CN210074561U

CN210074561U - Armored movable metal-enclosed switchgear

Info

Publication number: CN210074561U
Application number: CN201920891069.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 田先忠
Original assignee: NANJING RUNJIE ELECTRIC CONTROL INSTRUMENT Co Ltd
Current assignee: NANJING RUNJIE ELECTRIC CONTROL INSTRUMENT Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-06-13
Filing date: 2019-06-13
Publication date: 2020-02-14
Anticipated expiration: 2029-06-13

Abstract

The utility model relates to an armor withdrawable metal-enclosed switchgear, which comprises a base, a cabinet body and a cabinet door, wherein two ventilation pipes are arranged on two sides of the cabinet body, one end of each ventilation pipe, which is far away from the cabinet body, is provided with a ventilation mechanism, the ventilation mechanism comprises a motor, a driving shaft, a speed reducing component, a rotating shaft, a fixed plate, a fixed ring, a filter screen, a cleaning component, two installation components, a plurality of fixed rods and two rotary vanes, the cleaning component comprises a cleaning rod, two sliding rods and a plurality of brush hairs, the armor withdrawable metal-enclosed switchgear removes dust and filters cold air entering the cabinet body through the ventilation pipes through the ventilation mechanism, avoids dust entering the cabinet body and attached to the surface of an electric appliance to influence heat dissipation, and drives the brush on the cleaning rod to lean against the inner side of the filter screen to sweep dust on the filter screen through the rotation of, and the filter screen is convenient to replace through the mounting assembly, so that the practicability of the equipment is improved.

Description

Armored movable metal-enclosed switchgear

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a power equipment field, in particular to armor formula metal enclosed switchgear that withdraws.

Background

The armored movable metal enclosed metal switch equipment, referred to as switch equipment for short, is a complete set of power distribution equipment of indoor 3.6-12kV three-phase AC 50Hz single bus and single bus breaking system, and is mainly used for power plant, power distribution system, main switch of small and medium-sized generator, power distribution of industrial and mining enterprises and institutions, substation power transmission and distribution switch equipment of power system, and starting of large-scale high-voltage motor, etc., for implementing control protection and monitoring. The equipment meets the standard requirements of IEC298, GB3906 and the like, has a five-prevention function, can be matched with various vacuum circuit breakers and combined electrical appliances, and is a power distribution device with excellent performance.

When the existing armor withdrawable metal-enclosed switchgear operates, in order to ensure that electrical components inside the switchgear work at a proper ambient temperature, a plurality of heat dissipation holes are usually arranged on two sides of the switchgear, so that hot air is conveniently discharged, meanwhile, a fan is arranged inside the switchgear, air circulation is enhanced, the heat dissipation efficiency is improved, but after long-term operation, dust is easily adsorbed and accumulated on the heat dissipation holes, the air circulation is not smooth, the heat dissipation of the switchgear is influenced, and the practicability of the existing armor withdrawable metal-enclosed switchgear is reduced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is: in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the armored movable metal closed switch device is provided.

The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is: an armored movable metal-enclosed switchgear comprises a base, a cabinet body and a cabinet door, wherein the cabinet body is fixed above the base, the cabinet door is hinged with the cabinet body, a handle, a display screen, a plurality of keys and a plurality of indicator lamps are arranged on the cabinet door, two ventilation pipes are arranged on two sides of the cabinet body, the ventilation pipes are L-shaped, one ends of the ventilation pipes are communicated with the cabinet body, the other ends of the ventilation pipes are arranged vertically downwards, and a ventilation mechanism is arranged at one end of each ventilation pipe, which is far away from the cabinet body;

