CN210041739U

CN210041739U - Photovoltaic module easy to recycle

Info

Publication number: CN210041739U
Application number: CN201920989554.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陆晓曼; 訾威; 徐迎春; 刘江峰
Original assignee: Xinyang Normal University
Current assignee: Xinyang Normal University
Priority date: 2019-06-28
Filing date: 2019-06-28
Publication date: 2020-02-07
Anticipated expiration: 2029-06-28

Abstract

The utility model discloses an easy-to-recycle photovoltaic assembly, which comprises a power generation chip, a front plate and a rear plate, wherein the power generation chip is arranged between the front plate and the rear plate to form a laminated piece, and the periphery of the laminated piece is sealed by a peripheral protection structure; the power generation chip is completely adhered to the front plate or is adhered to the layout of the front plate, and the power generation chip is locally adhered to the rear plate; and a junction box for leading out the electrodes is arranged on the outer wall of the back plate. The power generation chip is not firmly bonded with the front plate and the back plate, but forms an independent chip. When carrying out the subassembly and retrieving, only need remove protection architecture all around, perhaps add local processing again, the front and back board just takes off from the electricity generation chip very easily, and the subassembly is retrieving or electricity generation chip maintenance or when changing, can simply carry out the split easily, realizes economic recovery.

Description

Photovoltaic module easy to recycle

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the photovoltaic board, in particular to easily retrieve photovoltaic module.

Background

The photovoltaic industry is currently developing rapidly worldwide, and photovoltaic energy is considered to be one of the most important clean energy sources in the twenty-first world due to its sufficient cleanliness, safety, relative resource universality and the like. In recent years, regions and countries such as China, Europe, America and southeast Asia have given support policies for photovoltaic research and application in sequence, and the development of the photovoltaic industry in China is supported. By the end of 2017, the global photovoltaic loading exceeds 400 GWP. According to the statistical data of the national energy bureau of China, the photovoltaic accumulation installation reaches 130.25GWP by 2017. The newly added machine loading amount continuously occupies the first global position for 5 years, and the accumulated machine loading amount continuously occupies the first global position for 3 years. Photovoltaic modules are essentially electronic devices that are discarded after a certain period of time. Statistically, by 2030, a single chinese waste photovoltaic module can produce 145 million tons of carbon steel, 110 million tons of glass, 54 million tons of plastic, 26 million tons of aluminum, 17 million tons of copper, 5 million tons of silicon, and 550 tons of silver. Conservative calculations, by 2050, the discarded photovoltaic modules will reach 0.78 billion tons and the global market value of the commodity will reach $ 150 billion. Because the photovoltaic is applied as an energy source on a large scale in 2008 to the present, people pay more attention to how to use, how to improve efficiency and reduce cost, so that photovoltaic power generation can realize the flat-price internet surfing early, and the cost can be matched with the thermal power cost. There is relatively little research into how to recover the photovoltaic module at the end of its life. From the global perspective, the convenient research is weak, the recovery methods reported at present are chemical recovery method and heat treatment recovery method, the economic benefit of the investment far greater than the output is from the actual recovery condition, and the industrialized and large-scale recovery is difficult.

The traditional photovoltaic module is structurally characterized in that a front plate glass, a cell piece and a back plate (including a glass back plate) are firmly bonded together by using a film to form a complete laminated piece. When the assembly is recycled, the film is difficult to separate from the front plate glass and the back plate or the economic cost required for separating is large, the battery piece is also difficult to separate from the packaging adhesive film or the economic cost required for separating is large, and the economic recycling is difficult to realize.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide an easily retrieve photovoltaic module, on the basis that does not increase current subassembly manufacturing cost, power generation chip, front bezel and back plate readily releasable realize that the subassembly easily retrieves.

The utility model discloses a realize through following technical scheme:

an easily-recycled photovoltaic module comprises a power generation chip, a front plate and a rear plate, wherein the power generation chip is arranged between the front plate and the rear plate to form a laminated piece, and the periphery of the laminated piece is sealed through a periphery protection structure;

the power generation chip is completely or partially adhered to the front plate, and the power generation chip is partially adhered to the rear plate;

and a junction box for leading out the electrodes is arranged on the outer wall of the back plate.

Further, the power generation chip comprises an upper adhesive film, a battery piece and a lower adhesive film, wherein the battery piece is packaged between the upper adhesive film and the lower adhesive film.

Furthermore, the upper surface and the lower surface of the battery piece are coated with non-stick films which are not stuck with the upper adhesive film and the lower adhesive film.

