CN210092335U

CN210092335U - Dual-polarized antenna and radiating element thereof

Info

Publication number: CN210092335U
Application number: CN201921023895.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高超宁; 李明超; 李轶帆; 陈礼涛
Original assignee: Comba Telecom Technology Guangzhou Ltd
Current assignee: Comba Telecom Technology Guangzhou Ltd
Priority date: 2019-07-01
Filing date: 2019-07-01
Publication date: 2020-02-18
Anticipated expiration: 2029-07-01

Abstract

The utility model provides a dual polarized antenna and radiating element thereof, wherein, dual polarized radiating element includes radiation piece and feed column, and the side of radiation piece is seted up four invagination structures so that the radiation piece forms two pairs of radiation arms, and one of them sets up along one of them polarization direction, and another pair of radiation arm sets up along another polarization direction; the invagination structure includes the first recess of locating two adjacent radiation arm junctions and locates the second recess of radiation arm side. The radiation piece is provided with the inward-sinking structure to be arranged in a butterfly shape, so that the miniaturization of the antenna is realized, the current path of the radiation unit is increased, the resonance mode is excited, and the working frequency band is expanded; the invagination structure can reduce the public body of the radiation piece in two polarization directions, can block the surface current crosstalk of one polarization direction from a region of the other polarization direction, improves the heteropolarization isolation degree of the invagination structure, is easy to manufacture, and can be widely applied to large-scale base station array antennas.

Description

Dual-polarized antenna and radiating element thereof

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a mobile communication antenna field especially relates to a dual polarized antenna and radiating element thereof.

Background

With the gradual deepening of mobile communication network deployment, the 5G base station antenna is actively developed for commercial trial and large-scale commercial use, and the antenna puts higher technical requirements on the base station antenna, including: miniaturization, light weight, large-scale array, low profile, wide bandwidth of the AAU base station antenna formed by integrating with the base station main equipment, and the like. The 5G communication base station is an array antenna of Massive MIMO, which has formed a common consensus in the industry. However, a series of problems are caused by the application of large-scale array antennas, mainly including: 1) a large number of array elements coexist densely, the cross coupling is obviously increased, and the electrical performance of the antenna is seriously influenced; 2) the deployment space is limited, and the 5G main equipment and the AAU equipment integrated with the antenna are required to have the characteristics of small volume and light weight; 3) in the future, the deployment quantity of the 5G base stations is large, the array antenna elements are more, and severe problems are brought forward to the production efficiency, the stability, the cost reduction and the like.

The microstrip antenna has the characteristics of low profile, light weight and the like, and is very suitable for the application of 5G large-scale array antennas at the present stage and the next stage. However, the conventional microstrip antenna has many mounting parts, which results in low production efficiency, high cost, poor stability, and the like. In addition, the arrangement of a plurality of traditional array elements leads to the deterioration of the isolation among the ports of the array, thereby improving the isolation among the ports of the antenna and becoming a problem to be mainly solved in the technical field.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The main objective of the utility model is to provide a miniaturized and high dual polarization radiating element of isolation.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a dual polarized antenna including the above dual polarized radiation element.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

as a first aspect, the present invention relates to a dual-polarized radiation unit, including a radiation plate and a feed column for connecting a feed network and the radiation plate, wherein four inward-recessed structures are disposed around the radiation plate so as to enable the radiation plate to form two pairs of symmetrically disposed radiation arms, one of the two pairs of radiation arms is disposed along one polarization direction, and the other pair of radiation arms is disposed along the other polarization direction; the invagination structure comprises a first groove arranged at the joint of two adjacent radiation arms and a second groove arranged on the side edge of the radiation arm.

Further setting: the first groove extends towards the center of the radiation piece, and the extending length of the first groove is smaller than half of the side length of the radiation piece.

Further setting: and second grooves are formed in two sides of the radiation arm.

Further setting: the second groove extends toward a centerline position of the radiating arm.

Further setting: the second groove is an arc-shaped groove, the arc-shaped groove is positioned at the central section of the side edge of the radiation arm, and the chord length of the arc-shaped groove is smaller than the length of the radiation arm.

Further setting: the feed columns are provided with two groups corresponding to the two pairs of radiation arms and are connected with the radiation arms in a one-to-one correspondence mode.

