CN210107790U - Energy-saving heating system based on solar energy and wind energy - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a wind-solar hybrid heating system, which comprises a wind energy collecting device, an aerodynamic heating furnace and a PV/T heat collector; a throttle orifice plate and axial flow blades are arranged in the aerodynamic heating furnace; the power output end of the wind energy collecting device is connected with the power input end of the axial flow blade in a matching manner; the axial flow blades drive air in the aerodynamic heating furnace to pass through the throttling orifice plate for friction heating; the air outlet end of the aerodynamic heating furnace is communicated with the air inlet end of the PV/T heat collector; the inlet temperature of the air energy heat pump is improved by organically combining wind energy and light energy, so that the energy efficiency coefficient, the working reliability and the heat utilization efficiency of the air energy heat pump under the low-temperature condition are improved.

Description

Energy-saving heating system based on solar energy and wind energy

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a wind energy utilization field, solar energy utilization field and air can utilize the field, concretely relates to energy-saving heating system based on solar energy and wind energy.

Background

The current energy and environmental problems are increasingly serious, and various clean energy sources are rapidly developed. Air energy is used as a pollution-free, easily available and inexhaustible energy source and is widely applied to a plurality of fields such as hot water, heating, refrigeration and the like.

The air energy heat pump is energy-saving, environment-friendly and economical equipment, but the equipment generally has the problem of poor low-temperature environment adaptability, and the heat efficiency is very low or even the equipment cannot be applied to cold regions. At present, the latest trend in the aspect of domestic air heating is mainly to drive an impeller to rotate an aerodynamic heating furnace by adopting a motor, the impeller and air generate heat through friction to heat the air, and meanwhile, the rotation of the impeller is utilized to push the air in a furnace cavity to circularly flow, so that the temperature in the whole furnace cavity is continuously increased, and the heating is realized. The practical application proves that the aerodynamic heating furnace has the advantages of high thermal efficiency, low energy consumption, high temperature control precision, uniform temperature field in the furnace, no need of electric heating elements, good equipment safety and the like. The aerodynamic heating furnace, the method for generating heat energy (patent number: 200910021648.6) and the aerodynamic heating furnace (patent number: 201721740321.0) both use the motor drive as the power source of the heating furnace, the electric energy consumption is large, and the energy-saving effect is not obvious; and a wind energy heating system (patent number: 201820126602.5) only depends on wind energy to heat, is greatly influenced by wind speed, has small air temperature rise and has limited practicability. Meanwhile, the enhanced vapor injection air conditioning unit (patent number: CN201710042227.6) simply uses the air to exchange heat with the refrigerant flow, and the energy-saving effect is limited.

In consideration of the defects that the efficiency improving mode of the air energy heat pump in China is mainly electric energy and consumes too much energy, and the characteristics of wind energy and solar energy resources in China are combined, an energy-saving heating system with high heat efficiency based on solar energy and wind energy needs to be invented.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the not enough of existence among the prior art, the utility model provides a high energy-saving heating system based on solar energy and wind energy of thermal efficiency.

The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model discloses an energy-saving heating system based on solar energy and wind energy, which comprises a wind energy collecting device, an aerodynamic heating furnace and a PV/T heat collector; the wind energy collecting device comprises a first transmission shaft and a rotating blade; the rotary blades are provided with a plurality of layers along the length direction of the first transmission shaft; a throttle orifice plate and axial flow blades are arranged in the aerodynamic heating furnace; the first transmission shaft is connected with the second transmission shaft in a matching way through a speed-increasing regulator; the axial flow blades drive air in the aerodynamic heating furnace to pass through the throttling orifice plate for friction heating; and the air outlet end of the aerodynamic heating furnace is communicated with the air inlet end of the PV/T heat collector.

