CN210038403U - Transparent display device and backlight module - Google Patents
Transparent display device and backlight module Download PDFInfo
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- CN210038403U CN210038403U CN201921224142.0U CN201921224142U CN210038403U CN 210038403 U CN210038403 U CN 210038403U CN 201921224142 U CN201921224142 U CN 201921224142U CN 210038403 U CN210038403 U CN 210038403U
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Abstract
A transparent display device and a backlight module are provided. The transparent display device comprises a backlight module and a scattering type display panel; the backlight module comprises a first wedge-shaped light guide plate, the scattering type display panel comprises a plurality of pixels, the first wedge-shaped light guide plate comprises a first light incoming surface, a first light outgoing surface and a first inclined surface, the first inclined surface is arranged opposite to the first light outgoing surface, an included angle between the first light outgoing surface and the first inclined surface is an acute angle, the scattering type display panel is located on one side where the first light outgoing surface of the backlight module is located, and each pixel is configured to be capable of being switched between a transparent state and a scattering state. The transparent display device can realize transparent display and simultaneously improve the uniformity, the contrast and the display brightness of the display brightness.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the disclosure relates to a transparent display device and a backlight module.
Background
A transparent display device is a transparent display device that allows a user to view a display screen on the transparent display device and a scene or an object behind the transparent display device at the same time. Therefore, the transparent display device can realize the fusion and interaction of the display picture on the transparent display device and the scene or the object behind the transparent display device, thereby bringing brand-new and rich visual experience with strong expressive force to users.
The transparent display device can be applied to not only general electronic devices such as mobile phones, televisions, computers and the like, but also products such as automobile windows, refrigerator doors, shop windows, vending machines, building windows and the like.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a transparent display device and a backlight module. The transparent display device comprises a backlight module and a scattering type display panel; the backlight module comprises a first wedge-shaped light guide plate, the scattering type display panel comprises a plurality of pixels, the first wedge-shaped light guide plate comprises a first light incoming surface, a first light outgoing surface and a first inclined surface, the first inclined surface is arranged opposite to the first light outgoing surface, an included angle between the first light outgoing surface and the first inclined surface is an acute angle, the scattering type display panel is located on one side where the first light outgoing surface of the backlight module is located, and each pixel is configured to be capable of being switched between a transparent state and a scattering state. The transparent display device can realize transparent display and simultaneously improve the uniformity, the contrast and the display brightness of the display brightness.
At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a transparent display device. The transparent display device includes: the backlight module comprises a first wedge-shaped light guide plate; the scattering type display panel comprises a plurality of pixels, the first wedge-shaped light guide plate comprises a first light incoming surface, a first light outgoing surface and a first inclined surface, the first inclined surface is opposite to the first light outgoing surface, an included angle between the first light outgoing surface and the first inclined surface is an acute angle, the scattering type display panel is located on one side where the first light outgoing surface of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate is located, and each pixel is configured to be capable of being switched between a transparent state and a scattering state.
For example, in the transparent display device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first light emitting surface is a flat surface, and the refractive index of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate is in a range from 1.45 to 2.
For example, in a transparent display device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the transparent display device further includes: and the transparent layer is positioned between the scattering type display panel and the backlight module, the transparent layer is respectively in direct contact with the first light-emitting surface and the scattering type display panel, and the refractive index range of the transparent layer is between 1.30 and 1.50.
For example, in a transparent display device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the thickness of the transparent layer ranges from 0.05 to 0.50 mm.
For example, in a transparent display device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the backlight module further includes: and the second wedge-shaped light guide plate comprises a second inclined surface, the first wedge-shaped light guide plate and the second wedge-shaped light guide plate are arranged at intervals, and the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface are oppositely arranged and are approximately parallel.
For example, in the transparent display device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, an interval between the first wedge-shaped light guide plate and the second wedge-shaped light guide plate is an air interval.
For example, in a transparent display device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second wedge-shaped light guide plate further includes: the second goes into the plain noodles, the second goes into the plain noodles with the second inclined plane sets up relatively, the second goes into the plain noodles with the contained angle between the second inclined plane is the acute angle, the second goes into the plain noodles with it is roughly parallel to go out the plain noodles first.
For example, in a transparent display device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the transparent display device further includes: and the light source is arranged at the first light incoming surface of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate and is configured to inject light rays from the first light incoming surface to the first wedge-shaped light guide plate, the thickness of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate is gradually reduced from one side where the light source is arranged to the opposite side of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate, and the light emitting half angle of the light source ranges from 30 degrees to 65 degrees.
For example, in the transparent display device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first light incident surface is configured to receive light emitted by a light source, the first inclined surface is configured to make the light emitted by the light source totally reflect at the first inclined surface, and the first light emitting surface is configured to emit the light emitted by the light source.
For example, in a transparent display device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the light source includes a field sequential light source.
For example, in a transparent display device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the scattering type display panel further includes: the array substrate comprises a first substrate and a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged on the first substrate; an opposite substrate arranged opposite to the array substrate and provided to the box; and a liquid crystal layer between the array substrate and the opposite substrate, the liquid crystal layer including polymer-stabilized liquid crystal or polymer-dispersed liquid crystal, each of the pixel electrodes being configured to drive the polymer-stabilized liquid crystal or polymer-dispersed liquid crystal to switch between a transparent state and a scattering state.
