CN210037199U - Rotating machinery dynamic mechanical quantity measurement experimental device - Google Patents
Rotating machinery dynamic mechanical quantity measurement experimental device Download PDFInfo
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- CN210037199U CN210037199U CN201920852211.6U CN201920852211U CN210037199U CN 210037199 U CN210037199 U CN 210037199U CN 201920852211 U CN201920852211 U CN 201920852211U CN 210037199 U CN210037199 U CN 210037199U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a rotating machinery dynamic mechanical quantity measurement experimental device, which comprises a rotating machinery base, one side of a double-shaft motor is connected with a photoelectric type rotary encoder, the other side of the double-shaft motor is connected with a rotor disc rotating shaft through a flexible coupling, two ends of the rotor disc rotating shaft are respectively fixed through a ball bearing and a movable bearing, a rotor disc is fixed on the rotor disc rotating shaft through screws, the number of the rotor disc can be changed, the position of the rotor disc rotating shaft can be adjusted, and the rotor disc is provided with a screw hole for mounting weights; force sensors and fixed blocks are respectively arranged on two sides of the movable bearing and are connected to the fixed support through bolts on two sides, and the movable bearing is aligned with the ball bearing through the position adjustment of the bolts on two sides; the displacement sensor support is fixed on the rotary machine base, and the eddy current displacement sensor is arranged on the sensor support; the experimental device can realize 7 experimental teaching contents, and has the advantages of strong experimental design, diversity, compact integral structure, simple operation, high integration level and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a mechanics experimental apparatus, concretely relates to rotating machinery dynamic mechanics volume measurement experimental apparatus.
Background
In engineering practice, the rotating shaft of a rotating machine may be offset from the central principal axis of inertia due to non-uniformity in installation, manufacture or material itself. Therefore, when the rotary machine runs at a high speed, a large additional dynamic reaction force is generated due to the inertia force, the abrasion of the bearing is intensified, meanwhile, vibration and noise are generated, the transmission efficiency of the machine is reduced, the normal use of the machine is influenced, and the service life of the machine is shortened. The change of the additional dynamic reaction force of the rotary machine, the vibration amplitude of the rotating shaft and the axle center track reflect the vibration and the eccentricity of the rotating shaft and the running condition of the bearing. Therefore, in the fault diagnosis of the construction rotary machine, monitoring of the dynamic reaction force applied to the bearing seat, the amplitude of the rotating shaft, and the axis locus is very important. In teaching, in order to visually reflect the actual engineering problems, the practical working condition is necessarily simulated, and a student experiment device with strong operability, simplicity and reliability for measuring the dynamic mechanical quantity of the rotary machine is developed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a rotating machinery dynamic mechanical quantity measurement experimental apparatus, this experimental apparatus can realize 7 kinds of experiment teaching content: the method comprises the following steps of measuring dynamic reaction of a single rotor disc bearing seat of the rotary machine, measuring dynamic reaction of a plurality of rotor disc bearing seats of the rotary machine (2 rotor discs and above), measuring dynamic balance of a single rotor disc of the rotary machine, measuring dynamic balance of a plurality of rotor discs of the rotary machine, measuring vibration amplitude of a rotary machine rotating shaft, measuring an axis track of the rotary machine rotating shaft, measuring rotating speed, angular speed and angular acceleration of the rotary machine and the like. The device has the advantages of strong experimental design, diversity, compact overall structure, simplicity in operation, high integration level and the like.