CN210033549U - Zero-output coupled water heat storage peak regulation heat supply system of low-pressure cylinder - Google Patents
Zero-output coupled water heat storage peak regulation heat supply system of low-pressure cylinder Download PDFInfo
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- CN210033549U CN210033549U CN201920822175.9U CN201920822175U CN210033549U CN 210033549 U CN210033549 U CN 210033549U CN 201920822175 U CN201920822175 U CN 201920822175U CN 210033549 U CN210033549 U CN 210033549U
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Abstract
The application discloses zero coupling water heat accumulation peak regulation heating system that exerts oneself of low pressure jar, zero coupling water heat accumulation peak regulation heating system that exerts oneself of low pressure jar includes: the system comprises a steam turbine set, a heat exchanger, a heat storage water tank, a water supply interface, a water return interface and a switching waterway; the steam turbine set can be selectively communicated with the first path of the heat exchanger, the heat storage water tank, the second path of the heat exchanger, the water supply interface and the water return interface are connected through the switching water path, so that the heat storage water tank, the second path of the heat exchanger, the water supply interface and the water return interface can be selectively communicated, and the switching water path is provided with a water pump. The method can store the redundant heat in the non-peak-shaving and non-peak-shaving time period, and can keep the steam turbine set in a low-load state by utilizing the stored heat at the peak shaving moment, thereby not only ensuring the heat supply requirement, but also realizing the deep peak shaving.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of electric power peak shaving, and particularly relates to a zero-output coupling water heat storage peak shaving heating system for a low-pressure cylinder.
Background
In recent years, renewable energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaic in China are rapidly developed, and the consumption of the renewable energy sources in China is gradually increased. In the heating seasons of the northeast, the northwest and the like, the problems of difficult renewable energy consumption and difficult peak shaving of a power grid caused by the surplus of electric power capacity are very prominent. The reasons for the above problems mainly include: firstly, the economic growth speed in the northeast and northwest areas is slow, and the electricity consumption is also relatively slow to grow; secondly, the wind and light resources in northeast and northwest areas are good, and the installed capacity of renewable energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaic is increased quickly; thirdly, most thermal power generating units in the northeast and northwest regions are combined heat and power generating units, the heat and power generating units need to undertake the heat supply task in the heating season, and the combined heat and power generating units are fixed by heat, so that the combined heat and power generating units need to operate at a high load rate to ensure heat supply. The three factors make peak regulation difficult in heating seasons in northeast and northwest areas, and the wind abandoning rate and the light abandoning rate are high.
In 2016, in order to accelerate energy technology innovation, excavate the peak regulation potential of coal-fired units, promote the thermal power operation flexibility of China, comprehensively improve the system peak regulation and new energy consumption capability, the national energy agency determines two batches of 22 thermal power flexibility modification test point projects, and opens up the large screen of thermal power flexibility modification. In 2016 to 2018, power-assisted market operation rules are issued successively in northeast (including the three east provinces and the Mongolian province), Xinjiang, Shandong, Gansu, Ningxia, Jiangsu and the like, a new power-assisted service compensation mechanism is established, and the enthusiasm of peak shaving of a thermal power plant is increased.
In the related art, in order to adjust the power ratio of heating and power generation of the thermal power generator unit, a low-pressure cylinder zero-output technology is generally adopted, and the low-pressure cylinder zero-output technology is a technology that under the condition of high vacuum of a low-pressure cylinder, an original steam inlet pipeline of the low-pressure cylinder is cut off by adopting a completely sealed hydraulic butterfly valve, so that zero output of the low-pressure cylinder is realized, and steam is used for supplying heat, thereby improving the heat supply capacity. However, the low-pressure cylinder zero-output technology is only suitable for units with small heat supply hanging net area, and the peak regulation capacity is still insufficient for units with large heat supply hanging net area. Taking a certain 350MW unit of the northeast electric company of China as an example, after low-voltage cylinder zero-output transformation is performed, the minimum generating power of the unit is 47.1MW, but in the period of maximum heat supply load, in order to ensure heat supply, the minimum generating power of the unit cannot be lower than 128.0 MW. To ensure a certain margin, the unit is kept operating at 38% of rated load. Therefore, the unit theoretically has space for deep peak shaving. Meanwhile, after the operation is switched to the cylinder switching mode, all the steam discharged by the pressure cylinder in the unit enters the initial station heater to supply heat, at the moment, the unit can only change the heat supply power by changing the steam inlet quantity of the steam turbine, and the operation is not flexible.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application is directed to solving at least one of the problems in the prior art.