For example, in a transparent display device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the opposite substrate includes a second substrate having a refractive index ranging between 1.45 and 2.
For example, in the transparent display device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first wedge-shaped light guide plate has a trapezoidal cross section, a length of a long base of the trapezoidal cross section ranges from 1 mm to 10 mm, and a length of a short base of the trapezoidal cross section ranges from 0.1 mm to 2 mm.
At least one embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a backlight module. The backlight module comprises: the first wedge-shaped light guide plate comprises a first light incoming surface, a first light outgoing surface and a first inclined surface opposite to the first light outgoing surface, and an included angle between the first light outgoing surface and the first inclined surface is an acute angle; and a second wedge-shaped light guide plate including a second slope; the first wedge-shaped light guide plate and the second wedge-shaped light guide plate are arranged at intervals, and the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane are oppositely arranged and are approximately parallel.
In the backlight module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, an interval between the first wedge-shaped light guide plate and the second wedge-shaped light guide plate is an air interval.
In the backlight module provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second wedge-shaped light guide plate further includes: the second goes into plain noodles and second play plain noodles, the second go out the plain noodles with the second inclined plane sets up relatively, just the second goes into the plain noodles with the contained angle between the second inclined plane is the acute angle, the second goes into the plain noodles with first play plain noodles is roughly parallel.
In the backlight module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first light emitting surface is a flat surface, and the refractive index range of the wedge-shaped light guide plate is between 1.45 and 2.
In the backlight module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first light emitting surface is not provided with dots.
In the backlight module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, a cross section of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate is trapezoidal, a length range of a long bottom side of the trapezoid is 1 to 10 mm, and a length range of a short bottom side of the trapezoid is 0.1 to 2 mm.
In the backlight module provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the backlight module further includes: the first wedge-shaped light guide plate is arranged on the first light incident surface, the first inclined surface is arranged on the first light incident surface, the first wedge-shaped light guide plate is arranged on the first light incident surface, the first inclined surface is arranged on the second inclined surface, the first light incident surface is arranged on the second inclined surface, the second inclined surface is arranged on the second inclined surface, the first light incident surface is arranged on the second light incident surface, and.
Drawings
To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description relate only to some embodiments of the present disclosure and are not limiting to the present disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a transparent display device employing side-entry light;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a transparent display device using projection type incident light;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a transparent display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a scattering type display panel according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a variation of near-far luminance of a transparent display device using a light source with a light-emitting half-angle of 60 degrees according to a refractive index of a transparent layer according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a variation of near-far luminance of another transparent display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which uses a light source with a light-emitting half-angle of 45 degrees, along with a refractive index of a transparent layer; and
fig. 7 is a schematic view of a backlight module according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a few embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the disclosure without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the disclosure.
Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in this disclosure is not intended to indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but rather is used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.
The transparent display device may include: (1) a transparent display device based on a conventional liquid crystal display panel, (2) a transparent display device based on a Light Emitting Diode (LED) display panel, (3) a transparent display device based on an Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) display panel, and (4) a transparent display device based on a scattering type display panel. In the study, the inventors of the present application noted that: because the traditional liquid crystal display panel comprises film layers such as a polaroid and the like, the light transmittance of the transparent display device based on the traditional liquid crystal display panel is less than 10 percent, so that the transparent display device based on the traditional liquid crystal display panel has lower brightness and lower light utilization rate; because the size of the light-emitting diode is large, the pixel point of the transparent display device based on the light-emitting diode display panel is large, and the transparent display device is suitable for the transparent display device with the ultra-large size; in addition, the cost of the transparent display device based on an Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) display panel is high, and the lifetime is difficult to guarantee; the scattering type transparent display technology adopts a field sequential light source matched with a liquid crystal with quick response (such as a polymer dispersed liquid crystal or a polymer stabilized liquid crystal) and does not need a polarizer or a color filter, so that the transparent display device based on the scattering type display panel has high transmittance (more than 80 percent), and the manufacturing process is similar to that of the traditional liquid crystal display panel, so that the cost is low, and the reliability and the service life are relatively high.
The light incident mode of such a transparent display device based on a scattering type display panel generally employs side light incidence and projection light incidence. Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a transparent display device employing side-entry light. As shown in fig. 1, the light source 10 is disposed at a side surface of the liquid crystal cell 25 of the scattering type display panel 20, light emitted from the light source 10 enters the liquid crystal cell 25 and is totally reflected at an interface between the liquid crystal cell 25 and an external environment, and is scattered when encountering the display pixel 30 in a scattering state, and the scattered light can be emitted from the liquid crystal cell to perform display. However, as shown in fig. 1, as the distance from the light source 10 increases, the intensity of light also gradually decreases, resulting in a greater light intensity at the end of the liquid crystal cell 25 near the light source 10 than at the end of the liquid crystal cell 25 away from the light source 10. Therefore, the transparent display device adopting side light incidence has the problems of poor display uniformity, poor contrast ratio and the like; also, the larger the size of the transparent display device is, the worse the display uniformity of the transparent display device is. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a transparent display device using projection type incident light. As shown in fig. 2, the projection light source 50 is disposed at one side of the scattering-type display panel 20, and forms an angle with the light emitting direction of the projection light source 50 and the scattering-type display panel 20, the light emitted from the projection light source 50 enters from one side of the scattering-type display panel 20, and is scattered when the light emitted from the projection light source 50 meets the display pixels 30 in the scattering state, and the scattered light can be emitted from the other side of the scattering-type display panel 20. However, although the transparent display device using the projection type incident light can avoid the above-mentioned problem of poor display uniformity to some extent, the transparent display device using the projection type incident light has a large volume and cannot be miniaturized and integrated.