Further, when the power generation chip which is locally adhered to both the front plate and the rear plate is manufactured, the non-stick film is locally coated on the outer surfaces of the upper adhesive film and the lower adhesive film, or the non-stick film is locally coated on the inner sides of the front plate and the rear plate;

when the power generation chip is completely adhered to the front plate and partially adhered to the rear plate, the non-adhesive film is partially coated on the outer surface of the lower adhesive film, or the non-adhesive film is partially coated on the inner side of the rear plate.

Furthermore, when the non-stick film between the front plate and the upper adhesive film needs to be taken out, a local sealing opening is reserved between the power generation chip and the front plate;

when the non-stick film between the rear plate and the lower adhesive film needs to be taken out, a local sealing opening is reserved between the power generation chip and the rear plate.

Further, the non-stick film is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

Further, the local adhesion is a sheet adhesion, a line adhesion or a dot adhesion.

Further, the periphery protection structure is a sealant or a metal frame, and when the metal frame is adopted, a buffer device is additionally arranged between the metal frame and the laminated piece.

Further, the buffer device is liquid glue or solid adhesive tape.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following profitable technological effect has:

the utility model discloses an easy-to-recycle photovoltaic module, which comprises a power generation chip, a front plate and a back plate, wherein the power generation chip is arranged between the front plate and the back plate to form a laminated piece, the power generation chip is completely or partially adhered to the front plate, and the power generation chip is partially adhered to the back plate; go up the glued membrane and do not bond completely between front bezel or lower glued membrane and the backplate, when carrying out the subassembly and retrieving, need cut the front and back board, just can realize front and back board and the separation of electricity generation chip, electricity generation chip does not bond firmly together with front bezel and backplate, but lets the electricity generation chip form independent chip. When carrying out the subassembly and retrieving, only need remove protection architecture all around, perhaps add local processing again, the front and back board just takes off from the electricity generation chip very easily, and the subassembly is retrieving or electricity generation chip maintenance or when changing, can simply carry out the split easily, realizes economic recovery.

Furthermore, the power generation chip is composed of a battery piece, an upper adhesive film and a lower adhesive film, the upper surface and the lower surface of the battery piece are coated with non-stick films which are not stuck with the upper adhesive film and the lower adhesive film, the battery piece is not stuck with the upper adhesive film and the lower adhesive film completely, the upper adhesive film and the lower adhesive film can be cut, the battery piece can be taken out, the battery piece is separated from the adhesive films, the complete battery piece is obtained easily, and the battery piece is recycled or replaced and maintained individually, so that the effects of economically recycling the battery piece and maintaining the battery piece are achieved.

Furthermore, in order to take out the non-stick film conveniently, a local sealing opening is prefabricated between the power generation chip and the front and rear plates, and when the non-stick film needs to be taken out, the non-stick film can be taken out from the sealing opening.

Furthermore, the non-stick material is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, is non-stick to most of battery piece packaging glue at high temperature, is easy to obtain and low in cost, and is a good non-stick material.

Furthermore, when the metal section is selected for the periphery protection structure, a buffer material is added between the metal section and the laminated member, so that the front plate, the rear plate and the power generation chip are combined together, and the wind resistance level of the assembly is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic front structural view of the photovoltaic module easy to recycle according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic side view of the photovoltaic module of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the front structure of the power generating chip of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic side view of the power generating chip of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the periphery being sealed with a sealant.

Wherein, 1 is a power generation chip, 1-1 is an upper adhesive film, 1-2 is a lower adhesive film, 1-3 is a battery piece, 1-4 is an upper edge of the chip, 1-5 is a left edge of the chip, 1-6 is a right edge of the chip, 1-7 is a lower edge of the chip, 1-8 is a local sealing opening, 2 is a laminated piece, 2-1 is a front plate, 2-2 is a rear plate, 3 is a peripheral protection structure, 3-1 is a metal frame, 3-2 is a buffer device, 3-3 is a sealant, 4 is a junction box, and 5 is a non-stick film.

Detailed Description

The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the photovoltaic module easy to recycle of the present invention includes a power generation chip 1, a front plate 2-1 and a back plate 2-2, the power generation chip 1 is placed between the front plate 2-1 and the back plate 2-2 to form a laminated member 2 similar to a sandwich structure, and the periphery of the laminated member 2 is sealed by a peripheral protection structure 3; and a junction box 4 for leading out an electrode is arranged on the outer wall of the back plate 2-2.

