CN2100633U - Intelligent electronic watt-hour meter - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an intelligent electronic watt-hour meter, comprising a sensor capable of detecting electric current, voltage, frequency and phase, a controlling and processing device for receiving the signals of the sensor, a data communicator, an executive circuit, a magnetic card machine, a liquid crystal display and a power supply circuit; the data communicator, the executive circuit, the magnetic card machine and the liquid crystal display are connected with the controlling and processing device. The sensor comprises an electric current sensor, a voltage/frequency/phase sensor. The controlling and processing device is composed of a single chip computer, an EEPROM, an EPROM, an A/D and D/A converter, a serial interface, etc. The data communicator is a wireless device for frequency modulations, and the controlling and processing device is also connected with a temperature sensor. The utility model has the advantages of multiple functions and high precision, being applicable for monitoring users by the departments of power supply.

Description

Intelligent electronic watt-hour meter

The utility model relates to the electric variable measurement in the physical measurement techniques, specifically, is a kind of be used to measure electric power or current integration, as the tariff meter of the special use of the time integral of measuring consumption.

The watt-hour meter that China generally uses mostly is the mechanical type induction meter, and it has only simple function of measuring, and measuring accuracy is low, also can cause all errors because of factors such as the difference of placing the angle, mechanical wear, mechanical resistances.The design proposal of some intelligent kilowatt-hour meters has been proposed in the Chinese patent application case, as 91212092.4 etc., they are also just on the basis of former mechanical type induction meter, some subsidiary functions have been increased, though function has increased, measuring accuracy etc. still are subjected to the influence of mechanical part, are difficult to overcome, simultaneously, also there are many problems on the performance.

It is many that the purpose of this utility model provides a kind of function, and the measuring accuracy height can be realized the intelligent electronic watt-hour meter of power supply department to the monitoring and the control of electricity consumer.

Technical solution of the present utility model is: a kind of intelligent electronic watt-hour meter, it is by the sensor that can detect electric current, voltage, frequency, phase place, acceptance and processes sensor are sent into the control and treatment device of signal, the data communication equipment, executive circuit, magnetic card machine, the LCD that are connected with the control and treatment device, and power circuit is formed.

Sensor in the utility model can comprise current sensor, voltage/frequency/phase detector.

Control and treatment device in the utility model can be by single-chip microcomputer, and the EEPROM that links to each other with single-chip microcomputer, EPROM, A/D converter, D/A converter, standard serial interface are formed.

Data communication equipment in the utility model can be radio frequcny modulation data communication device.

Executive circuit in the utility model can adopt solid-state relay.

Control and treatment device in the utility model also can be connected to temperature sensor.

Control and treatment device in the utility model also can be connected to sound, light warning device.

Power circuit in the utility model adopts step-down rectifying circuit or battery circuit.

Current sensor in the utility model can adopt the self-saturation current sensor.

In the utility model, can be connected to controlled constant current source between D/A converter and current sensor.

The utility model has the advantages that: can realize gaining merit/idle energy consumption, pre-payment, residue cable; reach the multinomial function of multiple rate calculating, multiple rate adjustment etc.; also can monitor and control electricity consumer by power supply department; owing to strengthen software design and adopt EEPROM; itself also has self check and power-down protection, has realized the electronic and intelligent of watt-hour meter.The functional module structure mode has been adopted in inside, can be assembled into single-phase, three-phase, and different intelligent electronic watt-hour meter of function such as wire/wireless communication, magnetic card type pre-payment easily.When data such as collection electric current, voltage, frequency, phase place, adopted digital filtering technique, and temperature compensation, measured signal self interference and sensor or extraneous interference have been reduced, improved measuring accuracy, added and adopt Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system to make this kind watt-hour meter can under the high-interference environment of complexity, carry out the pinpoint accuracy metering.Adopt radio frequcny modulation data communicator, can be implemented under the situation that does not have the radio communication relaying, communication distance is not less than 10 kilometers, greatly facilitates the control of power supply department to electricity consumer.Standby Ni-Cd nickel-cadmium has also improved the reliability of work.

The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:

Fig. 1 is the basic circuit structure synoptic diagram of a kind of intelligent electronic watt-hour meter of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is control and treatment device and sound and light alarm, control circuit electrical schematic diagram.

Fig. 3 is LCD and accessory circuit electrical schematic diagram.