the ventilation mechanism comprises a motor, a driving shaft, a speed reducing assembly, a rotating shaft, a fixed plate, a fixed ring, a filter screen, a cleaning assembly, two mounting assemblies, a plurality of fixed rods and two rotary vanes, wherein the motor is fixed in the ventilation pipe, the motor is in transmission connection with the top end of the driving shaft, the two rotary vanes are respectively arranged on two sides of the driving shaft, the bottom end of the driving shaft is in transmission connection with the top end of the rotating shaft through the speed reducing assembly, the fixed plate is sleeved on the rotating shaft, the fixed rods are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the fixed plate in the circumferential direction, the fixed plate is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the ventilation pipe through the fixed rods, the filter screen is tubular in shape, the top end of the filter screen is supported below the fixed plate, the periphery of the bottom end of the filter screen is, two installation component set up the both sides in the bottom of filter screen respectively, the filter screen passes through the installation component and sets up in the draught tube, the bottom of pivot and clean component all set up the inboard at the filter screen, clean component includes clean pole, two slide bars and a plurality of brush hair, brush hair evenly distributed is in the one side of keeping away from the pivot of clean pole, and two slide bars are fixed respectively at the both ends of the opposite side of clean pole, the pivot cover is established on the slide bar.

Preferably, in order to reduce the rotation speed of the rotating shaft, the speed reduction assembly includes a first gear, a second gear, a third gear, a fourth gear, a concentric shaft, a support unit and a connection unit, the first gear is coaxially fixed on the driving shaft, the first gear is meshed with the second gear, the third gear is meshed with the fourth gear, the fourth gear is fixed at the top end of the rotating shaft, two ends of the concentric shaft are respectively and fixedly connected with the second gear and the third gear, the bottom end of the driving shaft is connected with the fourth gear through the connection unit, the concentric shaft is arranged in the ventilation pipe through the support unit, the outer diameter of the first gear is larger than that of the second gear, and the outer diameter of the third gear is larger than that of the fourth gear.

Preferably, in order to support the concentric shaft to rotate, the supporting unit comprises a lantern ring and two clamping plates, the lantern ring is fixed in the vent pipe, the lantern ring is sleeved on the concentric shaft, the two clamping plates abut against the upper side and the lower side of the lantern ring respectively, and the clamping plates are fixed on the concentric shaft.

Preferably, in order to support the fourth gear to rotate, the connection unit includes a connection block and a ball, a recess is provided above the connection block, the recess is matched with the ball, the ball is fixed at the bottom end of the drive shaft, and the center of the ball is disposed in the recess.

Preferably, in order to enable the bristles to be separated from the filter screen when the toothbrush is not in use, the sliding rod is provided with a spring, the spring is in a stretching state, and two ends of the spring are respectively connected with the cleaning rod and the rotating shaft.

As preferred, for the convenience of the loading and unloading of filter screen, the installation component includes first magnet, second magnet, pull ring, pull rod, inserted bar and insert the ring, first magnet is fixed in the below of ventilation pipe, insert the ring and fix the bottom at the filter screen, second magnet is located between insert ring and the first magnet, the pull ring passes through pull rod and second magnet fixed connection, first magnet cover is established on the pull rod, first magnet and second magnet repel each other, one side of keeping away from the pull ring at second magnet is fixed to the inserted bar, the inserted ring cover is established on the inserted bar.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are that, this armor withdrawable metal-enclosed switchgear removes dust through ventilation mechanism to the cold air that gets into the cabinet through the ventilation pipe internal and filters, avoids the dust to get into the cabinet internal and attaches at electrical equipment surface influence heat dissipation, moreover, it is rotatory through the pivot, the brush that drives on the cleaning rod is supported and is swept the dust on the filter screen by the inboard of filter screen, the circulation of air of the filter screen both sides of being convenient for to make things convenient for the change of filter screen through the installation component, thereby the practicality of equipment has been improved.

Drawings

The present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an armored removable metal-enclosed switchgear of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a ventilation mechanism of the armored removable metal-enclosed switchgear of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of portion B of FIG. 2;

in the figure: 1. the cleaning machine comprises a base, a cabinet body, a cabinet door, a handle, a display screen, a button, a light indicator, an indicator light, a ventilating pipe, a motor, a driving shaft, a rotating shaft, a fixing ring, a filter screen, a fixing rod, a rotating blade, a cleaning rod, a sliding rod, a gear, a rotating shaft, a fixing ring, a filter screen, a fixing rod, a rotating blade, a cleaning rod, a sliding rod, a gear, a rotating shaft, a rotating.