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a rotating machinery dynamic mechanical quantity measurement experimental device comprises a rotating machinery base 1, a double-shaft motor 2 is fixed on the rotating machinery base 1, one shaft of the double-shaft motor 2 is connected with a photoelectric rotary encoder 3 for controlling the rotating speed of the double-shaft motor 2, the other shaft of the double-shaft motor 2 is connected with a rotor disc rotating shaft 5 through a flexible coupling 4, one end of the rotor disc rotating shaft 5 is fixed through a ball bearing 6 installed on the rotating machinery base 1, the other end of the rotor disc rotating shaft is fixed through a movable bearing 7 installed on the rotating machinery base 1, and the ball bearing 6 is close to the double-shaft motor 2; the rotor discs 8 are fixedly connected to the rotor disc rotating shaft 5 through screws 10, screw holes capable of mounting weights 9 are uniformly formed in the rotor discs 8, the flexible coupling 4 is opened, the rotor disc rotating shaft 5 is moved towards one end of the movable bearing 7, the number of the rotor discs 8 can be increased or decreased on the rotating shaft 5, and the positions of the rotor discs 8 can be freely adjusted; a force sensor 11 is arranged on the left side of the movable bearing 7 and is connected to a fixed support 13 through a left bolt 12, a fixed block 14 is arranged on the right side of the movable bearing 7 and is connected to the fixed support 13 through a right bolt 15, the fixed support 13 is fixedly arranged on the rotary mechanical base 1, and the position of the movable bearing 7 is adjusted to be aligned with the ball bearing 6 through the left bolt 12 and the right bolt 15; when the axis track and the amplitude of the rotor disc rotating shaft 5 need to be measured, the rotating machine base 1 is fixed with the displacement sensor support 16, one or two eddy current displacement sensors 17 are installed on the displacement sensor support 16, the axis track of the rotor disc rotating shaft 5 can be measured by vertically installing the two eddy current displacement sensors 17, the vibration amplitude of the rotor disc rotating shaft 5 can be measured by installing one eddy current displacement sensor 17, and the position of the displacement sensor support 16 on the rotor disc rotating shaft 5 can be adjusted.
Rotor dish 5 one end is passed through flexible coupling 4 and is connected biax motor 2 to fixed through ball bearing 6, the other end passes through movable bearing 7 and fixes, 6 position determination backs in the ball bearing, movable bearing 7 can furthest guarantee that rotor dish pivot 5 aligns with the 2 axial centers of biax motor, and flexible coupling of rotor dish pivot 5 and biax motor 2 axle can be guaranteed to flexible coupling 4, with the guarantee experimental result reliability.
One side of the force sensor 11 is installed on the movable bearing 7, the other side of the force sensor is connected to the fixed support 13, the force sensor 11 is installed horizontally, the influence of the gravity of the rotor disc 8 on a force measurement value is not considered, and the measurement value is the horizontal component of the dynamic reaction force of the bearing seat.
The experimental method of the rotating machinery dynamic mechanical quantity measuring experimental device comprises the steps that when a rotor disc 8 is in initial dynamic balance, weights with any mass are arranged at different screw holes of the rotor disc 8, dynamic counter force is added to a bearing seat and is measured through a force sensor 11, if eccentric mass exists in the rotor disc 8, the dynamic counter force of the bearing seat is measured in real time through adjusting the mass and the installation position of the weights through the force sensor 11, the eccentric mass position can be determined, when a plurality of rotor discs 8 are arranged on a rotor disc rotating shaft 5, the mass and the position of the weights are adjusted through design, the experimental device achieves dynamic balance, dynamic balance experiments are carried out, two eddy current sensors 17 are vertically arranged on a displacement sensor support 16, namely the axis locus of the rotor disc 5 can be measured, and one eddy current sensor 17 is arranged, namely the vibration amplitude of the rotor disc 5 can be measured, the device can be used for the measurement experiment of the rotating speed, the angular velocity and the angular acceleration of the rotating machine through the photoelectric rotary encoder 3.