Fig. 4 detects electrical schematic diagram for load current.

Fig. 5 is voltage/frequency/phase-detection and temperature survey electrical schematic diagram.

Fig. 6 is a magnetic card machine circuit electrical schematic diagram.

Fig. 7 is the power circuit electrical schematic diagram.

Fig. 8 is a serial line interface.

Fig. 9 is a radio frequcny modulation data communicator radiating portion electrical schematic diagram.

Figure 10 is a radio frequcny modulation data communicator receiving unit electrical schematic diagram.

Fig. 1 has described a kind of intelligent electronic watt-hour meter of the present utility model.It has a control and treatment device 4, the electric current of the load 10 that current sensor 1 detects, and send into control and treatment device 4 by the corresponding signal that voltage/frequency/phase detector 2 detects through an analog switch 9, the detection signal of temperature sensor 3 is also sent into control and treatment device 4 through analog switch 9.All detect data after the control and treatment device carries out data processing, can obtain on-Line Voltage, electric current, frequency, intermediate variable such as phase place and temperature coefficient, and then obtain active electrical degree amount through overfrequency and temperature compensation, idle electricity, and calculate electricity cost according to multiple rate, carry out comprehensive computing with magnetic card machine 7 from the data that magnetic card reads, obtain remaining cost, and desired data shown on LCD 11, also can carry out data communication by radio frequcny modulation data communicator 5 and power supply department, or by behind the power supply department input password, multiple rate is adjusted, also can send instruction by data communication equipment 5 to control and treatment device 4 by power supply department, control reaches the purpose to customer charge control as solid-state relay 6 actions of executive circuit.Control and treatment device 4 can be through controlled constant current source 8 Control current sensors 1, the A/D conversion range requirement when satisfying the load current data acquisition.Power supply 12 provides corresponding power supply for above-mentioned each circuit.

Fig. 2 has described a kind of control and treatment device of the present utility model.It comprises a single-chip microcomputer IC16, model 8031, single-chip microcomputer IC16 is connected to electric capacity 4C1,4C2,4C3, resistance 4R1, crystal oscillator JA, attached devices such as diode 4V1, its data bus dbus and latch IC18(model 373), EPROMIC20(model 2732), code translator IC19(model 374) etc. EEPROMIC21(model 2816A), link to each other; The address bus of single-chip microcomputer IC16 then with latch IC18, EPROMIC20, EEPROM etc. are connected: the ALE of single-chip microcomputer IC16 is connected with latch IC18; The respective foot of single-chip microcomputer is through one or be connected with the OE of EEPROM.Latch IC18, code translator IC17, IC19, EPROMIC20, EEPROMIC21 etc. remove the attached device that is connected to respectively separately: electric capacity 4C4,4C5,4C6, outside the resistance 4R2-4R9 etc., also respectively with A0, A1, A2, A7, A8, A9, A10, the A11 of single-chip microcomputer IC16,00H-07H, 80H-87H, WR etc. link to each other, to finish function corresponding, the connection between aforementioned pin can be with reference to the operation instruction and the typical circuit of common single-chip microcomputer and accessory circuit.Code translator IC19 is connected to by resistance 4R10,4R11,4R12,4R17, electric capacity 4C7,4C8,4C9, loudspeaker CY, light emitting diode 4V3, and dual time base circuit IC27(model 556) wait the acousto-optic acknowledge circuit of composition.Code translator IC19 also is connected to by resistance 4R14,4R15, electric capacity 4C104C11, photocoupler D, bilateral diode DITR, diode 4V2, bidirectional triode thyristor SCR, and the solid-state relay SSR of rectifier composition.

Fig. 3 has described a kind of LCD circuit of the present utility model, it comprises LCD, be 4056 by integrated circuit (IC) 23, IC24, IC25, IC26(model) etc. the driving circuit formed, by integrated circuit (IC) 22(model 4047), the oscillatory circuit that resistance 4R16, electric capacity 4C12 etc. form, integrated circuit (IC) 23, IC24, IC25, IC26 respectively with the data bus dbus of aforementioned single-chip microcomputer IC16, connections such as pin 84H, 85H, connection can be referring to common method of attachment.