According to this application embodiment's zero output coupling water heat accumulation peak regulation heating system of low pressure jar includes: the system comprises a steam turbine set, a heat exchanger, a heat storage water tank, a water supply interface, a water return interface and a switching waterway; the steam turbine set is selectively communicated with the first path of the heat exchanger, the heat storage water tank, the second path of the heat exchanger, the water supply interface and the water return interface are connected through the switching water path, so that the heat storage water tank, the second path of the heat exchanger, the water supply interface and the water return interface are selectively communicated, and the switching water path is provided with a water pump; the low-pressure cylinder zero-output coupling water heat storage peak-shaving heat supply system is provided with a first working mode and a second working mode, in the first working mode, the steam turbine set is switched into the low-pressure cylinder zero-output working mode, the water pump is started, the switching waterway is configured to enable the water return interface and the cold water port of the heat storage water tank to supply water to the second path of the heat exchanger, and the second path of the heat exchanger supplies water to the water supply interface and the hot water port of the heat storage water tank; in a second working mode, the steam turbine set is switched into a low-pressure cylinder zero-output working mode, the water pump is started, the switching water path is configured to enable the water return interface to supply water to the cold water port of the heat storage water tank and the second path of the heat exchanger, the hot water port of the heat storage water tank supplies water to the second path of the heat exchanger and one of the water supply interfaces, and the second path of the heat exchanger supplies water to the water supply interface.
The low-pressure cylinder zero-output coupling water heat accumulation peak-shaving heating system can store redundant heat in a non-peak-shaving non-peak period, and can enable a steam turbine unit to be kept in a low-load state by utilizing the stored heat at the peak shaving moment, so that the heating requirement can be guaranteed, and the deep peak shaving of the steam turbine unit can be realized.
According to an embodiment of the application, the low-pressure cylinder zero-output coupling water heat storage peak regulation heating system further comprises a first temperature detection device for detecting the second path of water temperature of the heat exchanger, and in a first working mode, if the first temperature detection device detects that the water temperature is greater than the first target temperature of the heat storage water tank, the switching water path is further configured to enable the water return interface to supply water to the hot water port of the heat storage water tank.
According to an embodiment of the application, the low-pressure cylinder zero-output coupling water heat storage peak shaving heating system further comprises a second temperature detection device for detecting the hot water temperature of the heat storage water tank, and in the second working mode, if the second temperature detection device detects that the hot water temperature of the heat storage water tank reaches a second target temperature, the switching water path is configured to enable the hot water port of the heat storage water tank to supply water to the water supply interface, otherwise, the switching water path is configured to enable the hot water port of the heat storage water tank to supply water to the inlet of the second path of the heat exchanger.
According to this application zero output coupling water heat accumulation peak regulation heating system of an embodiment, still has the third mode of operation, in the third mode of operation, the intermediate pressure jar and the low pressure jar intercommunication of turboset, just the intermediate pressure jar with the first way intercommunication of heat exchanger.
According to the low-pressure cylinder zero-output coupling water heat accumulation peak-shaving heating system, a medium-low pressure control valve is arranged between a medium-pressure cylinder and the low-pressure cylinder, the medium-pressure cylinder is connected with a first path of a heat exchanger through a steam extraction pipeline, the steam extraction pipeline is provided with a steam extraction control valve, the low-pressure cylinder is further connected with a cooling steam pipeline, and the cooling steam pipeline is provided with a cooling steam valve; when the low-pressure cylinder works in a zero-output working mode, the medium-low pressure control valve is closed, the steam extraction control valve is opened, and the cooling steam valve is opened; in a third working mode, the medium and low pressure control valve is opened, the cooling steam valve is closed, and the steam extraction control valve can be selectively opened.
According to the low-pressure cylinder zero-output coupling water heat accumulation peak-shaving heating system provided by one embodiment of the application, the steam extraction control valve is a flow regulating valve, and the opening degree of the steam extraction control valve is adjustable in a third working mode.
According to this application zero output coupling water heat accumulation peak regulation heating system of an embodiment, switch the water route and include: the first main pipe is connected between a cold water port of the heat storage water tank and a water inlet of the second path of the heat exchanger, and the water return interface is arranged on the first main pipe; the second main pipe is connected between a hot water port of the heat storage water tank and a water outlet of a second path of the heat exchanger, and the water supply interface is arranged on the second main pipe; a first inlet valve is arranged between the inlet of the water pump and the cold water port of the heat storage water tank, a second inlet valve is arranged between the inlet of the water pump and the hot water port of the heat storage water tank, a first outlet valve is arranged between the outlet of the water pump and the water return interface, and a second outlet valve is arranged between the outlet of the water pump and the water supply interface; wherein in a first mode of operation the first inlet valve and the first outlet valve are open, the second inlet valve and the second outlet valve are closed, and the second main pipe is in communication; in a second mode of operation, the first inlet valve and the first outlet valve are closed, the second inlet valve and the second outlet valve are open, and the first main pipe is in communication.