Further setting: the cross section area of the feed column is gradually reduced in the direction far away from the radiation sheet.

As a second aspect, the present invention relates to a dual polarized antenna comprising a dual polarized radiating element as described above.

Further setting: the dual-polarized antenna further comprises a reflecting plate and at least one antenna sub-module arranged on the reflecting plate, each antenna sub-module comprises at least two dual-polarized radiation units, and the dual-polarized radiation units are electrically connected with a feed line through a power division feed network.

Further setting: and partition plates are arranged on two sides of the antenna submodule.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses a scheme has following advantage:

1. the utility model discloses an among the dual polarization radiating element, through set up four sunken structures towards its central zone at the periphery of radiation piece for the radiation piece is "butterfly shape" and sets up, so that the radiation piece constitutes polygonized structure, thereby multiplicable radiating element's current path, and then can arouse radiating element's resonant mode, with the operating band of expanding the antenna, be favorable to realizing the miniaturization of antenna.

2. In the dual-polarized radiation unit of the utility model, by arranging the invagination structure, the public body part between two polarization directions of the radiation piece can be reduced, thereby effectively blocking the surface current in one polarization direction from crosstalk to the region of the other polarization direction of the radiation piece, and improving the heteropolarity isolation of the radiation piece; the mass of the radiation sheet can be effectively reduced by reducing the common body part, so that the light weight of the antenna can be realized; in addition, the radiation piece is free of any hollow structure, so that the radiation piece is simple and stable in structure, high in unit surface flatness and easy to manufacture, and can be widely applied to large-scale base station array antennas.

3. The utility model discloses an among the dual polarized antenna, adopt "butterfly shape" radiation piece, have longer current path, realize the miniaturization of radiation piece to can increase the interval between the adjacent radiating element in the antenna submodule piece, and then promote the polarization isolation between each port of antenna, thereby can effectively improve the electrical property and the radiation performance of antenna.

4. In the dual-polarized antenna of the utility model, the radiation sheet is connected with the feed network through the feed column, and the radiation sheet and the feed column can form a microstrip antenna radiation structure, so that the dual-polarized antenna has the characteristic of low section, thereby being beneficial to realizing the miniaturization of the antenna; in addition, the radiation piece and the feed column are integrally formed, the feed column is used as a feed structure and a support structure of the radiation piece, a balun support structure is not needed, the structure is simple, the installation is convenient, the mass production is facilitated, and a high-quality choice is provided for the arrangement of a high-performance mobile communication base station antenna and a 5G large-scale antenna.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a dual-polarized radiation unit of the present invention;

fig. 2a is a schematic view of the dual-polarized radiation unit of the present invention, in which the radiation fins are in a linear polygon structure;

fig. 2b is a schematic view of the dual-polarized radiation unit of the present invention, wherein the radiation sheet has a polygon structure without edges;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the dual-polarized antenna of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna submodule of the dual-polarized antenna of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a graph showing the simulation of standing wave characteristics of the dual-polarized antenna of the present invention in the 2.3-3GHz band;

fig. 6 is a graph of the separation distance between the different polarized ports of the dual-polarized antenna of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a graph of the separation between the same polarized ports of the dual polarized antenna of the present invention.

In the figure, 1, a radiation sheet; 11. a radiation arm; 12. a first groove; 13. a second groove; 14. folding the line segment; 2. a feed column; 3. a feed network; 31. a feeder line layer; 32. an intermediate dielectric plate; 33. a metal ground plate; 4. a reflective plate; 5. a partition plate; 100. a dual-polarized radiating element; 200. a dual polarized antenna; 201. and an antenna sub-module.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

The utility model relates to a dual polarization radiating element mainly is applied to the mobile communication antenna field. When the antenna is applied to the antenna, the isolation between the ports of the antenna can be improved, the antenna structure is simplified, the performance is excellent, and a high-quality choice is provided for the deployment of a high-performance mobile communication base station antenna and a 5G large-scale antenna.