The power generation chip 1 comprises an upper adhesive film 1-1, a battery piece 1-3 and a lower adhesive film 1-2, wherein the battery piece 1-3 is packaged between the upper adhesive film 1-1 and the lower adhesive film 1-2. The power generation chip 1 is formed by packaging battery pieces 1-3 in a material with good weather resistance and insulating property to form a power generation component; the upper adhesive film 1-1 and the lower adhesive film 1-2 can be made of one or more of polyethylene-polyvinyl acetate copolymer EVA, polyolefin PO, polyvinyl butyral PVB and silica gel, so that the battery piece can well resist ultraviolet rays, external water vapor and corrosion.

The packaging method is compatible with a conventional crystalline silicon assembly packaging process, before the battery piece 1-3 is not laminated, a layer of non-sticky material which is not sticky with an upper adhesive film and a lower adhesive film is covered on the upper surface and the lower surface of the battery piece 1-3, then the non-sticky material is partially covered between the upper adhesive film 1-1 and the front plate 2-1 and between the lower adhesive film 1-2 and the rear plate 2-2 or only the non-sticky material is partially covered between the lower adhesive film 1-2 and the rear plate 2-2, then lamination is carried out to form a lamination piece, and sealant 3-3 is applied to the periphery of the lamination piece or a metal frame.

When the power generation chip 1 is manufactured, the battery pieces 1-3 which are welded in series are laid or coated with the non-stick film 5 from top to bottom, and then the non-stick film 1-1 and the lower adhesive film 1-2 are covered on the non-stick film. When the power generation chip 1 which is locally adhered to the front plate 2-1 and the rear plate 2-2 is manufactured, the non-stick film 5 is locally coated on the outer surfaces of the upper adhesive film 1-1 and the lower adhesive film 1-2, or the non-stick film 5 is locally coated on the inner sides of the front plate 2-1 and the rear plate 2-2; when the power generation chip 1 which is completely adhered to the front plate 2-1 and is adhered to the layout of the rear plate 2-2 is manufactured, the non-stick film 5 is partially coated on the outer surface of the lower adhesive film 1-2, or the non-stick film 5 is partially coated on the inner side of the rear plate 2-2.

The size of the power generating chip 1 is different, and the size of the non-stick film 5 is determined according to the size of the power generating chip 1. The distance between the upper edge 1-4 of the chip and the upper edge of the non-stick film 5 is generally 5mm-1/2 of the length of the power generation chip 1, the distance between the left edge 1-5 of the chip and the left edge of the non-stick film 5 is generally 5mm-1/2 of the width of the power generation chip 1, the distance between the right edge 1-6 of the chip and the right edge of the non-stick film 5 is generally 5mm-1/2 of the width of the power generation chip 1, and the lower edge 1-7 of the chip completely covers the lower edge of the non-stick film 5 or partially covers the lower edge of the non-stick film 5.

The non-stick film 5 can be made of fluorine-containing material which is non-stick to the conventional material, such as polytetrafluoroethylene material, and the material is non-stick to the packaging adhesive at high temperature, is easy to obtain and low in cost, and is a good non-stick material.

The local adhesion is sheet adhesion, linear adhesion or point adhesion. The assembly can be easily disassembled when being recycled or the power generation chip 1 is maintained or replaced.

The upper adhesive film 1-1 and the lower adhesive film 1-2 do not firmly adhere the front plate 2-1 and the back plate together, but the power generation chip 1 is locally adhered to the front plate 2-1 and the back plate 2-2, and the battery piece 1-3 is not adhered to the packaging adhesive film. When the component is recycled, only the frame or the sealant 3-3 at the periphery is needed to be removed, or partial treatment is added, the front plate 2-1 and the rear plate 2-2 can be easily taken down from the power generation chip 1, the battery piece 1-3 can also be obtained by cutting the packaging adhesive film, the complete battery piece 1-3 is easily obtained, and the recycling or individual replacement and maintenance of the battery piece 1-3 are carried out, so that the effects of economically recycling the component and maintaining the component are realized.

The front plate 2-1 and the back plate 2-2 are made of glass, metal sheets or back plates commonly known in the photovoltaic industry, so that the packaged assembly has good weather resistance, aging resistance and water vapor barrier.

The non-stick film 5 is partially covered according to design, and then the power generation chip 1 is placed between the front plate 2-1 and the rear plate 2-2 to form a lamination member for lamination.

