Fuel cell hydrogen inlet adjusting device and fuel cell system applying same
The technical field is as follows:
the utility model relates to a fuel cell advances hydrogen adjusting device and fuel cell system of using thereof.
Background art:
with the continuous increase of national economy and the continuous improvement of the living standard of people in China, automobiles become necessary tools for people to go out, with the increase of haze of a plurality of cities in China, people are made to realize that the development of new energy is unsmooth, new energy automobiles are regarded as an important link of energy transformation, and proton exchange membrane fuel cell automobiles are regarded as the most mature representatives of the electric quantity production of the new energy automobiles at present. The hydrogen and oxygen in the air are chemically reacted to generate electric energy, so that the automobile is driven to move forward. The fuel cell automobile does not generate carbon dioxide basically, and has a series of advantages of simple structure, no pollution to the atmosphere, energy conservation, high efficiency and the like as a new-generation new energy automobile. The optimization of the system and the design and development of key parts can prolong the service life of the fuel cell power system, the tail hydrogen discharge amount is less, and the tail hydrogen discharge amount can possibly harm the life health of people.
In the existing fuel cell system, most of hydrogen input of a fuel cell stack adopts a diaphragm type hydrogen circulating pump, and the diaphragm type hydrogen circulating pump can circulate residual gas of the fuel cell stack reaction to a stack gas inlet end. The pump is in an active pressurizing type, and is complex in structure, high in cost, high in energy consumption and inconvenient to maintain. And the ejector is adopted as a hydrogen circulating device for part of the hydrogen fuel cells, the ejector does not need to additionally increase power consumption, but the integration level is low, the application range is small, the production and manufacturing manufacturability is poor, and the using effect is not ideal.
The existing fuel cell system also has a structure adopting the combined control of a single ejector and a stop valve, but the structure is not ideal, has too simple function, cannot meet the requirements of high power and low power simultaneously, and has small application range.
The invention content is as follows:
the utility model aims at providing a fuel cell advances hydrogen adjusting device and fuel cell system of using thereof can solve current fuel cell and advance the hydrogen device and adopt single ejector to lead to can not be fit for high power and low-power demand simultaneously, problem that application scope is little.
The purpose of the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme.
The utility model discloses a first purpose provides a fuel cell advances hydrogen adjusting device, advance hydrogen mouth including proportional valve, solenoid valve, ejector and connect, go out the hydrogen mouth and connect and return the hydrogen mouth and connect its characterized in that: the ejector comprises a first ejector and a second ejector, the electromagnetic valve comprises a first electromagnetic three-way valve and a second electromagnetic three-way valve, the first electromagnetic three-way valve is provided with a first input end, a first output end and a second output end, the second electromagnetic three-way valve is provided with a second input end, a third output end and a fourth output end, one end of the proportional valve is connected with the hydrogen inlet joint, the other end of the proportional valve is connected with the first input end of the first electromagnetic three-way valve, the first output end and the second output end of the first electromagnetic three-way valve are respectively connected with a first high-pressure fluid inlet of the first ejector and a second high-pressure fluid inlet of the second ejector, the second input end of the second electromagnetic three-way valve is connected with the hydrogen return port joint, and the third output end and the fourth output end of the second electromagnetic three-way valve are respectively connected with a first drainage inlet of the first ejector and a second drainage inlet of the second ejector, and the first high-pressure jet orifice of the first ejector and the second high-pressure jet orifice of the second ejector are converged and then connected with the hydrogen outlet joint.
First ejector and second ejector install in the passageway that the glomeration the inside was dug out, the glomeration is equipped with high-pressure hydrogen entry, hydrogen air feed export and hydrogen circulation entry, it installs in high-pressure hydrogen entry to advance hydrogen mouth joint, it installs in hydrogen air feed export to go out hydrogen mouth joint, it installs in hydrogen circulation entry to return hydrogen mouth joint.