According to the zero-output coupling water heat accumulation peak regulation heating system of the low-pressure cylinder, the switching water path further comprises: an inlet branch pipe connected between the first main pipe and the second main pipe, the first inlet valve and the second inlet valve being both provided in the inlet branch pipe, an inlet of the water pump being connected to the inlet branch pipe, and an inlet of the water pump being connected between the first inlet valve and the second inlet valve; the outlet branch pipe is connected between the first main pipe and the second main pipe, the first outlet valve and the second outlet valve are arranged on the outlet branch pipe, the outlet of the water pump is connected with the outlet branch pipe, and the outlet of the water pump is connected between the first outlet valve and the second outlet valve; the inlet branch pipe is connected with the first main pipe and the second main pipe, the joint of the inlet branch pipe and the first main pipe is opposite to the joint of the outlet branch pipe and the first main pipe and the second main pipe, the joint of the outlet branch pipe and the first main pipe and the joint of the second main pipe are located on one side close to the heat storage water tank, and the joint of the outlet branch pipe and the first main pipe is located on one side close to the water return interface and the water supply interface and close to the heat storage water tank.
According to the zero-output coupling water heat accumulation peak regulation heating system of the low-pressure cylinder, the switching water path further comprises: the first main valve is arranged in the first main pipe and is positioned between the joint of the outlet branch pipe and the first main pipe and the water return interface; the second main pipe is arranged on the outlet branch pipe, and the second main pipe is connected with the outlet port of the outlet branch pipe; wherein in a first mode of operation, the first and second main valves are open; in a second operating mode, the first main valve is open and the second main valve is closed.
According to the zero-output coupling water heat accumulation peak regulation heating system of the low-pressure cylinder, the switching water path further comprises: the mixing pipeline is connected between the second main pipe and the inlet end of the second path of the heat exchanger, the joint of the mixing pipeline and the second main pipe is located between the joint of the outlet branch pipe and the second main valve, and the mixing pipeline is provided with a mixing valve.
According to the low-pressure cylinder zero-output coupling water heat storage peak-shaving heating system provided by one embodiment of the application, the first main pipe is provided with a first water return valve, and the first water return valve is connected between the joint of the inlet branch pipe and the first main pipe and the joint of the outlet branch pipe and the first main pipe; the second main pipe is provided with a second water return valve, and the second water return valve is connected between the joint of the inlet branch pipe and the second main pipe and the joint of the outlet branch pipe and the second main pipe; in a first working mode, the first water return valve is closed, and the second water return valve is opened; in a second working mode, the first water return valve is opened, and the second water return valve is closed.
Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the present application.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-pressure cylinder zero-output coupled water thermal storage peak-shaving heating system according to an embodiment of the application.
Reference numerals:
the system comprises an intermediate pressure cylinder 1, a low pressure cylinder 2, a heat exchanger 3, a heat storage water tank 4, a heat supply network circulating pump 5, a water pump 6, an intermediate and low pressure cylinder communicating pipeline 7, an intermediate and low pressure control valve 8, a steam extraction pipeline 9, a steam extraction control valve 10, a cooling steam pipeline 11, a cooling steam valve 12, a cooling steam flow meter 13, a first main valve 14, a first inlet valve 15, a first outlet valve 16, a first return valve 17, a second main valve 18, a second inlet valve 19, a second outlet valve 20, a second return valve 21, a heat exchanger inlet valve 22, a heat exchanger outlet valve 23, a mixing pipeline 24, a mixing valve 25, a first main pipe 31, a second main pipe 32, a return water interface 33, a water supply interface 34, an inlet branch pipe 35, an outlet branch pipe 36, a condenser 37 and a.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present application, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The low-pressure cylinder zero-output coupled water thermal storage peak shaving heating system according to the embodiment of the application is described below with reference to fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 1, the low-pressure cylinder zero-output coupled water thermal storage peak-shaving heating system according to one embodiment of the present application includes: the system comprises a steam turbine set, a heat exchanger 3, a heat storage water tank 4, a water supply interface 34, a water return interface 33 and a switching water path 40.
Wherein, the turbo generator set can be the turbo generator set of thermal power factory, and turbo generator set can include high pressure cylinder, intermediate pressure cylinder 1 and low pressure jar 2, and the high temperature steam of boiler production is received to the high pressure jar, and the export of high pressure cylinder links to each other with the import of intermediate pressure cylinder 1, and the export of intermediate pressure cylinder 1 links to each other with the import of low pressure cylinder 2.
The heat-storage water tank 4 may include a single-tank thermocline heat-storage water tank in which hot and cold water can be stored simultaneously. The principle is as follows: the water temperature is different, the density of water is also different, in a large enough container, the cold water and the hot water with different densities are naturally layered due to gravity, the hot water is under the upper cold water, and a temperature transition layer of about 1m is formed in the middle. Since the single-tank thermocline heat storage water tank can store hot water and cold water at the same time, it is lower in cost and space-saving compared with multi-tank and multi-tank heat storage devices. The water tank can be a tank body, a tank body and a tank body.