Further, the PV/T collector comprises a heat absorbing plate and a solar panel; the heat absorbing plate is attached to the lower part of the solar cell panel; the part of the heat absorbing plate corresponding to the gap between the solar cell panels is provided with a heat absorbing material; a heat conduction pipe set is arranged on one side of the heat absorption plate, which is back to the solar cell panel; the air outlet end of the aerodynamic heating furnace is communicated with the heat conduction pipe set; the air outlet end of the aerodynamic heating furnace is also provided with a semiconductor heater; and the power input end of the semiconductor heater is electrically connected with the power output end of the solar cell panel.

Furthermore, a plurality of throttle orifice plates are distributed at intervals in the aerodynamic heating furnace along the height direction of the aerodynamic heating furnace; a second transmission shaft is also arranged in the aerodynamic heating furnace; the second transmission shaft is arranged along the height direction of the aerodynamic heating furnace and penetrates through the throttling orifice plate; and the plurality of axial flow blades are arranged on the second transmission shaft and correspond to gaps between adjacent throttle orifice plates.

Furthermore, the rotating blades are of a bent blade vertical shaft type lifting force type and drive air in the aerodynamic heating furnace to flow downwards along the height direction.

Further, the heat conduction pipe set comprises a plurality of branch pipes; the adjacent branch pipes are connected end to form an S-shaped air path channel; the middle section of the air passage is communicated with a dust filter; the dust filtering device comprises a ventilation cavity, a filter screen and a sewage collecting cavity; the ventilation cavity is communicated with the branch pipe; the filter screen is hinged with the side surface of the ventilation cavity, and the upper end and the lower end of the ventilation cavity are curved surfaces and are attached to the rotating path of the edge of the filter screen; an exhaust port is arranged on the side wall of the ventilation cavity; a sealing piston is arranged in the exhaust port; the sewage collecting cavity is communicated with the air outlet; the sewage collecting cavity is formed by enclosing a filter screen; the ventilation cavity is embedded with a first sealing block and a second sealing block on two sides along the wind path direction.

Furthermore, a conduit is communicated between the aerodynamic heating furnace and the heat conduction pipe group; the catheter comprises an adapter plate, a first tube body and a second tube body; the adapter plate is provided with a first interface and a second interface; the first interface and the second interface are respectively connected with two ends of the heat conduction pipe set; the first pipe body and the second pipe body rotate around the symmetrical axes of the first pipe body and the second pipe body, and the rotating path facing one side of the adapter disc corresponds to the positions of the first interface and the second interface; one end of the first pipe body, which is far away from the adapter plate, is communicated with an air outlet end of the aerodynamic heating furnace; one end of the second pipe body, which is far away from the adapter plate, is communicated with the air inlet end of the air using equipment.

Has the advantages that: the utility model relates to an energy-saving heating system based on solar energy and wind energy, which comprises a wind energy collecting device, an aerodynamic heating furnace and a PV/T heat collector; a throttle orifice plate and axial flow blades are arranged in the aerodynamic heating furnace; the power output end of the wind energy collecting device is connected with the power input end of the axial flow blade in a matching manner; the axial flow blades drive air in the aerodynamic heating furnace to pass through the throttling orifice plate for friction heating; the air outlet end of the aerodynamic heating furnace is communicated with the air inlet end of the PV/T heat collector; the inlet temperature of the air energy heat pump is improved by organically combining wind energy and light energy, so that the energy efficiency coefficient, the working reliability and the heat utilization efficiency of the air energy heat pump under the low-temperature condition are improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a heating system;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the heating system as a whole;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an orifice plate configuration;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a dust filter;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a catheter configuration;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the heat absorbing plate.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