The measuring of the dynamic reaction of the bearing seat comprises a dynamic reaction measuring experiment of a plurality of rotor disc bearing seats of the rotary machine and a dynamic reaction measuring experiment of a single rotor disc bearing seat of the rotary machine;
1) dynamic and inverse of multiple rotor disc bearing seats of rotary machineForce measurement experiment: taking two rotor disks as an example, weights 9 are arranged at any scale positions on two rotor disks 8 which are initially in dynamic balance, the central distance from each weight 9 to the rotor disk rotating shaft 5 is e, and the mass of each weight 9, namely the eccentric mass is m1And m2When the included angle between the two eccentric masses is theta and the rotating speed of the rotating machine is omega, the inertia forces generated by the two eccentric masses are respectively Fg1＝m1eω2，Fg2＝m2eω2(ii) a According to the darenbell principle, the following equilibrium equation is:
ΣFx＝FAx+FBx-Fg2sinθ＝0
ΣFy＝0
ΣFz＝FAz+FBz-Fg1-Fg2cosθ-G1-G2＝0
ΣMAx(F)＝Fg1l+Fg22lcosθ+G1l+G22l-FBz3l＝0
ΣMAy(F)＝0
ΣMAz(F)＝FBx3l-Fg22lsinθ＝0
in the formula, Fx、FyAnd FzResultant forces in x, y and z directions, MAx、MAyAnd MAzThe resultant moment of the forces in the x, y and z directions to the point A, FAxAnd FBxComponent of A, B two-point bearing dynamic reaction force in x direction on the base of rotary machine, FAzAnd FBzComponent G in z direction of A, B two-point bearing dynamic reaction force on the base of rotary machine1For rotor disc mass and eccentric mass m1And, G2For rotor disc mass and eccentric mass m2L is the distance between the rotor discs and A, B points on the rotating machinery base; because the dynamic reaction force is measured in the experiment, and the gravity only influences the static reaction force in the counter force of the support, the dynamic reaction force result has no influence of the gravity;
solving the equation to obtain:
then, the magnitudes of the A, B two-point dynamic reaction forces of the rotating machine base 1 are:
in the experiment, the force sensor 11 is arranged in the horizontal direction of a point B, the horizontal component of the bearing pedestal dynamic reaction force can be measured in real time, and the peak value of the measured value of the force sensor 11 is the size of the bearing pedestal dynamic reaction force:
therefore, the bearing seat reaction force can be measured from the mass and the mounting position of the weight 9. The measurement data of the experimental device is well consistent with the theoretical result of the Dalnbell principle.
2) Experiment for measuring dynamic reaction force of single rotor disc bearing seat of rotary machine: for a single rotor disc system of a rotating machine, a weight 9 is installed at any scale position on a rotor disc 8, the central distance from the weight 9 to a rotor disc rotating shaft 5 is e, the mass, namely the eccentric mass, of the weight 9 is m, the rotating speed is omega, and the generated inertia force is Fg＝m eω2(ii) a According to the darenbell principle, the following equilibrium equation is:
ΣFx＝0
ΣFy＝0
ΣFz＝FAz+FBz-Fg-G＝0
ΣMAx(F)＝Fgl+Gl-FBz2l＝0
ΣMAy(F)＝0
ΣMAz(F)＝0
in the formula, Fx、FyAnd FzResultant forces in x, y and z directions, MAx、MAyAnd MAzThe resultant moment F of the forces in the x, y and z directions on the point A on the base of the rotating machineAzAnd FBzThe components of A, B point bearing pedestal dynamic reaction force in the z direction on the rotary mechanical base are respectively, G is the sum of the rotor disc mass and the eccentric mass m, and l is the distance between the rotor disc and A, B points on the rotary mechanical base; because the dynamic reaction force is measured in the experiment, and the gravity only influences the static reaction force in the counter force of the support, the dynamic reaction force result has no influence of the gravity;
solving the equation to obtain:
then, the magnitudes of the A, B two-point dynamic reaction forces of the rotating machine base 1 are:
in the experiment, the force sensor 11 is arranged in the horizontal direction of a point B, the horizontal component of the bearing pedestal dynamic reaction force can be measured in real time, and the peak value of the measured value of the force sensor 11 is the size of the bearing pedestal dynamic reaction force:
the mass of the weight 9 is increased in the experiment, the mounting position of the weight 9 is changed, and the dynamic reaction force of the bearing seat can be measured. According to the weight quality and the installation position, the dynamic reaction value can be calculated by the Dalnbell principle, and the experimental value is well matched with the theoretical value.