The heat exchanger 3 can be a heater of a heat supply network, the heat exchanger 3 can comprise a first path and a second path, the first path can be connected with the steam turbine set, in actual execution, an inlet end of the first path of the heat exchanger 3 is connected with an outlet of the intermediate pressure cylinder 1, an outlet end of the first path of the heat exchanger 3 is connected with the condenser 37, when the inlet end of the first path of the heat exchanger 3 is communicated with the outlet of the intermediate pressure cylinder 1, high-temperature steam of the intermediate pressure cylinder 1 enters the first path of the heat exchanger 3 to heat a medium of the second path of the heat exchanger 3, and the second path of the heat exchanger 3 can be connected with the heat storage water tank 4 and the heat supply network to supply hot water to the heat storage water tank 4.
The steam turbine set is optionally in communication with the first path of the heat exchanger 3, and when the steam turbine set supplies high temperature steam to the first path of the heat exchanger 3, the medium of the first path of the heat exchanger 3 is heated for supplying hot water to the heat network or the hot water storage tank 4. The steam turbine set has a low-pressure cylinder zero-output working mode, and in the low-pressure cylinder zero-output working mode, all steam discharged from the intermediate pressure cylinder 1 enters the first path of the heat exchanger 3 so as to reduce the generated energy and transfer the heat of the boiler to the heat storage water tank 4 and the heat supply network through the heat exchanger 3 as far as possible.
Switch water route 40 can include a plurality of pipelines that link to each other, establish water pump 6 and a plurality of valve at the pipeline, water pump 6 is the booster pump, water pump 6 is used for promoting the water pressure of switching water route 40, it can also be equipped with water supply interface 34 to switch water route 40, return water interface 33 is used for linking to each other with the heating return water pipe of heat supply network, water supply interface 34 is used for linking to each other with the heating delivery pipe of heat supply network, on off state through adjusting each valve of switching water route 40, can realize heat exchanger 3, heat accumulation water pitcher 4, water supply interface 34, different water route flow directions of different connection relations and differences between return water interface 33.
The heat storage water tank 4, the second path of the heat exchanger 3, the water supply interface 34 and the water return interface 33 are connected through a switching waterway 40, so that the heat storage water tank 4, the second path of the heat exchanger 3, the water supply interface 34 and the water return interface 33 can be selectively communicated.
The low-pressure cylinder zero-output coupled water heat accumulation peak-shaving heating system with the switching waterway 40 in the form described above has a first and a second operation modes.
In the first operation mode, the turboset is switched to the low-pressure cylinder zero-output operation mode, the water pump 6 is turned on, and the switching water path 40 is configured such that the water return interface 33 and the cold water port (lower port) of the heat storage water tank 4 supply water to the second path of the heat exchanger 3, and the second path of the heat exchanger 3 supplies water to the water supply interface 34 and the hot water port (upper port) of the heat storage water tank 4.
It will be appreciated that the first mode of operation is intended for use during off-peak periods of non-peak shaving and the steam turbine load rate is increased, in which case the power of the boiler needs to be increased without the amount of power generated being changed, and more heat will be produced.
In the related art, during the non-peak-shaving and non-peak-shaving period, if the heat supply network cannot absorb a large amount of generated heat, energy is wasted.
In the embodiment of this application, can make the turboset keep the zero mode operation of exerting oneself of low pressure jar, the turboset steam extraction volume is higher than the required steam extraction volume of heat supply this moment, and unnecessary steam extraction and heat supply return water mix the back and get into heat accumulation water pitcher 4, and the flow direction in water route is: the return water of the return water connector 33 flows to the inlet end of the second path of the heat exchanger 3, and the cold water of the heat storage water tank 4 flows to the inlet end of the second path of the heat exchanger 3; the outlet hot water of the second path of the heat exchanger 3 flows to the water supply interface 34 to supply heat through the heat supply network, and the outlet hot water of the second path of the heat exchanger 3 flows to the hot water port of the heat storage water tank 4 to store heat through the heat storage water tank 4.
Therefore, in the non-peak-shaving and non-peak time period, the steam turbine set can keep high-load operation, the power generation requirement can be met only by the high and medium pressure cylinders 1 doing work in the time period, one part of the heat of the steam exhausted by the medium pressure cylinders 1 heats the return water of the heat supply network to supply heat, and the other part heats the cold water in the heat storage water tank 4 to return the cold water to the heat storage water tank 4 for storage.