An energy-saving heating system based on solar energy and wind energy is shown in attached figures 1 and 2 and comprises a wind energy collecting device 1, an aerodynamic heating furnace 8 and a PV/T heat collector 15; a throttle orifice plate 6 and axial flow blades 7 are arranged in the aerodynamic heating furnace 8; the power output end of the wind energy collecting device 1 is connected with the power input end of the axial flow blade 7 in a matching way; the axial flow blades 7 drive air in the aerodynamic heating furnace 8 to pass through the orifice plate 6 for friction heating; the air outlet end of the aerodynamic heating furnace 8 is communicated with the air inlet end of the PV/T heat collector 15, the heated air enters the PV/T heat collector 15 to be further heated and is finally transmitted to air-energy heat pumps and other air-using equipment, and the initial temperature of the air is increased, so that the power consumption of the air-using equipment in heating is greatly reduced, and the energy-saving effect is achieved; the power source of the aerodynamic heating furnace 8 is the wind energy collected by the wind energy collecting device 1, so that the dependence of the traditional air energy equipment on a motor is eliminated, and the energy conservation and environmental protection are realized in a real sense; for the problem that the output stability and the output quantity of wind energy are not as stable as a motor, the PV/T heat collector 15 carries out secondary heating on air before being input into the air-using equipment by means of solar energy in the scheme, so that the overall heating capacity of the heating system is enhanced, and the practicability and the energy-saving effect of the system are obviously improved.

The PV/T collector 15 comprises a heat absorbing plate 13 and a solar panel 14, and the components are kept stable in position through a support frame 17 and a bearing shell 18; the surface of the sun-facing side of the solar cell panel 14 is provided with the glass cover plate 12, so that the solar cell panel can be protected from being scratched and impacted; the heat absorbing plate 13 is attached to the lower part of the solar cell panel 14, and transfers heat emitted by the solar cell panel 14 during working to the heat absorbing plate; the part of the heat absorbing plate 13 corresponding to the gap between the solar panels 14 is provided with a dark heat absorbing material, so that the heat accumulated in unit time can be further increased; a heat conduction pipe set 16 is arranged on one side of the heat absorption plate 13, which is back to the solar cell panel 14, and can conduct heat on the heat absorption plate 13 to the pipe wall; the air outlet end of the aerodynamic heating furnace 8 is particularly communicated with the heat conduction pipe set 16, and air is contacted with the pipe wall when passing through the heat conduction pipe set 16, so that the temperature is increased, and the aim of heating the air is fulfilled; the air outlet end of the aerodynamic heating furnace 8 is also provided with a semiconductor heater 9; the power input end of the semiconductor heater 9 is electrically connected with the power output end of the solar panel 14, the hot end of the semiconductor is arranged in the aerodynamic heating furnace 8, and the cold end of the semiconductor is arranged outside the aerodynamic heating furnace 8; the solar battery is used for providing electric energy for the semiconductor, and the semiconductor generates the Peltier effect to heat the hot end, so that the air flowing out of the aerodynamic heating furnace 8 can be heated, and the heating effect of a heating system and the adaptability of a low-temperature environment are improved; seven semiconductors are circumferentially arranged at the bottom of the furnace body; the whole furnace wall adopts a double-layer heat preservation structure, the guide pipe adopts a rock wool pipe for heat preservation, and the back and the side of the PV/T heat collector 15 adopt glass fiber for heat preservation, so that energy loss is prevented.

The wind energy collecting device 1 comprises a first transmission shaft 2 and a rotating blade 3, and the rotating blade 3 rotates under the action of wind power so as to drive the first transmission shaft 2 to rotate synchronously; the rotating blades 3 are provided with a plurality of layers along the length direction of the first transmission shaft 2, and the number of layers of the blades can be reasonably adjusted according to the local wind power, so that the obtained wind power can be sufficiently heated for use; a plurality of throttle orifice plates 6 are distributed at intervals in the aerodynamic heating furnace 8 along the height direction of the aerodynamic heating furnace; a second transmission shaft 5 which is stabilized through a fixing frame 11 is also arranged in the aerodynamic heating furnace 8; the first transmission shaft 2 is connected with the second transmission shaft 5 in a matching way through a speed-increasing regulator 4; the speed-increasing regulator 4 can adopt a speed-changing gear set to realize the conversion from low speed to high speed between the first transmission shaft 2 and the second transmission shaft 5; the second transmission shaft 5 is arranged along the height direction of the aerodynamic heating furnace 8 and penetrates through the orifice plate 6; the axial flow blades 7 are arranged on the second transmission shaft 5 and correspond to gaps between adjacent throttle orifice plates 6; the axial flow blades 7 blow air at the top of the aerodynamic heating furnace 8 downwards, the air is heated by friction when passing through the throttling orifice plates 6, the hot air is finally conveyed out from the bottom of the aerodynamic heating furnace 8 through the step-by-step heating of the multiple layers of throttling orifice plates 6, and the direct conversion between wind energy and heat energy can effectively reduce energy loss and improve energy efficiency coefficient.