Detailed Description

The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic drawings and illustrate the basic structure of the present invention only in a schematic manner, and thus show only the components related to the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, an armored movable metal-enclosed switchgear includes a base 1, a cabinet body 2 and a cabinet door 3, wherein the cabinet body 2 is fixed above the base 1, the cabinet door 3 is hinged to the cabinet body 2, the cabinet door 3 is provided with a handle 4, a display screen 5, a plurality of keys 6 and a plurality of indicator lights 7, two ventilation pipes 8 are arranged on two sides of the cabinet body 2, the ventilation pipes 8 are L-shaped, one end of each ventilation pipe 8 is communicated with the cabinet body 2, the other end of each ventilation pipe 8 is vertically arranged downwards, and a ventilation mechanism is arranged at one end of each ventilation pipe 8, which is far away from the cabinet body 2;

this armor withdrawable metal-enclosed switchgear, 2 fixed mounting of the cabinet body are on base 1, can conveniently open cabinet door 3 through handle 4, the electric installation to the cabinet body 2 inside maintains work such as inspection, on the cabinet body 2, pilot lamp 7 and display screen 5 are used for showing this armor withdrawable metal-enclosed switchgear's running state, both sides at the cabinet body 2 all are equipped with two ventilation pipes 8, among the ventilation mechanism in two ventilation pipes 8, one of them is arranged in introducing the cabinet body 2 inside with outside cold air, and another is used for discharging the hot-air of the cabinet body 2 internal from ventilation pipe 8, guarantee that the electric installation work of the cabinet body 2 internal is under suitable ambient temperature, thereby guarantee this armor withdrawable metal-enclosed switchgear safe operation, the practicality of equipment has been improved.

As shown in fig. 2-3, the ventilation mechanism includes a motor 9, a driving shaft 10, a speed reduction assembly, a rotating shaft 11, a fixing plate 34, a fixing ring 12, a filter screen 13, a cleaning assembly, two mounting assemblies, a plurality of fixing rods 14 and two rotary vanes 15, the motor 9 is fixed in the ventilation pipe 8, the motor 9 is in transmission connection with the top end of the driving shaft 10, the two rotary vanes 15 are respectively arranged at two sides of the driving shaft 10, the bottom end of the driving shaft 10 is in transmission connection with the top end of the rotating shaft 11 through the speed reduction assembly, the fixing plate 34 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 11, the fixing rods 14 are circumferentially and uniformly distributed at the periphery of the fixing plate 34, the fixing plate 34 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the ventilation pipe 8 through the fixing rods 14, the filter screen 13 is tubular in shape, the top end of the filter screen 13 abuts against the lower side of the, the periphery of solid fixed ring 12 is fixed on the inner wall of the one end of keeping away from the cabinet body 2 of ventilation pipe 8, and two installation components set up the both sides in the bottom of filter screen 13 respectively, filter screen 13 sets up in ventilation pipe 8 through the installation component, the bottom of pivot 11 and clean subassembly all set up the inboard at filter screen 13, clean subassembly is including clean pole 16, two slide bars 17 and a plurality of brush hair, brush hair evenly distributed is in the one side of keeping away from pivot 11 of clean pole 16, and the both ends at the opposite side of clean pole 16 are fixed respectively to two slide bars 17, pivot 11 cover is established on slide bar 17.

When the ventilation mechanism operates, the motor 9 is started to drive the driving shaft 10 to rotate, so that the rotary blades 15 on the two sides rotate at a high speed to generate air flow to drive air circulation, external cold air is conveniently introduced into the cabinet body 2, hot air in the cabinet body 2 is discharged from the ventilation pipe 8, air exchange is realized, the temperature in the cabinet body 2 is reduced, and the safe operation of electrical equipment in the cabinet body 2 is ensured. The filter screen 13 is installed in the cabinet body 2 by using two installation components, so that the top end of the filter screen 13 is abutted against the lower part of the fixing plate 34, the bottom end of the filter screen 13 is in sealing connection with the inner wall of the fixing ring 12, when external cold air enters the cabinet body 2, the cold air firstly passes through the filter screen 13, enters the outside of the filter screen 13 from the inner side of the filter screen 13 and enters the cabinet body 2 through the vent pipe 8, dust in the air is filtered by using the filter screen 13, the dust is prevented from entering the cabinet body 2 through the vent pipe 8 and being attached to the surface of an electric appliance to influence the heat dissipation of equipment, when the dust is attached to the inner side surface of the filter screen 13, the driving shaft 10 keeps rotating, the rotating shaft 11 is driven to rotate at low speed by the speed reduction component, when the rotating shaft 11 rotates, the sliding rod 17 is driven to rotate, so that the, the bristles on the rotating shaft 11 abut against the inner side of the filter screen 13, and along with the rotation of the cleaning rod 16, dust adsorbed on the inner side of the filter screen 13 is swept down, so that the air circulation on the inner side and the outer side of the filter screen 13 is kept conveniently, the heat dissipation efficiency is improved, and the safety and the reliability of the armored movable metal-enclosed switchgear are facilitated.