The dynamic balance experiment comprises a dynamic balance experiment of a plurality of rotor disks of the rotary machine and a dynamic balance experiment of a single rotor disk of the rotary machine;
1) dynamic balance experiment of multiple rotor discs of rotating machinery: taking three rotor disks as an example, when the rotor disks 8 are in initial dynamic balance, assume that a mass m is mounted on one of the rotor disks 80 Weight 9 with a position coordinate of (x)0,z0) According to the dynamic balance condition of the rotary machine, the installation position and the quality of a weight 9 on a rotor disc 8 are adjusted through designing an experimental scheme, so that the rotor disc reaches a dynamic balance state as much as possible, namely the dynamic counter force of a bearing seat is 0; for three rotor discs, the first rotor disc 8 is provided with a mass m1Weight 9 with position coordinates of (x)1,z1) On the second rotor disc 8, a mass m is mounted2 Weight 9 with position coordinates of (x)2,z2) The third rotor disc 8 has the installation mass m3Weight 9 with position coordinates of (x)3,z3) (ii) a When the rotor disc reaches dynamic balance, the x and z coordinates of the mass center of the system are 0, namely
m0x0+m1x1+m2x2+m3x3＝0
m0z0+m1z1+m2z2+m3z3＝0
And the product of inertia about the axis of rotation of the rotor disc, i.e. the y-axis, is 0, i.e.
Jxy＝0,m0x0l+m1x1l+m2x22l+m3x33l＝0
Jzy＝0,m0z0l+m1z1l+m2z22l+m3z33l＝0
Wherein l is the distance between the rotor disc and A, B points on the base of the rotating machine, and Jxy、JzyWhich are the products of inertia of the rotor disk system in the x and z directions on the rotation axis of the rotor disk, i.e. the y axis, respectively.
In the experiment, the force sensor 11 is arranged in the horizontal direction of the point B of the base 1 of the rotary machine, the horizontal component of the dynamic reaction force of the bearing seat can be measured in real time, and only the mass m of the weight 9 is required1，m2，m3And weight 9 mounting position (x)1,z1)，(x2,z2)，(x3,z3) If the above relation is satisfied, the measured value of the force sensor 11 is 0, i.e. the rotor disc of the rotating machine is in dynamic balance. It should be noted that the answer to this experiment may not be unique.
Similarly, when the rotor disc 8 has eccentric mass, the installation position and mass of the weight 9 on the rotor disc 8 can be adjusted according to the dynamic balance principle by designing an experimental scheme, so that the rotor disc reaches a balanced state as much as possible, namely the dynamic reaction force of the bearing seat is 0.
2) Dynamic balance experiment of single rotor disc of rotating machinery: a rotor disc 8 is arranged on the rotor disc rotating shaft 5, and when the rotor disc 8 is in initial dynamic balance, a mass m is arranged at any scale position on the rotor disc 80According to the dynamic balance principle, the mounting position and the mass of the weight 9 on the rotor disc 8 are adjusted through the design experiment scheme, so that the rotor disc reaches a dynamic balance state as much as possible, namely the dynamic counter force of the bearing seat is 0. Similarly, when the rotor disc 8 has eccentric mass, the installation position and mass of the weight 9 on the rotor disc 8 can be adjusted according to the dynamic balance principle of the rotor disc through the design experimental scheme, so that the rotor disc reaches a balanced state as much as possible, namely the dynamic counter force of the bearing seat is 0.
The rotating speed, the angular speed and the angular acceleration of the rotating machine are measured and tested: the photoelectric rotary encoder 3 is connected to a rotary machine control and signal collector, namely the rotating speed, the angular speed and the angular acceleration of the rotary machine can be measured.
The method for measuring the vibration amplitude of the rotating shaft of the rotor disc comprises the following steps: a displacement sensor support 16 is installed on a rotary machine base 1, an eddy current displacement sensor 17 is installed on the displacement sensor support 16, and the eddy current displacement sensor 17 is connected with a rotary machine control and signal collector, so that the vibration amplitude of a rotor disc rotating shaft can be measured.