During actual installation, the wind energy collecting device 1 can be placed at the top of a building, so that a support for lifting the height is omitted, and the barrel is fixed on the building by using expansion screws for punching during installation, so that good ventilation is ensured, and the safety is high enough; the rotating blades 3 are of a bent blade vertical shaft type lifting force type, air in the aerodynamic heating furnace 8 is driven to flow downwards along the height direction, and the dead weight of part of equipment can be offset by reverse thrust generated by the air, so that the running abrasion of the equipment during rotation is reduced, the service life is prolonged, and the maintenance cost is reduced.

The working principle of the system is as follows: 1) the wind energy collector is driven by wind energy to rotate so as to provide kinetic energy for the heating furnace; 2) the rotating speed obtained by the wind energy collector is increased to the speed required by the axial flow blades through the speed increasing device, and is transmitted to the heating furnace through the transmission shaft; 3) the aerodynamic heating furnace based on the principle of frictional heat generation rotates at a high speed through the axial flow blades, and high-temperature air is generated through friction; 4) the semiconductor at the bottom of the furnace body heats the heated air by using the Poert effect, and the required electric energy is sourced from a PV/T solar panel; 5) heated air enters the PV/T heat collector, and is finally heated by utilizing the heat radiation of solar energy, so that the air temperature is increased, and the wind and light combination and the complementary advantages are realized, and the use is convenient. The output end of the PV/T heat collector is connected with the air inlet end of the air energy heat pump through the shell, and high-temperature air is used as initial air of the air energy heat pump to improve the air temperature of the air inlet of the air energy heat pump, so that the energy conversion efficiency of the air energy heat pump is improved, and the application range of the air energy heat pump is expanded.

The heat transfer tube set 16 includes a plurality of branch tubes 161; the adjacent branch pipes 161 are connected end to form an S-shaped air path channel, and the air from the aerodynamic heating furnace 8 is fully subjected to heat exchange with the branch pipes 161 in the S-shaped air path channel, so that the air is fully heated; as shown in fig. 4, a dust filter 162 is disposed in the middle of the air passage; the dust filtering device 162 comprises a ventilation cavity 101, a filter screen 102 and a dirt collecting cavity 103; the ventilation cavity 101 is communicated with the branch pipe 161; the filter screen 102 is hinged with the side surface of the ventilation cavity 101, the upper end and the lower end of the ventilation cavity 101 are curved surfaces and are attached to the rotating path of the edge of the filter screen 102; when the air passes through the filter screen 102, the carried dust particles are screened down, so that the cleanliness of the air supply of the heating system is ensured; an air outlet 104 is arranged on the side wall of the ventilation cavity 101; a sealing piston 105 is arranged in the exhaust port 104, and the piston reciprocates between the exhaust port and the sewage collecting cavity 103 as shown by a double-headed arrow in the figure to control the opening and closing of the channel; the sewage collecting cavity 103 is communicated with the exhaust port 104; the sewage collecting cavity 103 is formed by enclosing filter screens; a first closing block 106 and a second closing block 107 are embedded in the ventilation cavity 101 on two sides along the air path direction; the air path is blocked by moving a sealing block at one side of the air outlet of the ventilation cavity 101, and then the cavity space is divided into an upper part and a lower part by rotating the filter screen 102; after entering the dirt collecting cavity 103, the air can directly escape into the air, and dust particles are accumulated in the cavity, so that the workers only need to replace and clean periodically.