At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a transparent display device. The transparent display device comprises a backlight module and a scattering type display panel; the backlight module comprises a first wedge-shaped light guide plate, the scattering type display panel comprises a plurality of pixels, the first wedge-shaped light guide plate comprises a first light incoming surface, a first light outgoing surface and a first inclined surface, the first inclined surface is arranged opposite to the first light outgoing surface, the scattering type display panel is located on one side where the first light outgoing surface of the backlight module is located, and each pixel is configured to be capable of being switched between a transparent state and a scattering state. The transparent display device can realize transparent display and simultaneously improve the uniformity, the contrast and the display brightness of the display brightness.
At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a backlight module. The backlight module comprises a first wedge-shaped light guide plate and a second wedge-shaped light guide plate; the first wedge-shaped light guide plate comprises a first light incident surface, a first light emergent surface and a first inclined surface opposite to the first light emergent surface; the second wedge-shaped light guide plate comprises a second inclined plane; the first wedge-shaped light guide plate and the second wedge-shaped light guide plate are arranged at intervals, and the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane are oppositely arranged and are approximately parallel. The backlight module can be used for a transparent display device, and can avoid deviation and deformation of a scene and an object behind the transparent display device while improving uniformity, contrast and display brightness of the display brightness.
The transparent display device and the backlight module provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a transparent display device according to an embodiment of the disclosure. As shown in fig. 3, the transparent display device 300 includes a backlight module 100 and a scattering type display panel 200; the backlight assembly 100 includes a first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110; the scattering display panel 200 includes a plurality of pixels 290; the first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110 includes a first light incident surface 111, a first light emitting surface 112, and a first inclined surface 113 disposed opposite to the first light emitting surface 112, and an included angle between the first light emitting surface 112 and the first inclined surface 113 is an acute angle; the scattering type display panel 200 is located at a side of the first light emitting surface 112 of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110, and each pixel 290 is configured to be switchable between a transparent state and a scattering state. It should be noted that the dot structure is not disposed on the first light-emitting surface 112, and a scattering sheet is not disposed between the first light-emitting surface 112 and the scattering-type display panel 200. In addition, the first inclined plane 113 is not provided with a dot structure.
In some examples, as shown in fig. 3, the first light incident surface 111 may receive light emitted by the light source, the first inclined surface 113 may enable the light emitted by the light source to be totally reflected at the first inclined surface 113, and the first light emitting surface 112 may enable the light emitted by the light source to be emitted.
In the transparent display device provided in this embodiment, the first light incident surface may be provided with a light source, light emitted from the light source may enter the first wedge-shaped light guide plate through the first light incident surface, a part of the light from the first light incident surface directly exits from the first light exit surface, and another part of the light is reflected by the total reflection of the first inclined surface to emit to one end of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate away from the first light incident surface and exit from the first light exit surface at one end of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate away from the first light incident surface. Therefore, the first wedge-shaped light guide plate can improve the uniformity of the light emitted by the backlight module on the premise of not arranging the scattering sheet and the light homogenizing plate. The light emitted from the first light emitting surface directly enters the scattering type display panel, and when the pixel is in a transparent state, the light emitted from the first light emitting surface directly passes through the pixel; when the pixel is in a scattering state, the light emitted from the first light emitting surface is scattered at the pixel, and the scattered light can be emitted from the scattering type display panel, so that a picture can be displayed on one side of the scattering type display panel, which is far away from the first wedge-shaped light guide plate. Meanwhile, light emitted or reflected by scenes and objects on one side of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate, which is far away from the scattering type display panel, can be incident into the first wedge-shaped light guide plate and the scattering type display panel from the first inclined surface of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate and is emitted from the scattering type display panel, so that transparent display can be realized on one side of the scattering type display panel, which is far away from the first wedge-shaped light guide plate. Therefore, the transparent display device can realize transparent display and simultaneously improve the uniformity, the contrast and the display brightness of the display brightness.
In some examples, as shown in fig. 3, the first light emitting surface 112 is a flat surface, that is, no dot structure is disposed on the first light emitting surface 112; the refractive index of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110 ranges from 1.45 to 2. In addition, the first inclined plane 113 is not provided with a dot structure.
For example, the material of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110 may be selected from a material with high light transmittance (e.g., light transmittance greater than 90%), such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), acryl, polycarbonate, or glass.
For example, the material of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110 may be glass having a refractive index of 1.51314.
In some examples, as shown in fig. 3, the transparent display device 300 further includes a transparent layer 310 located between the scattering type display panel 200 and the backlight module 100, the transparent layer 310 is in direct contact with the first light emitting surface 112 and the scattering type display panel 200, respectively, and the refractive index of the transparent layer 310 is in a range of 1.30-1.50. At this time, the refractive index of the transparent layer 310 is matched to the refractive index of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110, so that the uniformity of the brightness of the transparent display device may be further improved.