Fig. 4 has described load current of the present utility model and has detected electrical schematic diagram.Three current sensor B1, B2, B3, with current conditions in the A, the B that sense, the C triple-phase line respectively through diode 2V1,2V2,2V3, resistance 2R1,2R2,2R3 send into analog switch IC1(model 4067), connection is referring to common connection, and analog switch IC1 sends into signal the single-chip microcomputer respective pins again.Current sensor B1, B2, B3 are also through a D/A converter IC3(model AD7520), one by high-power complex pipe 2BG1, integrated circuit (IC) 2(model LF353) etc. the controlled constant current source formed accept the control of single-chip microcomputer, when this watt-hour meter work, single-chip microcomputer is by the selected Control current IKi of the electric current I ze when the time ti-1, through the electric current I K of D/A converter, controlled constant current source control self-saturation sensor B1, B2, B3, the A/D conversion range requirement when satisfying the load current data acquisition.If A/D converter has spill over, then single-chip microcomputer will be adjusted IK, and self-saturation current sensor B1, B2, B3 are carried out Correction and Control, to reach the purpose of correct measurement load current.D/A converter is through integrated circuit (IC) 4, IC5(model 74LS373) connect the single-chip microcomputer respective pins.

Fig. 5 has described voltage/frequency/phase place and the temperature survey electricity principle in the utility model.Triple-phase line A, B, C meet sensor B4, B5, B6, analog switch IC1(model 4067) under the control of single-chip microcomputer, through resistance 3R1,3R2,3R3, diode 3V1,3V2,3V3 acquisition time after as the rectification of online effective voltage data and without one group of instantaneous voltage of rectification, after carrying out data processing by single-chip microcomputer, can obtain the actual value of online effective voltage, online frequency, at phase of line, and calculate instantaneous meritorious and reactive power in view of the above, and then be superposed to meritorious and idle energy consumption.Analog switch IC1 output signal is through an A/D converter IC6(model 14433) send into aforementioned single-chip microcomputer respective pins, A/D converter IC6 is connected to subsidiary component: electric capacity 3C1,3C2,3C3,3C4, resistance 3R7,3R8,3R9, integrated circuit (IC) 5 etc.One by platinum resistance temperature sensor Rt, resistance 3R5,3R6, and the temperature sensor circuit that integrated circuit (IC) 4 is formed also meets analog switch IC1.

Fig. 6 has described magnetic card machine circuit of the present utility model.It is by the magnetic card machine movement, integrated circuit (IC) 28(model LM339), resistance 4R17,4R18,4R19,4R20,4R214R22,4R23,4R24,4R25,4R26,4R27,4R28,4R29,4R30, electric capacity 4C13,4C14,4C15,4C16,4C17, diode 4D1,4D2 etc. form it and link to each other with pins such as P3.0, the P3.1 of aforementioned single-chip microcomputer, 05H.

Fig. 7 has described power circuit of the present utility model.It is by transformer, the rectifier bridge heap, and integrated regulator 7805,7815,7915,7824, filter capacitor 4C18,4C20,4C224C24, and electric capacity 4C19,4C21,4C23,4C25 etc. form.

Fig. 8 has described the serial interface circuit that the utility model adopted.Its by or door IC11 and integrated circuit (IC) 7(model 1/6 74LS367), IC8(model 1489), IC9(model 1/2 4013), IC10(model 1488) etc. institute form, pins such as P0.7 RD, the CS of itself and single-chip microcomputer, WR join, and respectively with the radiating circuit of radio frequcny modulation data communicator in integrated circuit MC2831A, and receiving circuit in integrated circuit 74LS123 join.

Fig. 9 has described the radiating circuit in the radio frequcny modulation data communicator that the utility model adopted.It is by integrated circuit (IC) 12(model MC2831A), coil or inductance 5L1,5L25L3,5L4,5L5,5L6,5L7, emitting antenna, transistor 5BG1,5BG2,5BG35BG4, electric capacity 5C1,5C2,5C3,5C4,5C5,5C6,5C7,5C8,5C9,5C10,5C11,5C12,5C13,5C14,5C15,5C16,5C17,5C18,5C19,5C20,5C21,5C22,5C23,5C24, resistance 5R1,5R2,5R3,5R4,5R5,5R6,5R7,5R8,5R9,5R10, transformer 5B1,5B2,5B35B4, and crystal oscillator etc. is formed.Integrated circuit (IC) 12 is joined with aforementioned serial interface circuit.

