CN210112020U - Anti-polarization-disturbance phase coding quantum key distribution system - Google Patents
Anti-polarization-disturbance phase coding quantum key distribution system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a phase coding quantum key distribution system of anti-polarization disturbance, which comprises a sending module and a receiving module; the receiving module comprises an optical fiber circulator, a first polarization beam splitter, a first Mach-Zehnder interferometer, a second polarization beam splitter, a first single-photon detector and a second single-photon detector; the output end of the sending module is connected with the input end of the optical fiber circulator, one output end of the optical fiber circulator is connected with the input end of the first single photon detector, the other output end of the optical fiber circulator is bidirectionally connected with the input end of the first polarization beam splitter, two output ends of the first polarization beam splitter are correspondingly and bidirectionally connected with two ends of the first Mach-Zehnder interferometer, the other two ends of the first Mach-Zehnder interferometer are both connected with the input end of the second polarization beam splitter, and the output end of the second polarization beam splitter is connected with the input end of the second single photon detector. The utility model discloses eliminated the influence of channel polarization disturbance to distribution system, improved distribution system's stability.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to optic fibre quantum key distribution system field, specifically say and relate to a phase coding quantum key distribution system of anti polarization disturbance.
Background
The optical fiber quantum key distribution system generally adopts single-mode optical fiber as a transmission channel, but because the optical fiber channel has an inherent birefringence effect, the polarization state of photons can change in the transmission process and can change along with the change of the external environment, so that the polarization state of the photons can not be predicted when the photons enter a receiving end. Therefore, the traditional quantum key distribution system based on the double unequal arm Mach-Zehnder interference ring scheme has poor stability and is easily interfered by the environment.
In order to improve the stability and the practicability of the quantum key distribution system, researchers propose two types of solutions. One of them is active polarization compensation, a polarization compensation module is added at the receiving end, and polarization tracking and compensation are performed through feedback control, which increases system complexity, consumes time and resources, and has a high error rate. The other type is passive compensation for the polarization state, such as Plug-and-play (Plug-and-play) round-trip type quantum key distribution system, and the characteristic that a Faraday mirror rotates the polarization state of incident light by 90 degrees is used for counteracting the effect of a fiber channel on the photon polarization state, so that the stability of the system is ensured; however, due to the reciprocating structure, the scheme has potential safety hazard and is easily attacked by trojans and horses, the working frequency of the system is limited, and the raman scattering effect of the optical fiber can also increase system noise. Another solution is to add a depolarizer at the transmitting end to randomize the polarization state before the photons enter the fiber channel, so as to eliminate the fiber birefringence effect and the influence of environmental disturbance on the polarization state, and add a polarization beam splitter at the receiving end to polarize, so as to obtain a stable interference result, but this solution will double the loss and reduce the system efficiency by half.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
According to the problem that exists among the prior art, the utility model provides a phase coding quantum key distribution system of anti polarization disturbance, it has eliminated the influence of channel polarization disturbance to distribution system, has improved distribution system's stability.
The utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a polarization disturbance resistant phase coding quantum key distribution system comprises a sending module and a receiving module; the receiving module comprises an optical fiber circulator, a first polarization beam splitter, a first Mach-Zehnder interferometer, a second polarization beam splitter, a first single-photon detector and a second single-photon detector; the output end of the sending module is connected with the input end of the optical fiber circulator, one output end of the optical fiber circulator is connected with the input end of the first single photon detector, the other output end of the optical fiber circulator is bidirectionally connected with the input end of the first polarization beam splitter, two output ends of the first polarization beam splitter are correspondingly and bidirectionally connected with two ends of the first Mach-Zehnder interferometer, the other two ends of the first Mach-Zehnder interferometer are both connected with the input end of the second polarization beam splitter, and the output end of the second polarization beam splitter is connected with the input end of the second single photon detector.
