CN210068451U - Brine crystallizing pump control device - Google Patents
Brine crystallizing pump control device Download PDFInfo
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- CN210068451U CN210068451U CN201821855411.9U CN201821855411U CN210068451U CN 210068451 U CN210068451 U CN 210068451U CN 201821855411 U CN201821855411 U CN 201821855411U CN 210068451 U CN210068451 U CN 210068451U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a brine crystallization pump controlling means, brine crystallization pump controlling means includes solar module, solar module's output and DC brushless motor controller are connected, DC brushless motor controller's output and DC brushless motor are connected, DC brushless motor's output passes through elastic coupling and is connected with the high rotational speed water pump that has the high pressure water spray gun, the end of intaking of high rotational speed water pump is connected with the water storage tank. The utility model discloses can effectively utilize solar energy, need not erect the electric wire netting, safety, it is stable, be suitable for unmanned area brine crystallization production, enable the production energy and improve at double, have great economic benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a direct current brushless motor drive formula brine crystallization pump controlling means based on solar energy power supply.
Background
At present, salt lake water is naturally evaporated by sunlight to crystallize salt, and then is further extracted and refined; meanwhile, the sea level in the west is high, the air is thin, the sunny weather is strong, the sunshine time is long, and the sunshine resources are rich. The utility model discloses the purpose utilizes solar energy, spouts the lake brine to aloft through motor drive high rotational speed water pump, and the range is 50 to 60 meters far away for brine fully contacts sunshine, atomizing aloft, in moisture evaporation, can produce small crystallization, and the circulation is reciprocal, just constantly can produce the salt of crystallizing on the lake surface. The system has the advantages that: the system has the advantages of no need of erecting an industrial power grid, energy conservation, high system automation degree, easy operation and maintenance, doubled yield compared with the traditional refining mode, and huge economic and social benefits. For increasing system reliability, practice thrift the cost, brushless DC motor adopts no position sensor starting mode, but salt can crystallize in the pump body in the use, has certain load when starting to the motor, and traditional no-load starting algorithm will not be fit for again, the utility model discloses will use a new area to carry starting algorithm to consider operational environment, entire system all has salt fog prevention dampproofing measure.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a direct current brushless motor drive formula brine crystallization pump controlling means based on solar energy power supply to the defect that prior art exists.
The utility model discloses a realize above-mentioned purpose, adopt following technical scheme: the utility model provides a direct current brushless motor drive formula brine crystallization pump controlling means based on solar energy power supply, includes solar module, solar module's output and direct current brushless motor controller are connected, direct current brushless motor controller's output and direct current brushless motor are connected, direct current brushless motor's output passes through elastic coupling and is connected with the high rotational speed water pump that has the high pressure water spray gun, the end of intaking of high rotational speed water pump is connected with the water storage tank.
Further, the direct current brushless motor controller comprises a DC/DC voltage reduction circuit, an MCU inversion control driving circuit and a sensorless detection circuit; the DC/DC voltage reduction circuit supplies power to the MCU inversion control driving circuit, and the DC brushless motor is driven to work by the MCU inversion control driving circuit; the sensorless detection circuit detects the working voltage and the working current of the permanent magnet brushless direct current motor and sends the detection result to the MCU inversion control driving circuit, the MCU inversion control driving circuit determines the zero crossing point of the back electromotive force according to a position detection midpoint method and an ADC sampling method, and the MCU inversion control driving circuit determines the phase change time of the motor by delaying the rotor by 30 degrees of electric angle by combining a control algorithm so as to drive the brushless direct current motor to slowly accelerate until the brushless direct current motor reaches a preset rotating speed.
Furthermore, the MCU inversion control drive circuit comprises an MCU chip, a drive circuit and an inversion circuit; the sensorless detection circuit comprises a current acquisition module, a voltage acquisition module and a back electromotive force zero-crossing detection circuit; the first output end of the solar cell module is connected with the inverter circuit, and the second output end of the solar cell module is connected with the DC/DC voltage reduction circuit; the output end of the DC/DC voltage reduction circuit is respectively connected with the MCU chip and the drive circuit; the input end of the back electromotive force zero-crossing detection circuit is connected with the direct-current brushless motor through a current acquisition module and a voltage acquisition module respectively, and the output end of the back electromotive force zero-crossing detection circuit is connected with the MCU chip.
