CN210100803U

CN210100803U - Hydraulic rod pressing machine

Info

Publication number: CN210100803U
Application number: CN201821678582.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴忠良; 郑浩; 谭志新
Original assignee: Shenzhen Greatpack Intelligent Equipment Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Greatpack Intelligent Equipment Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-10-15
Filing date: 2018-10-15
Publication date: 2020-02-21
Anticipated expiration: 2028-10-15

Abstract

A hydraulic rod pressing machine comprises a storage bin, a feeding device, a blanking mechanism and a forming mechanism; the feeding device, the blanking mechanism and the forming mechanism of the hydraulic rod pressing machine of the utility model can be matched to form a plurality of groups of finished products at one time, and the efficiency is high; the blanking device adopts the configuration of the blanking hopper, the pressure head, the connecting pipe and the piston rod which are all made of conventional materials, and does not adopt special materials, thereby reducing the variety and the number of parts and greatly reducing the manufacturing cost of equipment; the material is pressed into the connecting pipe by the pressing head, so that the material is conveniently cut by the pressing head; the blanking mechanism adopts a pressing block with an adjustable angle, so that the problems of frequent material blockage of a common bar pressing machine and difficulty in material blockage removal are solved; simultaneously, increase substantially the reliability of equipment, the problem that current pressure stick machine exists if: putty, spare part fracture scheduling problem satisfy various different materials and press excellent work, for example: the long and short plant stems or dust, over-dried or over-wetted bulk materials and the like have wider applicability.

Description

Hydraulic rod pressing machine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a hydraulic type bar pressing machine.

Background

At present, rod pressing equipment (for performing solid compression on bulk materials) is produced at home and abroad, and the equipment is generally called a rod pressing machine or a briquetting machine. Classified from the extrusion method, there are three main types: mechanical (flywheel) extrusion, hydraulic extrusion and screw extrusion.

The rod press or the briquetting machine can extrude the bulk materials into solid (round rod or square rod), the rod press is based on the principle that when the bulk materials pass through a pipeline (forming sleeve), a channel (sectional area) at the outlet of the front end of the pipeline becomes small enough and can block the forward movement of the materials, and the bulk materials are gradually compressed into solid under the pushing and extruding of an extruding mechanism (comprising a driving mechanism, an extruding rod and a punch head) and extruded out of the channel opening.

A mechanical (flywheel) type bar press is characterized in that a large flywheel is driven by a motor, inertia of the flywheel drives a group of connecting rods to push and pull a round extrusion rod, the extrusion rod makes reciprocating linear motion in a closed circular tube, and meanwhile bulk materials falling from a storage bin are extruded to a front outlet. The front end of the round pipe is installed on the forming sleeve, the forming sleeve is usually designed into an inner conical pipe with an outlet inner diameter continuously reduced, and the size of the outlet inner diameter is manually adjusted through a large nut. After the material is extruded from the inside, it is extruded into a round solid (round bar) in a forming sleeve and extruded out of a forming sleeve opening.

The hydraulic rod press drives a piston rod (an extrusion rod) through a hydraulic cylinder, the piston rod extrudes bulk materials into an extrusion cavity and a forming sleeve, the forming sleeve is designed by alloy spring steel and is in a hollow cylinder shape, and long slits of about 5mm are cut at two sides of the forming sleeve upwards at a distance of 50mm from a root part. A group of clamp oil cylinders are arranged at the outer section of the forming sleeve, and when the device works, the clamp oil cylinders clamp the forming sleeve to enable the outlet of the forming sleeve to be smaller. The material is extruded into a round solid (round rod) when moving in the forming sleeve and is extruded out of the forming sleeve opening.

The screw extrusion type rod pressing machine drives an extrusion screw to rotate in a pipeline through a motor, a forming sleeve is installed at an outlet of the pipeline, the screw continuously extrudes bulk materials forwards, and the bulk materials are extruded into solid and fall under the action of the forming sleeve.

At present, the bar pressing machines at home and abroad have some problems and defects.

The mechanical bar press has the main disadvantages:

1. the extrusion force is not adjustable, and the tightness of the pressing rod is not adjustable;

2. the extrusion resistance is unknown, the resistance of the forming sleeve is fixed, the automatic adjustment can not be realized according to the extrusion resistance, and the material is easy to block.