Preferably, the transmitting module comprises a pulse laser, an intensity modulator, a second mach-zehnder interferometer and an electrically adjustable attenuator; the output end of the pulse laser is connected with the input end of the intensity modulator, the output end of the intensity modulator is connected with one end of the second Mach-Zehnder interferometer, the other end of the second Mach-Zehnder interferometer is connected with the input end of the electrically adjustable attenuator, and the output end of the electrically adjustable attenuator is connected with the input end of the optical fiber circulator.
More preferably, the first mach-zehnder interferometer and the second mach-zehnder interferometer have the same structure; the first mach-zehnder interferometer includes a first beam splitter, a second beam splitter, and a first phase modulator; the first end of the first beam splitter is respectively connected with the first end of the second beam splitter and one end of the first phase modulator in a bidirectional mode, the other end of the first phase modulator is connected with the first end of the second beam splitter in a bidirectional mode, the second end of the second beam splitter is connected with the output end of the first polarization beam splitter in a bidirectional mode, the second end of the second beam splitter is connected with the input end of the second polarization beam splitter, the second end of the first beam splitter is connected with the output end of the first polarization beam splitter in a bidirectional mode, and the second end of the first beam splitter is connected with the input end of the second polarization beam splitter;
the second Mach-Zehnder interferometer comprises a third beam splitter, a fourth beam splitter and a second phase modulator; the output end of the third beam splitter is respectively connected with the input ends of the fourth beam splitter and the second phase modulator, the output end of the second phase modulator is connected with the input end of the fourth beam splitter, the output end of the fourth beam splitter is connected with the input end of the electrically adjustable attenuator, and the input end of the third beam splitter is connected with the output end of the intensity modulator.
More preferably, the first mach-zehnder interferometer and the second mach-zehnder interferometer are both unequal arm mach-zehnder interferometers.
Still further preferably, a connection section where the first beam splitter and the second beam splitter are directly connected is a short arm of the first mach-zehnder interferometer, and a connection section where the first beam splitter and the second beam splitter are connected via the first phase modulator is a long arm of the first mach-zehnder interferometer; the connecting section of the third beam splitter and the fourth beam splitter which are directly connected is the short arm of the second Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and the connecting section of the third beam splitter and the fourth beam splitter which are connected through the second phase modulator is the long arm of the second Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:
1) the utility model discloses a receiving module's structure constitution sets up, can decompose the light pulse of input into two mutually perpendicular polarized light pulses via first polarization beam splitter to after interfering respectively again synthesize first polarization beam splitter and second polarization beam splitter, be equivalent to receiving module has played the effect of an interferometer irrelevant with polarization; the polarization change does not affect the interference result, so that the channel polarization disturbance resistance is realized, the influence of the channel polarization disturbance on the distribution system is eliminated, and the stability of the distribution system is improved.
2) The utility model discloses two mutually perpendicular's after the decomposition polarized light pulse passes through first phase modulator from opposite direction respectively, is equivalent to whole polarized light pulse only through a phase modulation, and the loss does not additionally increase, therefore this distribution system when realizing anti channel polarization disturbance, can also keep the high efficiency of wholeness ability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a structure of a distribution system according to the present invention.
Reference numerals: the device comprises a sending module 1, a receiving module 2, a pulse laser 11, an intensity modulator 12, a second Mach-Zehnder interferometer 13, an electrically adjustable attenuator 14, a third beam splitter 15, a fourth beam splitter 16, a second phase modulator 17, a fiber-optic circulator 21, a first polarization beam splitter 22, a first Mach-Zehnder interferometer 23, a second polarization beam splitter 24, a first single-photon detector 25, a second single-photon detector 26, a first beam splitter 27, a second beam splitter 28 and a first phase modulator 29.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a polarization disturbance resistant phase-encoded quantum key distribution system includes a transmitting module 1 and a receiving module 2; the receiving module 2 comprises an optical fiber circulator 21, a first polarization beam splitter 22, a first Mach-Zehnder interferometer 23, a second polarization beam splitter 24, a first single-photon detector 25 and a second single-photon detector 26; the output end of the sending module 1 is connected with the input end of the optical fiber circulator 21, one output end of the optical fiber circulator 21 is connected with the input end of the first single-photon detector 25, the other output end of the optical fiber circulator 21 is bidirectionally connected with the input end of the first polarization beam splitter 22, two output ends of the first polarization beam splitter 22 are correspondingly and bidirectionally connected with two ends of the first Mach-Zehnder interferometer 23, the other two ends of the first Mach-Zehnder interferometer 23 are both connected with the input end of the second polarization beam splitter 24, and the output end of the second polarization beam splitter 24 is connected with the input end of the second single-photon detector 26.
