CN210037510U - On-line analysis device for material pyrolysis in multi-atmosphere high-pressure environment - Google Patents

On-line analysis device for material pyrolysis in multi-atmosphere high-pressure environment Download PDF

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CN210037510U
CN210037510U CN201920308601.7U CN201920308601U CN210037510U CN 210037510 U CN210037510 U CN 210037510U CN 201920308601 U CN201920308601 U CN 201920308601U CN 210037510 U CN210037510 U CN 210037510U
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pyrolysis
gas
temperature
pressure
pipeline
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张和平
邢浩然
陆松
陶能
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University of Science and Technology of China USTC
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University of Science and Technology of China USTC
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Abstract

The utility model discloses an online analytical equipment of material pyrolysis under many atmospheres high pressure environment, the device is including controllable temperature air inlet pipeline, mass flow controller, solenoid valve, pressure control valve, thermogravimetric analysis appearance, controllable temperature exhaust pipe line, sampling valve case, gas chromatography mass spectrum allies oneself with device, data acquisition unit and computer. Wherein, the sampling valve case includes six-way valve, heating unit, ration ring, appearance adapter. By the device, the reaction and pyrolysis weightlessness conditions of the material under different temperatures, pressures and gas atmospheres can be qualitatively and quantitatively researched, the gas escaping in the reaction process can be analyzed on line, the structure is reliable, the operation is simple and convenient, and equipment support is provided for researching the pyrolysis mechanism of the material in a special environment.

Description

On-line analysis device for material pyrolysis in multi-atmosphere high-pressure environment
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a material pyrolysis analytical equipment's technical field, concretely relates to material pyrolysis online analytical equipment under many atmospheres high-pressure environment.
Background
Thermogravimetric analysis is an analysis method for researching material composition, phase transition, thermal stability and reaction kinetic mechanism by measuring the change of mass of a material with time under a specific temperature-raising program, and is widely applied to the research of various inorganic and organic materials. In order to further study the material composition and the thermal decomposition mechanism, the thermogravimetric analyzer is often used in combination with other analysis devices, such as a differential scanning calorimeter, a fourier infrared spectrometer, a mass spectrometer, etc., to perform a comprehensive analysis of the material properties.
The existing thermogravimetric analysis technology is mainly used for analyzing the pyrolysis of substances under normal pressure, and only one reaction gas is generally introduced except protective gas. In practical production, reaction environments in the fields of energy, chemical industry, metallurgy, aerospace and the like are complex, and many of the reaction environments involve high-pressure environments; the special reaction environment and the accurate online analysis of reaction products have great significance for the deep research of the thermal stability and the reaction mechanism of the material, and the existing analysis device can not meet the actual requirement.
Chinese patent CN101692076A discloses an on-line analysis method and device for cigarette simulated smoking based on infrared oven and GC-MS, which uses two-way atmosphere normal pressure environment to perform on-line analysis on the pyrolysis product of the material, and cannot provide the weight change of the material in the pyrolysis process, and cannot make deep research on the reaction mechanism. Chinese patent CN101692031A discloses a method and a device for realizing cigarette simulated combustion online analysis by using a thermogravimetric analyzer and GC/MS, wherein the thermogravimetric analyzer and the GC/MS are used together, so that the problems that the used sample amount of a cracking instrument is small, the cracking atmosphere can only be inert gas, and the quantification is inaccurate are solved, but only one path of oxygen is introduced, the reaction pressure cannot be controlled, a cracking product is subjected to condensation, collection, heating, desorption and sample injection, and the physical and chemical properties of gas can be unpredictably changed in the condensation and heating processes, so that the purpose of in-situ online analysis cannot be achieved. Chinese patent CN102109446A discloses a method for controlling the reaction gas channeling of a thermobalance analyzer and a pressurized thermobalance analyzer, which can control the pressure of the reaction gas to reach 50atm, can be used in special atmospheres such as water vapor, and prevent the instability of the balance caused by the reaction gas channeling into the balance, but cannot realize the high-pressure pyrolysis reaction under the condition of simultaneously introducing multiple atmospheres, the gas introduction flow cannot be controlled, the pyrolysis escaping gas cannot be analyzed in real time, and the operation is complicated. According to the high-temperature pressurization thermobalance disclosed by the Chinese patent CN104614272B and the application method, the device utilizes protective gas and inert gas introduced from a pressurizing port to meet the experimental pressure, the pressure is controlled by a pressure regulating valve, the pressure control range is narrow, only from normal pressure to 4Mpa, the reaction atmosphere cannot meet the condition that multiple paths of gas are introduced simultaneously, the introduced gas flow cannot be controlled, the thermal decomposition product cannot be analyzed on line, and the experimental process is complex. Chinese patent CN105136601A discloses a static coupling device for high temperature field and complex atmosphere environment, which can simulate the high temperature performance of materials in controllable multiple oxidation and corrosive atmosphere environments, and only provides one high temperature and oxidation or corrosion atmosphere condition to study the high temperature oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance of materials, and its balance design has poor stability compared with a thermogravimetric analysis balance with protective gas, and cannot analyze the pyrolysis problem of materials, and further analyze the escaping gas. The literature (Wangyonggang, Wuhan Shi, high-temperature and high-pressure thermogravimetric device [ J ] for coal gasification kinetics research, Shanxi chemical industry, 1989(2): 25-26; Xun Sheng-Nian. pressure thermogravimetric instrument [ J ] instrument and analysis monitoring, 1995(1):36-37) reports high-pressure thermogravimetric analysis devices, and the devices have the problems of narrow adjustable pressure range, less experimental reaction atmosphere, incapability of on-line analysis on pyrolysis products and the like.