In some examples, as shown in fig. 3, the refractive index of the transparent layer 310 ranges between 1.32-1.40. When the refractive index of the transparent layer 310 ranges from 1.32 to 1.40, it can be better matched with the first wedge-shaped light guide plate having a refractive index of 1.49 to 1.52, so that better brightness uniformity can be achieved.
In some examples, the material of the transparent layer 310 may be a transparent optical glue, such as a liquid transparent optical glue.
In some examples, the thickness of the transparent layer 310 ranges from 0.05-0.50 millimeters; further, the thickness of the transparent layer 310 ranges from 0.08 mm to 0.12 mm.
In some examples, as shown in fig. 3, the backlight assembly 100 further includes a second wedge-shaped light guide plate 120; the second wedge-shaped light guide plate 120 includes a second inclined surface 123, the first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110 and the second wedge-shaped light guide plate 120 are disposed at an interval, and the first inclined surface 113 and the second inclined surface 123 are disposed opposite to each other and substantially parallel to each other. The term "substantially parallel" includes a case where the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface are completely parallel to each other, and also includes a case where an angle between the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface is less than 1 °.
In the transparent display device provided by this example, because the second wedge-shaped light guide plate is provided, and the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane are disposed opposite to each other and are substantially parallel to each other, light emitted or reflected by a scene and an article on one side of the second wedge-shaped light guide plate, which are far away from the scattering-type display panel, first passes through the second wedge-shaped light guide plate and the first wedge-shaped light guide plate, and then enters the scattering-type display panel and then exits from the scattering-type display panel, so that the scene and the article on one side of the second wedge-shaped light guide plate, which are far away from the scattering-type display panel, can have only a very small positional deviation after passing through the transparent display device, or even have no positional deviation.
In some examples, as shown in fig. 3, the interval between the first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110 and the second wedge-shaped light guide plate 120 is an air interval 130. Of course, the embodiments of the present disclosure include, but are not limited to, the space between the first wedge-shaped light guide plate and the second wedge-shaped light guide plate is also a space formed by filling other materials, as long as the light incident from the first light incident surface can be totally reflected at the first inclined surface.
In some examples, as shown in fig. 3, the second wedge-shaped light guide plate 120 further includes a second light incident surface 121, and the second light incident surface 121 is disposed opposite to the second inclined surface 123, that is, the second light incident surface 121 and the second inclined surface 123 are two opposite surfaces of the second wedge-shaped light guide plate 120; the second light incident surface 121 is also a surface of the second wedge-shaped light guide plate 120 away from the scattering-type display panel 200. An included angle between the second light incident surface 121 and the second inclined surface 123 is an acute angle, and the second light incident surface 121 is substantially parallel to the first light emitting surface 112. For example, the first light emitting surface 112 is substantially parallel to the second light incident surface 121; the first inclined surface 113 is substantially parallel to the second inclined surface 123. For another example, the first light emitting surface 112 is substantially parallel to the scattering-type display panel 200. Therefore, the transparent display device provided by the example can further ensure that scenes and articles on one side of the second wedge-shaped light guide plate, which is far away from the scattering type display panel, have only little or no position deviation after passing through the transparent display device, so that the display quality of the transparent display device is further improved.
For example, a first included angle between the first inclined surface 113 and the first light emitting surface 112 is substantially equal to a second included angle 220 between the second inclined surface 123 and the second light incident surface 121.
In some examples, as shown in fig. 3, the transparent display apparatus 300 further includes a light source 320; the light source 320 is disposed at the first light incident surface 111 of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110 and configured to inject light rays from the first light incident surface 111 toward the first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110, a thickness of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate is gradually reduced from a side where the light source 320 is disposed to an opposite side thereof, and a light emitting half angle of the light source 320 ranges from 30 to 65 degrees. For example, the light source 320 may have a half angle of illumination in the range of 55-65 degrees, such as 60 degrees, i.e., the light source 320 may have a normal half angle of illumination. In addition, in some examples, the light emitting half angle of the light source 320 may range from 40 to 50 degrees, for example, 45 degrees, so that the display effect may be further improved.
For example, as shown in fig. 3, the light source 320 is disposed at a side surface of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110, so that the backlight module 100 of the transparent display device 300 is a side-in type backlight module. In addition, the light source 320 is disposed at a side where the thickness of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110 is thick. For example, the thickness of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110 is gradually reduced from a side where the light source 320 is disposed to an opposite side thereof. In some examples, the light source 320 may be a field sequential light source, i.e., the light source may sequentially emit light of different colors. For example, the light source 320 may emit red, green, and blue light at a frequency of 180hz, i.e., the light source 320 may be a R, G, B three-color circularly lit field sequential light source. When the light source 320 emits red light, the pixels that need to display red color can be driven by electricity to be in a scattering state, and other pixels are in a transparent state; when the light source 320 emits green light, the pixels that need to display green light can be driven by electricity to be in a scattering state, and other pixels are in a transparent state; when the light source 320 emits blue light, the pixels required to display blue light can be driven by electricity to be in a scattering state, and other pixels are in a transparent state; thus, the transparent display device can perform light-emitting display at a frame rate of 60 hz.
