CN210067289U - Composite material fire-resistant stair - Google Patents
Composite material fire-resistant stair Download PDFInfo
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- CN210067289U CN210067289U CN201920414647.7U CN201920414647U CN210067289U CN 210067289 U CN210067289 U CN 210067289U CN 201920414647 U CN201920414647 U CN 201920414647U CN 210067289 U CN210067289 U CN 210067289U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a composite material fire-resistant stair, the running-board and the cross-section that are the zigzag including the cross-section are the wave and are located the composite material flame retardant coating of running-board below, the running-board adopts combined material, and it has the composite material flame retardant coating to cover equally on the running-board, it has insulation material to fill between running-board and the composite material flame retardant coating, and thickness is thickest between running-board leading edge dog-ear position and the composite material flame retardant coating, the fixed bolt nut fastener of composite material flame retardant coating passes thickest insulation material and running-board leading edge dog-ear position fixed connection, the composite material flame retardant coating is by interior toward the thermal-insulated membrane of polymer outward in proper order, thermal-insulated fire-resistant felt, ceramic fiber. When guaranteeing that the stair product insulates against heat, structural strength is featured, subtract heavy about 54%, make the product reach the lightweight demand, improved the product but the reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a stair, a combined material fire resistant stair specifically says so.
Background
Currently, with the development of science and technology, composite materials such as carbon fibers have significant applications in the fields of aerospace, national defense and military, construction, and automobile manufacturing, which have strict requirements on strength, rigidity, weight, fatigue characteristics, and the like, due to the excellent characteristics of small specific gravity, large specific strength, large specific modulus, and the like. Along with the special application of composite material products in many fields is more and more extensive, also more and more to composite material's requirement, for example to the stair product that is used for the vehicle, when satisfying demands such as its lightweight, need design the stair of a fire-resistant structure, satisfy the fire-resistant, the high temperature resistant characteristic of composite material stair product, personnel can flee safely when guaranteeing to take place emergency.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the utility model aims to provide a composite material fire-resistant stair.
The utility model aims at achieving the above-mentioned purpose, a refractory stair of combined material, the running-board and the cross-section that are the zigzag including the cross-section are the wave and are located the combined material flame retardant coating of running-board below, the running-board adopts combined material, and it has the combined material flame retardant coating to cover equally on the running-board, it has insulation material to fill between running-board and the combined material flame retardant coating, and thickness is thickest between running-board leading edge dog-ear position and the combined material flame retardant coating, the fixed bolt and nut fastener of combined material flame retardant coating passes thickest insulation material and running-board leading edge dog-ear position fixed connection, the combined material flame retardant coating is by interior toward the thermal-insulated membrane of polymer outward in proper order, thermal-insulated refractory felt.
The specific specification is that when the staircase is tested according to the latest version of the american society for testing and materials E119, the staircase panel will pass all test standards and achieve a 30 minute endurance rating, and furthermore, the surface temperature of the unexposed side (top) of 120 degrees fahrenheit (48.9 degrees celsius) will not be exceeded during testing. According to the technical requirements, the staircase is subjected to flame roasting with the temperature up to 843 ℃ on the back surface, and the fireproof structure on the back surface of the staircase can ensure that the temperature of the upper surface of the staircase does not exceed 48.9 ℃.
The utility model discloses it is thermal-insulated structural design essentially, the heat resistance of thermal insulation material will be considered simultaneously, and the structure that will reach 30 minutes is fire-resistant, needs to guarantee in 30 minutes, and thermal insulation material does not become invalid, and the heat dissipation capacity under the surface rated temperature that is not heated is not exceeded to the heat flow that passes through.
The composite material fireproof structure of the pedal meets the design of environmental protection and high heat insulation. Composite refractory structures need to ensure thermal insulation effectiveness from the insulating refractory layer structure. The surface material closest to the fire source is a layer of stainless steel skin with the thickness of about 0.5m, then a layer of ceramic fiber felt, and then heat-insulating refractory felt and high-molecular heat-insulating film are alternated for 3 layers. The heat-insulating refractory felt is a new material with high heat-insulating property, and can resist heat in short period up to 1000 deg.C, its heat conductivity coefficient is about 0.02, and its heat-insulating layer thickness is greatly reduced. However, this material has a thermal conductivity which rises above 400 ℃ and begins to decay above 650 ℃, and therefore it is necessary to use it in combination with a ceramic fibre mat which has a thermal conductivity of about 0.1 and a thermal resistance of 1200 ℃.
The stainless steel skin insulates against hot combustion gases and against direct radiation. The heat insulation refractory layer can meet the heat insulation requirement in an ideal state by 25m thickness according to calculation, and the heat insulation material has defects due to three heat transfer modes of radiation, conduction and convection, and the heat transfer state is very complex, so that the thickness of 30m is selected. According to juncture of the surface of the corner of the stair, the heat insulation fire-resistant layer is provided with heat insulation layers with different thicknesses from manufacturable angles, the thinnest part is a lower round angle, the thickness is guaranteed to be larger than 30m, the heat insulation fire-resistant layer follows the radian of a stainless steel skin, the lower part of the corner of the front edge of the foot pedal is filled with heat insulation materials for daily use, and the thickest part is close to 100 m. The fastener (i.e. bolt-nut fastener) uses an elongated M4 bolt and nut to avoid local point overheating due to thermal bridge formation.