The existing equipment has the limitations that the existing equipment cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of carrying out accurate in-situ analysis on the pyrolysis reaction characteristics and the out-gas physicochemical properties of materials under the conditions of multiple atmospheres, special reaction atmospheres (such as easily liquefied gases) and high-pressure reaction, and the equipment has low integration degree and complex operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at satisfying the actual research demand of the pyrolysis reaction mechanism of material, but the simulation material pyrolysis process under the many atmospheres reaction environment of actual high pressure to can carry out the analysis in real time to the result and the online analytical equipment of material pyrolysis under the many atmospheres high pressure environment that proposes.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
an on-line analysis device for material pyrolysis in a multi-atmosphere high-pressure environment comprises a temperature-controllable air inlet pipeline, a mass flow controller, an electromagnetic valve, a pressure control valve, a thermogravimetric analyzer, a temperature-controllable air outlet pipeline, a sample inlet valve box, a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined device, a data acquisition unit and a computer;
the temperature-controllable gas inlet pipeline comprises three gas supply pipelines for reaction gas and one gas supply pipeline for protective gas; the reaction gas is used for providing various atmosphere environments for material pyrolysis, and the protective gas is used for protecting the stability of a weighing balance in the thermogravimetric analyzer;
the mass flow controller is arranged on a temperature-controllable air inlet pipe of the thermogravimetric analyzer and controls the flow of gas in a pipeline by controlling the electromagnetic valve;
the temperature-controllable exhaust pipeline is provided with a pressure control valve which can monitor the reaction pressure to form a high-pressure condition of the reaction environment;
the thermogravimetric analyzer is used for providing a pyrolysis generating device and weighing the weight loss of the material, and the pyrolysis furnace body can bear the high pressure of 10 Mpa;
the temperature-controllable exhaust pipeline provides a pipeline for escaping gas after pyrolysis of the material to enter the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined device;
the sampling valve box comprises a six-way valve, a heating unit, a quantitative ring and a sampling adapter, wherein the six-way valve and the quantitative ring can control the sampling time and the sampling amount of escaping gas entering the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined device, and a pipeline is matched with a shunting/non-shunting sampling port of the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined device through the adapter;
the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined device is used for qualitatively and quantitatively analyzing the physical and chemical properties of the escaping gas;
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring and recording the pipeline pressure, flow, temperature value and equipment operation condition in the device;
the computer is connected with the data acquisition unit.
Controllable temperature air inlet pipeline for high pressure resistant and the stainless steel pipe of 1/8 inches 316 of corruption, controllable temperature exhaust pipeline for high pressure resistant and the stainless steel pipe of 1/16 inches 316 of corruption, the sample introduction adapter is 1/16 inches pipe switching reposition of redundant personnel/the syringe adapter of splittering sample inlet.
The heating belt is wrapped outside the temperature-controllable air inlet and outlet pipeline, and the highest controllable heating temperature is 300 ℃. The purpose of temperature control of the air inlet pipeline is that if the boiling point of the introduced reaction gas is higher, the introduced reaction gas can be liquefied after entering an unheated pipeline; the purpose of the temperature control of the exhaust line is to prevent the escaping gas generated by pyrolysis from condensing on the tube wall through the cold pipeline, which causes inaccuracy of the subsequent analysis result.
The six-way valve and the pipeline in the sample injection valve box wrap the heating belt, and the temperature can be controlled to be 300 ℃ at most. The purpose of controlling the temperature is to prevent the off-gases produced by pyrolysis from concentrating on the walls of the tube.