The method for measuring the axle center track of the rotor disk rotating shaft comprises the following steps: an eddy current displacement sensor 17 is respectively arranged on the displacement sensor bracket 16 in two directions which are perpendicular to each other, and the eddy current displacement sensor 17 is connected with a rotating machine control and signal collector, namely, the axis locus of the rotating shaft of the rotor disc can be measured.
The utility model has the advantages as follows:
1) the utility model discloses designability is strong, and secondary development ability is strong, and test operating mode multiclass, test scheme are various, the utility model discloses can realize 7 kinds of experiment teaching content under one set of experimental apparatus and system: the method comprises the following steps of measuring dynamic reaction of a single rotor disc bearing seat of the rotary machine, measuring dynamic reaction of a plurality of rotor disc bearing seats of the rotary machine (2 rotor discs and more), measuring dynamic balance of a single rotor disc of the rotary machine, measuring dynamic balance of a plurality of rotor discs of the rotary machine, measuring vibration amplitude of a rotating shaft of a rotor disc of the rotary machine, measuring an axle center track of a rotating shaft of a rotor disc of the rotary machine, measuring rotating speed, angular speed and angular acceleration of the rotary machine and the like.
2) The utility model discloses simulation engineering actual problem develops rotating machinery dynamic mechanics volume measurement experimental apparatus, cultivates, arouses student to the understanding of dynamic balance notion, reaches the langbeil principle understanding, has positive important meaning in the aspect of using to strengthening student's engineering practice ability.
3) The experimental device is simple in design, high in reliability and operability, high in goodness of fit between experimental results and the calculated theoretical value of the Dalangbel principle, suitable for large-area student experiments and high in popularization.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of the experimental apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the stationary bracket.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the experimental device with a displacement sensor bracket.
Fig. 4a and 4b each show one of the two rotor disks.
Fig. 5 is a simplified diagram of a dynamic reaction force measurement model of a plurality of rotor disc bearing seats of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a simplified diagram of a dynamic reaction force measurement model of a single rotor disc bearing seat of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a simplified diagram of a plurality of rotor disc dynamic balance experimental models.
Detailed Description
The structure and operation of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the utility model relates to a rotating machinery dynamic mechanical quantity measurement experimental apparatus, including rotating machinery base 1, double-shaft motor 2 is fixed on rotating machinery base 1, the photoelectric type rotary encoder 3 of 2 rotational speeds of shaft coupling control double-shaft motor of double-shaft motor 2, another axle of double-shaft motor 2 passes through flexible shaft coupling 4 and connects rotor dish pivot 5, 5 one ends of pivot are fixed through ball bearing 6 of installing on rotating machinery base 1 simultaneously, the 5 other ends of pivot are fixed through the loose bearing 7 of installing on rotating machinery base 1, ball bearing 6 closes on double-shaft motor 2.
As shown in fig. 2, the movable bearing 7 is provided with a force sensor 11 on the left side and a fixed block 14 on the right side, the left and right sides are respectively connected to a fixed support 13 by a left bolt 12 and a right bolt 15, the fixed support 13 is fixedly installed on the rotating machine base 1, and the movable bearing 7 adjusts the center position of the rotating shaft 5 by the left bolt 12 and the right bolt 15.
The rotor disc 8 is installed on the rotating shaft 5 through the screw 10, the position of the rotor disc 8 on the rotating shaft 5 can be freely adjusted according to experimental requirements, the rotating shaft 5 can be provided with a plurality of rotor discs, as shown in fig. 4a and 4b, weights 9 can be installed in screw holes evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the disc 8, as shown in fig. 1, the flexible coupling 4 is opened, the rotating shaft 5 is moved to a fixed support end, the number of the rotor discs 8 can be increased or decreased on the rotating shaft 5, and the position of the disc 8 can be freely adjusted.