In some examples, as shown in fig. 3, the cross section of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate is in a trapezoid shape, and a length of a long base of the trapezoid is in a range of 1-10 mm, that is, a dimension of the first light incident surface 111 in a direction perpendicular to the first light emitting surface 112 is in a range of 1-10 mm; the length of the short base of the trapezoid is in the range of 0.1-2 mm, that is, the dimension of the first top surface 114 of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110 opposite to the first light emitting surface 112 in the direction perpendicular to the first light emitting surface 112 is in the range of 0.1-2 mm. For another example, when the transparent display device is a transparent display device of about 8 inches, the length of the long bottom side of the trapezoidal cross section of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate ranges from 1.6 to 5mm, and the length of the short bottom side of the trapezoidal cross section of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate ranges from 0.1 to 1 mm. The height of the trapezoid is equal to or close to the width of the scattering display panel, and is not less than the width of the display area in the scattering display panel.
In some examples, as shown in fig. 3, the cross section of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110 is trapezoidal, and the length of the long base of the trapezoid ranges from 2.8 mm to 3.2 mm, that is, the dimension of the first light incident surface 111 in the direction perpendicular to the first light emitting surface 112 ranges from 2.8 mm to 3.2 mm; the length range of the short base of the trapezoid is 0.48-0.52 mm, that is, the size range of the first top surface 114 of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110 opposite to the first light emitting surface 112 in the direction perpendicular to the first light emitting surface 112 is 0.48-0.52 mm; the length range of the height of the trapezoid is 110-.
For example, the size of the first light incident surface 111 in the direction perpendicular to the first light emitting surface 112 is 3 mm; the size of the first light emitting surface 112 in the direction perpendicular to the first light incident surface 111 is 120 mm; the first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110 further includes a first top surface 114 opposite to the first light emitting surface 112, and a dimension of the first top surface 114 in a direction perpendicular to the first light emitting surface 112 is 0.5 mm.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a scattering type display panel according to an embodiment of the disclosure. As shown in fig. 4, the scattering-type display panel 200 further includes an array substrate 210, an opposite substrate 220, and a liquid crystal layer 230 between the array substrate 210 and the opposite substrate 220; the counter substrate 220 and the array substrate 210 are arranged in a cassette; the array substrate 210 includes a first substrate 211 and a plurality of pixel electrodes 212 disposed on the first substrate 211; the liquid crystal layer 230 includes polymer stabilized liquid crystal or polymer dispersed liquid crystal, and each pixel electrode 212 may drive the polymer stabilized liquid crystal or the polymer dispersed liquid crystal to switch between a transparent state and a scattering state. The scattering type display panel provided by the present example is a scattering type liquid crystal display panel. Therefore, the manufacturing process of the scattering type liquid crystal display panel is mature and reliable, so that the transparent display device is low in manufacturing cost, high in stability and long in service life.
For example, the refractive index of the second base substrate 221 ranges between 1.45-2.
In some examples, as shown in fig. 4, the counter substrate 220 includes a second substrate 221, and the refractive index of the second substrate 221 ranges between 1.45-2. Therefore, when the pixel is in a transparent state, the light emitted from the first light-emitting surface directly passes through the pixel and can be totally reflected at the interface between the second substrate and the external environment; the pixel in the transparent state does not perform light emission display. It should be noted that the pixels in the transparent state can diffuse light emitted or reflected by the scene or object on the side of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate away from the display panel, so as to perform transparent display.
For example, the first substrate 211 and the second substrate 221 may be made of the same material and have the same refractive index.
In some examples, as shown in fig. 4, the array substrate 210 further includes a first alignment layer 213 on a side of the pixel electrode 212 away from the first substrate 211, and the first alignment layer 213 may be used for alignment of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 230. For example, the array substrate further includes a circuit structure (not shown) for driving the pixel electrode, and the circuit structure can be referred to a conventional design, and the embodiment of the disclosure is not described herein again.
In some examples, as shown in fig. 4, the opposite substrate 220 further includes a common electrode 222 positioned on the second substrate 221 near the liquid crystal layer 230 and a second alignment layer 223 positioned on the common electrode layer 222 far from the second substrate 221. The second alignment layer 223 serves to align liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 230 in cooperation with the first alignment layer 213. The common electrode 222 may be used to form an electric field with the pixel electrode 212 to drive liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 230; of course, the embodiments of the present disclosure include, but are not limited to, the case where the common electrode is located on the opposite substrate, and the common electrode may also be disposed on the array substrate.
For example, a glass substrate, a quartz substrate, or the like can be used as the first substrate and the second substrate; the thickness of the first substrate base plate is in the range of 300-1000 microns; the thickness of the second substrate base is in the range of 300-.
For example, the pixel electrode and the common electrode may employ a transparent oxide semiconductor material, such as Indium Tin Oxide (ITO). When the pixel electrode and the common electrode are made of indium tin oxide, the thickness of the pixel electrode ranges from 0.02 to 0.1 micrometer, and the thickness of the common electrode ranges from 0.02 to 0.1 micrometer.
For example, the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer may be made of polyimide materials, and the thickness of the first alignment layer is in the range of 0.05-0.12 micrometers, and the thickness of the second alignment layer is in the range of 0.05-0.12 micrometers.