The thermogravimetric analyzer can provide the maximum temperature of pyrolysis reaction at 1100 ℃.
The pressure range which can be controlled by the device is normal pressure-8 Mpa.
The protective gas is one of nitrogen, helium or argon.
The control range of the inlet flow of the protective gas and the reaction gas is 0-200 mL/min.
The reaction gas in the utility model includes but is not limited to air, argon, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ethane, ethylene, helium, hydrogen sulfide, methane, neon, nitrogen, nitrous oxide, oxygen, propane, propylene, sulfur dioxide, xenon, and gaseous fire extinguishing agent, such as heptafluoropropane, Halon (1211, 1301, etc.) fire extinguishing agent, etc.
The material of the pyrolysis analysis in the utility model comprises but is not limited to wood, tobacco, coal, rock, biomass material, plastic, battery electrode, metal product, heat preservation and flame retardant material, dry powder extinguishing agent and the like.
The utility model discloses well thermogravimetric analyzer can provide the rate of rise scope: the weighing maximum mass is 500mg at the speed of 0.1-250 ℃/min, and the balance of the thermogravimetric analyzer is a magnetic suspension balance. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined device is a single-quadrupole gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined instrument.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model, its advantage is as follows:
1. the three gas supply pipelines with controllable temperature and flow can realize the thermal decomposition reaction of the material under various atmospheres.
2. Can realize the accurate thermal analysis in the pressure range from normal pressure to 8 MPa.
3. The sampling time and the sampling amount from the pyrolysis product to the gas chromatography mass spectrum can be accurately controlled, the gas chromatography can effectively separate the thermal decomposition product under the condition, and the mass spectrometer can accurately analyze the physical and chemical properties of the thermal decomposition product.
4. The device has high integration degree and simple and convenient operation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the material pyrolysis online analysis device in a multi-atmosphere high-pressure environment of the utility model.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the sampling state of the six-way valve in the sample injection valve box.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the sampling state of the six-way valve in the sampling valve box.
In the figure, 1 is a temperature-controllable air inlet pipeline; 2 is a mass flow controller; 3 is an electromagnetic valve; 4 is thermogravimetric analyzer; 5 is a temperature-controllable exhaust pipeline; 6 is a pressure control valve; 7 is a sample injection valve box; 8 is a six-way valve; 9 is a sample introduction adapter; 10 is a gas chromatography split/non-split sample inlet; 11 is a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined device; 12 is a gas discharge line; 13 is a carrier gas line; 14 is a data acquisition unit; 15 is a computer; 16 is a quantitative loop.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the embodiments.
As shown in FIG. 1, the utility model discloses an online analytical equipment of material pyrolysis under many atmospheres high pressure environment, including controllable temperature air inlet line 1, mass flow controller 2, solenoid valve 3, thermogravimetric analyzer 4, controllable temperature exhaust pipe line 5, pressure control valve 6, sample introduction valve case 7, gas chromatography mass spectrometry device 11, data acquisition unit 14 and computer 15 jointly. The above parts are connected with a gas pipeline through an electric cable to form a set of analysis device.
As shown in fig. 2, a sample to be analyzed is weighed and placed in the thermogravimetric analyzer 4, and the pressure of the reaction, the flow rate of each line of intake air, the temperature of an electric heating tape wrapped around each line, and a temperature raising program are set in the computer 15. And after the reaction conditions reach the set conditions, starting the pyrolysis process, and recording the weight loss condition of the material in real time. Pyrolysis products enter the six-way valve 8 through the gas discharge pipeline 12, different time periods of material pyrolysis are determined according to the weight loss curve of the material to control the sampling time interval of the six-way valve 8, a shunting/non-shunting mode can be selected according to the sampling gas concentration of the specific pyrolysis material, and the pyrolysis products enter mass spectra for qualitative and quantitative analysis after being separated by gas chromatography.
The utility model provides a gas transportation pipeline, the six-way valve 8 outer wall in controllable temperature air inlet line 1, controllable temperature exhaust pipe line 5, the sampling valve case 7 has all wrapped up electrical heating area, comes the controlled temperature according to reacting gas and pyrolysis escaping gas's nature, prevents that its liquefaction from attaching to the pipe wall on, controllable highest temperature is 300 ℃, through data acquisition unit 14 and computer 15 to temperature control. The flow of the three paths of reaction gases is set through the computer 15, and the mass flow controller 2 and the electromagnetic valve 3 control the flow of the pipelines, so that reaction atmosphere environments with different proportions are realized.