Furthermore, the inverter circuit comprises an IGBT power driving part with six switching tubes, the IGBT power driving part is divided into three groups of switching tubes and forms a three-phase bridge, each group of switching tubes is divided into an upper tube and a lower tube, and a tap is led out from the middle of each group of switching tubes to form U-V-W three-phase power and is connected with a three-phase winding of the DC brushless motor.
And the signal input end of the protection module is connected with the driving circuit and the inverter circuit respectively, and the signal output end of the protection module is connected with the MCU chip.
The utility model has the advantages that: will the utility model discloses a controller has following advantage after using in the solar energy brine crystallization pump:
the utility model can effectively utilize solar energy, does not need to erect an electric network, is safe and stable, is suitable for brine crystallization production in an unmanned area, can improve the production energy by times and has great economic benefit;
the utility model has high system power, high system protection level and maintenance-free performance, and the average efficiency can reach more than 95 percent;
the utility model can automatically set the working rotating speed according to the actual use condition, has automatic protection and automatic reset restart function;
the utility model discloses a neotype no position start algorithm, greatly increased the reliability of system, the cost is reduced has improved safety.
Drawings
FIG. 1: a structure diagram of a solar-powered brine crystallizing pump system;
FIG. 2: a brushless direct current motor control structure diagram;
FIG. 3: a main circuit diagram of a three-phase inverter bridge of the brushless direct current motor;
FIG. 4: a back electromotive force zero-crossing detection circuit;
FIG. 5: a constant current three-section type no-position sensor starting software flow chart;
FIG. 6: a PID control block diagram of a rotating speed current double closed loop;
FIG. 7: a software flow chart of a rotating speed current double closed loop.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 to 7 show, relate to a direct current brushless motor drive formula brine crystallization pump controlling means based on solar energy power supply, including solar module 1, solar module 1's output and direct current brushless motor controller 2 are connected, direct current brushless motor controller 2's output and direct current brushless motor 3 are connected, direct current brushless motor 3's output is connected with high speed water pump 5 that has high pressure water spray gun 6 through elastic coupling 4, high speed water pump 5's the end of intaking is connected with water storage tank 7.
The design idea is as follows: because a position detection midpoint method (the position detection midpoint method can also be called as a comparator method theoretically, only a built-in comparator of a processor chip is used in the design, an external comparator is not needed, and the focus is on the structure of the virtual midpoint of the motor, so the position detection midpoint method is called) is adopted, the judgment of the counter electromotive force zero crossing of the motor is not accurate when the motor is at low speed and is started, the misjudgment is easy to generate, and the counter electromotive force zero crossing point can be accurately judged at high speed; and the ADC sampling method can accurately judge the zero crossing point of the counter electromotive force at low speed, and the misjudgment is easy to occur due to the interference of the magnetic field of the motor at high speed. Therefore the utility model discloses combine the merit and the shortcoming of two kinds of methods, adopt the ADC sampling method to detect the back electromotive force zero passage in low-speed, switch to the position detection mid point method and detect the back electromotive force zero passage in fast-speed, the controller just can be more accurate, stable control motor speed like this, has improved work efficiency.
The specific circuit design scheme is that the direct current brushless motor controller comprises a DC/DC voltage reduction circuit, an MCU inversion control driving circuit and a sensorless detection circuit; the DC/DC voltage reduction circuit supplies power to the MCU inversion control driving circuit, and the permanent magnet direct current brushless motor is driven to work by the MCU inversion control driving circuit; the sensorless detection circuit detects the working voltage and the working current of the permanent magnet brushless direct current motor and sends the detection result to the MCU inversion control driving circuit, the MCU inversion control driving circuit determines the zero crossing point of the back electromotive force according to a position detection midpoint method and an ADC sampling method, and further delays the rotor by 30 degrees of electric angle to determine the phase change time of the motor so as to drive the brushless direct current motor to slowly accelerate until the preset rotating speed is reached.
