CN210039648U - Molten salt reactor shutdown system - Google Patents
Molten salt reactor shutdown system Download PDFInfo
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- CN210039648U CN210039648U CN201920473424.8U CN201920473424U CN210039648U CN 210039648 U CN210039648 U CN 210039648U CN 201920473424 U CN201920473424 U CN 201920473424U CN 210039648 U CN210039648 U CN 210039648U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a molten salt reactor shutdown system, which is characterized in that the system comprises a salt discharge tank (1), a reactor container (2) and a salt discharge pipeline (4), wherein the salt discharge pipeline (4) is also provided with a salt discharge pipe valve (6), and the reactor container (2) and the gas space above the fuel salt liquid level of the salt discharge tank (1) are respectively connected with a molten salt reactor gas valve (9) and a salt discharge tank gas valve (7) through a gas discharge pipe; the salt discharge pipeline (4) is arranged between the reactor container (2) and the salt discharge tank (1); the salt discharge pipeline (4) extends into the bottom of the reactor container (2); the bottom of the reactor container (2) is higher than the top of the salt discharging tank (1). The utility model provides a molten salt reactor shutdown system is the passive safe formula, can empty fuel salt in the molten salt reactor effectively, reliably, makes the molten salt reactor be in safe state.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to fused salt reactor design field, concretely relates to fused salt reactor shutdown system.
Background
The molten salt reactor is one of six fourth generation reactors. The earliest studies began in the fifties of the twentieth century. The molten salt reactor has unique advantages in the aspects of inherent safety, economy, sustainable development of nuclear fuel, nuclear diffusion prevention and the like. The molten salt reactor is a high-temperature reactor, a molten fluoride mixture is used as fuel, and due to the particularity of nuclear fuel, the molten salt reactor is greatly different from a traditional solid fuel reactor in the aspect of reactor design. The molten salt reactor can be used for shutdown in a plurality of ways, and the shutdown of the molten salt reactor can be realized by injecting neutron poison into the sleeve, changing fuel salt components and the like except for the control rod. Wherein, the injection of neutron poison into the thimble tube is a good replacement shutdown mode under the condition of control rod failure; changing the fuel salt composition is a shutdown method specific to molten salt reactors.
The shutdown method can prevent the high-power operation and continuous temperature rise of the molten salt reactor. However, due to accidents, the molten salt reactor may be continuously cooled, the fuel salt enters a solidification state, and the reactor core may be re-critical, so that the reactor is in an unsafe state. If the heater is used for heating the molten salt reactor, the molten salt reactor is prevented from being cooled, and the heating system needs to be a safety system, so that the construction cost of the molten salt reactor is greatly increased. Another shutdown method specific to molten salt reactors is to empty the core of fuel salt. The fuel salt is discharged into the salt discharge tank, so that the molten salt reactor is in subcritical state, the residual heat of the fuel salt can be taken away through the residual heat discharge function of the salt discharge tank, and radioactive products are contained.
The existing fuel Salt discharging mode is mainly to discharge fuel Salt through a freezing valve, such as a Molten Salt Reactor experimental stack (MSRE) in the united states in the 60's of the 20 th century. However, the salt is discharged by adopting the freezing valve, a through hole needs to be formed at the lowest end of the reactor container, so that the risk of the opening of the reactor container is increased, and the freezing valve needs time and has a complex structure when being opened.
Therefore, an effective and reliable molten salt reactor shutdown system is needed to ensure that the molten salt reactor is in a safe state.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to overcome the problem that exists in the above-mentioned current fused salt reactor shutdown design, the utility model provides a fused salt reactor shutdown system changes current row's salt mode, makes the fused salt reactor be in safe state.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a molten salt reactor shutdown system, which comprises a salt discharge tank, a reactor container and a salt discharge pipeline;
the salt discharge pipeline is also provided with a salt discharge pipe valve, and the gas space above the fuel salt liquid level of the reactor container and the salt discharge tank is respectively connected with a molten salt reactor gas valve and a salt discharge tank gas valve through a gas discharge pipe; the salt discharge pipeline is arranged between the reactor container and the salt discharge tank; the salt discharge pipeline extends into the bottom of the reactor container; the bottom of the reactor vessel is higher than the top of the salt discharge tank.
The molten salt reactor shutdown system preferably comprises a compressed gas storage tank and a storage tank gas valve; the storage tank gas valve is arranged between the compressed gas storage tank and the reactor container, and the compressed gas storage tank is used for introducing compressed gas into the reactor container; and a gas pipeline where the storage tank gas valve is positioned extends into a gas space above the liquid level of the fuel salt in the reactor container.
The molten salt reactor shutdown system also preferably comprises a gas purification system; the gas purification system is respectively connected with one end of a gas pipeline where the molten salt reactor gas valve is located and one end of a gas pipeline where the salt discharge tank gas valve is located; the gas purification system is used for purifying gas with radioactivity.
The gas pipeline where the salt discharge tank gas valve is located preferably extends into a gas space above the liquid level of the fuel salt in the salt discharge tank; namely, the gas pipeline where the gas valve of the salt discharge tank is located extends into the top of the salt discharge tank and does not extend below the liquid level of the fuel salt.