The utility model discloses well material pyrolysis high pressure reaction environment is realized through pressure control valve 6 in the controllable temperature exhaust pipe line 1. In the pyrolysis program setting, reaction pressure is preset, after reaction gas is introduced into a high-pressure resistant pyrolysis chamber of the thermogravimetric analyzer 4, the data acquisition unit 14 acquires pressure data at the pressure control valve 6 in real time, the computer 15 compares actual pressure with preset pressure, and the set reaction pressure is maintained to be stable by controlling the pressure control valve 6 (the pressure is lower than the preset pressure, the flow of exhaust gas is reduced, and the pressure is higher than the preset pressure, the flow of exhaust gas is increased).
The utility model discloses well six-way valve mode is as follows:
fig. 3 shows the six-way valve turned to the sampling state: gas exhausted by the thermogravimetric analyzer passes through a controllable temperature exhaust pipeline 5, a quantitative ring 16 and a gas exhaust pipeline 12 and is exhausted; the carrier gas in the pipeline 13 enters the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry device through the sample adapter 9 and the split/non-split sample inlet.
Fig. 4 shows the six-way valve turned to the sample injection state: the carrier gas brings the pyrolysis escaping gas in the quantitative ring 16 into the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined device for analysis, and the gas discharged by the thermogravimetric analyzer is discharged through the gas discharge pipeline 12.
Example 1
Weighing 5-20mg of sample, placing the sample in a thermogravimetric analyzer crucible, setting the pressure of pyrolysis reaction (local air pressure-8 MPa), the flow of each air inlet pipeline (0-200mL/min), the temperature of an electric heating belt wrapped outside each pipeline (room temperature-300 ℃), a pyrolysis temperature rise program (the temperature rise rate is 0.1-250 ℃/min and the highest temperature is 1100 ℃) according to experimental conditions, starting the pyrolysis process after the reaction conditions reach the set conditions, and recording the weight loss condition of the material in real time through a data acquisition module. And (4) allowing pyrolysis escaping gas to enter the six-way valve, and determining different stages of material pyrolysis according to the weight loss curve of the material, so as to set the sampling time interval of the six-way valve. The quantitative loop volume is determined by the amount of gas produced from pyrolysis of the material. And (4) separating the pyrolysis product by gas chromatography, and performing qualitative and quantitative analysis by mass spectrometry. The sample injection mode of the sample injection port of the chromatographic device and the analysis conditions of the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined device are determined according to specific pyrolysis materials and instruments used.
Example 2
Weighing 5mg of certain coal powder, placing the coal powder in a crucible of a thermogravimetric analyzer, setting the reaction pressure to be 5MPa, setting the protective gas to be nitrogen and the flow to be 50mL/min, respectively setting the reaction gas to be nitrogen and the flow to be 70mL/min, methane and the flow to be 10mL/min, carbon dioxide and the flow to be 50mL/min, keeping an air inlet pipeline unheated, setting the temperature of an exhaust pipeline and a heating zone outside a six-way valve to be 200 ℃, raising the temperature to 1000 ℃ at the temperature raising rate of 20 ℃/min, and balancing for 5min at the temperature of 1000 ℃; the sampling time interval of the six-way valve is 5min, the volume of the quantitative ring is 1mL, and the quantitative ring enters a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined device for analysis.
Setting conditions of the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry device:
a chromatographic column: a methylsiloxane chromatographic column of 30m × 0.25mm × 0.25 μm, with an initial column temperature of 80 deg.C, a temperature rise rate of 10 deg.C/min to 260 deg.C, and a hold time of 10 min; the temperature of a sample inlet is 280 ℃, the sample injection mode is not divided, and the sample injection volume is 1 mL; the carrier gas is helium, and the constant current mode is 1 mL/min; the ionization mode EI is that the temperature of an ion source is 275 ℃ and the temperature of a transmission line is 280 ℃.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an online analytical equipment of material pyrolysis under many atmospheres high pressure environment which characterized in that: the device comprises a temperature-controllable air inlet pipeline, a mass flow controller, an electromagnetic valve, a pressure control valve, a thermogravimetric analyzer, a temperature-controllable exhaust pipeline, a sample injection valve box, a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined device, a data acquisition unit and a computer; wherein:
the temperature-controllable gas inlet pipeline comprises three gas supply pipelines of reaction gas and one gas supply pipeline of protective gas; the reaction gas is used for providing various atmosphere environments for material pyrolysis, and the protective gas is used for protecting the stability of a weighing balance in the thermogravimetric analyzer;
the mass flow controller is arranged on a temperature-controllable air inlet pipe of the thermogravimetric analyzer and controls the flow of gas in a pipeline by controlling the electromagnetic valve;
the temperature-controllable exhaust pipeline is provided with a pressure control valve which can monitor the reaction pressure to form a high-pressure condition of the reaction environment;
the thermogravimetric analyzer is used for providing a pyrolysis generating device and weighing the weight loss of the material, and a pyrolysis furnace body can bear high pressure;
the temperature-controllable exhaust pipeline provides a pipeline for escaping gas after pyrolysis of the material to enter the chromatographic mass spectrometry combined device;
the sample injection valve box comprises a six-way valve, a heating unit, a quantitative ring and a sample injection adapter, can control the sample injection time and the sample injection amount of escaping gas entering the chromatographic mass spectrometry combined device, and is matched with a flow distribution/non-flow distribution sample injection port of the chromatographic mass spectrometry combined device;
the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined device is used for qualitatively and quantitatively analyzing physicochemical properties of escaping gas;
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring and recording the pipeline pressure, flow, temperature value and equipment operation condition in the device;
the computer is connected with the data acquisition unit.