The transmitting module 1 comprises a pulse laser 11, an intensity modulator 12, a second Mach-Zehnder interferometer 13 and an electrically adjustable attenuator 14; the output end of the pulse laser 11 is connected with the input end of the intensity modulator 12, the output end of the intensity modulator 12 is connected with one end of the second mach-zehnder interferometer 13, the other end of the second mach-zehnder interferometer 13 is connected with the input end of the electrically adjustable attenuator 14, and the output end of the electrically adjustable attenuator 14 is connected with the input end of the optical fiber circulator 21.
The first mach-zehnder interferometer 23 and the second mach-zehnder interferometer 13 have the same structure; the first mach-zehnder interferometer 23 includes a first beam splitter 27, a second beam splitter 28, and a first phase modulator 29; the first end of the first beam splitter 27 is respectively connected with the first end of the second beam splitter 28 and one end of the first phase modulator 29 in a bidirectional manner, the other end of the first phase modulator 29 is connected with the first end of the second beam splitter 28 in a bidirectional manner, the second end of the second beam splitter 28 is connected with the output end of the first polarization beam splitter 22 in a bidirectional manner, the second end of the second beam splitter 28 is connected with the input end of the second polarization beam splitter 24, the second end of the first beam splitter 27 is connected with the output end of the first polarization beam splitter 22 in a bidirectional manner, and the second end of the first beam splitter 27 is connected with the input end of the second polarization beam splitter 24;
the second mach-zehnder interferometer 13 includes a third beam splitter 15, a fourth beam splitter 16, and a second phase modulator 17; the output end of the third beam splitter 15 is connected to the input ends of a fourth beam splitter 16 and a second phase modulator 17, the output end of the second phase modulator 17 is connected to the input end of the fourth beam splitter 16, the output end of the fourth beam splitter 16 is connected to the input end of the electrically adjustable attenuator 14, and the input end of the third beam splitter 15 is connected to the output end of the intensity modulator 12.
The first mach-zehnder interferometer 23 and the second mach-zehnder interferometer 13 both employ an unequal arm mach-zehnder interferometer.
The connecting section of the first beam splitter 27 directly connected with the second beam splitter 28 is the short arm of the first mach-zehnder interferometer 23, and the connecting section of the first beam splitter 27 connected with the second beam splitter 28 through the first phase modulator 29 is the long arm of the first mach-zehnder interferometer 23; the connecting section of the third beam splitter 15 directly connected with the fourth beam splitter 16 is the short arm of the second mach-zehnder interferometer 13, and the connecting section of the third beam splitter 15 connected with the fourth beam splitter 16 through the second phase modulator 17 is the long arm of the second mach-zehnder interferometer 13.
