodes of the MOS tube and pull low resistance, so that the G electrodes are prevented from being switched on by mistake due to suspension voltage when the MOS tube is suspended;
when discharging is needed to be started, the MCU drive port 'Con' outputs a fixed-frequency square wave signal, the principle that a capacitor is communicated with alternating current and direct current is utilized, the MCU outputs the square wave signal to charge the C202 through the capacitor C201, the diodes D101 and D102, after the capacitor C202 is fully charged, the capacitor C202 is subjected to voltage division and current limitation through the resistors R201 and R202, a high-level signal is output to the triode Q201, the triode Q201 is conducted, the drive signal is output by utilizing the switching characteristic of the triode, pins 3 and 2 of the triode Q201 are conducted, and pin 3 is a low level, so that the Q202 is conducted, 12V voltage is input to a G pole of the MOS tube through pins 3 and 2 of the triode Q202, the MOS tube Q105 is conducted, electric energy stored on the capacitor forms a loop through the resistor R109 and a DS pole of the.
Through tests, the third discharge control circuit realizes the rapid discharge of the energy storage element in the whole control system after the input alternating current of the whole system is cut off, preferably, the capacitance value range of C201 is 0.01-10uF, the withstand voltage value is 10-100V, the capacitance value range of C202 is 0.1-100uF, the withstand voltage value is 10-100V, the resistance value range of R109 is 50 omega-20K omega (power consumption is 1W-20W), the specification 1A-30A of the discharge MOS tube Q105, the circuit effectively utilizes the principle that the capacitor has the function of alternating current and direct current connection and isolation (the principle that the capacitor is connected with the alternating current and direct current isolation is utilized in a protection circuit is mainly needed), when the control system of the food processor fails, the main control module is out of control, no matter whether the output control pin outputs high level or low level, the output control pin can not provide error signals for the rear-stage circuit through the capacitor C201, thereby avoiding the risk of misoperation when the whole, the device can change the square wave output frequency of an output port or adjust the duty ratio according to the parameter matching condition of different components of a hardware circuit selection type by adjusting control software, so that the optimal control system can be obtained by combining software and hardware, the whole control system is more flexible and changeable, the energy stored by an energy storage element in the whole system can be effectively and rapidly discharged after the alternating current power failure of the whole system, and the artificial electric shock risk is avoided.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A motor control circuit with a brake discharge function comprises a power supply input port, a rectifier and a full-bridge driver which are connected in sequence, and is characterized by also comprising a brake component connected between the output end of the full-bridge driver and the power supply input end of a motor, wherein the brake component is used for communicating the output end of the full-bridge driver and the power supply input end of the motor to enable the full-bridge driver to drive the motor to rotate; or the output end of the full-bridge driver and the power supply input end of the motor are disconnected, the motor is stopped to be driven to rotate, and the residual energy of the full-bridge driver is absorbed.
2. The motor control circuit of claim 1, wherein the brake assembly comprises a trigger unit, a brake unit, and an absorption unit;
the trigger unit is connected with the brake unit and used for generating a trigger signal for triggering the brake unit to brake the motor; the absorption unit is connected with the brake unit and used for absorbing residual energy output by the full-bridge driver when the brake unit brakes the motor;
the brake unit comprises a brake switch unit, and an input port, a first output port and a second output port which are respectively connected with the brake switch unit; the input port is connected with the U, V, W three-phase output end of the full-bridge driver; the first output port is electrically connected with a three-phase input end of a motor power supply, and the second output port is connected with the absorption unit;
when the trigger unit outputs a trigger signal, the brake switch unit connects the input port with the second output port, and is used for outputting the three-phase driving power output by the full-bridge driver to the absorption unit; otherwise, the brake switch unit connects the input port with the first output port, and is used for outputting the three-phase driving power output by the full-bridge driver to the three-phase input end of the motor power supply.