3. The rod press has poor adaptability.

4. The connecting rod mechanism is complex and needs to be forcedly filled with lubricating oil.

5. Only can be a single-machine single-head rod pressing machine, and the rod pressing machine has small capacity.

(II) the main disadvantages of the hydraulic rod pressing machine are as follows:

1. reliability is still poor, such as: often blockage, forming sleeve fracture, drift fracture, hydraulic system trouble and oil leak etc..

2. The forming sleeve material must be made of special materials, and has high heat treatment requirements, if the heat treatment is not closed, the workpiece has uneven internal stress, and the workpiece is easy to break in use.

3. The material and manufacturing cost is too high, and the variety of parts is too many.

4. The requirements on the components of the material of the pressing rod are high, such as the tobacco stems cannot be pressed and the dust with too high or too low moisture content.

(III) the spiral rod pressing machine has the main defects that:

1. the extrusion screw is easily worn and the replacement cost of spare parts is high.

2. The resistance of the forming sleeve can not be automatically adjusted, and the material is easily blocked.

3. Is sensitive to the moisture and the thickness of the extruded material, and has poor applicability.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

For overcoming the defects of the prior art, the utility model provides a hydraulic rod pressing machine.

The utility model provides a technical scheme does:

a hydraulic rod pressing machine comprises a storage bin, a feeding device, a blanking mechanism and a forming mechanism;

the feeding device is used for pushing the materials in the storage bin to the upper part of the blanking mechanism so that the materials fall into the blanking mechanism;

the blanking mechanism comprises a blanking hopper, a pressure head, a connecting pipe and a piston rod; the top of the blanking hopper is a material storage part, the bottom of the blanking hopper is a receiving opening, the receiving opening is communicated with the open top of the connecting pipe, the pressure head is used for pressing the material in the blanking hopper into the connecting pipe, the piston rod is arranged at the rear part of the connecting pipe, and the piston rod is used for pushing the material in the connecting pipe to the forming mechanism;

the forming mechanism comprises a forming groove, a hydraulic mechanism and a pressing block; the forming groove is communicated with the connecting pipe, the top of the forming groove is open, one end of the pressing block is arranged at the upper part of the forming groove through a pin shaft and is positioned at one side where the material enters the forming groove, and the other end of the pressing block can be deeply arranged in the forming groove through a hydraulic mechanism.

Preferably, one end of the hydraulic mechanism is arranged on the fixing plate through a pin shaft, and the other end of the hydraulic mechanism is arranged on the pressing block through a pin shaft.

Preferably, the cross section of the forming groove is a rectangle, a polygon or a circle with an open top, and the cross section of the part of the pressing block penetrating into the forming groove is configured correspondingly according to the cross section of the forming groove.

Preferably, the outer diameter of a pressure head of the blanking mechanism, the inner diameter of the connecting pipe and the inner diameter of the containing opening are the same;

the side of the pressure head is a shear surface.

Preferably, the cross section of the pressure head is semicircular.

Preferably, the end of the piston rod for pushing the material is provided with a hard alloy punch, and an elastic member is arranged between the hard alloy punch and the piston rod.

Preferably, the pressure head and the piston rod are both driven by a bidirectional hydraulic cylinder driving system, and the bidirectional hydraulic cylinder driving system comprises a hydraulic oil cooling device.

Preferably, the feeding device is a spiral feeder, and the two blanking mechanisms are in one group and at least one group is configured; one spiral feeder corresponds to one group of blanking mechanisms; the two blanking mechanisms of one group are respectively and oppositely arranged at two sides of the spiral feeder, the spiral feeder respectively conveys materials into the blanking mechanisms through positive and negative rotation, a connecting pipe and a piston rod are shared between the two opposite blanking mechanisms, and the piston rod pushes the materials into the corresponding forming mechanism when moving left and right; and each blanking mechanism is respectively provided with a corresponding forming mechanism.

Preferably, the middle part of the storage bin comprises a scraping and rotating mechanism driven by a motor.