The utility model discloses a distribution system is at the during operation, by pulse laser 11 sends the pulse process intensity modulator 12's modulation back, transmits to second mach-zehnder interferometer 13, and pulse P1 and pulse P2 that the via second mach-zehnder interferometer 13 beam splitting was emergent transmit to electrically adjustable attenuator 14, via electrically adjustable attenuator 14 decay for light pulse P1 and light pulse P2; the optical pulse P1 and the optical pulse P2 pass through the optical fiber circulator 21 and then are transmitted to the first polarization beam splitter 22, the optical pulse P1 is decomposed into two polarized optical pulses perpendicular to each other through the first polarization beam splitter 22, that is, the polarized optical pulse P1H and the polarized optical pulse P1V, and the optical pulse P2 is decomposed into two polarized optical pulses perpendicular to each other through the first polarization beam splitter 22, that is, the polarized optical pulse P2H and the polarized optical pulse P2V; wherein polarized light pulse P1H and polarized light pulse P2H enter first beam splitter 27 from the upper path, and due to the beam splitting of first beam splitter 27, polarized light pulse P1H and polarized light pulse P2H are equally divided into two pulses and respectively pass through the long arm and short arm of first mach-zehnder interferometer 23, i.e., polarized light pulse P1H passes through the short arm, polarized light pulse P2H passes through the long arm, and polarized light pulse P1H and polarized light pulse P2H simultaneously reach second beam splitter 28 for interference after respectively passing through the short arm and long arm; similarly, polarized light pulse P1V and polarized light pulse P2V enter second beam splitter 28 from the downstream, and reach first beam splitter 27 via the short arm and the long arm, respectively, to interfere; after the polarized light pulse P1H and polarized light pulse P2H interfere at second beam splitter 28, the interference result is split into two components that are combined at first polarizing beam splitter 22 and second polarizing beam splitter 24, respectively; similarly, after the polarized light pulse P1V and the polarized light pulse P2V interfere at the first beam splitter 27, the interference result is divided into two components, and the two components are combined at the first polarization beam splitter 22 and the second polarization beam splitter 24, respectively; finally, the light pulses synthesized by the first polarization beam splitter 22 are measured by the first single-photon detector 25 to obtain a photon count, and the light pulses synthesized by the second polarization beam splitter 24 are measured by the second single-photon detector 26 to obtain a photon count.
The utility model discloses a receiving module 2's structure constitution sets up, can decompose the light pulse of input into two mutually perpendicular polarized light pulses via first polarization beam splitter 22 to after interfering respectively, synthesize at first polarization beam splitter 22 and second polarization beam splitter 23 respectively again, be equivalent to receiving module 2 has played the effect of an interferometer irrelevant with polarization; the polarization change does not affect the interference result, so that the channel polarization disturbance resistance is realized, the influence of the channel polarization disturbance on the distribution system is eliminated, and the stability of the distribution system is improved.
Meanwhile, the two separated polarized light pulses perpendicular to each other respectively pass through the first phase modulator 29 from opposite directions, which is equivalent to that the whole polarized light pulses only pass through one-time phase modulation, and the loss is not additionally increased, so that the distribution system can realize channel polarization disturbance resistance and maintain the high efficiency of the whole performance.
To sum up, the utility model provides an anti-polarization-disturbance's phase coding quantum key distribution system, it has eliminated the influence of channel polarization disturbance to distribution system, has improved distribution system's stability.
Claims (5)
1. A polarization-perturbation-resistant phase-encoded quantum key distribution system, characterized by: comprises a sending module (1) and a receiving module (2); the receiving module (2) comprises an optical fiber circulator (21), a first polarization beam splitter (22), a first Mach-Zehnder interferometer (23), a second polarization beam splitter (24), a first single-photon detector (25) and a second single-photon detector (26); the output end of the sending module (1) is connected with the input end of an optical fiber circulator (21), one output end of the optical fiber circulator (21) is connected with the input end of a first single-photon detector (25), the other output end of the optical fiber circulator (21) is bidirectionally connected with the input end of a first polarization beam splitter (22), two output ends of the first polarization beam splitter (22) are correspondingly and bidirectionally connected with two ends of a first Mach-Zehnder interferometer (23), the other two ends of the first Mach-Zehnder interferometer (23) are connected with the input end of a second polarization beam splitter (24), and the output end of the second polarization beam splitter (24) is connected with the input end of a second single-photon detector (26).
2. The polarization-perturbation-resistant phase-encoded quantum key distribution system of claim 1, wherein: the transmitting module (1) comprises a pulse laser (11), an intensity modulator (12), a second Mach-Zehnder interferometer (13) and an electrically adjustable attenuator (14); the output end of the pulse laser (11) is connected with the input end of the intensity modulator (12), the output end of the intensity modulator (12) is connected with one end of the second Mach-Zehnder interferometer (13), the other end of the second Mach-Zehnder interferometer (13) is connected with the input end of the electrically adjustable attenuator (14), and the output end of the electrically adjustable attenuator (14) is connected with the input end of the optical fiber circulator (21).