As shown in fig. 3, the speed reducing assembly includes a first gear 18, a second gear 19, a third gear 20, a fourth gear 21, a concentric shaft 22, a support unit and a connection unit, the first gear 18 is coaxially fixed on the driving shaft 10, the first gear 18 is meshed with the second gear 19, the third gear 20 is meshed with the fourth gear 21, the fourth gear 21 is fixed on the top end of the rotating shaft 11, two ends of the concentric shaft 22 are respectively fixedly connected with the second gear 19 and the third gear 20, the bottom end of the driving shaft 10 is connected with the fourth gear 21 through the connection unit, the concentric shaft 22 is arranged in the ventilation pipe 8 through the support unit, the outer diameter of the first gear 18 is larger than that of the second gear 19, and the outer diameter of the third gear 20 is larger than that of the fourth gear 21.

The driving shaft 10 drives the first gear 18 to rotate, the first gear 18 acts on the second gear 19 engaged with the first gear, so that the second gear 19 rotates, and the concentric shaft 22 drives the third gear 20 to rotate, the third gear 20 acts on the fourth gear 21 engaged with the third gear, so that the fourth gear 21 drives the rotating shaft 11 to rotate, the size of the first gear 18 and the size of the third gear 20 are respectively larger than that of the second gear 19 and that of the fourth gear 21, so that the rotating speed of the second gear 19 is lower than that of the first gear 18, the rotating speed of the fourth gear 21 is lower than that of the third gear 20, the third gear 20 is fixedly connected with the second gear 19 through the concentric shaft 22, so that the rotating speeds of the second gear 19 and the third gear 20 are the same, and further, the rotating speed of the fourth gear 21 is lower than that of the first gear 18, so that the rotating shaft 11 rotates at a lower speed than that of the driving shaft 10, the abrasion of the filter screen 13 caused when the brush bristles rotate too fast to sweep the filter screen 13 is avoided.

Preferably, in order to support the concentric shaft 22 to rotate, the supporting unit comprises a collar 23 and two clamping plates 24, the collar 23 is fixed in the ventilation pipe 8, the collar 23 is sleeved on the concentric shaft 22, the two clamping plates 24 respectively abut against the upper side and the lower side of the collar 23, and the clamping plates 24 are fixed on the concentric shaft 22.

The lantern ring 23 fixed inside the ventilation pipe 8 is fixed on the rotation axis of the concentric shaft 22, and the two clamping plates 24 on the concentric shaft 22 are respectively abutted against the upper end and the lower end of the lantern ring 23, so that the relative positions of the lantern ring 23 and the concentric shaft 22 are limited, the lantern ring 23 and the concentric shaft 22 are prevented from sliding relatively, and the concentric shaft 22 is supported to rotate stably.

Preferably, in order to support the fourth gear 21 to rotate, the connection unit includes a connection block 25 and a ball 26, a recess is provided above the connection block 25, the recess is matched with the ball 26, the ball 26 is fixed on the bottom end of the drive shaft 10, and the center of the ball 26 is disposed in the recess. In the connection unit, since the center of the ball 26 is located in the recess of the connection block 25, the ball 26 cannot be separated from the connection block 25, and the ball 26 and the connection block 25 are fixedly connected to the driving shaft 10 and the fourth gear 21, respectively, so as to support the fourth gear 21 for rotation and prevent the fourth gear 21 from sliding and shifting.