2. The on-line analysis device for the pyrolysis of the materials under the multi-atmosphere high-pressure environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: controllable temperature air inlet pipeline for high pressure resistant and the stainless steel pipe of 1/8 inches 316 of corruption, controllable temperature exhaust pipeline for high pressure resistant and the stainless steel pipe of 1/16 inches 316 of corruption, the sample introduction adapter is 1/16 inches pipe switching reposition of redundant personnel/the syringe adapter of splittering sample inlet.
3. The on-line analysis device for the pyrolysis of the materials under the multi-atmosphere high-pressure environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heating belt is wrapped outside the temperature-controllable air inlet and outlet pipeline, and the highest controllable heating temperature is 300 ℃.
4. The on-line analysis device for the pyrolysis of the materials under the multi-atmosphere high-pressure environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the six-way valve in the sample injection valve box wraps the heating belt, and the temperature can be controlled to be 300 ℃ at most.
5. The on-line analysis device for the pyrolysis of the materials under the multi-atmosphere high-pressure environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thermogravimetric analyzer can provide the maximum temperature of pyrolysis reaction at 1100 ℃.
6. The on-line analysis device for the pyrolysis of the materials under the multi-atmosphere high-pressure environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pressure range which can be controlled by the device is normal pressure-8 MPa.
7. The on-line analysis device for the pyrolysis of the materials under the multi-atmosphere high-pressure environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the protective gas is one of nitrogen, helium or argon.
8. The on-line analysis device for the pyrolysis of the materials under the multi-atmosphere high-pressure environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the control range of the inlet flow of the protective gas and the reaction gas is 0-200 mL/min.
9. The on-line analysis device for the pyrolysis of the materials under the multi-atmosphere high-pressure environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reaction gas is air, argon, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ethane, ethylene, helium, hydrogen sulfide, methane, neon, nitrogen, nitrous oxide, oxygen, propane, propylene, sulfur dioxide, xenon or a gas extinguishing agent.
10. The on-line analysis device for the pyrolysis of the materials under the multi-atmosphere high-pressure environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the material for pyrolytic analysis is wood, tobacco, coal, rock, biomass material, plastic, battery electrode, metal product, heat insulating and fire retarding material or dry powder extinguishing agent.
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109827865A (en) * 2019-03-12 2019-05-31 中国科学技术大学 Materials pyrolysis on-line analysis device under a kind of more atmosphere hyperbaric environments
CN111781086A (en) * 2020-08-11 2020-10-16 中钢集团洛阳耐火材料研究院有限公司 Method for rapidly detecting high-temperature oxidation resistance of silicon carbide refractory material
CN116106165A (en) * 2023-03-23 2023-05-12 哈尔滨工业大学 Magnesium alloy sand casting pyrolysis atmosphere detection device and detection method

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109827865A (en) * 2019-03-12 2019-05-31 中国科学技术大学 Materials pyrolysis on-line analysis device under a kind of more atmosphere hyperbaric environments
CN109827865B (en) * 2019-03-12 2024-03-29 中国科学技术大学 Material pyrolysis on-line analysis device under multi-atmosphere high-pressure environment
CN111781086A (en) * 2020-08-11 2020-10-16 中钢集团洛阳耐火材料研究院有限公司 Method for rapidly detecting high-temperature oxidation resistance of silicon carbide refractory material
CN116106165A (en) * 2023-03-23 2023-05-12 哈尔滨工业大学 Magnesium alloy sand casting pyrolysis atmosphere detection device and detection method

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