The proportional valve, the first electromagnetic three-way valve and the second electromagnetic three-way valve are arranged at the top of the collecting block, and the heating plate is arranged at the bottom of the collecting block.
The collecting block and the heating plate are arranged on the bracket.
The first high-pressure jet orifice and the second high-pressure jet orifice are communicated through a connecting pipeline arranged in the manifold, and the hydrogen gas supply outlet is arranged in the middle of the connecting pipeline.
A pressure release valve is further installed on the top of the collecting block, and the connecting pipeline is further communicated with the pressure release valve.
The pipeline connected with the hydrogen return port connector is provided with a branched pipeline, the pipeline and the branched pipeline are positioned outside the collecting block, one end of the branched pipeline is provided with an exhaust port, and the exhaust port is connected with a purging valve.
And a first pressure sensor is arranged between the proportional valve and the first input end, a second pressure sensor is arranged at the hydrogen gas supply outlet, and the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor are arranged at the top of the collection block.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell system, which comprises a fuel cell system controller, a high-pressure hydrogen tank, a fuel cell stack, and a fuel cell hydrogen-feeding adjusting device, wherein: the fuel cell hydrogen inlet adjusting device is the fuel cell hydrogen inlet adjusting device, the hydrogen inlet joint is connected with the high-pressure hydrogen tank, the hydrogen outlet joint is connected with a hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack, the hydrogen return joint is connected with a hydrogen outlet of the fuel cell stack, and the fuel cell system controller controls the proportional valve, the first electromagnetic three-way valve and the second electromagnetic three-way valve to be opened or closed.
And a third pressure sensor of a fuel cell hydrogen inlet adjusting device is connected between the hydrogen return port connector and the hydrogen outlet.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model, following effect has:
1) the fuel cell hydrogen inlet adjusting device comprises a proportional valve, an electromagnetic valve, an ejector hydrogen inlet joint, a hydrogen outlet joint and a hydrogen return joint, and is characterized in that: the ejector comprises a first ejector and a second ejector, the electromagnetic valve comprises a first electromagnetic three-way valve and a second electromagnetic three-way valve, the first electromagnetic three-way valve is provided with a first input end, a first output end and a second output end, the second electromagnetic three-way valve is provided with a second input end, a third output end and a fourth output end, one end of the proportional valve is connected with the hydrogen inlet joint, the other end of the proportional valve is connected with the first input end of the first electromagnetic three-way valve, the first output end and the second output end of the first electromagnetic three-way valve are respectively connected with a first high-pressure fluid inlet of the first ejector and a second high-pressure fluid inlet of the second ejector, the second input end of the second electromagnetic three-way valve is connected with the hydrogen return port joint, and the third output end and the fourth output end of the second electromagnetic three-way valve are respectively connected with a first drainage inlet of the first ejector and a second drainage inlet of the second ejector, the first high-pressure jet of the first ejector and the second high-pressure jet of the second ejector are converged and then connected with the hydrogen outlet joint; the utility model discloses a two ejectors + two electromagnetic three-way valve's ingenious overall arrangement makes fuel cell advance hydrogen adjusting device and satisfies the difference of low-power, high power simultaneously and draw and penetrate the requirement, advances hydrogen regulation and returns hydrogen regulation and go on simultaneously, makes to advance hydrogen regulation and hydrogen circulation function simple reliable, and simple structure is reasonable, and application scope is wide.