The utility model has the advantages that:

the feeding device, the blanking mechanism and the forming mechanism of the hydraulic rod pressing machine of the utility model can be matched to form a plurality of groups of finished products at one time, and the efficiency is high; the blanking device adopts the configuration of the blanking hopper, the pressure head, the connecting pipe and the piston rod which are all made of conventional materials, and does not adopt special materials, thereby reducing the variety and the number of parts and greatly reducing the manufacturing cost of equipment; the material is pressed into the connecting pipe by the pressing head, so that the material is conveniently cut by the pressing head; the blanking mechanism adopts a pressing block with an adjustable angle, so that the problems of frequent material blockage of a common bar pressing machine and difficulty in material blockage removal are solved; simultaneously, increase substantially the reliability of equipment, the problem that current pressure stick machine exists if: putty, spare part fracture scheduling problem satisfy various different materials and press excellent work, for example: the long and short plant stems or dust, over-dried or over-wetted bulk materials and the like have wider applicability.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a hydraulic bar press of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a blanking mechanism part (left blanking mechanism view in fig. 1) of the hydraulic rod pressing machine of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the blanking mechanism of the hydraulic rod pressing machine in the second direction according to the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the working process of the blanking mechanism of the hydraulic rod pressing machine of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a piston rod of the hydraulic rod press of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a forming mechanism of the hydraulic rod press of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the working process of the hydraulic rod press of the present invention when the forming groove is circular;

fig. 8 is a schematic view of the working process of the hydraulic rod press according to the present invention when the forming groove is rectangular.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings, and as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a hydraulic rod pressing machine comprises a storage bin 1, a feeding device 2, a blanking mechanism 3 and a forming mechanism 4;

the feeding device 2 is used for pushing the materials in the storage bin 1 to the upper part of the blanking mechanism 3 so that the materials fall into the blanking mechanism 3; the storage bin 1 is made of carbon steel, the upper part of the storage bin is of a rectangular structure, the lower part of the storage bin is of a funnel structure, the width of two sides of the funnel and the angle of a central perpendicular line are not more than 30 degrees, and bulk materials can automatically slide down conveniently. Three groups of material level sensors can be arranged above the storage bin body of the storage bin 1 and used for detecting the height of materials in the bin, and automatic instruction equipment carries out commands such as standby, starting up or stopping.

The feeding device 2 is a spiral feeder, the spiral feeder adopts a hydraulic motor to drive a slender spiral body, the material is conveyed to the openings of the blanking mechanisms 3 at two sides through positive and negative rotation, and the purpose of accurately controlling the feeding is achieved by accurately controlling the starting and stopping time of the hydraulic motor through an electromagnetic valve.

As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the blanking mechanism 3 includes a blanking hopper 5, a pressure head 6, a connecting pipe 7 and a piston rod 8; the top of the blanking hopper 5 is a material storage part which is a funnel-shaped structure and is finally accommodated in an accommodating port 10, namely the bottom of the blanking hopper 5 is the accommodating port 10, the accommodating port 10 is communicated with the open top of the connecting pipe 7, the pressure head 6 is used for pressing the material in the blanking hopper 5 into the connecting pipe 7 through a hydraulic mechanism 11, the outer diameter of the pressure head 6 of the blanking mechanism 3, the inner diameter 7 of the connecting pipe and the inner diameter of the accommodating port 10 are all the same, and the side part of the pressure head 6 is a shearing surface and is matched with the inner diameter 7 of the connecting pipe to cut the material; in order to facilitate cutting, the section of the pressure head 6 is semicircular.

As shown in fig. 5, the piston rod 8 is disposed at the rear of the connecting pipe 7, so that the material stored in the connecting pipe 7 is pushed out when the piston rod 8 moves, and the piston rod 8 is used for pushing the material in the connecting pipe 7 to the forming mechanism 4; the end part of the piston rod 8 used for pushing the materials is provided with a hard alloy punch 9, an elastic piece 12 is arranged between the hard alloy punch 9 and the piston rod 8, and the hard alloy punch 9 and the piston rod 8 are connected together through a bolt 13.

The hard alloy punch 9 is an important part for extruding and forming bulk materials and bears the worst working conditions. The punch breakage is one of the most common faults of a common bar pressing machine, an elastic part 12 cushion block is additionally arranged between the hard alloy punch 9 and the piston rod 8, the non-parallel gaps between the end face of the hard alloy punch 9 and the end face of the piston rod 8 due to processing errors are compensated, and the four bolts 13 are simultaneously designed for connection, so that the stress uniformity of the punch is improved, the service life of the punch is prolonged, and the problem that the punch of the common bar pressing machine is broken frequently is solved; and the punch of the general rod press is directly connected with the piston rod or the extrusion rod, and the stress is uneven, so the punch is easy to break.