The further scheme is that the MCU inversion control drive circuit comprises an MCU chip, a drive circuit and an inversion circuit; the sensorless detection circuit comprises a current acquisition module, a voltage acquisition module and a back electromotive force zero-crossing detection circuit; the first output end of the solar cell module is connected with the inverter circuit, and the second output end of the solar cell module is connected with the DC/DC voltage reduction circuit; the output end of the DC/DC voltage reduction circuit is respectively connected with the MCU chip and the drive circuit; the input end of the back electromotive force zero-crossing detection circuit is connected with the direct-current brushless motor through a current acquisition module and a voltage acquisition module respectively, and the output end of the back electromotive force zero-crossing detection circuit is connected with the MCU chip.
The inverter circuit comprises an IGBT power driving part with six switching tubes, the IGBT power driving part is divided into three groups of switching tubes and forms a three-phase bridge, each group of switching tubes is divided into an upper tube and a lower tube, and a tap is led out from the middle of each group of switching tubes to form U-V-W three-phase power and is connected with a three-phase winding of the DC brushless motor.
The further scheme is that the protection circuit further comprises a protection module for carrying out overload protection on the direct current brushless motor, the signal input end of the protection module is respectively connected with the driving circuit and the inverter circuit, and the signal output end of the protection module is connected with the MCU chip. The utility model discloses well protection module of design, when the brushless DC motor normal operating, protection module does not move, and the controller can be adjusted by oneself according to the load change condition of reality in the within range that brushless DC motor can load according to predetermined program control brushless DC motor steady operation, need not artificial participation.
When the direct current brushless motor operates abnormally, for example: when the power supply voltage of the direct current brushless motor is in an overvoltage, undervoltage or overcurrent condition, the direct current brushless motor can make corresponding actions according to the parameters acquired by the protection module, the power supply is cut off, and the controller is closed to protect the direct current brushless motor and the controller. For another example: when the load of the DC brushless motor is overlarge, the DC brushless motor is locked, the protection module is used for closing the controller according to the signal of the over-current, and the power supply is cut off to protect the motor, so that the motor is prevented from being burnt out due to the over-current caused by overload.
The utility model discloses well DC brushless motor's design principle is, and the three-phase back emf that can know the motor according to DC brushless motor's characteristic is flat top width for 120 electrical angle's trapezoidal wave, 120 electrical angle of each other difference between the three-phase back emf, consequently can draw the wave form of three-phase back emf, as shown in figure 4. The back-emf of the stator windings is determined by the rotational speed and position of the rotor. Therefore, as long as a reasonable back electromotive force signal is obtained, the position information can be accurately obtained.
In fig. 5, an electrical cycle is divided into six electrical angles of 60 °, and 6 conduction patterns are uniformly laid out in each interval. We take AB two-phase conduction as an example for analysis. When the AB two phases are conducted, the C phase is suspended, the counter electromotive force of the C counter electromotive force starts to be reduced when the AB phase starts to be conducted, the counter electromotive force is changed into 0 through an electrical angle of 30 degrees, then the counter electromotive force is reversely increased, lags behind the electrical angle of 30 degrees again, and reaches the next phase change moment, namely the AC phase is conducted, and the B phase is suspended. For detecting the back electromotive force zero crossing point of the position-sensorless brushless direct current motor, an effective zero crossing signal can be obtained only by detecting a non-conducting phase generally. In the mathematical model of the dc brushless motor in equation (3), any phase C is taken as the non-conducting phase, and the reverse potential of C can be obtained as follows:
ec＝Uc-R·ic-un(1)
when the C phase is not conducted, the C phase inductive current is discharged instantaneously through the freewheeling diode, and then i phase inductive current is dischargedcWhen 0, it can be considered that:
ec＝Uc-un(2)
according to the formula (2), the magnitude of the counter electromotive force can be deduced according to the voltage of the non-conducting phase end of the motor and the voltage of the neutral point, and the zero-crossing signal of the counter electromotive force is judged, so that the phase change time of the motor is obtained.