In some embodiments, the low-pressure-cylinder zero-output-coupled water thermal storage peak shaving heating system of the present application further includes a first temperature detection device for detecting a second outlet water temperature of the heat exchanger 3, and in the first operation mode, if the first temperature detection device detects that the outlet water temperature is greater than a first target temperature of the thermal storage water tank 4, the switching water circuit 40 is further configured to enable the water return interface 33 to supply water to the hot water port of the thermal storage water tank 4. The first target temperature may be the rated pressure water vaporization temperature of the thermal storage water tank 4, so that part of the heating hot return water and the outlet hot water of the second path of the heat exchanger 3 may be mixed into hot water lower than the rated pressure water vaporization temperature of the thermal storage water tank 4 to flow into the hot end of the thermal storage water tank 4 for storage.
In the second working mode, the turboset is switched to the low-pressure cylinder zero-output working mode, the water pump 6 is started, the switching water channel 40 is configured to enable the water return interface 33 to supply water to the cold water port of the heat storage water tank 4 and the second path of the heat exchanger 3, the hot water port of the heat storage water tank 4 supplies water to one of the second path of the heat exchanger 3 and the water supply interface 34, and the second path of the heat exchanger 3 supplies water to the water supply interface 34.
It will be appreciated that the second mode of operation is intended for use during peak shaving periods, and the steam turbine load factor is increased, in which case the power of the boiler needs to be increased without the amount of power generated being altered, and more heat will be produced.
In the related art, in the peak shaving period, because wind power and photoelectricity are more, if only power requirements are considered, the steam turbine set basically keeps low-load operation, but in order to ensure the lowest heat supply requirement, the actual load of the steam turbine set is far larger than the low load, so that power waste is caused.
In the embodiment of the application, in the peak regulation period, the steam turbine set is enabled to keep the operation of the low-pressure cylinder zero-output working mode, the steam turbine set can keep the low-load operation, part of steam can still be discharged to supply heat, and the insufficient part can be complemented by hot water in the heat storage water tank 4, so that less-heat-generation power can be realized, and the wind power or the photoelectric power can be used for more heat stored in the first working mode.
In some embodiments, the low-pressure-cylinder zero-output-coupled water thermal storage peak shaving heating system of the present application further includes a second temperature detection device for detecting a hot water temperature of the thermal storage water tank 4, and in the second operation mode, if the second temperature detection device detects that the hot water temperature of the thermal storage water tank 4 reaches a second target temperature, the switching water path 40 is configured to enable the hot water port of the thermal storage water tank 4 to supply water to the water supply interface 34, and conversely, the switching water path 40 is configured to enable the hot water port of the thermal storage water tank 4 to supply water to the inlet of the second path of the heat exchanger 3. It can be understood that the second target temperature may be a standard temperature for heat supply, and if the hot water temperature of the heat storage water tank 4 is too low, the heat supply requirement may not be met, at this time, the hot water of the heat storage water tank 4 needs to be introduced into the second path of the heat exchanger 3, and then heat is supplied after heating, and if the hot water temperature of the heat storage water tank 4 meets the heat supply requirement, the hot water may directly flow into the heat supply network.
The low-pressure cylinder zero-output coupling water heat accumulation peak-shaving heating system provided by the embodiment of the application can store redundant heat in the non-peak-shaving non-peak period, and can keep a steam turbine unit in a low-load state by utilizing the stored heat at the peak shaving moment, so that the heating requirement can be ensured, and the deep peak shaving of the steam turbine unit can be realized.
In some embodiments of the present application, the low-pressure cylinder zero-output coupled water thermal storage peak shaving heating system further has a third mode of operation.
In the third working mode, the intermediate pressure cylinder 1 of the steam turbine set is communicated with the low pressure cylinder 2, and the intermediate pressure cylinder 1 is communicated with the first path of the heat exchanger 3.
It will be appreciated that the third mode of operation is intended for use during peak periods where the load rate of the steam turbine is at a maximum and the steam turbine is operating normally (low cylinder 2 output), the system does not affect the power generation capability of the steam turbine during the peak periods.
In actual implementation, as shown in fig. 1, a medium-low pressure control valve 8 is arranged between the intermediate pressure cylinder 1 and the low pressure cylinder 2, the intermediate pressure cylinder 1 is connected with the first path of the heat exchanger 3 through a steam extraction pipeline 9, the steam extraction pipeline 9 is provided with a steam extraction control valve 10, the low pressure cylinder 2 is further connected with a cooling steam pipeline 11, and the cooling steam pipeline 11 is provided with a cooling steam valve 12 and a cooling steam flow meter 13.
When the low-pressure cylinder works in a zero-output working mode, the medium-low pressure control valve 8 is closed, the steam extraction control valve 10 is opened, the cooling steam valve 12 is opened, all the steam discharged by the medium-pressure cylinder 1 enters the first path of the heat exchanger 3 at the moment, and a small amount of steam is introduced into the low-pressure cylinder 2 through the cooling steam pipeline 11.