The salt discharge pipeline preferably extends into the bottom of the salt discharge tank.
And fuel salt in the reactor container is injected into the salt discharge tank through a salt discharge pipeline in a siphoning mode. The salt elimination mode is divided into a salt elimination mode I and a salt elimination mode II. In the salt discharge mode I, gas in the compressed gas storage tank is injected into the reactor container through pressure difference, so that cover gas in the reactor container is pressurized, and fuel salt in the reactor container is injected into the salt discharge tank through a siphon mode after the fuel salt in the reactor container overcomes the pressure difference between the highest point of the salt discharge pipeline and the liquid level surface of the fuel salt. In the salt discharge mode II, the salt discharge pipeline is filled with fuel salt, a salt discharge pipe valve is opened, and the fuel salt is directly injected into the salt discharge tank from the reactor container in a siphon mode.
In the above technical solution, the gas storage and pressure in the compressed gas storage tank in the salt elimination mode I are sufficient to eliminate the gas in the salt elimination pipeline. Known volume of blanket gas V1Pressure of P1The amount of the gaseous substance is n1Volume V of gas in salt discharge pipeline2Pressure of P2The amount of the gaseous substance is n2. Pressure of gas purification system is P0The fuel salt pressure difference formed by the height difference between the highest point of the salt discharge pipeline and the liquid level surface of the fuel salt is P4R is the molar gas constant and T is the temperature. Assuming the volume V of gas in the compressed gas storage tank3Pressure of P3The amount of the gaseous substance is n3. According to the ideal gas state equation, when the siphon condition is satisfied, there are:
n＝(P0+P4)×(V1+V2+V3)/(R×T)
the inventory and pressure of the gas in the compressed gas storage tank then need to be satisfied:
n3>n-n1-n2
P3>(R×T)/(n-n1-n2)/V3
the utility model discloses an actively advance the effect and lie in:
1. the utility model provides a molten salt reactor system of shutting down utilizes the siphon principle, discharges the fuel salt in the reactor container and arranges the salt jar in, makes the reactor effectively shut down.
2. The utility model provides a molten salt reactor shutdown system adopts atmospheric pressure to arrange salt, for the passive safe shutdown system, reaches the purpose of shutdown.
3. The utility model provides a molten salt reactor shutdown system, the system is simple, safe and reliable, and economic nature is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a molten salt reactor shutdown system of the present invention.
In the attached drawings, 1, a salt discharge tank, 2, a reactor container, 3, a compressed gas storage tank, 4, a salt discharge pipeline, 5, a gas purification system, 6, a salt discharge pipe valve, 7, a salt discharge tank gas valve, 8, a storage tank gas valve, 9 and a molten salt reactor gas valve are shown, a dotted line shows a gas pipeline, and a solid line shows a salt discharge pipeline.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by way of the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The experimental methods without specifying specific conditions in the following examples were selected according to the conventional methods and conditions, or according to the commercial instructions.
Example 1
The present embodiment takes the salt discharge mode I of the shutdown system of the molten salt reactor as an example.
The molten salt reactor shutdown system shown in fig. 1 comprises 1 salt discharge tank 1, 1 reactor vessel 2, 1 compressed gas storage tank 3, 1 salt discharge pipeline 4, 1 gas purification system 5, 1 salt discharge pipe valve 6, 1 salt discharge tank gas valve 7, 1 storage tank gas valve 8 and a molten salt reactor gas valve 9.
The volume of the covering gas in the reactor vessel 2 is 1.6 cubic meters, the pressure is 1.5 atmospheric pressures, and the amount of the gas substances is 35.4 mol; the volume of gas in the salt discharge pipeline 4 is 0.06 cubic meter, the pressure is 1.5 atmospheric pressures, and the amount of gas substances is 1.3 mol; the volume of the gas in the compressed gas storage tank 3 is 4 cubic meters, the pressure is 2.2 atmospheres, and the amount of the gas substance is 127.3 mol. The pressure of the gas purification system 5 is 1.5 atmospheric pressures, the fuel salt pressure difference formed by the height difference between the highest point of the salt discharge pipeline 4 and the liquid level surface of the fuel salt is 0.5 atmospheric pressure, and the system temperature is 550 ℃.
The salt discharge pipeline 4 is filled with gas. When the reactor normally operates, the valves are all in a closed state. In the salt discharge mode I, when salt discharge is needed, firstly opening the salt discharge tank air valve 7 and the salt discharge pipe valve 6, then opening the storage tank air valve 8, so that fuel salt in the reactor container 2 starts to be injected into the salt discharge tank 1 through the salt discharge pipeline 4, closing the storage tank air valve 8 at this moment, opening the molten salt reactor air valve 9, so that the fuel salt in the reactor container 2 is injected into the salt discharge tank 1 through a siphon mode until all the fuel salt in the reactor container 2 is drained, and closing all the valves, thereby realizing the safe and effective shutdown effect.