Sometimes the non-stick film 5 needs to be removed from the laminate 2 after lamination, and partial seals 1-8 are reserved for the purpose of removing the non-stick film 5 after lamination. Sometimes the non-stick film 5 may remain in the laminate 2 after lamination and need not be removed.

After laminate 2 was prepared, it was protected around its perimeter. When edge seal material sealing is performed, the seal material is placed in position at the edges of the laminate 2 before lamination, and after lamination, an integral seal structure is formed. When the metal frame 3-1 is added, the buffer device 3-2 with buffering, bonding and water resistance properties is required to be added between the frame and the laminated member 2, so that the power generation chip 1, the front plate 2-1 and the rear plate 2-2 can be packaged into a sealed product through the metal frame 3-1 and the buffer device 3-2, and the wind resistance grade of the assembly is improved.

In order to better protect the hair care electric chip 1, better prevent water vapor and harmful gas from entering the interior of the laminated member 2 from the metal frame 3-1, and also in order to enable the whole laminated member 2 to have better hail impact resistance, the frame can be adjustable in thickness and provided with a locking device frame. After the laminated member 2 is assembled on the frame, the locking devices on the frame are locked, so that the front plate 2-1 and the rear plate 2-2 are attached to the power generation chip 1 more tightly, and the frame is attached to the laminated member 2 more tightly.

The packaging method for separating or partially separating the power generation chip 1 from the front plate 2-1 and the rear plate 2-2 and integrally reinforcing and protecting the laminated part 2 by the peripheral protection structure 3 can ensure that the assembly has good weather resistance, and can easily realize the integral disassembly and recovery of the assembly when the assembly is recovered or repaired.

Claims

1. An easily-recycled photovoltaic module is characterized by comprising a power generation chip (1), a front plate (2-1) and a rear plate (2-2), wherein the power generation chip (1) is placed between the front plate (2-1) and the rear plate (2-2) to form a laminated piece (2), and the periphery of the laminated piece (2) is sealed through a peripheral protection structure (3);

the power generation chip (1) is completely or partially adhered to the front plate (2-1), and the power generation chip (1) is partially adhered to the rear plate (2-2);

and a junction box (4) for leading out an electrode is arranged on the outer wall of the rear plate (2-2).

2. The easily recyclable photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the power generating chip (1) comprises an upper adhesive film (1-1), a battery piece (1-3) and a lower adhesive film (1-2), and the battery piece (1-3) is packaged between the upper adhesive film (1-1) and the lower adhesive film (1-2).

3. The photovoltaic module as claimed in claim 2, wherein the upper and lower surfaces of the cell sheet (1-3) are coated with a non-stick film (5) which is non-stick to the upper adhesive film (1-1) and the lower adhesive film (1-2).

4. The easily recyclable photovoltaic module according to claim 2, wherein when manufacturing the power generating chip (1) partially adhered to both the front plate (2-1) and the rear plate (2-2), the outer surfaces of the upper adhesive film (1-1) and the lower adhesive film (1-2) are partially coated with the non-stick film (5), or the inner sides of the front plate (2-1) and the rear plate (2-2) are partially coated with the non-stick film (5);

when the power generation chip (1) is completely adhered to the front plate (2-1) and partially adhered to the rear plate (2-2), the non-stick film (5) is partially coated on the outer surface of the lower adhesive film (1-2) or the non-stick film (5) is partially coated on the inner side of the rear plate (2-2).

5. The easily-recycled photovoltaic module as claimed in claim 4, wherein when the non-stick film (5) between the front plate (2-1) and the upper adhesive film (1-1) needs to be taken out, a local sealing opening (1-8) is reserved between the power generation chip (1) and the front plate (2-1);

when the non-stick film (5) between the rear plate (2-2) and the lower adhesive film (1-2) needs to be taken out, a local sealing opening (1-8) is reserved between the power generation chip (1) and the rear plate (2-2).

6. Easy recovery photovoltaic module according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the non-stick film (5) is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

7. The easy recovery photovoltaic module of claim 1 wherein the local adhesion is a sheet adhesion, a line adhesion, or a dot adhesion.

8. Easy-to-recycle photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that the perimeter protection structure (3) is a sealant (3-3) or a metal frame (3-1), and when a metal frame (3-1) is used, a buffer element (3-2) is added between the metal frame (3-1) and the laminate (2).

9. Easy-to-recycle photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that the buffer means (3-2) is a liquid glue or a solid adhesive tape.