In order to realize one-group multi-output, two blanking mechanisms 3 are in one group, and at least one group is configured; one of the screw feeders corresponds to one group of blanking mechanisms 3; the two blanking mechanisms 3 of one group are respectively and oppositely arranged at two sides of the spiral feeder, the spiral feeder respectively conveys materials into the blanking mechanisms 3 through positive and negative rotation, a connecting pipe 7 and a piston rod 8 are shared between the two opposite blanking mechanisms 3, and the piston rod 8 pushes the materials into the corresponding forming mechanism 4 when moving left and right; each blanking mechanism 3 is respectively provided with a corresponding forming mechanism, so that double-outlet pressure bars or four-outlet pressure bars can be realized, when the four-outlet pressure bars are adopted, two feeding devices 2 are provided, four blanking mechanisms 3 and four forming mechanisms 4 can be adopted, two shared connecting pipes 7 and piston rods 8 are used, and one storage bin 1 and a hydraulic pump station are shared; the middle part of the storage bin 1 comprises a scraping and rotating mechanism driven by a motor, so that the materials are more uniform and the sharpening effect is achieved. Meanwhile, the pressure head 6 and the piston rod 8 are both driven by a bidirectional hydraulic cylinder driving system, and the bidirectional hydraulic cylinder driving system comprises a hydraulic oil cooling device.

As shown in fig. 4, when the device is in operation, the spiral feeder at the lower part of the storage bin 1 can accurately control the feeding amount to be fed into the blanking mechanism 3, at this time, the hydraulic mechanism 11 controls the pressure head 6 to lift up, and the material directly falls into the receiving opening 10 and the connecting pipe 7 from the upper part of the blanking hopper 5; then the hydraulic mechanism 11 controls the pressure head 6 to be pressed downwards, the material below the pressure head 6 is pressed into the connecting pipe 7, and the pressure head 6 and the connecting pipe 7 are in a circular pipe type closed state.

The pressure head 6 is a semicircle structure, and its circle diameter is the same with the internal diameter size of connecting pipe 7, and its side cut is sharp, can play the function of shearing, and it can be with taking in mouthful 10 inner walls cooperation can be propped up the plant stalk of growing on the drum inner wall with the arch bridge shape and cut off in the lump and press in the connecting pipe 7, so prevent card material or cause the ejection of compact not in the same direction as.

The pressure head 6 and the connecting pipe 7 are in a circular pipe type closed state, so that the hard alloy punch 9 is mainly subjected to axial acting force and reacting force (front and back stress) when being extruded forwards in the closed circular pipe, the radial force (the force for shearing long-stem plants and hanging and arching side walls in a transverse direction) applied to the piston rod or the extrusion rod is reduced as much as possible, and excessive abrasion is prevented.

The existing bar pressing machine can not press bars for long-stem plants or bulk materials with high moisture content, the reason is the structural design reason of a blanking mechanism except for the defects of a forming sleeve structure and a compression forming principle, and the long-stem plants can be arched like bird nests when blanking and are supported on the side wall of a blanking hopper, so that the arched structure can not be completely destroyed even if stirring shafts are used for stirring, and the bulk materials completely fall into a conveying extrusion rod cavity (compression cavity). Even if the long-stem plants can be fed into the compression chamber, the piston rod or the extrusion rod can be subjected to radial force during extrusion, and the working resistance is increased. By combining the various factors, the common bar pressing machine can often produce material blockage when extruding different bulk materials, and the utility model solves the problem.

As shown in fig. 6, the forming mechanism 4 includes a forming tank 14, a hydraulic mechanism 15, and a pressing block 16; the forming groove 14 is communicated with the connecting pipe 7, the forming groove 14 is a C-shaped groove with an open top, one end of the pressing block 16 is arranged on the upper part of the forming groove 14 through a pin 17 and is positioned on one side of the material entering the forming groove 14, and the other end of the pressing block 16 can be arranged in the forming groove 14 deeply through a hydraulic mechanism 15. Specifically, one end of the hydraulic mechanism 15 is disposed on the fixing plate through a pin, and the other end is disposed on the pressing block 16 through a pin.