As shown in fig. 3, when the axial track and the amplitude of the rotor disk rotating shaft 5 need to be measured, the rotating machine base 1 is fixed with the displacement sensor bracket 16, one or two eddy current displacement sensors 17 are installed on the displacement sensor bracket 16, the axial track of the rotor disk rotating shaft 5 can be measured by installing the two eddy current displacement sensors 17 vertically, the vibration amplitude of the rotor disk rotating shaft 5 can be measured by installing one eddy current displacement sensor 17, and the position of the displacement sensor bracket 16 on the rotor disk rotating shaft 5 can be adjusted.
The utility model discloses an experimental method of a rotating machinery dynamic mechanical quantity measuring experimental device, when a rotor disc 8 is in initial dynamic balance and weights with any mass are arranged at different screw holes of the rotor disc 8, the bearing seat is added with dynamic counter force and is measured by a force sensor 11, if the rotor disc 8 has eccentric mass, the dynamic counter force of the bearing seat is measured by the force sensor 11 in real time by adjusting the mass and the installation position of the weights, the eccentric mass position can be determined, when a plurality of rotor discs 8 are arranged on a rotor disc rotating shaft 5, the weight mass and the position are adjusted by design, the experimental device achieves dynamic balance, dynamic balance experiment is carried out, two eddy current sensors 17 are vertically arranged on a displacement sensor bracket 16, namely, the axle center track of the rotor disc rotating shaft 5 can be measured, and the vibration amplitude of the rotor disc 5 can be measured by arranging one eddy current sensor, the device can be used for the measurement experiment of the rotating speed, the angular velocity and the angular acceleration of the rotating machine through the photoelectric rotary encoder 3.
The specific experimental method is as follows:
1) a plurality of rotor disc bearing blocks of rotating machinery move the reaction measurement experiment: taking a double-disk rotor as an example, when the rotor disks are in initial dynamic balance, as shown in fig. 1, weights 9 are mounted at any scale positions on the two rotor disks 8, as shown in fig. 5, the distance from the weight 9 to the center of the rotor disk rotating shaft 5 is e, and the mass of the weight 9, i.e., the eccentric mass, is m1And m2When the included angle between the two eccentric masses is theta and the rotating speed of the rotating machine is omega, the inertia forces generated by the two eccentric masses are respectively Fg1＝m1eω2， Fg2＝m2eω2. According to the darenbell principleThe column equilibrium equation is as follows:
ΣFx＝FAx+FBx-Fg2sinθ＝0
ΣFy＝0
ΣFz＝FAz+FBz-Fg1-Fg2cosθ-G1-G2＝0
ΣMAx(F)＝Fg1l+Fg22lcosθ+G1l+G22l-FBz3l＝0
ΣMAy(F)＝0
ΣMAz(F)＝FBx3l-Fg22lsinθ＝0
in the formula, Fx、FyAnd FzResultant forces in x, y and z directions, MAx、MAyAnd MAzThe resultant moment F of the forces in the x, y and z directions on the point A on the base of the rotating machineAxAnd FBxComponent of A, B two-point bearing dynamic reaction force in x direction on the base of rotary machine, FAzAnd FBzComponent G in z direction of A, B two-point bearing dynamic reaction force on the base of rotary machine1For rotor disc mass and eccentric mass m1And, G2For rotor disc mass and eccentric mass m2The sum of (1). Because the dynamic reaction force is measured in the experiment, and the gravity only influences the static reaction force in the support reaction force, the dynamic reaction force result has no influence of the gravity. As shown in fig. 5, l is the distance between the rotor disks and the point where the rotor disks are located from the support A, B.
Solving the equation yields:
then, the A, B two-point dynamic reaction forces of the rotating machine base 1 are:
the force sensor 11 is installed in the horizontal direction of B point in the experiment, can measure the horizontal component of bearing frame dynamic reaction in real time, and the peak value of the force sensor 11 measuring value is the size of bearing frame dynamic reaction:
therefore, the bearing seat dynamic reaction force can be measured according to the mass and the installation position of the weight. The measurement result of the experimental device is well consistent with the theoretical result of the Dalnbell principle.