Referring to fig. 1, the dual-polarized radiation unit 100 includes a radiation plate 1 and a feeding column 2, and the feeding column 2 is used for connecting a feeding network 3 and the radiation plate 1. The periphery of the radiation piece 1 extends towards the center thereof to form four invagination structures, so that the radiation piece 1 can be arranged in a butterfly shape and form two pairs of symmetrically arranged radiation arms 11. Further, one of the two pairs of radiation arms 11 is disposed along one of the polarization directions, and the other pair of radiation arms 11 is disposed along the other polarization direction, and the two polarization directions are disposed perpendicularly and orthogonally.

Preferably, the two polarization directions orthogonally arranged vertically are ± 45 ° polarization directions, and since ± 45 ° polarization is orthogonal polarization, a good effect of diversity reception can be effectively ensured.

Referring to fig. 1, the recessed structure includes a first groove 12 opened between adjacent polarization directions and a second groove 13 disposed on a side of the radiation arm 11.

The first groove 12 is located at the joint of two adjacent radiation arms 11, and the first groove 12 extends along an angle bisector of an included angle defined by center lines of the two radiation arms 11 and toward the center of the radiation sheet 1. Preferably, the first groove 12 is configured as a U-shaped structure, and the center line of the U-shaped structure is located on the angle bisector. Meanwhile, the extension length of the first groove 12 is less than half of the side length of the radiation sheet 1, so as to ensure that the first groove 12 cannot penetrate through the radiation sheet 1. The first groove 12 is arranged between the adjacent radiation arms 11, so that the common body part between two polarization directions on the radiation sheet 1 can be reduced, the mass of the antenna can be reduced, and the purpose of lightening the antenna can be realized; in addition, the reduction of the common body can effectively block the surface current crosstalk of one polarization direction from a region of the other polarization direction, so that the heteropolarization isolation degree of the radiation piece 1 can be obviously improved.

The second grooves 13 are arranged on the radiation arms 11, the two sides of each radiation arm 11 are respectively provided with a second groove 13, the second grooves 13 extend towards the central line of the radiation arm 11, the first grooves 12 are connected with the second grooves 13 through the fold line sections 14, the end parts of the radiation arms 11 are also connected with the second grooves 13 adjacent to the end parts of the radiation arms through the fold line sections 14, and then the first grooves 12, the second grooves 13 and the fold line sections 14 can be connected to form an inward-concave structure on the radiation sheet 1, so that the radiation sheet 1 is of a polygonal structure, the equivalent current path of the edge of the radiation sheet 1 can be effectively extended, and the purpose of antenna miniaturization can be realized; meanwhile, the equivalent current path at the edge of the radiation sheet 1 is prolonged, the distance between adjacent radiation units in the array is increased, and the polarization isolation degree between ports is further improved.

Preferably, the second groove 13 is an arc-shaped groove, the arc-shaped groove is located in the central section of the side of the radiation arm 11, the chord length corresponding to the arc-shaped groove is smaller than the length of the radiation arm 11, and the depth of the recess on the radiation arm 11 is smaller than half of the width of the radiation arm 11.

In addition, in other embodiments, please refer to fig. 2a and 2b, the curved sections in the first groove 12 and the second groove 13 may be replaced by straight sections, and the end of each radiation arm 11 may be formed by a curved section 14 or an arc section, so that the outer contour of the radiation piece 1 may be substantially square or circular.

Furthermore, the radiation sheet 1 is of an integrated die-casting structure, and the middle area of the radiation sheet 1 is free of any hollow area, so that the structure of the radiation sheet 1 is firmer, and the flatness of the surface of the radiation unit can be improved. Furthermore, will the utility model discloses a simple and easy firm radiating element when applying to the antenna in, can be so that antenna overall structure is simple, firm, is favorable to mass production, is favorable to reducing the cost of antenna complete machine.

Referring to fig. 3, the feeding columns 2 are used to connect the feeding network 3 and the radiation plates 1, two groups of feeding columns 2 are provided corresponding to two pairs of radiation arms 11 and are connected to the radiation arms 11 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, one end of each feeding column 2 is connected to the radiation plate 1, and the other end is connected to the feeding network 3. In addition, an integrally formed structure is formed between the radiation sheet 1 and the feed column 2, so that the processing is convenient, the manufacturing is easy, and the radiation unit of the integrally formed structure has good structural stability.

Further, the feeding column 2 is a cylinder or a square column.