Under the current closed-loop control mode, the duty ratio of PWM is continuously increased to improve the average loading voltage value, meanwhile, the switching period is reduced, the rotor rotates in an accelerated mode until the counter electromotive force zero crossing point is met, a counter electromotive force zero crossing point signal is detected and is sequentially phase-changed with a logic phase-changing table, and the motor is switched into a speed current double closed-loop self-control running state.
Before the brushless DC motor is started, the water storage tank needs to be filled with liquid. The motor and its controller protection rating is IP55, considering the on-site salt spray environment. Fig. 2 and 3 are control block diagrams of the motor driving system, in which the normal operating voltage of the solar cell module is in the range of 500 v to 950 v, strong current is supplied to the inverter circuit, and weak current is supplied to the MCU chip through DC/DC. It should be noted here that, the traditional starting without position sensor is to detect the working voltage and the working current of the brushless dc motor, and send the detection result to the MCU inverter control driving circuit, the MCU inverter control driving circuit determines the back electromotive force zero crossing point to perform proper time-delay commutation according to the position detection midpoint method in combination with the ADC sampling method, so as to drive the brushless dc motor to slowly accelerate until reaching the predetermined speed, open-loop control is adopted during starting, this method is suitable for no-load starting, the motor is in the operation process, because of the saline-alkali crystallization in the pump body, it will not be the no-load starting to start the motor, but the loaded starting, in order to increase the starting success rate and protect the IGBT, the utility model discloses a control method for driving brine crystallization pump of the brushless dc motor, comprising the following steps:
the first step, the system initialization step: the system is electrified to enable each module of the controller to finish the electrifying action and finish the preparation work for the subsequent action of the controller;
step two, the step of the initial start of the constant current three-section type motor: setting a preset starting current, electrifying any two-phase winding and switching off the other phase, wherein a synthetic magnetomotive axis of a motor stator has a certain direction in space, dragging a rotor magnetic pole to a position superposed with the magnetic pole, and controlling the process to delay for a period of time by a preset program, so that the initial position of a rotor can be determined; then, the MCU chip generates a PWM waveform to control the inverter circuit, so that the commutation frequency of the inverter circuit is gradually increased from small to large, the speed of the motor exceeds a set value, and the whole acceleration process lasts for 0.5 second; finally, when the system detects that the rotating speed of the motor reaches a set rotating speed, enough back electromotive force can be obtained, a back electromotive force zero crossing point is determined by combining a position detection method, the phase change time of the motor is determined by delaying the electrical angle of the rotor by 30 degrees, and the initial starting of the motor is finished;
thirdly, in a system self-running step, after the motor is started, the system is switched to a rotating speed and current double closed-loop mode, a speed loop is an outer loop, an incremental PID algorithm is used for reading a given rotating speed of the speed, the given rotating speed is compared with an actual rotating speed, deviation is calculated, a given value of the current loop is calculated according to parameters of a proportion Kp and an integral Ki in the speed loop, and then the given value of the current loop is updated; and when the current loop is an inner loop, comparing the current loop with an actual current feedback value by using an incremental PID algorithm according to the output of the speed loop, calculating deviation, calculating the duty ratio of PWM according to the parameters of the proportion Kp and the integral Ki in the current loop, and then updating the parameters of the PWM. And the four groups of parameters are adjusted on line, so that the control performance of the system is optimal.
Fourthly, detecting the voltage of the solar cell module through a voltage sensor in the running process of the direct current brushless motor, if the voltage is lower than 500V, starting undervoltage protection by the system, and if the voltage is higher than 950V, starting overvoltage protection by the system, and stopping running the system at the moment; and in the shutdown process, the bus voltage value is collected every 1 minute, and if the voltage returns to the working range, the controller automatically restarts the motor.
The output of the traditional position type PID control is related to the whole past state, and an accumulated value of errors is used, so that the accumulated error of the position type PID control is large; the output of the incremental PID control adopted by the utility model is only related to the error of the current beat and the error of the previous two beats, so the accumulated error of the incremental PID control is relatively smaller; and because the incremental PID outputs the control quantity increment, if the computer has a fault, the malfunction influence is small, the execution mechanism has a memory function and can still keep the original position, the work of the system can not be seriously influenced, and the output of the position type directly corresponds to the output of an object, so the influence on the system is large.