2) Other advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the examples section.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a perspective view of a fuel cell hydrogen inlet adjusting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a perspective view of the fuel cell hydrogen inlet adjusting device according to the present invention at another angle;
fig. 3 is a side view of the fuel cell hydrogen inlet regulating device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is an exploded view of the fuel cell hydrogen inlet regulating device of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a fuel cell hydrogen inlet adjusting device according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a perspective view of a second ejector in the fuel cell hydrogen inlet adjustment device of the present invention;
fig. 8 is an exploded view of a second eductor in a fuel cell hydrogen inlet modulation device according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is an exploded view of a nozzle of a second eductor of the fuel cell hydrogen inlet regulating device of the present invention;
fig. 10 is an exploded view of the mixing chamber of the second eductor of the hydrogen inlet modulation device of the fuel cell of the present invention;
fig. 11 is an exploded view of a second ejector of the fuel cell hydrogen inlet adjusting device according to the present invention;
fig. 12 is a side view of a second eductor for a fuel cell hydrogen inlet modulation device according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 12;
fig. 14 is a schematic connection diagram of a fuel cell system according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a control schematic diagram of the fuel cell system.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following detailed description of preferred embodiments and accompanying drawings.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 to fig. 7, the present embodiment provides a fuel cell hydrogen inlet adjusting device, which includes a proportional valve 2, an electromagnetic valve, an injector hydrogen inlet joint 111, a hydrogen outlet joint 121, and a hydrogen return joint 141, and is characterized in that: the ejector comprises a first ejector 41 and a second ejector 42, the electromagnetic valve comprises a first electromagnetic three-way valve 31 and a second electromagnetic three-way valve 32, the first electromagnetic three-way valve 31 is provided with a first input end 311, a first output end 312 and a second output end 313, the second electromagnetic three-way valve 32 is provided with a second input end 321, a third output end 322 and a fourth output end 323, one end of a proportional valve 2 is connected with the hydrogen inlet connector 111, the other end of the proportional valve 2 is connected with the first input end 311 of the first electromagnetic three-way valve 31, the first output end 312 and the second output end 313 of the first electromagnetic three-way valve 31 are respectively connected with a first high-pressure fluid inlet 411 of the first ejector 41 and a second high-pressure fluid inlet of the second ejector 42, the second input end 321 of the second electromagnetic three-way valve 32 is connected with the hydrogen return connector 141, and the third output end 322 and the fourth output end 323 of the second electromagnetic three-way valve 32 are respectively connected with a first inlet 412 of the first ejector 41 and a second drainage inlet 421 of the second ejector 42 422, and the first high-pressure injection port 413 of the first ejector 41 and the second high-pressure injection port 423 of the second ejector 42 are merged and then connected with the hydrogen outlet joint 121. The injection principle is utilized to inject the unreacted hydrogen of the fuel cell back to the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell by taking the new hydrogen as a power source, the function of a hydrogen circulating pump is replaced, the design of the double injectors ensures that the hydrogen inlet adjusting device of the fuel cell meets different injection requirements of low power and high power, the hydrogen inlet adjustment and the hydrogen return adjustment are carried out simultaneously, and the hydrogen inlet adjustment and the hydrogen circulating function are simple and reliable.
First ejector 41 and second ejector 42 install in the passageway that the glomeration 10 the inside was dug out, the glomeration 10 is equipped with high-pressure hydrogen entry 11, hydrogen air feed export 12 and hydrogen circulation entry 14, it installs at high-pressure hydrogen entry 11 to advance hydrogen mouth joint 111, it installs at hydrogen air feed export 12 to go out hydrogen mouth joint 121, it installs at hydrogen circulation entry 14 to return hydrogen mouth joint 141. The hydrogen inlet adjusting device of the fuel cell is integrally designed through the collection block 10, the structure is simple and compact, and the installation space is saved; the production and assembly efficiency is high, the integration level is high, and the cost is low.
The proportional valve 2, the first three-way solenoid valve 31 and the second three-way solenoid valve 32 are installed at the top of the aggregate 10, and the heating plate 71 is installed at the bottom of the aggregate 10. The layout is reasonable, the heating plate 71 is used for heating a hydrogen gas path of a cold start system of the fuel cell, and the normal work of the hydrogen inlet adjusting device of the fuel cell in a low-temperature state is ensured.
The above-mentioned aggregate 10 and the heating plate 71 are mounted on a support 72. The support 72 enhances the vibration resistance of the fuel cell hydrogen inlet adjusting device and is convenient to install.