In the third working mode, the medium pressure control valve 8 is opened, the cooling steam valve 12 is closed, and the steam extraction control valve 10 can be selectively opened, at least a part of the steam discharged by the medium pressure cylinder 1 enters the low pressure cylinder 2, and the low pressure cylinder 2 exerts the force. Of course, the steam extraction control valve 10 may be a flow regulating valve, and in the third operation mode, the opening degree of the steam extraction control valve 10 may be adjustable.
In this way, during the peak period, in the case of ensuring heat supply, as much power as possible is generated by adjusting the opening degree of the extraction control valve 10 (as small as possible), the cooling steam line 11 valve is closed, and the medium-low pressure control valve 8 and the extraction control valve 10 are opened. The extraction is regulated by the extraction control valve 10 to meet the heat demand during peak periods.
Some structural forms of the switching waterway 40 are described below.
As shown in fig. 1, the switching water path 40 includes: a first main pipe 31, a second main pipe 32. The first main pipe 31 is connected between a cold water port of the heat storage water tank 4 and a water inlet of the second path of the heat exchanger 3, and the water return interface 33 is arranged on the first main pipe 31. The second main pipe 32 is connected between the hot water port of the hot water storage tank 4 and the water outlet of the second path of the heat exchanger 3, and the water supply interface 34 is provided in the second main pipe 32.
A first inlet valve 15 is arranged between the inlet of the water pump 6 and the cold water port of the heat storage water tank 4, a second inlet valve 19 is arranged between the inlet of the water pump 6 and the hot water port of the heat storage water tank 4, a first outlet valve 16 is arranged between the outlet of the water pump 6 and the water return interface 33, and a second outlet valve 20 is arranged between the outlet of the water pump 6 and the water supply interface 34.
In the first operating mode, the first inlet valve 15 and the first outlet valve 16 are open, the second inlet valve 19 and the second outlet valve 20 are closed, and the second main pipe 32 is connected; in the second operating mode, the first inlet valve 15 and the first outlet valve 16 are closed, the second inlet valve 19 and the second outlet valve 20 are open and the first main pipe 31 is connected.
The first inlet valve 15 may be connected between the cold water end of the hot water storage tank 4 and the inlet of the water pump 6 through an independently provided branch, the second inlet valve 19 may be connected between the inlet of the water pump 6 and the hot water port of the hot water storage tank 4 through an independently provided branch, the first outlet valve 16 may be connected between the outlet of the water pump 6 and the return water port 33 through an independently provided branch, and the second outlet valve 20 may be connected between the outlet of the water pump 6 and the water supply port 34 through an independently provided branch.
Of course, the structure of the switching waterway 40 may also be simplified by designing the inlet branch pipe 35 and the outlet branch pipe 36.
As shown in fig. 1, the inlet branch pipe 35 is connected between the first main pipe 31 and the second main pipe 32, the first inlet valve 15 and the second inlet valve 19 are both provided in the inlet branch pipe 35, the inlet of the water pump 6 is connected to the inlet branch pipe 35, and the inlet of the water pump 6 is connected between the first inlet valve 15 and the second inlet valve 19; the outlet branch pipe 36 is connected between the first main pipe 31 and the second main pipe 32, the first outlet valve 16 and the second outlet valve 20 are both arranged on the outlet branch pipe 36, the outlet of the water pump 6 is connected with the outlet branch pipe 36, the outlet of the water pump 6 is connected between the first outlet valve 16 and the second outlet valve 20, a one-way valve can be further arranged between the outlet of the water pump 6 and the outlet branch pipe 36, and the one-way valve is communicated in one way from the water pump 6 to the outlet branch pipe 36.
The connection points of the inlet branch pipe 35 and the first and second main pipes 31, 32 are located on the side close to the hot water storage tank 4 with respect to the connection points of the outlet branch pipe 36 and the first and second main pipes 31, 32, and the connection points of the outlet branch pipe 36 and the first and second main pipes 31, 32 are located on the side close to the hot water storage tank 4 of the water return port 33 and the water supply port 34. Therefore, the length of the main pipe of the whole switching waterway 40 is short, and the communication relation among the pipelines is clear.
As shown in fig. 1, the first main pipe 31 is provided with a first water return valve 17, and the first water return valve 17 is connected between a connection of the inlet branch pipe 35 and the first main pipe 31 and a connection of the outlet branch pipe 36 and the first main pipe 31. A one-way valve may be further provided between the junction of the inlet branch pipe 35 and the first main pipe 31 and the junction of the outlet branch pipe 36 and the first main pipe 31, and the one-way valve is communicated with the hot water storage tank 4 from the water return port 33 in one way.