In an example of the transparent display device provided in the present disclosure, a size of a first light incident surface of a first wedge-shaped light guide plate adopted in the transparent display device in a direction perpendicular to the first light incident surface is 4 mm; the size of the first light emitting surface in the direction perpendicular to the first light incident surface is 120 mm; the size of the first top surface in the direction perpendicular to the first light-emitting surface is 1 mm. At this time, the uniformity in the light propagation direction can be used to analyze the uniformity of the brightness of the transparent display apparatus. According to the simulation result, the optical power of the display area of the transparent display device in the range of 5mm far from the light source is 1814W, the optical power of the display area of the transparent display device in the range of 5mm in the middle area is 1766W, and the optical power of the display area of the transparent display device in the range of 5mm near the light source is 1615W. Accordingly, the uniformity of the display luminance of the transparent display device can be roughly estimated to be 1615/1814-89%. This uniformity is significantly higher than the uniformity of the display brightness of a transparent display device employing side-entry light. In addition, according to the verification result (CA210 instrumental test) obtained by using the rough-processed wedge-shaped PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) as the first wedge-shaped light guide plate, the transparent display device can achieve a display effect with a luminance of >180 nit. It can be seen that the transparent display device provided by the embodiment of the disclosure has higher uniformity of display brightness and higher display brightness.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a variation of near-far luminance of a transparent display device using a light source with a light-emitting half-angle of 60 degrees according to a refractive index of a transparent layer according to an embodiment of the disclosure; fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a variation of near-far luminance of another transparent display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which uses a light source with a light-emitting half-angle of 45 degrees, according to a refractive index of a transparent layer. The size of the first light incident surface of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate adopted by the transparent display device shown in fig. 5 and 6 in the direction perpendicular to the first light emergent surface is 3 mm; the size of the first light emitting surface in the direction perpendicular to the first light incident surface is 120 mm; the size of the first top surface in the direction perpendicular to the first light-emitting surface is 0.5 mm. In fig. 5 and 6, the high beam source refers to the luminance at a position far from the light source in the display region of the transparent display device, and the low beam source refers to the luminance at a position near the light source in the display region of the transparent display device.
As shown in fig. 5, when the light emission half angle of the light source is 60 degrees and the refractive index of the transparent layer is in the range of 1.32 to 1.35, the difference between the luminance of the display region of the transparent display device at a position away from the light source and the luminance of the display region at a position close to the light source is small; when the refractive index of the transparent layer is 1.33, the luminance of the display region of the transparent display device at a position away from the light source is equal to the luminance of the display region at a position close to the light source.
As shown in fig. 6, when the light emission half angle of the light source is 45 degrees and the refractive index of the transparent layer is in the range of 1.36 to 1.38, the difference between the luminance of the display region of the transparent display device at a position away from the light source and the luminance of the display region at a position close to the light source is small; when the refractive index of the transparent layer is between 1.37-1.38, the brightness of the display region of the transparent display device at a position away from the light source is approximately equal to the brightness of the display region at a position close to the light source.
In some examples, the transparent display device may be a mobile phone, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, or other electronic products with a display function. In addition, the transparent display device can also be products such as automobile windows, refrigerator doors, shop windows, vending machines, building windows and the like.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a backlight module according to an embodiment of the disclosure. As shown in fig. 7, the backlight assembly 100 includes a first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110 and a second wedge-shaped light guide plate 120; the first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110 and the second wedge-shaped light guide plate 120 are disposed at an interval from each other; the first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110 includes a first light incident surface 111, a first light emitting surface 112, and a first inclined surface 113 disposed opposite to the first light emitting surface 112; an included angle between the first light emitting surface 112 and the first inclined surface 113 is an acute angle; the second wedge-shaped light guide plate 120 includes a second inclined surface 123, the first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110 and the second wedge-shaped light guide plate 120 are disposed at an interval, and the first inclined surface 113 and the second inclined surface 123 are disposed opposite to each other and substantially parallel to each other. The term "substantially parallel" includes a case where the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface are completely parallel to each other, and also includes a case where an angle between the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface is less than 1 °.
In some examples, as shown in fig. 7, the first light incident surface 111 may receive light emitted by the light source, the first inclined surface 113 may enable the light emitted by the light source to be totally reflected at the first inclined surface 113, and the first light emitting surface 112 may enable the light emitted by the light source to be emitted.
The backlight module provided by the embodiment can improve the uniformity of the light intensity on one hand, so that the display uniformity and the contrast of the transparent display device adopting the backlight module are improved, on the other hand, the backlight module can also be used for transparent display, and scenes and objects on one side of the second wedge-shaped light guide plate, which is far away from the display panel (for example, the scattering display panel), only have extremely small position deviation or even no position deviation after passing through the backlight module, so that the display quality of the transparent display device adopting the backlight module is improved.
In some examples, as shown in fig. 7, the interval between the first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110 and the second wedge-shaped light guide plate 120 is an air interval 130. Of course, the embodiments of the present disclosure include, but are not limited to, the space between the first wedge-shaped light guide plate and the second wedge-shaped light guide plate is also a space formed by filling other materials, as long as the light incident from the first light incident surface can be totally reflected at the first inclined surface.