Preferably, in order to separate the bristles from the filter net 13 when the toothbrush is not in use, the sliding rod 17 is provided with a spring 27, the spring 27 is in a stretching state, and two ends of the spring 27 are respectively connected with the cleaning rod 16 and the rotating shaft 11. The cleaning rod 16 is pulled by the spring 27 in a stretched state, so that when the motor 9 stops operating, the cleaning rod 16 moves closer to the rotating shaft 11, and the bristles are separated from the filter screen 13.

As shown in fig. 4, the mounting assembly includes a first magnet 28, a second magnet 29, a pull ring 30, a pull rod 31, an insert rod 32 and an insert ring 33, the first magnet 28 is fixed below the ventilation pipe 8, the insert ring 33 is fixed at the bottom end of the filter screen 13, the second magnet 29 is located between the insert ring 33 and the first magnet 28, the pull ring 30 is fixedly connected with the second magnet 29 through the pull rod 31, the first magnet 28 is sleeved on the pull rod 31, the first magnet 28 and the second magnet 29 repel each other, the insert rod 32 is fixed at one side of the second magnet 29 away from the pull ring 30, and the insert ring 33 is sleeved on the insert rod 32.

First magnet 28 is fixed in the below of ventilation pipe 8, repel each other through first magnet 28 and second magnet 29, thereby promote second magnet 29 and keep away from first magnet 28 and remove, second magnet 29 drives inserted bar 32 and passes inserted ring 33 of filter screen 13 below, can fix filter screen 13 in the below of fixed plate 34, accomplish the installation of filter screen 13, when carrying out filter screen 13 and dismantling, pulling pull ring 30 keeps away from first magnet 28 and removes, make pull rod 31 drive second magnet 29 and inserted bar 32 and be close to first magnet 28 and remove, inserted bar 32 breaks away from inserted ring 33, and then can conveniently pull down filter screen 13, change.

This armor withdraws formula metal-enclosed switchgear is at the operation in-phase, make things convenient for the hot-air outgoing of the internal 2 of cabinet through ventilation pipe 8, outside cold air gets into the internal 2 of cabinet, realize the cooling, inside at ventilation pipe 8, through filter screen 13 to the filtration dust of getting into the internal 2 inside of cabinet, prevent that the dust from attaching to influence the heat dissipation on the electrical equipment of the internal 2 of cabinet, motor 9 drives the spiral leaf 15 through drive shaft 10 and rotates, when the ventilation is strengthened to the production air current, utilize the speed reduction subassembly to make pivot 11 rotatory, clean pole 16 receives centrifugal force to keep away from pivot 11, make the brush support the inboard at filter screen 13, the dust that will adsorb on filter screen 13 sweeps down, be convenient for keep the inside and outside both sides circulation of air of filter screen 13, make things convenient for the dismouting of filter screen 13 through the installation component, it changes filter screen 13 to.

Compared with the prior art, this armor withdrawable metal-enclosed switchgear removes dust through ventilation mechanism to the cold air that gets into the cabinet body 2 through ventilation pipe 8 and filters, avoid the dust to get into the cabinet body 2 internal attached at electrical equipment surface influence heat dissipation, moreover, it is rotatory through pivot 11, the brush that drives on the cleaning rod 16 supports to sweep the dust on filter screen 13 by filter screen 13's inboard, the circulation of air of the filter screen 13 both sides of being convenient for, and make things convenient for the change of filter screen 13 through the installation component, thereby the practicality of equipment has been improved.

In light of the foregoing, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. The armored movable metal-enclosed switchgear is characterized by comprising a base (1), a cabinet body (2) and a cabinet door (3), wherein the cabinet body (2) is fixed above the base (1), the cabinet door (3) is hinged to the cabinet body (2), a handle (4), a display screen (5), a plurality of keys (6) and a plurality of indicator lamps (7) are arranged on the cabinet door (3), two ventilation pipes (8) are arranged on two sides of the cabinet body (2), the ventilation pipes (8) are L-shaped, one ends of the ventilation pipes (8) are communicated with the cabinet body (2), the other ends of the ventilation pipes (8) are vertically arranged downwards, and a ventilation mechanism is arranged at one end, far away from the cabinet body (2), of each ventilation pipe (8);