As shown in fig. 5, a duct 19 is arranged between the aerodynamic heating furnace 8 and the heat conduction pipe set 16; the catheter 19 comprises an adapter plate 191, a first tube 192 and a second tube 193; the adapter plate 191 is provided with a first interface 194 and a second interface 195; the first interface 194 and the second interface 195 are respectively connected to two ends of the heat conduction pipe set 16; the first pipe 192 and the second pipe 193 rotate around the symmetry axes of the first pipe and the second pipe, and the rotation path facing one side of the adapter plate 191 corresponds to the positions of the first port 194 and the second port 195; one end of the first pipe 192, which is far away from the adapter plate 191, is communicated with the air outlet end of the aerodynamic heating furnace 8; one end, far away from the adapter plate 191, of the second pipe 193 is communicated with an air inlet end of air-using equipment; through the rotation of the first pipe 192 and the second pipe 193, the switching of the air inlet of the heat conduction pipe set 16 between the two ends is completed, so that the phenomenon of filter screen blockage caused by filtering dust on one side is effectively avoided, and the equipment maintenance cost is greatly saved.

As shown in fig. 6, the heat absorbing plate 13 includes a first plate 131, a second plate 132 and a clamping member 133; the second plate 132 is fixedly arranged on one side of the first plate 131, which faces away from the solar cell panel 14; the heat conduction pipe set 16 is arranged between the first plate body 131 and the second plate body 132; the clamping piece 133 is attached to the branch pipe 161 and fixedly connected with the first plate 131 and the second plate 132; the clamping piece 133 surrounds the tube wall of the branch tube 161, so that the heat exchange area between the heat absorbing plate 13 and the heat pipe is remarkably increased, and the heating efficiency is improved.

The second plate 132 is made of a heat insulating material to prevent heat from dissipating; the clamping member 133 is made of graphite and is fixed to the first plate 131 by brazing.

The invention takes the example that the air temperature is increased from minus 15 ℃ to 15 ℃ and then is supplied to a family of five families with 1.5P air source heat pumps, 1.003 ℃ of electricity can be saved per hour, and by taking thermal power generation of burning coal as reference, 0.40 kg of standard coal is theoretically saved, and simultaneously 0.29 kg of dust, 0.84 kg of carbon dioxide, 0.032 kg of sulfur dioxide and 0.021 kg of nitrogen oxide which are discharged by pollutants are reduced. Compared with the traditional water heater, 5298.57-degree electricity can be saved in one year, which is equivalent to 2140.62 kg of standard coal, and the pollutant emission is reduced by 1337.89 kg of dust, 5351.56 kg of carbon dioxide, 160.55 kg of sulfur dioxide and 80.27 kg of nitrogen oxide.

Taking a water heater used in inner Mongolia areas as an example, after a 1 family adopts a novel wind energy heating system based on an aerodynamic heating furnace, the cost of electricity is calculated by 0.55 yuan at 1 degree, and 2649.29 yuan can be saved every year. Taking the annual demand of the whole area as an example, compared with the traditional electric heater, the traditional air energy water heater can save 3.2 million yuan compared with the electric heating water heater by calculating the electricity cost of 0.55 yuan at 1 ℃, and the air energy water heater after the initial temperature is increased can save 3.24 million yuan compared with the traditional air energy water heater.

Therefore, compared with the existing air energy equipment, the heating system has the advantages of higher energy utilization rate, better environment adaptability, more obvious energy-saving effect and very wide popularization and application prospect.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that: for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. An energy-saving heating system based on solar energy and wind energy, its characterized in that: comprises a wind energy collecting device (1), an aerodynamic heating furnace (8) and a PV/T heat collector (15); the wind energy collecting device (1) comprises a first transmission shaft (2) and a rotating blade (3); the rotary blades (3) are provided with a plurality of layers along the length direction of the first transmission shaft (2); a throttle orifice plate (6) and axial flow blades (7) are arranged in the aerodynamic heating furnace (8); the first transmission shaft (2) is connected with the second transmission shaft (5) in a matching way through a speed-increasing regulator (4); the axial flow blades (7) drive air in the aerodynamic heating furnace (8) to pass through the orifice plate (6) for friction heating; and the air outlet end of the aerodynamic heating furnace (8) is communicated with the air inlet end of the PV/T heat collector (15).