3. The motor control circuit of claim 2, wherein the brake switch unit comprises a U-phase switch subunit, a V-phase switch subunit, and a W-phase switch subunit;
the U-phase switch subunit comprises resistors R101 and R111, a relay REL101, a diode D101 and a switch tube Q101;
the input end of the relay REL101 controlled switch is connected with a U-phase driving power supply, and the first output end of the controlled switch is connected with the U-phase input end of a motor power supply; the second output end of the controlled switch is connected with the absorption unit;
one end of the resistor R101 is connected with the trigger unit, the other end of the resistor R101 is connected with one end of a control coil of the relay REL101, and the other end of the control coil of the relay REL101 is connected with a collector of a switch tube Q101; the anode of the diode D101 is connected with the collector of the switching tube Q101, and the cathode of the diode D101 is connected with one end of the control coil connecting resistor R101 of the relay REL 101;
one end of the resistor R111 is connected with the trigger unit through a resistor R107, and the other end of the resistor R is connected with the base electrode of the switching tube Q101; the transmitter of the switching tube Q101 is grounded;
the V-phase switch subunit comprises resistors R102 and R112, a relay REL102, a diode D102 and a switch tube Q102;
the input end of the relay REL102 controlled switch is connected with a V-phase driving power supply, and the first output end of the controlled switch is connected with the V-phase input end of a motor power supply;
one end of the resistor R102 is connected with the trigger unit, the other end of the resistor R102 is connected with one end of a control coil of the relay REL102, and the other end of the control coil of the relay REL102 is connected with a collector of a switch tube Q102; the anode of the diode D102 is connected with the collector of the switching tube Q102, and the cathode is connected with one end of the relay REL102 control coil connecting resistor R102;
one end of the resistor R112 is connected with the trigger unit through a resistor R107, and the other end of the resistor R is connected with the base electrode of the switching tube Q102; the transmitter of the switching tube Q102 is grounded;
the W-phase switch subunit comprises resistors R103 and R113, a relay REL103, a diode D103 and a switching tube Q103;
the input end of the relay REL103 controlled switch is connected with a W-phase driving power supply, and the first output end of the controlled switch is connected with the W-phase input end of a motor power supply;
one end of the resistor R103 is connected with the trigger unit, the other end of the resistor R103 is connected with one end of a control coil of the relay REL103, and the other end of the control coil of the relay REL103 is connected with a collector of a switching tube Q103; the anode of the diode D103 is connected with the collector of the switching tube Q103, and the cathode is connected with one end of a control coil connecting resistor R103 of the relay REL 103;
one end of the resistor R113 is connected with the trigger unit through a resistor R107, and the other end of the resistor R is connected with the base electrode of the switching tube Q103; the transmitter of the switching tube Q103 is grounded.
4. The motor control circuit according to claim 3, wherein the absorption unit includes resistors R121, R122, and R123 having the same resistance value;
one ends of the resistors R121, R122 and R123 are short-circuited; the other ends of the resistors R121, R122 and R123 are respectively connected to the second output ends of the controlled switches of the relays REL101, REL102 and REL 103.
5. The motor control circuit according to claim 3, wherein the trigger unit comprises a mechanical switch CN101, one end of the mechanical switch CN101 is connected to +12V, and the other end is respectively connected to the resistor R101, the resistor R111, the resistor R102, the resistor R112, the resistor R103 and the resistor R113 through a diode D104 in forward connection;
on the other hand, the R108 is connected with the anode of the light emitter of the optical coupling chip U2, and the cathode of the light emitter of the optical coupling chip U2 is grounded; the light receiver of the optical coupling chip U2 is connected with the MCU, wherein a collector is connected with the MCU through a resistor R120, and an emitter of the light receiver of the optical coupling chip U2 is directly connected with the MCU.
6. The motor control circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a discharging component connected to the rectifier and configured to connect to the energy storage device in the rectifier to form a discharging loop when the power supply is cut off, so as to release energy in the energy storage device;
the discharge assembly comprises a discharge control circuit and a discharge circuit;
the input end of the discharge control circuit is connected with the driving interface of the MCU, and the output end of the discharge control circuit is connected with the discharge circuit and used for discharging an energy storage device in the rectifier by the discharge circuit;
the discharge circuit comprises a current-limiting resistor R109 and a discharge switching tube Q105; one end of the current limiting resistor R109 is connected with the anode of an energy storage device in the rectifier; the other end is connected with the drain electrode of the discharge switch tube Q105; the source of the discharge switch tube Q105 is grounded, and the gate is connected to the output terminal of the discharge control circuit.