Figure 10 has described the receiving circuit in the radio frequcny modulation data communicator that the utility model adopted.It is by integrated circuit (IC) 13(model MC3361), IC14(model 74CS1IC15(model 318), receiving antenna, coil 5L7,5L8,5L9, transformer 5B5,5B6, transistor 5BG5,5BG6,5BG7, crystal oscillator, resistance 5R11,5R12,5R13,5R14,5R15,5R16,5R17,5R18,5R19,5R20,5R21,5R22,5R23,5R24,5R25,5R26,5R27, electric capacity 5C25,5C26,5C27,5C28,5C29,5C30,5C31,5C32,5C33,5C34,5C35,5C36,5C37,5C38,5C39,5C40,5C41,5C42,5C43,5C44,5C45,5C46,5C47,5C48,5C49,5C50,5C51 etc. form.Integrated circuit (IC) 14 links to each other with aforementioned serial interface circuit.

The utility model has adopted digital filtering technique and the data processing technique of planning strategies at random, and each on-line measurement value has been carried out data processing and compensation, makes measuring accuracy be not less than 0.1 grade.Also utilize the hardware capability of instrument self to carry out self check, if instrumentation is normal, display shows " GOOd " printed words, otherwise shows " ErrO " printed words.Above-mentioned functions realizes by software design.

The key technical indexes of the present utility model meets the IEC standard.Can accomplish that the error under the 1%-100% load is not less than 0.1 grade, its sensitivity is 0.1% of rated load.

Consider that electricity consumer is when reality is used, it is that load current changes greatly that power consumption changes, general current sensor is difficult to adapt to the needs of wide-range range, therefore, the utility model adopts the autotransducer principle, design and trial-produce the self-saturation current sensor successfully and works this sensor under the control of single-chip microcomputer by D/A converter and controlled constant current source, do not need to design in addition the range change-over circuit again.The data acquisition of voltage, frequency, phase place is to make single-chip microcomputer and A/D converter realize the digital frequency meter function on software, promptly by software setting the time base, by gathering the instantaneous voltage of voltage/frequency/phase detector, judge zero crossing, go out frequency and phase place by computed in software.

After single-chip microcomputer collects relevant data, again by software to each The data abandon maximum, minimum value, get the digital filtering technique of remainder data mean value again, to reach jamproof purpose.

After aforementioned two sensors having been carried out tens of inferior data tests, will be in the data in the utility model range ability, by the microcomputer data processing of planning strategies at random, adopted index method, get every coefficient, set up aforementioned two The Mathmatic Models of Instrument Transducers and be:

$V_I=\underset{i=o}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{a}_i{X}^{:i}$ And V _V=a+be ^X

And, simultaneously, also set up the digital mould that temperature and frequency compensation are used with regression analysis with this basis as data processing software in the utility model, constituted active power and reactive power frequency and temperature compensation software for calculation.

Claims (10)

1, a kind of intelligent electronic watt-hour meter, it is characterized in that: by the sensor that can detect electric current, voltage, frequency, phase place, acceptance and processes sensor are sent into the control and treatment device of signal, the data communication equipment, executive circuit, magnetic card machine, the LCD that are connected with the control and treatment device, and power circuit is formed.

2, intelligent electronic watt-hour meter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: sensor comprises current sensor, voltage/frequency/phase detector.

3, intelligent electronic watt-hour meter according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the control and treatment device is by single-chip microcomputer, and the EEPROM that links to each other with single-chip microcomputer, EPROM, A/D converter, D/A converter, standard serial interface are formed.

4, intelligent electronic watt-hour meter according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: data communication equipment is a radio frequcny modulation data communication device.

5, intelligent electronic watt-hour meter according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: executive circuit adopts solid-state relay.

6, intelligent electronic watt-hour meter according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the control and treatment device is connected to temperature sensor.

7, intelligent electronic watt-hour meter according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the control and treatment device is connected to sound, light warning device.

8, intelligent electronic watt-hour meter according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: power circuit adopts step-down rectifying circuit or battery circuit.

9, intelligent electronic watt-hour meter according to claim 2 is characterized in that: current sensor adopts the self-saturation current sensor.

10, intelligent electronic watt-hour meter according to claim 3 is characterized in that: be connected to controlled constant current source between D/A converter and current sensor.

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