2) Experiment for measuring dynamic reaction force of single rotor disc bearing seat of rotary machine: for a single rotor disc system of a rotary machine, weights 9 are arranged at any scale positions on a rotor disc 8, so that the dynamic reaction force of a bearing seat can be measured, the mass of the weights 9 is increased in an experiment, the installation positions of the weights 9 are changed, and the change of the dynamic reaction force is observed. The force of reaction can be calculated by the Dalabel principle, and the experimental value is well matched with the theoretical value.
As shown in fig. 6, in the single rotor disk system of the rotary machine, a weight 9 is mounted at an arbitrary scale position on the rotor disk 8, the center distance from the weight 9 to the rotor disk rotating shaft 5 is e, the mass of the weight 9, i.e., the eccentric mass, is m, and the rotation speed is ω, and the generated inertial force is Fg＝m eω2(ii) a According to the darenbell principle, the following equilibrium equation is:
ΣFx＝0
ΣFy＝0
ΣFz＝FAz+FBz-Fg-G＝0
ΣMAx(F)＝Fgl+Gl-FBz2l＝0
ΣMAy(F)＝0
ΣMAz(F)＝0
in the formula, Fx、FyAnd FzResultant forces in x, y and z directions, MAx、MAyAnd MAzThe resultant moment of the forces in the x, y and z directions to the point A, FAzAnd FBzThe components of A, B two-point bearing base dynamic reaction force on the rotary machine base in the z direction are respectively, G is the sum of the mass of the rotor disc and the eccentric mass m, and l is the distance between the rotor disc and A, B points on the rotary machine base as shown in FIG. 6; because the dynamic reaction force is measured in the experiment, and the gravity only influences the static reaction force in the support reaction force, the dynamic reaction force result has no influence of the gravity.
3) Dynamic balance experiment of multiple rotor discs of rotating machinery: a plurality (at least 2) of rotor discs 8 are mounted on the rotor disc shaft 5,
taking three rotor disks as an example, when the rotor disks 8 are in initial dynamic balance, assume that a mass m is mounted on one of the rotor disks 80 Weight 9 with a position coordinate of (x)0,z0) According to the dynamic balance condition of the rotary machine, the installation position and the quality of a weight 9 on a rotor disc 8 are adjusted through designing an experimental scheme, so that the rotor disc reaches a dynamic balance state as much as possible, namely the dynamic counter force of a bearing seat is 0; for three rotor discs, the first rotor disc 8 is provided with a mass m1Weight 9 with position coordinates of (x)1,z1) On the second rotor disc 8, a mass m is mounted2 Weight 9 with position coordinates of (x)2,z2) The third rotor disc 8 has the installation mass m3Weight 9 with position coordinates of (x)3,z3) (ii) a When the rotor disc reaches dynamic balance, the x and z coordinates of the mass center of the system are 0, namely
m0x0+m1x1+m2x2+m3x3＝0
m0z0+m1z1+m2z2+m3z3＝0
And the product of inertia about the axis of rotation of the rotor disc, i.e. the y-axis, is 0, i.e.
Jxy＝0,m0x0l+m1x1l+m2x22l+m3x33l＝0
Jzy＝0,m0z0l+m1z1l+m2z22l+m3z33l＝0
Wherein l is the distance between the rotor disk and A, B points on the rotating machine base, J is shown in FIG. 7xy、 JzyWhich are the products of inertia of the rotor disk system in the x and z directions on the rotation axis of the rotor disk, i.e. the y axis, respectively.
In the experiment, the force sensor 11 is arranged in the horizontal direction of the point B of the base 1 of the rotary machine, the horizontal component of the dynamic reaction force of the bearing seat can be measured in real time, and only the mass m of the weight 9 is required1，m2，m3And weight 9 mounting position (x)1,z1)，(x2,z2)，(x3,z3) If the above relation is satisfied, the measured value of the force sensor 11 is 0, i.e. the rotor disc of the rotating machine is in dynamic balance. It should be noted that the answer to this experiment may not be unique.