The forming mechanism 4 consists of an open type forming groove 14 with three groove bodies and a pressing block 16 capable of swinging around a fixed pin shaft 17, the tail part of the pressing block 16 is designed into a rotatable fulcrum through the pin shaft 17, and the head part of the pressing block 16 is pushed and pulled downwards by an oil cylinder 15 of the hydraulic mechanism to enable the pressing block 16 to swing around the pin shaft 17.

In operation, the head of the compact 16 is pressed into the forming groove 14, and the forming groove 14 and the compact 16 form a closed channel with a gradually reduced outlet. The bulk material is pushed into the passage of the forming groove 14 from the connecting pipe 7 and is extruded while being hindered by resistance, and is compressed into a solid shape by the piston rod 8 and the carbide punch 9. The resistance of the produced pressing rod and the tightness of the rod can be adjusted at will by fine adjusting the swing amplitude of the pressing block 16. Under the action of the hydraulic mechanism 15, the maximum up-and-down swinging amplitude of the front end of the pressing block 16 can reach 30 degrees, and the adjusting range is wide, so that different material pressing rods can be met.

When equipment is out of work or is maintained, briquetting 16 can up swing, leaves the shaping groove, and the shaping groove is open three-sided groove, and the problem of the current bar machine of pressing often produces putty has been solved completely to these structural design and function to and the problem of being difficult to draw the material behind the putty.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the cross section of the forming groove 14 is a rectangular, polygonal or circular shape with an open top, and the cross section of the part of the compact 16 that penetrates into the forming groove is configured accordingly according to the cross section of the forming groove 14. The forming groove 14 and the pressing block 16 do not need special customized materials and are made of common carbon steel, and a layer of wear-resistant lining plate can be designed and arranged on the surface of the forming groove and the pressing block to prolong the service life. Because the forming groove structure is open on three sides, compared with the existing processing and manufacturing of the round tube of the rod pressing machine, the whole manufacturing cost is only expected to be 1/3 of the same parts of the common rod pressing machine.

Claims

1. A hydraulic type bar pressing machine is characterized in that:

comprises a storage bin, a feeding device, a blanking mechanism and a forming mechanism;

2. The hydraulic rod press according to claim 1, wherein:

one end of the hydraulic mechanism is arranged on the fixing plate through a pin shaft, and the other end of the hydraulic mechanism is arranged on the pressing block through a pin shaft.

3. The hydraulic rod press according to claim 1, wherein:

the cross section of the forming groove is polygonal or circular with an open top, and the cross section of the part of the pressing block, which extends into the forming groove, is correspondingly configured according to the cross section of the forming groove.

4. The hydraulic rod press according to claim 1, wherein:

the outer diameter of a pressure head of the blanking mechanism, the inner diameter of the connecting pipe and the inner diameter of the containing opening are the same;

the side of the pressure head is a shear surface.

5. The hydraulic rod press according to claim 4, wherein:

the section of the pressure head is semicircular.

6. The hydraulic rod press according to claim 1, wherein:

the end part of the piston rod used for pushing materials is provided with a hard alloy punch head, and an elastic piece is arranged between the hard alloy punch head and the piston rod.

7. The hydraulic rod press according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein:

the pressure head and the piston rod are both driven by a bidirectional hydraulic cylinder driving system, and the bidirectional hydraulic cylinder driving system comprises a hydraulic oil cooling device.

8. The hydraulic rod press according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein:

the feeding device is a spiral feeder, and the two blanking mechanisms are in one group and at least one group is configured; one spiral feeder corresponds to one group of blanking mechanisms; the two blanking mechanisms of one group are respectively and oppositely arranged at two sides of the spiral feeder, the spiral feeder respectively conveys materials into the blanking mechanisms through positive and negative rotation, a connecting pipe and a piston rod are shared between the two opposite blanking mechanisms, and the piston rod pushes the materials into the corresponding forming mechanism when moving left and right; and each blanking mechanism is respectively provided with a corresponding forming mechanism.

9. The hydraulic rod press according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein:

the middle part of the storage bin comprises a scraping and rotating mechanism driven by a motor.