the ventilation mechanism comprises a motor (9), a driving shaft (10), a speed reduction assembly, a rotating shaft (11), a fixing plate (34), a fixing ring (12), a filter screen (13), a cleaning assembly, two mounting assemblies, a plurality of fixing rods (14) and two rotary vanes (15), wherein the motor (9) is fixed in the ventilation pipe (8), the motor (9) is connected with the top end of the driving shaft (10) in a transmission manner, the two rotary vanes (15) are respectively arranged at two sides of the driving shaft (10), the bottom end of the driving shaft (10) is connected with the top end of the rotating shaft (11) in a transmission manner through the speed reduction assembly, the fixing plate (34) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (11), the fixing rods (14) are uniformly distributed at the periphery of the fixing plate (34) in the circumferential direction, the fixing plate (34) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the ventilation pipe (8) through the fixing rods (, the top end of the filter screen (13) is abutted against the lower part of the fixing plate (34), the periphery of the bottom end of the filter screen (13) is hermetically connected with the inner wall of the fixing ring (12), the periphery of the fixing ring (12) is fixed on the inner wall of one end of the ventilation pipe (8) far away from the cabinet body (2), the two mounting components are respectively arranged at two sides of the bottom end of the filter screen (13), the filter screen (13) is arranged in the ventilation pipe (8) through a mounting component, the bottom end of the rotating shaft (11) and the cleaning component are both arranged on the inner side of the filter screen (13), the cleaning component comprises a cleaning rod (16), two sliding rods (17) and a plurality of bristles, the brush hair evenly distributed is in the one side of keeping away from pivot (11) of cleaning rod (16), and two slide bars (17) are fixed respectively at the both ends of the opposite side of cleaning rod (16), pivot (11) cover is established on slide bar (17).

2. The armored removable metal-enclosed switchgear according to claim 1, wherein the reduction assembly comprises a first gear (18), a second gear (19), a third gear (20), a fourth gear (21), a concentric shaft (22), a support unit and a connection unit, the first gear (18) is coaxially fixed on the driving shaft (10), the first gear (18) is engaged with the second gear (19), the third gear (20) is engaged with the fourth gear (21), the fourth gear (21) is fixed on the top end of the rotating shaft (11), both ends of the concentric shaft (22) are fixedly connected with the second gear (19) and the third gear (20), respectively, the bottom end of the driving shaft (10) is connected with the fourth gear (21) through the connection unit, the concentric shaft (22) is disposed in the ventilation duct (8) through the support unit, the outer diameter of the first gear (18) is larger than that of the second gear (19), and the outer diameter of the third gear (20) is larger than that of the fourth gear (21).

3. An armored withdrawable metal-enclosed switchgear device according to claim 2, characterized in that the supporting unit comprises a collar (23) and two clamping plates (24), the collar (23) being fixed inside the ventilation duct (8), the collar (23) being fitted over the concentric shaft (22), the two clamping plates (24) abutting respectively above and below the collar (23), the clamping plates (24) being fixed on the concentric shaft (22).

4. The armored removable metal-enclosed switchgear according to claim 2, wherein the connection unit comprises a connection block (25) and a ball (26), wherein a recess is provided above the connection block (25), the recess is matched with the ball (26), the ball (26) is fixed at the bottom end of the drive shaft (10), and the center of the ball (26) is disposed in the recess.

5. The armored removable metal-enclosed switchgear according to claim 1, wherein the slide rod (17) is provided with a spring (27), the spring (27) is in a stretched state, and both ends of the spring (27) are connected to the cleaning rod (16) and the rotating shaft (11), respectively.

6. The armored removable metal-enclosed switchgear of claim 1, the mounting component comprises a first magnet (28), a second magnet (29), a pull ring (30), a pull rod (31), an insert rod (32) and an insert ring (33), the first magnet (28) is fixed below the ventilation pipe (8), the insert ring (33) is fixed at the bottom end of the filter screen (13), the second magnet (29) is located between the insert ring (33) and the first magnet (28), the pull ring (30) is fixedly connected with the second magnet (29) through a pull rod (31), the first magnet (28) is sleeved on the pull rod (31), the first magnet (28) and the second magnet (29) repel each other, the inserted bar (32) is fixed on one side, far away from the pull ring (30), of the second magnet (29), and the inserted ring (33) is sleeved on the inserted bar (32).