The second main pipe 32 is provided with a second water return valve 21, and the second water return valve 21 is connected between the junction of the inlet branch pipe 35 and the second main pipe 32 and the junction of the outlet branch pipe 36 and the second main pipe 32. A one-way valve may be further provided between the junction of the inlet branch pipe 35 and the second main pipe 32 and the junction of the outlet branch pipe 36 and the second main pipe 32, and the one-way valve is in one-way communication from the water supply interface 34 to the hot water storage tank 4.
In the first working mode, the first water return valve 17 is closed, and the second water return valve 21 is opened; in the second operation mode, the first water return valve 17 is opened and the second water return valve 21 is closed.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, switching waterway 40 further comprises: a first main valve 14, a second main valve 18. The first main valve 14 is arranged on the first main pipe 31 and is positioned between the joint of the outlet branch pipe 36 and the first main pipe 31 and the water return interface 33; the second main valve 18 is arranged on the second main pipe 32 and is positioned between the joint of the outlet branch pipe 36 and the second main pipe 32 and the water outlet interface; wherein, in the first mode of operation, first and second main valves 14, 18 are open; in a second mode of operation, first main valve 14 is open and second main valve 18 is closed; in the third mode of operation, first main valve 14 is closed and second main valve 18 is closed.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, switching waterway 40 further comprises: and the blending pipeline 24, the blending pipeline 24 is connected between the second main pipe 32 and the inlet end of the second path of the heat exchanger 3, the joint of the blending pipeline 24 and the second main pipe 32 is positioned between the joint of the outlet branch pipe 36 and the second main pipe 32 and the second main valve 18, and the blending pipeline 24 is provided with a blending valve 25. In the first working mode, if the first temperature detection device detects that the outlet water temperature is higher than the first target temperature of the thermal storage water tank 4, the mixing valve 25 is opened, so that the water return interface 33 supplies water to the hot water port of the thermal storage water tank 4. In the second working mode, if the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank 4 is too low, the mixing valve 25 is opened, and the hot water in the hot water storage tank 4 is introduced into the second path of the heat exchanger 3 and is heated and then supplies heat. The blending valve 25 may be a flow rate adjusting valve, and the blending ratio is adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the blending valve 25.
The working principle of the low-pressure cylinder zero-output coupling water heat accumulation peak-shaving heating system according to the embodiment of the present application is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1.
The low-pressure cylinder zero-output coupling water heat storage peak regulation heat supply system consists of equipment, system pipelines and valves, such as a medium-pressure cylinder 1, a low-pressure cylinder 2, a medium-low pressure cylinder communicating pipeline 7 and valves, a steam extraction pipeline 9 and valves, a cooling steam pipeline 11 and valves, a flowmeter, a heat supply network circulating pump 5, a heat exchanger 3 and valves, a heat storage water tank 4, a water pump 6 and corresponding valves, a mixing pipeline 24 and valves and the like.
In the non-peak-shaving and non-peak-shaving stage, the heat storage water tank 4 stores heat. Closing the medium-low pressure control valve 8, opening a cooling steam pipeline 11 valve to introduce a small amount of steam into the low pressure cylinder 2, and opening a steam extraction control valve 10. All the steam discharged from the intermediate pressure cylinder 1 enters the heat exchanger 3, and the heat discharged by the intermediate pressure cylinder 1 is larger than the heat supply amount. The water pump 6 is started and the first main valve 14, the second main valve 18, the first inlet valve 15, the first outlet valve 16, the heat exchanger inlet valve 22 and the heat exchanger outlet valve 23 are opened. The heating hot water backwater passes through the heat supply network circulating pump 5, is mixed with water flowing out of the cold end of the heat storage water tank 4, and flows into the heat exchanger 3 to be heated. The second water return valve 21 is opened. One part of the heated water is used for supplying heat, and the other part of the heated water flows back to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 4 for storing heat. If the temperature of the hot water exceeds the rated pressure water vaporization temperature of the heat storage water tank 4, the mixing valve 25 is opened, and a part of heating hot backwater and hot water at the outlet of the heat exchanger 3 are mixed into hot water with the rated pressure water vaporization temperature of the heat storage water tank 4 and the hot water flows into the hot end of the heat storage water tank 4 to be stored.
During the peak shaving period, the turboset keeps low output, and the heat storage water tank 4 releases heat at the moment. Closing the medium-low pressure control valve 8, opening a cooling steam pipeline 11 valve to introduce a small amount of steam into the low pressure cylinder 2, and opening a steam extraction control valve 10. All the steam discharged from the intermediate pressure cylinder 1 enters the heat exchanger 3, and the heat discharged by the intermediate pressure cylinder 1 is smaller than the heat supply amount. Starting the water pump 6, and opening the first main valve 14, the second inlet valve 19, the second outlet valve 20, the first water return valve 17, the heat exchanger inlet valve 22, the heat exchanger outlet valve 23 and the blending valve 25; one of the second main valve 18 and the blend valve 25 is opened if the hot water temperature of the hot water storage tank 4 is reached, and is opened when the temperature is sufficient and is opened when the temperature is insufficient. The hot water in the heat storage water tank 4 is pressurized by the water pump 6, the heating hot water returns water and flows into the cold end of the heat storage water tank 4 through the heat supply network circulating pump 5, and a part of the heating hot water flows into the first water return valve 17. The other part is mixed with the hot water in the heat storage water tank 4 pressurized by the water pump 6, flows into the heat exchanger 3, and is heated to supply heat.