Similarly, when the rotor disc 8 has eccentric mass, the installation position and mass of the weight 9 on the rotor disc 8 can be adjusted according to the dynamic balance principle by designing an experimental scheme, so that the rotor disc reaches a balanced state as much as possible, namely the dynamic reaction force of the bearing seat is 0.
4) Dynamic balance experiment of single rotor disc of rotating machinery: a rotor disk 8 is arranged on a rotor disk rotating shaft 5, and when the rotor disk is in initial dynamic balance, a mass m is arranged at any scale position on the disk0According to the dynamic balance principle, the weight 9 is adjusted on the rotor disc 8 through the design experiment scheme, the mounting position and the weight mass of the weight 9 are adjusted, so that the rotor disc reaches a balance state as far as possible, namely the dynamic counter force of the bearing seat is close to 0. Similarly, when the rotor disc 8 has eccentric mass, the mounting position and the mass of the weight 9 on the rotor disc 8 can be adjusted according to the dynamic balance principle and the design experiment scheme, so that the rotor disc reaches a balance state as much as possible, namely, the bearing seat is in dynamic reactionThe force is close to 0.
5) Measurement experiment of rotating speed, angular velocity and angular acceleration of rotating machinery: as shown in fig. 1, the rotation speed, the angular velocity and the angular acceleration of the rotary machine can be measured by connecting the photoelectric rotary encoder 3 to a rotary machine control and signal acquisition device.
6) Rotor disc rotating shaft vibration amplitude measurement experiment: as shown in fig. 3, an eddy current displacement sensor 17 is mounted on the displacement sensor support 16, and the eddy current displacement sensor 17 is connected to a rotating machine control and signal collector to measure the vibration amplitude of the rotating shaft of the rotating machine.
7) Rotor disc rotating shaft axis locus experiment: as shown in fig. 3, an eddy current displacement sensor 17 is mounted on the displacement sensor support 16 in two directions perpendicular to each other, and the eddy current displacement sensor 17 is connected to the rotary machine control and signal acquisition unit to measure the axial locus of the rotor disk rotating shaft.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a rotating machinery dynamic mechanics volume measurement experimental apparatus which characterized in that: the device comprises a rotating machinery base (1), a double-shaft motor (2) is fixed on the rotating machinery base (1), one shaft of the double-shaft motor (2) is connected with a photoelectric rotary encoder (3) for controlling the rotating speed of the double-shaft motor (2), the other shaft of the double-shaft motor (2) is connected with a rotor disc rotating shaft (5) through a flexible coupling (4), one end of the rotor disc rotating shaft (5) is fixed through a ball bearing (6) arranged on the rotating machinery base (1), the other end of the rotor disc rotating shaft is fixed through a movable bearing (7) arranged on the rotating machinery base (1), and the ball bearing (6) is close to the double-shaft motor (2); the rotor discs (8) are fixedly connected to the rotor disc rotating shaft (5) through screws (10), the positions of the rotor discs (8) can be freely adjusted, and screw holes capable of mounting weights (9) are uniformly formed in the rotor discs (8); a force sensor (11) is installed on the left side of the movable bearing (7) and connected to a fixed support (13) through a left bolt (12), a fixed block (14) is installed on the right side of the movable bearing (7) and connected to the fixed support (13) through a right bolt (15), the fixed support (13) is fixedly installed on the rotary mechanical base (1), and the movable bearing (7) is aligned to the ball bearing (6) through the adjustment positions of the left bolt (12) and the right bolt (15); when the axis locus and the amplitude of the rotor disc rotating shaft (5) need to be measured, a displacement sensor support (16) is fixed on the rotating machinery base (1), and one or two eddy current sensors (17) are vertically arranged on the displacement sensor support (16).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920852211.6U CN210037199U (en) | 2019-06-06 | 2019-06-06 | Rotating machinery dynamic mechanical quantity measurement experimental device |
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| CN110146280A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-08-20 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of rotating machinery dynamic mechanical measurement experimental provision and experimental method |
| CN110146280B (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2024-03-12 | 西安交通大学 | Experimental device and experimental method for measuring dynamic mechanical quantity of rotary machine |
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