3. The polarization-perturbation-resistant phase-encoded quantum key distribution system of claim 2, wherein: the first Mach-Zehnder interferometer (23) and the second Mach-Zehnder interferometer (13) have the same structure; the first Mach-Zehnder interferometer (23) includes a first beam splitter (27), a second beam splitter (28), and a first phase modulator (29); the first end of the first beam splitter (27) is respectively connected with the first end of the second beam splitter (28) and one end of the first phase modulator (29) in a bidirectional mode, the other end of the first phase modulator (29) is connected with the first end of the second beam splitter (28) in a bidirectional mode, the second end of the second beam splitter (28) is connected with the output end of the first polarization beam splitter (22) in a bidirectional mode, the second end of the second beam splitter (28) is connected with the input end of the second polarization beam splitter (24), the second end of the first beam splitter (27) is connected with the output end of the first polarization beam splitter (22) in a bidirectional mode, and the second end of the first beam splitter (27) is connected with the input end of the second polarization beam splitter (24);
the second Mach-Zehnder interferometer (13) comprises a third beam splitter (15), a fourth beam splitter (16) and a second phase modulator (17); the output end of the third beam splitter (15) is respectively connected with the input ends of a fourth beam splitter (16) and a second phase modulator (17), the output end of the second phase modulator (17) is connected with the input end of the fourth beam splitter (16), the output end of the fourth beam splitter (16) is connected with the input end of an electrically adjustable attenuator (14), and the input end of the third beam splitter (15) is connected with the output end of an intensity modulator (12).
4. A polarization-perturbation-resistant phase-encoded quantum key distribution system according to claim 3, wherein: the first Mach-Zehnder interferometer (23) and the second Mach-Zehnder interferometer (13) both use unequal arm Mach-Zehnder interferometers.
5. The polarization-perturbation-resistant phase-encoded quantum key distribution system of claim 4, wherein: the connecting section of the first beam splitter (27) and the second beam splitter (28) which are directly connected is the short arm of the first Mach-Zehnder interferometer (23), and the connecting section of the first beam splitter (27) and the second beam splitter (28) which are connected through the first phase modulator (29) is the long arm of the first Mach-Zehnder interferometer (23); the connecting section of the third beam splitter (15) and the fourth beam splitter (16) which are directly connected is the short arm of the second Mach-Zehnder interferometer (13), and the connecting section of the third beam splitter (15) and the fourth beam splitter (16) which are connected through the second phase modulator (17) is the long arm of the second Mach-Zehnder interferometer (13).
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| CN201921175519.8U CN210112020U (en) | 2019-07-24 | 2019-07-24 | Anti-polarization-disturbance phase coding quantum key distribution system |
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| CN201921175519.8U CN210112020U (en) | 2019-07-24 | 2019-07-24 | Anti-polarization-disturbance phase coding quantum key distribution system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110430049A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-11-08 | 赵义博 | A kind of phase code quantum key distribution system of anti-polarization scrambling |
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- 2019-07-24 CN CN201921175519.8U patent/CN210112020U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110430049A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-11-08 | 赵义博 | A kind of phase code quantum key distribution system of anti-polarization scrambling |
| CN110430049B (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2024-01-23 | 赵义博 | Polarization disturbance resistant phase coding quantum key distribution system |
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Assignee: ZHEJIANG QUANTUM TECHNOLOGIES Co.,Ltd. Assignor: Zhao Yibo|Song Xiaotian Contract record no.: X2022330000342 Denomination of utility model: A Phase-Encoded Quantum Key Distribution System Against Polarization Disturbance Granted publication date: 20200221 License type: Common License Record date: 20220727 |
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Granted publication date: 20200221 Effective date of abandoning: 20240123 |
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