The utility model has the advantages of it is following: through the heat-insulating fire-resistant layer that adopts polymer heat-insulating membrane, thermal-insulated fire-resistant felt, ceramic fiber felt, stainless steel covering to constitute, carry out optimal design to fire-resistant structure, when guaranteeing that former stair product (no matter adopt stainless steel or combined material's stair) insulate against heat, structural strength is specific, subtracts about 54%, makes the product reach the lightweight demand, has improved the product reliability.
Drawings
The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the composite material refractory layer of the present invention (wherein the composite material is a conventional pedal material).
Detailed Description
As shown in figure 1 and figure 2, the composite material fireproof stair comprises a pedal 1 with a sawtooth-shaped cross section and a composite material fireproof layer 2 with a wavy cross section and located below the pedal 1, the pedal 1 is made of a composite material, the composite material fireproof layer 2 is covered on the pedal 1, a heat insulation material 3 is filled between the pedal 1 and the composite material fireproof layer 2, the thickness between the front edge folding angle part of the pedal 1 and the composite material fireproof layer 2 is the thickest, the thickness between the pedal 1 and the composite material fireproof layer 2 is the thickest 100m, the thinnest part is 30mm, a bolt and nut fastener 8 fixed by the composite material fireproof layer 2 penetrates through the thickest heat insulation material 3 to be fixedly connected with the front edge folding angle part of the pedal 1, and the composite material fireproof layer 2 sequentially comprises a polymer heat insulation film 4, a heat insulation fireproof felt 5, a polymer heat insulation film 4, a heat insulation fireproof felt 5 from inside to outside, The high-polymer heat insulation film comprises a high-polymer heat insulation film 4, a heat insulation refractory felt 5, a ceramic fiber felt 6 and a stainless steel skin 7, wherein the high-polymer heat insulation film 4 and the heat insulation refractory felt 5 are three layers, the thickness of the stainless steel skin 7 is 0.5mm, and the stainless steel skin 7 is located on the outer side and is closest to a fire source.
The weight of the composite material fire-resistant layer 2 is about 10Kg per square meter, and the weight of the staircase using the composite material fire-resistant layer 2 is reduced by about 54 percent compared with the original full stainless steel staircase.
The burning heat flow gas is isolated by the stainless steel skin 7, direct radiation is isolated, the heat insulation fire resistance is delayed to reach the performance decay temperature through the ceramic fiber felt 6, and the effective heat insulation time of the heat insulation fire resistant felt 5 is prolonged. The penetration of heat flow gas to the refractory material is isolated by utilizing the multilayer high-temperature-resistant polymer heat insulation film 4, the temperature rise of a refractory material heat insulation layer is delayed, and finally, the penetrating heat is not enough to enable the surface temperature of the composite material to exceed 48.9 ℃ within 30 minutes, so that the test requirement of American society for testing materials E119 is met.
And (5) performing a preliminary combustion test.
The size of the combustion sample block is 250 multiplied by 250mm, the lower surface is a stainless steel plate with the thickness of 0.8mm, the upper layer is a composite plate with the thickness of 3mm, and the middle layer is a heat-insulating refractory felt with the thickness of 15 mm. The lower portion was used to sear the stainless steel surface using an oxyacetylene flame, the stainless steel was seared red with a red hot area diameter of about 100m and an ablation time of 30 minutes during which the upper surface temperature was measured. The highest temperature of the upper surface does not exceed 120 ℃ in the test, the composite material is not damaged, and no peculiar smell appears in the test process, which is close to the expectation. After the test, the test piece is disassembled, and the heat-insulating refractory felt is not seriously damaged, which shows that the material can meet the requirements. According to the scheme, the product is sent to an external laboratory for final test, and the result completely meets the requirement of fire resistance .
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any person skilled in the art should also realize that such equivalent changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A refractory stair made of composite materials is characterized in that: the composite material is characterized by comprising a pedal with a sawtooth-shaped cross section and a composite material fire-resistant layer with a wavy cross section and positioned below the pedal, wherein the pedal is made of a composite material, a composite material fire-resistant layer covers the pedal in the same way, a heat-insulating material is filled between the pedal and the composite material fire-resistant layer, the thickness between the front edge folding angle part of the pedal and the composite material fire-resistant layer is the thickest, a bolt-nut fastener fixed by the composite material fire-resistant layer penetrates through the thickest heat-insulating material and is fixedly connected with the front edge folding angle part of the pedal, and the composite material fire-resistant layer is composed of a polymer heat-insulating film, a heat-insulating.
2. The composite fire resistant staircase of claim 1, wherein: the polymer heat-insulating film and the heat-insulating refractory felt of the composite material refractory layer are three layers.
3. The composite fire resistant staircase of claim 1, wherein: the thickness between the pedal and the composite material fire-resistant layer is 100m at the maximum, and 30mm at the thinnest part.
4. The composite fire resistant staircase of claim 1, wherein: the stainless steel skin thickness is 0.5 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920414647.7U CN210067289U (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2019-03-29 | Composite material fire-resistant stair |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920414647.7U CN210067289U (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2019-03-29 | Composite material fire-resistant stair |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN210067289U true CN210067289U (en) | 2020-02-14 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920414647.7U Active CN210067289U (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2019-03-29 | Composite material fire-resistant stair |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN210067289U (en) |
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2019
- 2019-03-29 CN CN201920414647.7U patent/CN210067289U/en active Active
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