7. The motor control circuit of claim 6, wherein the discharge switch Q105 is a MOS transistor with a current range of 1A-30A; the resistance value of R109 is in the range of 50-20K omega.
8. The motor control circuit according to claim 6, wherein the discharge control circuit comprises resistors R201, R202, R203, R204, R205, R206, PNP type triodes Q201, Q202, an NPN type triode Q203 and a capacitor C201;
one end of the resistor R201 is connected with the MCU driving interface, the other end of the resistor R201 is respectively connected with one ends of the resistor R202 and the resistor R203, the other end of the resistor R202 is connected with a +3.3V power supply, and the other end of the resistor R203 is connected with the base electrode of the triode Q201;
a collector of the triode Q201 is connected with +12V through a resistor R204, an emitter is grounded, and a capacitor C201 is connected in parallel between the three collectors and the emitter;
the +12V, the resistor R205, the triode Q202 and the triode Q203 are sequentially connected with the ground; the base electrodes of the triode Q202 and the triode Q203 are in short circuit with the emitting electrode of the triode Q201; the emitters of the transistor Q202 and the transistor Q203 are shorted, and are connected to the gate of the discharge switch Q105 through the resistor R206.
9. The motor control circuit of claim 6,
the discharge control circuit comprises resistors R201, R202, R203, R204, R205, R206, R207 and R208, a capacitor C201, an optocoupler U201, diodes D201 and D202 and a PNP type triode Q201;
the anode of the diode D201 and the cathode of the diode D202 are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a direct-current power supply, and a capacitor C201 is connected between the cathode of the diode D201 and the anode of the diode D202 to form a charging loop of the capacitor C201;
the capacitors C201, R202 and R203 are sequentially connected with the light emitter of the optocoupler U201 and the capacitor C201 to form a discharge loop of the capacitor C201;
the collector of the light receiver of the optocoupler U201 is connected with +12V through a resistor R204, and the transmitter of the light receiver of the optocoupler U201 is grounded;
the collector of the triode Q201 is connected with +12V, the base of the triode Q201 is connected with the collector of the light receiver of the optocoupler U201 through a resistor R205, the transmitter is grounded through a resistor R206 and series resistors R207 and R208, and the connecting end of the series resistors R207 and R208 is connected with the grid of the discharge switch tube Q105.
10. The motor control circuit according to claim 6, wherein the discharge control circuit comprises resistors R201, R202, R203, R204, R205, R206 and R207, capacitors C201 and C202, diodes D201 and D202, a PNP type triode Q201 and an NPN type triode Q202;
one end of the capacitor C201 is connected with the MCU driving interface, the other end of the capacitor C201 is respectively connected with the anode of the diode D201 and the cathode of the diode D202, and the capacitor C202 and the resistor R201 are connected between the cathode of the diode D201 and the anode of the diode D202 and are connected with the base electrode of the triode Q201;
the collector of the triode Q201 is connected with +12V through a resistor R203, the base is grounded through a resistor R202, and the emitter is grounded;
the emitter of the triode Q202 is connected with +12V, the base is connected with the collector of the triode Q201 through the resistor R204, the collector is grounded through the resistor R205 and the series resistors R206 and R207, and the connecting end of the series resistors R206 and R207 is connected with the grid of the discharge switch tube Q105.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921000141.8U CN210120501U (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2019-06-28 | Motor control circuit with brake discharge function |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201921000141.8U CN210120501U (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2019-06-28 | Motor control circuit with brake discharge function |
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| CN210120501U true CN210120501U (en) | 2020-02-28 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115021730A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-09-06 | 艺唯科技股份有限公司 | Treadmill safety control protection circuit |
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2019
- 2019-06-28 CN CN201921000141.8U patent/CN210120501U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115021730A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-09-06 | 艺唯科技股份有限公司 | Treadmill safety control protection circuit |
| CN115021730B (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2023-11-28 | 艺唯科技股份有限公司 | Treadmill safety control protection circuit |
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