The first high-pressure injection port 413 and the second high-pressure injection port 423 are communicated through a connecting pipeline 13 arranged in the block 10, and the hydrogen gas supply outlet 12 is arranged in the middle of the connecting pipeline 13, so that the structure is compact, and the pipeline wiring is simplified.
The top of the aggregate 10 is also provided with a pressure release valve 5, and the connecting pipeline 13 is also communicated with the pressure release valve 5. The pressure relief valve 5 ensures the use safety of the hydrogen inlet adjusting device of the fuel cell.
The pipeline 142 connected to the hydrogen return port connector 141 is provided with a branch pipeline 143, the pipeline 142 and the branch pipeline 143 are positioned outside the cluster block 10, one end of the branch pipeline 143 is provided with an exhaust port 15, and the exhaust port 15 is connected with a purge valve. Simple structure and convenient installation.
The first electromagnetic three-way valve 31 and the second electromagnetic three-way valve 32 are two-position three-way valves, so that the connecting pipeline is simpler and more reasonable, and the cost is reduced.
A first pressure sensor 61 is arranged between the proportional valve 2 and the first input 311. A second pressure sensor 62 is arranged at the hydrogen gas supply outlet 12. The first pressure sensor 61 and the second pressure sensor 62 are used for detecting the pressure of the hydrogen path, and feeding back pressure signals to the controller to adjust the size of the proportional valve 2, so that the internal safety monitoring of the fuel cell hydrogen inlet adjusting device is enhanced. A first pressure sensor 61 and a second pressure sensor 62 are mounted on top of the manifold block 10
As shown in fig. 7 to 13, the first ejector 41 and the second ejector 42 have the same structure, the nozzle 1a, the mixing chamber 2a, the ejector sleeve 3a, the inner seal ring 4a and the fastening screw 5a, the ejector sleeve 3a is a cylinder, a circular cavity 31a is formed in the middle of the ejector sleeve 3a, and the nozzle 1a and the mixing chamber 2a are respectively sleeved at two ends of the ejector sleeve 3 a; the mixing chamber 2a and the ejection sleeve 3a are sealed by an inner sealing ring 4a, the nozzle 1a and the ejection sleeve 3a are sealed by the inner sealing ring 4a, the nozzle 1a and the mixing chamber 2a are installed and fixed on the ejection sleeve 3a by a fastening screw 5a, a gap is formed on the wall surface of the middle part of the ejection sleeve 3a to serve as a second drainage inlet 422, a first flow passage 11a is arranged in the middle of the nozzle 1a to serve as a passage for high-pressure fluid for work, a second high-pressure fluid inlet 421 is arranged at one end of the nozzle 1a, a high-pressure jet orifice 13a is arranged at the other end of the nozzle 1a, the mixing chamber 2a is provided with a mixing section flow passage 21a and an expansion section flow passage 22a, the high-pressure fluid for work from the high-pressure jet orifice 13a is mixed with the drained fluid flowing in the second drainage inlet 422 in the mixing section flow passage 21a and is ejected by the second high-pressure jet orifice 423 after, The design of serialization, part structural design machining precision is high, interchangeability is good, low in manufacturing cost to draw and penetrate under the unchangeable condition of cover, the nozzle is changed in the combination and mixing chamber, can satisfy different performance demands, and the foreign steamer of whole ejector is wide to be cylindricly, easily with other part integration of whole hydrogen return circuit, the volume occupies for a short time.
The nozzle 1a comprises a first cylindrical part 14a and an injection part 15a connected with the first cylindrical part 14a, the outer surface of the first cylindrical part 14a is matched and nested with the inner surface of the injection sleeve 3a, and an inner sealing ring 4a is arranged between the outer surface of the first cylindrical part 14a and the inner surface of the injection sleeve 3a for sealing, so that the sealing effect is good, and the assembly precision is high.