In some examples, as shown in fig. 7, the second wedge-shaped light guide plate 120 further includes a second light incident surface 121, and the second light incident surface 121 is disposed opposite to the second inclined surface 123, that is, the second light incident surface 121 and the second inclined surface 123 are two opposite surfaces of the second wedge-shaped light guide plate 120; the second light incident surface 121 is also a surface of the second wedge-shaped light guide plate 120 away from the scattering-type display panel 200. An included angle between the second light incident surface 121 and the second inclined surface 123 is an acute angle, and the second light incident surface 121 is substantially parallel to the first light emitting surface 112. Therefore, the backlight module provided by the example can further ensure that the scene and the object on one side of the second wedge-shaped light guide plate, which is far away from the first wedge-shaped light guide plate, have only minimal position deviation or even no position deviation after passing through the backlight module, thereby further improving the display quality of the transparent display device adopting the backlight module.
For example, a first included angle between the first inclined surface 113 and the first light emitting surface 112 is substantially equal to a second included angle between the second inclined surface 123 and the second light incident surface 121.
In some examples, as shown in fig. 7, the cross section of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate is in a trapezoid shape, and a length of a long base of the trapezoid is in a range of 1-10 mm, that is, a dimension of the first light incident surface 111 in a direction perpendicular to the first light emitting surface 112 is in a range of 1-10 mm; the length of the short base of the trapezoid is in the range of 0.1-2 mm, that is, the dimension of the first top surface 114 of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110 opposite to the first light emitting surface 112 in the direction perpendicular to the first light emitting surface 112 is in the range of 0.1-2 mm. For another example, when the transparent display device is a transparent display device of about 8 inches, the length of the long bottom side of the trapezoidal cross section of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate ranges from 1.6 to 5mm, and the length of the short bottom side of the trapezoidal cross section of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate ranges from 0.1 to 1 mm.
In some examples, as shown in fig. 7, the cross section of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110 is trapezoidal, and the length of the long base of the trapezoid ranges from 2.8 mm to 3.2 mm, that is, the dimension of the first light incident surface 111 in the direction perpendicular to the first light emitting surface 112 ranges from 2.8 mm to 3.2 mm; the length range of the short base of the trapezoid is 0.48-0.52 mm, that is, the size range of the first top surface 114 of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110 opposite to the first light emitting surface 112 in the direction perpendicular to the first light emitting surface 112 is 0.48-0.52 mm; the length range of the height of the trapezoid is 110-.
For example, the size of the first light incident surface 111 in the direction perpendicular to the first light emitting surface 112 is 3 mm; the size of the first light emitting surface 112 in the direction perpendicular to the first light incident surface 111 is 120 mm; the first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110 further includes a first top surface 114 opposite to the first light emitting surface 112, and a dimension of the first top surface 114 in a direction perpendicular to the first light emitting surface 112 is 0.5 mm.
In some examples, as shown in fig. 7, the first light emitting surface 112 is a flat surface, that is, no dot structure is disposed on the first light emitting surface 112; the refractive index of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110 ranges from 1.45 to 2. In addition, the first inclined plane 113 is not provided with a dot structure.
For example, the material of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110 may be selected from a material with high light transmittance (e.g., light transmittance greater than 90%), such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), acryl, polycarbonate, or glass.
For example, the material of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110 may be glass having a refractive index of 1.51314.
In some examples, the second wedge-shaped light guide plate 120 may be made of the same material as the first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110 and have the same refractive index as that of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110.
In some examples, the second wedge-shaped light guide plate 120 may be the same shape as the first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110.
In some examples, as shown in fig. 7, the backlight module 100 further includes a light source 320; the light source 320 is disposed at the first light incident surface 111 of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110 and configured to inject light rays from the first light incident surface 111 toward the first wedge-shaped light guide plate 110, the thickness of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate is gradually reduced from a side where the light source 320 is disposed to an opposite side thereof, and a light emitting half angle of the light source 320 is in a range of 55 to 65 degrees, for example, 60 degrees, that is, the light source 320 may employ a general light emitting half angle. In addition, in some examples, the light emitting half angle of the light source 320 may range from 40 to 50 degrees, for example, 45 degrees, so that the display effect may be further improved.
The following points need to be explained:
(1) in the drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure, only the structures related to the embodiments of the present disclosure are referred to, and other structures may refer to general designs.
(2) Features of the disclosure in the same embodiment and in different embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The above is only a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, but the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present disclosure, and shall be covered by the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (20)
1. A transparent display device, comprising:
the backlight module comprises a first wedge-shaped light guide plate; and
a scattering type display panel includes a plurality of pixels,
the first wedge-shaped light guide plate comprises a first light incoming surface, a first light outgoing surface and a first inclined surface, the first inclined surface is opposite to the first light outgoing surface, an included angle between the first light outgoing surface and the first inclined surface is an acute angle, the scattering type display panel is located on one side of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate where the first light outgoing surface is located, and each pixel is configured to be switchable between a transparent state and a scattering state.
2. The transparent display device according to claim 1, wherein the first light emitting surface is a flat surface, and the refractive index of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate is in a range of 1.45-2.
3. The transparent display device according to claim 2, further comprising:
a transparent layer between the scattering display panel and the backlight module,
the transparent layer is in direct contact with the first light-emitting surface and the scattering display panel respectively, and the refractive index of the transparent layer ranges from 1.30 to 1.50.
4. A transparent display device according to claim 3, wherein the transparent layer has a thickness in the range of 0.05-0.50 mm.
5. The transparent display device according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the backlight module further comprises:
a second wedge-shaped light guide plate including a second inclined surface,
the first wedge-shaped light guide plate and the second wedge-shaped light guide plate are arranged at intervals, and the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane are oppositely arranged and are approximately parallel.