Example 2
In the embodiment, the salt discharge mode II of the shutdown system of the molten salt reactor is taken as an example.
The molten salt reactor shutdown system shown in fig. 1 comprises 1 salt discharge tank 1, 1 reactor vessel 2, 1 salt discharge pipeline 4, 1 gas purification system 5, 1 salt discharge pipe valve 6, 1 salt discharge tank gas valve 7, 1 storage tank gas valve 8 and a molten salt reactor gas valve 9.
The volume of the covering gas in the reactor vessel 2 is 1.6 cubic meters, the pressure is 1.5 atmospheric pressures, and the amount of the gas substances is 35.4 mol; the volume of the salt discharge pipeline 4 is 0.06 cubic meter; the volume of the gas in the compressed gas storage tank 3 is 4 cubic meters, the pressure is 2.2 atmospheres, and the amount of the gas substance is 127.3 mol. The pressure of the gas purification system 5 is 1.5 atmospheric pressures, the fuel salt pressure difference formed by the height difference between the highest point of the salt discharge pipeline 4 and the liquid level surface of the fuel salt is 0.5 atmospheric pressure, and the system temperature is 550 ℃.
Fuel salt is in the salt discharge pipe 4. When the reactor normally operates, the valves are all in a closed state. The salt discharge pipeline 4 is filled with fuel salt in the salt discharge mode II, when the salt discharge is needed, the salt discharge tank air valve 7 is firstly opened, then the salt discharge pipe valve 6 is opened, the fuel salt in the reactor container 2 starts to be injected into the salt discharge tank 1 through the salt discharge pipeline 4, at this time, the molten salt reactor air valve 9 is opened, the fuel salt in the reactor container 2 is injected into the salt discharge tank 1 through a siphon mode until all the fuel salt in the reactor container 2 is drained, all the valves are closed, and the purpose of stopping the reactor is achieved.
Claims (6)
1. A molten salt reactor shutdown system is characterized by comprising a salt discharge tank (1), a reactor container (2) and a salt discharge pipeline (4), wherein a salt discharge pipe valve (6) is further arranged on the salt discharge pipeline (4), and gas spaces above the fuel salt liquid level of the reactor container (2) and the salt discharge tank (1) are respectively connected with a molten salt reactor gas valve (9) and a salt discharge tank gas valve (7) through a gas discharge pipe;
the salt discharge pipeline (4) is arranged between the reactor container (2) and the salt discharge tank (1);
the salt discharge pipeline (4) extends into the bottom of the reactor container (2);
the bottom of the reactor container (2) is higher than the top of the salt discharging tank (1).
2. A molten salt reactor shutdown system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a compressed gas storage tank (3) and a storage tank gas valve (8); the storage tank air valve (8) is arranged between the compressed gas storage tank (3) and the reactor container (2), and the compressed gas storage tank (3) is used for introducing compressed gas into the reactor container (2).
3. A molten salt reactor shutdown system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the gas line in which the tank gas valve (8) is located extends into the gas space above the fuel salt level in the reactor vessel (2).
4. A molten salt reactor shutdown system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the molten salt reactor shutdown system further comprises a gas purification system (5);
the gas purification system (5) is respectively connected with one end of a gas pipeline where the molten salt reactor gas valve (9) is located and one end of a gas pipeline where the salt discharge tank gas valve (7) is located.
5. A molten salt reactor shutdown system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the gas conduit in which the salt drain tank gas valve (7) is located extends into the gas space above the fuel salt level in the salt drain tank (1).
6. Molten salt reactor shutdown system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the salt discharge conduit (4) extends into the bottom of the salt discharge tank (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920473424.8U CN210039648U (en) | 2019-04-09 | 2019-04-09 | Molten salt reactor shutdown system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920473424.8U CN210039648U (en) | 2019-04-09 | 2019-04-09 | Molten salt reactor shutdown system |
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| CN210039648U true CN210039648U (en) | 2020-02-07 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113241200A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-08-10 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | Fuel salt loop system and operation method |
| US12012827B1 (en) | 2023-09-11 | 2024-06-18 | Natura Resources LLC | Nuclear reactor integrated oil and gas production systems and methods of operation |
| GB2625280A (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2024-06-19 | Moltex Energy Ltd | Temperature activated passive shutdown device for a nuclear reactor |
| US12018779B2 (en) | 2021-09-21 | 2024-06-25 | Abilene Christian University | Stabilizing face ring joint flange and assembly thereof |
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2019
- 2019-04-09 CN CN201920473424.8U patent/CN210039648U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113241200A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-08-10 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | Fuel salt loop system and operation method |
| US12018779B2 (en) | 2021-09-21 | 2024-06-25 | Abilene Christian University | Stabilizing face ring joint flange and assembly thereof |
| GB2625280A (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2024-06-19 | Moltex Energy Ltd | Temperature activated passive shutdown device for a nuclear reactor |
| US12012827B1 (en) | 2023-09-11 | 2024-06-18 | Natura Resources LLC | Nuclear reactor integrated oil and gas production systems and methods of operation |
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