2. The energy-saving heating system based on solar energy and wind energy as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the PV/T collector (15) comprises a heat absorbing plate (13) and a solar panel (14); the heat absorbing plate (13) is attached to and arranged below the solar cell panel (14); the part of the heat absorbing plate (13) corresponding to the gap between the solar panels (14) is provided with a heat absorbing material; a heat conduction pipe set (16) is arranged on one side of the heat absorption plate (13) back to the solar cell panel (14); the air outlet end of the aerodynamic heating furnace (8) is particularly communicated with the heat pipe group (16); the air outlet end of the aerodynamic heating furnace (8) is also provided with a semiconductor heater (9); the power input end of the semiconductor heater (9) is electrically connected with the power output end of the solar panel (14).

3. The solar and wind energy based energy efficient heating system of claim 2, wherein: the throttle orifice plates (6) are distributed at intervals in the aerodynamic heating furnace (8) along the height direction of the aerodynamic heating furnace; a second transmission shaft (5) is also arranged in the aerodynamic heating furnace (8); the second transmission shaft (5) is arranged along the height direction of the aerodynamic heating furnace (8) and penetrates through the orifice plate (6); the axial flow blades (7) are arranged on the second transmission shaft (5) and correspond to gaps between adjacent throttle orifice plates (6).

4. The solar and wind energy based energy efficient heating system of claim 3, wherein: the rotating blades (3) are of a bent blade vertical shaft type lifting force type and drive air in the aerodynamic heating furnace (8) to flow downwards along the height direction.

5. The solar and wind energy based energy efficient heating system of claim 3, wherein: the heat conduction pipe set (16) comprises a plurality of branch pipes (161); the adjacent branch pipes (161) are connected end to form an S-shaped air passage; a dust filter (162) is communicated with the middle section of the air passage; the dust filtering device (162) comprises a ventilation cavity (101), a filter screen (102) and a dirt collecting cavity (103); the ventilation cavity (101) is communicated with the branch pipe (161); the filter screen (102) is hinged with the side surface of the ventilation cavity (101), the upper end and the lower end of the ventilation cavity (101) are curved surfaces, and the curved surfaces are attached to the rotating path of the edge of the filter screen (102); an exhaust port (104) is arranged on the side wall of the ventilation cavity (101); a sealing piston (105) is arranged in the exhaust port (104); the sewage collecting cavity (103) is communicated with the exhaust port (104); the sewage collecting cavity (103) is formed by enclosing a filter screen; the ventilation cavity (101) is embedded with a first sealing block (106) and a second sealing block (107) on two sides along the air path direction.

6. The solar and wind energy based energy efficient heating system of claim 5, wherein: a conduit (19) is communicated between the aerodynamic heating furnace (8) and the heat conduction pipe set (16); the catheter (19) comprises an adapter plate (191), a first tube (192) and a second tube (193); the adapter plate (191) is provided with a first interface (194) and a second interface (195); the first interface (194) and the second interface (195) are respectively connected with two ends of the heat conduction pipe set (16); the first pipe (192) and the second pipe (193) rotate around the symmetry axes of the first pipe and the second pipe, and the rotation path facing one side of the adapter plate (191) corresponds to the positions of the first interface (194) and the second interface (195);

one end of the first pipe body (192) far away from the adapter plate (191) is communicated with an air outlet end of the aerodynamic heating furnace (8);

one end, far away from the adapter plate (191), of the second pipe body (193) is communicated with the air inlet end of the air using equipment.

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