Furthermore, the cross-sectional area of the feed post 2 decreases gradually from the end close to the radiating patch 1 to the end far away from the radiating patch 1. Specifically, the cylindrical feed column 2 is arranged in a circular truncated cone shape, and the square column feed column 2 is arranged in a prismatic frustum shape; or, the feeding column 2 may be formed by tightly connecting a plurality of sections of cylinders with gradually decreasing diameters or square columns with gradually decreasing side lengths in the extending direction of the feeding column 2. The cross section area of one end of the feed column 2 facing the feed network 3 is gradually reduced, so that the size of the connection part of the feed column and the feed network is small, welding between the feed column 2 and the feed network 3 can be facilitated, and the working efficiency is improved.

To sum up, the utility model discloses a dual polarization radiating element 100 adopts radiating fin 1 of individual layer "butterfly shape" structure, simple structure, and be connected through feed column 2 between radiating fin 1 and the feed network 3, radiating fin 1 with feed column 2 is the integrated into one piece structure for radiating fin 1 can 2 constitute microstrip antenna radiating element with feed column, has the characteristic of low section, and its height is only 0.08 lambda to 0.12 lambda, compares with the dipole feed die-cast oscillator of traditional height, and the antenna that utilizes this radiating element has the low section characteristic in the true sense; and the radiation unit in the antenna is only provided with a layer of radiation sheet structure, so that the use of parts can be reduced, the structure is simple, and the miniaturization of the antenna is facilitated. In addition, when the radiation unit is applied to an array antenna of a large-scale base station, the heteropolarization isolation of the dual-polarization radiation unit 100 can be improved, and the isolation between ports in different rows in the array is improved, so that the electrical property and the radiation property of the antenna can be effectively improved, and the reliability of batch production is enhanced.

Please combine fig. 3, the utility model discloses still relate to a dual polarized antenna 200, it includes the reflecting plate and locates feed network 3 and dual polarized radiation unit on the reflecting plate 4, dual polarized radiation unit be the aforesaid dual polarized radiation unit 100, through with dual polarized radiation unit 100 is applied to antenna structure, and its polygonized structure can extend the equivalent current path at 1 edge of radiation piece effectively to can arouse radiating element's resonant mode, and then can extend the operating band of antenna. In addition, only one layer of radiating sheet 1 is arranged in the radiating unit of the antenna, and the height of the radiating sheet is only 0.08 lambda to 0.12 lambda, so that the low-profile design of the antenna can be realized, the structure is simple, the parts are few, and the miniaturization of the antenna is facilitated.

The feed network 3 includes a feed line layer 31, a middle dielectric plate 32 and a metal grounding plate 33, which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the four feed columns 2 of the dual-polarized radiation unit 100 are welded to the feed line layer 31 of the feed network 3 to realize electrical connection, and the metal grounding plate 33 of the feed network 3 can be used as a transmitting plate of the dual-polarized radiation unit 100.

The dual-polarized radiation unit 100 is combined with the feed network 3 to form a low-profile dual-polarized microstrip antenna unit, and in this embodiment, the feed line layer 31 includes two sets of microstrip feed lines (not labeled in the figure), and output ends of the two sets of microstrip feed lines are electrically connected to ends of two sets of feed columns 2, respectively, so as to form dual-polarized feed of the integrated microstrip antenna unit.

Furthermore, it is right to combine the simulation to make the description the utility model discloses a dual polarized antenna 200's application effect, fig. 5 shows the utility model discloses a dual polarized antenna 200 voltage standing wave ratio simulation curve graph in the operating frequency band, it shows that microstrip antenna element has good impedance bandwidth under the condition that standing wave ratio is less than 2 to can characterize microstrip antenna element, have the impedance bandwidth of broad under the prerequisite of the radiation efficiency of ensureing the antenna.

As a preferred embodiment, the dual polarized antenna 200 of the present invention comprises a reflection plate 4 and at least one antenna sub-module 201 disposed on the reflection plate 4. Each of the antenna sub-modules 201 includes at least two dual-polarized radiation units 100 and a feeding line layer 31 for connecting the dual-polarized radiation units 100, where the feeding line layer 31 includes a power division feeding network 3 and a feeding line, and the dual-polarized antennas 200 are electrically connected to the feeding line through the power division feeding network 3.