The second step of the initial starting of the constant current three-section motor comprises the following steps: if the positive rotation of the motor is realized, leading to the connection of the AB two phases and the disconnection of the C phase, delaying the process by a program for a period of time, then connecting the AC two phases, disconnecting the B phase, delaying the process for a period of time to ensure the initial position of the rotor, and then according to the phase change sequence of positive rotation phase change logic BC- > BA- > CA- > CB- > AB- > AC of the motor; if the system requires inversion, firstly switching on the AB two phases, switching off the C phase, delaying for a period of time, switching on the CB two phases, switching off the A phase, delaying for a period of time, completing initial positioning of the rotor, and then sequentially switching phases according to inversion commutation logic CA- > BA- > BC- > AC- > AB- > CB.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a brine crystallization pump controlling means, its characterized in that, includes solar module, solar module's output is connected with DC brushless motor controller, DC brushless motor controller's output is connected with DC brushless motor, DC brushless motor's output is connected with the high rotational speed water pump that has high pressure water spray gun through elastic coupling, the end of intaking of high rotational speed water pump is connected with the water storage tank.
2. The brine crystallization pump control device of claim 1, wherein the DC brushless motor controller comprises a DC/DC voltage reduction circuit, an MCU inverter control drive circuit, and a sensorless detection circuit; the DC/DC voltage reduction circuit supplies power to the MCU inversion control driving circuit, and the DC brushless motor is driven to work by the MCU inversion control driving circuit; the sensorless detection circuit detects the working voltage and the working current of the direct-current brushless motor and sends the detection result to the MCU inversion control driving circuit, the MCU inversion control driving circuit determines the zero crossing point of the back electromotive force according to a position detection midpoint method and an ADC sampling method, and the current closed-loop control is combined to delay the rotor by 30 degrees of electric angle to determine the phase change time of the motor so as to drive the direct-current brushless motor to slowly accelerate until the preset rotating speed is reached.
3. The brine crystallization pump control device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the MCU inverter control driving circuit comprises an MCU chip, a driving circuit and an inverter circuit; the sensorless detection circuit comprises a current acquisition module, a voltage acquisition module and a back electromotive force zero-crossing detection circuit; the first output end of the solar cell module is connected with the inverter circuit, and the second output end of the solar cell module is connected with the DC/DC voltage reduction circuit; the output end of the DC/DC voltage reduction circuit is respectively connected with the MCU chip and the drive circuit; the input end of the back electromotive force zero-crossing detection circuit is connected with the direct-current brushless motor through a current acquisition module and a voltage acquisition module respectively, and the output end of the back electromotive force zero-crossing detection circuit is connected with the MCU chip.
4. The brine crystallization pump control device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the inverter circuit comprises an IGBT power driving unit with six switching tubes, the IGBT power driving unit is divided into three groups of switching tubes and forms a three-phase bridge, each group of switching tubes is divided into an upper tube and a lower tube, a tap is led out from the middle of each group of switching tubes to form U-V-W three-phase power, and the switching tubes are connected with three-phase windings of the DC brushless motor.
5. The brine crystallization pump control device as claimed in claim 4, further comprising a protection module for performing overload protection on the dc brushless motor, wherein the signal input terminal of the protection module is connected to the driving circuit and the inverter circuit, respectively, and the signal output terminal of the protection module is connected to the MCU chip.
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| CN201821855411.9U CN210068451U (en) | 2018-11-12 | 2018-11-12 | Brine crystallizing pump control device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201821855411.9U CN210068451U (en) | 2018-11-12 | 2018-11-12 | Brine crystallizing pump control device |
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| CN210068451U true CN210068451U (en) | 2020-02-14 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109441790A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-03-08 | 无锡双能达科技有限公司 | A kind of brine crystallization apparatus for controlling pump and its control method |
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- 2018-11-12 CN CN201821855411.9U patent/CN210068451U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109441790A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-03-08 | 无锡双能达科技有限公司 | A kind of brine crystallization apparatus for controlling pump and its control method |
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