One end of the first cylindrical part 14a is provided with a first flange flanging 16a, the first flange flanging 16a is provided with a plurality of first mounting holes 17a, the front end face 30a of the injection sleeve 3a is provided with a plurality of first screw holes 33a, the first mounting holes 17a correspond to the first screw holes 33a, the fastening screws 5a penetrate through the first mounting holes 17a and are screwed into the first screw holes 33a to install the nozzle 1a on the injection sleeve 3a, the mounting structure is simple, and the assembly precision is high.
The injection part 15a is a cone, and the notch 32a of the injection sleeve 3a is positioned on one side of the middle part of the injection part 15a, so that the structural arrangement is reasonable.
At least one first annular groove 141a is formed in the outer surface of the first cylindrical portion 14a, and the inner seal ring 4a is mounted in the first annular groove 141a, so that the sealing effect is good.
The mixing chamber 2a comprises a second cylindrical part 23a, a mixing section inlet 232a and an expansion section outlet 233a are respectively formed at two ends of the second cylindrical part 23a, and an inner sealing ring 4a is arranged between the outer surface of the second cylindrical part 23a and the inner surface of the injection sleeve 3a for sealing, so that the sealing effect is good.
One end of the second cylindrical part 23a is provided with a second flange flanging 24a, the second flange flanging 24a is provided with a plurality of second mounting holes 25a, the rear end face 300a of the injection sleeve 3a is provided with a plurality of second screw holes 34a, the second mounting holes 25a correspond to the second screw holes 34a in position, the mixing chamber 2a is mounted on the injection sleeve 3a by screwing fastening screws 5a into the second screw holes 34a through the second mounting holes 25a, and the mounting structure is simple and the assembly precision is high.
At least one second annular groove 231a is formed in the outer surface of the second cylindrical portion 23a, and an inner sealing ring 4a is mounted in the second annular groove 231a, so that the sealing effect is good, and the assembly precision is high.
The diameter D1 of first flange turn-ups 16a and the diameter D2 of second flange turn-ups 24a all are less than or equal to draw the diameter D3 that penetrates set 3a, form the cylinder between nozzle 1a, mixing chamber 2a and the drawing set 3a, simple structure, whole installation occupation space is little, easily with the other part integration of whole hydrogen circuit.
Draw the surface both ends of penetrating cover 3a to be equipped with a plurality of third annular grooves 35a and fourth annular groove 36a respectively, draw the breach of penetrating cover 3a to be located between third annular groove 35a and the fourth annular groove 36a, all install external seal ring 6a in third annular groove 35a and the fourth annular groove 36a, it is sealed effectual. The outer sealing ring 6a is in sealing fit with the inner wall of a channel dug in the block 10. The sealing effect is good, the installation is convenient, and the outer sealing ring 6a and the inner sealing ring 4a are O-shaped sealing rings.
Example two:
as shown in fig. 14 and 15, the present embodiment provides a fuel cell system including a fuel cell system controller 81, a high-pressure hydrogen tank 82, a fuel cell stack 83, and a fuel cell hydrogen supply adjustment device 1, and is characterized in that: the fuel cell hydrogen inlet adjusting device 1 is the fuel cell hydrogen inlet adjusting device according to the first embodiment, the hydrogen inlet joint 111 is connected with the high-pressure hydrogen tank 82, the hydrogen outlet joint 121 is connected with the hydrogen inlet 831 of the fuel cell stack 83, the hydrogen return joint 141 is connected with the hydrogen outlet 832 of the fuel cell stack 83, and the fuel cell system controller 81 controls the proportional valve 2, the first electromagnetic three-way valve 31 and the second electromagnetic three-way valve 32 to be opened or closed. Through the improvement of the hydrogen inlet adjusting device of the fuel cell, the fuel cell system has simpler structure, smaller volume and safer use.
A third pressure sensor 63 of the fuel cell hydrogen inlet adjusting device 1 is connected between the hydrogen return port connector 141 and the hydrogen gas outlet 832.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention are equivalent replacement modes, and are all included in the scope of the present invention.