In addition, the reflection plate 4 is a metal reflection plate, and is tightly attached to a metal ground layer of the feed network 3 in the dual-polarized antenna 200, so that the reflection plate 4 is fixed to the dual-polarized antenna 200.

Preferably, in this embodiment, referring to fig. 4 specifically, the antenna sub-module 201 includes three dual-polarized radiation units 100 arranged in the transverse direction, the three radiation units are connected to the + 45 ° polarized power distribution feed network 3 or the-45 ° polarized power distribution feed network 3 through a feed line, and the distances between two adjacent dual-polarized radiation units 100 are equal, and the distance range is between 0.5 λ and 0.7 λ, where λ is related to the antenna operating center frequency.

Further, the antenna sub-modules 201 may be closely arranged along a vertical line of a row to form an antenna array, and two sides of one antenna sub-module 201 are further provided with partitions 5 extending transversely along the arrangement direction of the radiating elements, and a distance between the partitions 5 on two sides of the same antenna sub-module 201 is about 0.5 λ, where λ is related to the antenna operating center frequency. By providing spacers 5 between adjacent antenna sub-modules 201, the isolation between like polarizations in the array is increased.

In addition, the radiation unit in this embodiment adopts the aforementioned "butterfly-shaped" radiation piece 1, which has a longer current path, so that the distance between adjacent array radiation units in the dual-polarized antenna 200 can be increased, and the polarization isolation between the ports can be further improved, thereby effectively improving the electrical performance and radiation performance of the antenna.

The dual polarized antenna of the present invention can be further described in detail with reference to the simulation diagrams of fig. 6 and 7. Wherein, fig. 6 illustrates an isolation curve diagram of the heteropolarization port of the dual-polarized antenna of the present invention, that is, the heteropolarization isolation is less than-20 dB in the frequency range of 2.30GHz-3.00 GHz; fig. 7 illustrates the isolation curve of the co-polarized port of the dual-polarized antenna of the present invention, i.e. the co-polarized isolation is less than-20 dB in the frequency range of 2.30GHz-3.00GHz, so as to represent that the dual-polarized antenna 200 of the present invention has good polarized isolation.

The foregoing is only a partial embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-polarized radiating element is characterized in that: the feed column is used for connecting the feed network and the radiation piece, four inwards-recessed structures are arranged on the periphery of the radiation piece so that the radiation piece forms two pairs of symmetrically-arranged radiation arms, one of the two pairs of radiation arms is arranged along one polarization direction, and the other pair of radiation arms is arranged along the other polarization direction; the invagination structure comprises a first groove arranged at the joint of two adjacent radiation arms and a second groove arranged on the side edge of the radiation arm.

2. The dual polarized radiating element of claim 1, wherein: the first groove extends towards the center of the radiation piece, and the extending length of the first groove is smaller than half of the side length of the radiation piece.

3. The dual polarized radiating element of claim 1, wherein: and second grooves are formed in two sides of the radiation arm.

4. The dual polarized radiating element of claim 3, wherein: the second groove extends toward a centerline position of the radiating arm.

5. The dual polarized radiating element of claim 4, wherein: the second groove is an arc-shaped groove, the arc-shaped groove is positioned at the central section of the side edge of the radiation arm, and the chord length of the arc-shaped groove is smaller than the length of the radiation arm.

6. The dual polarized radiating element of claim 1, wherein: the feed columns are provided with two groups corresponding to the two pairs of radiation arms and are connected with the radiation arms in a one-to-one correspondence mode.

7. The dual polarized radiating element of claim 6, wherein: the cross section area of the feed column is gradually reduced in the direction far away from the radiation sheet.

8. A dual-polarized antenna is characterized in that: comprising a dual polarized radiating element according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The dual polarized antenna of claim 8, wherein: the antenna comprises a reflector plate and at least one antenna sub-module arranged on the reflector plate, wherein each antenna sub-module comprises at least two dual-polarized radiation units, and the dual-polarized radiation units are electrically connected with a feed line through a power division feed network.

10. The dual polarized antenna of claim 9, wherein: and partition plates are arranged on two sides of the antenna submodule.