6. The transparent display device according to claim 5, wherein the space between the first wedge-shaped light guide plate and the second wedge-shaped light guide plate is an air space.
7. The transparent display device according to claim 5, wherein the second wedge-shaped light guide plate further comprises: the second goes into the plain noodles, the second goes into the plain noodles with the second inclined plane sets up relatively, the second goes into the plain noodles with the contained angle between the second inclined plane is the acute angle, the second goes into the plain noodles with it is roughly parallel to go out the plain noodles first.
8. The transparent display device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising:
a light source disposed at a first light incident surface of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate and configured to inject light rays from the first light incident surface toward the first wedge-shaped light guide plate, the first wedge-shaped light guide plate having a thickness gradually decreasing from a side where the light source is disposed to an opposite side thereof,
wherein the light-emitting half angle range of the light source is 30-65 degrees.
9. The transparent display device according to claim 8, wherein the first light incident surface is configured to receive light emitted from a light source, the first inclined surface is configured to make the light emitted from the light source totally reflect at the first inclined surface, and the first light emitting surface is configured to emit the light emitted from the light source.
10. The transparent display device according to claim 8, wherein the light source comprises a field sequential light source.
11. The transparent display device according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the scattering display panel further comprises:
the array substrate comprises a first substrate and a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged on the first substrate;
an opposite substrate arranged opposite to the array substrate and provided to the box; and
a liquid crystal layer between the array substrate and the opposite substrate,
wherein the liquid crystal layer comprises polymer-stabilized liquid crystal or polymer-dispersed liquid crystal, and each of the pixel electrodes is configured to drive the polymer-stabilized liquid crystal or polymer-dispersed liquid crystal to switch between a transparent state and a scattering state.
12. The transparent display device according to claim 11, wherein the counter substrate comprises a second substrate having a refractive index in the range of 1.45-2.
13. The transparent display device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first wedge-shaped light guide plate has a trapezoidal cross-sectional shape, a length of a long base of the trapezoidal shape is in a range of 1 to 10 mm, and a length of a short base of the trapezoidal shape is in a range of 0.1 to 2 mm.
14. A backlight module, comprising:
the first wedge-shaped light guide plate comprises a first light incoming surface, a first light outgoing surface and a first inclined surface opposite to the first light outgoing surface, and an included angle between the first light outgoing surface and the first inclined surface is an acute angle; and
a second wedge-shaped light guide plate including a second inclined surface;
the first wedge-shaped light guide plate and the second wedge-shaped light guide plate are arranged at intervals, and the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane are oppositely arranged and are approximately parallel.
15. A backlight module according to claim 14, wherein the space between the first and second wedge-shaped light guide plates is an air space.
16. A backlight module according to claim 14, wherein the second wedge-shaped light guide plate further comprises: the second goes into the plain noodles, the second goes into the plain noodles with the second inclined plane sets up relatively, just the second goes into the plain noodles with the contained angle between the second inclined plane is the acute angle, the second goes into the plain noodles with it is roughly parallel to go out the plain noodles first.
17. A backlight module according to any one of claims 14-16, wherein the first light-emitting surface is a flat surface, and the refractive index of the wedge-shaped light guide plate is in the range of 1.45-2.
18. The backlight module as recited in claim 17, wherein the first light emitting surface is free of dots.
19. A backlight module according to any one of claims 14-16, wherein the first wedge-shaped light guide plate has a trapezoidal cross-section with a length of the longer base of the trapezoid ranging from 1 mm to 10 mm and a length of the shorter base of the trapezoid ranging from 0.1 mm to 2 mm.
20. A backlight module according to any of claims 14-16, further comprising: the first wedge-shaped light guide plate is arranged on the first light incident surface of the first wedge-shaped light guide plate and is configured to emit light rays from the first light incident surface to the first wedge-shaped light guide plate, the first inclined surface is configured to enable the light emitted by the light source to be totally reflected on the first inclined surface, and the first light emitting surface is configured to enable the light emitted by the light source to be emitted.
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| CN201921224142.0U CN210038403U (en) | 2019-07-31 | 2019-07-31 | Transparent display device and backlight module |
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| CN111290069A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-06-16 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Liquid crystal display device having a plurality of pixel electrodes |
| CN111965873A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-20 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | Liquid crystal display device and electronic apparatus |
| WO2021018139A1 (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2021-02-04 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Transparent display apparatus and backlight module |
| CN113156706A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-07-23 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | Backlight module and display device |
| WO2021238466A1 (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2021-12-02 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display panel and transparent display apparatus |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2021018139A1 (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2021-02-04 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Transparent display apparatus and backlight module |
| CN111290069A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-06-16 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Liquid crystal display device having a plurality of pixel electrodes |
| CN111290069B (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2022-06-07 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Liquid crystal display device having a plurality of pixel electrodes |
| WO2021238466A1 (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2021-12-02 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display panel and transparent display apparatus |
| CN111965873A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-20 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | Liquid crystal display device and electronic apparatus |
| CN114488609A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2022-05-13 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Transparent display device, manufacturing method thereof and backlight module |
| CN114488609B (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2023-01-31 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Transparent display device, manufacturing method thereof and backlight module |
| CN113156706A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-07-23 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | Backlight module and display device |
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