During the peak period, under the condition of ensuring heat supply, the cooling steam pipeline 11 valve is closed, and the medium-low pressure control valve 8 and the steam extraction control valve 10 are opened by adjusting (opening as small as possible) to generate electricity as much as possible. The extraction is regulated by the extraction control valve 10 to meet the heat demand during peak periods.
To sum up, the zero-output coupling water heat storage peak regulation heating system of the low-pressure cylinder is used by combining a 2-zero-output technology of the low-pressure cylinder with a single-tank inclined temperature layer heat storage water tank.
The zero output technology of the low-pressure cylinder 2 is utilized to increase the heat supply capacity of the unit and reduce the output of the unit in the peak shaving period; the system can further reduce the on-line electric quantity of the unit in the peak regulation period, and realize deeper peak regulation; by utilizing the system, thermoelectric decoupling can be realized by adjusting heat accumulation/release flow, and the flexibility of the unit is improved; the heat stored in the single-tank inclined temperature layer heat storage water tank 4 comes from the non-peak regulation non-peak period intermediate pressure cylinder 1 to exhaust steam, and heat is supplemented in the peak regulation period, so that the power generation of the unit in the non-peak regulation period is not influenced.
The utility model provides a low pressure cylinder zero-output coupling water heat accumulation peak regulation heating system is through low pressure cylinder 2 zero-output technique, can reduce the unit generating power of unit in the heating period, increase the heating capacity of unit, through water heat accumulation peak regulation heating system, can keep the unit load unchangeable in a period, hold/release heat flow through changing heat accumulation water pitcher 4, just can match with the heat load, the flexibility of unit has greatly been promoted, the peak regulation degree of depth of unit has been increased simultaneously, moreover, the peak regulation electric quantity of turboset is big more, the peak regulation compensation that obtains is more, through this application, can show the economic benefits who improves the steam power plant.
A zero-output coupled water heat storage peak regulation heating system of a low-pressure cylinder comprises: the system comprises a steam turbine set, a heat exchanger 3, a heat storage water tank 4, a water supply interface 34, a water return interface 33 and a switching water path 40; a medium-low pressure control valve 8 is arranged between a medium pressure cylinder 1 and a low pressure cylinder 2 of the steam turbine set, the medium pressure cylinder 1 is connected with a first path of a heat exchanger 3 through a steam extraction pipeline 9, and the steam extraction pipeline 9 is provided with a steam extraction control valve 10; the heat storage water tank 4, the second path of the heat exchanger 3, the water supply interface 34 and the water return interface 33 are connected through a switching water path 40, so that the heat storage water tank 4, the second path of the heat exchanger 3, the water supply interface 34 and the water return interface 33 can be selectively communicated, and the switching water path 40 is provided with a water pump 6; the low-pressure cylinder zero-output coupling water heat storage peak-shaving heating system has a first working mode and a second working mode, in the first working mode, the medium-low pressure control valve 8 is closed, the steam extraction control valve 10 is opened, the water pump 6 is opened, and the switching water path 40 is configured to enable the water return interface 33 and the cold water port of the heat storage water tank 4 to supply water to the second path of the heat exchanger 3, and the second path of the heat exchanger 3 supplies water to the water supply interface 34 and the hot water port of the heat storage water tank 4; in the second operation mode, the medium/low pressure control valve 8 is closed, the steam extraction control valve 10 is opened, the water pump 6 is opened, and the switching water path 40 is configured to supply water to the cold water port of the heat storage water tank 4 and the second path of the heat exchanger 3 through the water return interface 33, supply water to one of the second path of the heat exchanger 3 and the water supply interface 34 through the hot water port of the heat storage water tank 4, and supply water to the water supply interface 34 through the second path of the heat exchanger 3.
A zero-output coupled water heat storage peak regulation heating system of a low-pressure cylinder comprises: the system comprises a steam turbine set, a heat exchanger 3, a heat storage water tank 4, a water supply interface 34, a water return interface 33 and a switching water path 40; a medium-low pressure control valve 8 is arranged between a medium pressure cylinder 1 and a low pressure cylinder 2 of the steam turbine set, the medium pressure cylinder 1 is connected with a first path of a heat exchanger 3 through a steam extraction pipeline 9, and the steam extraction pipeline 9 is provided with a steam extraction control valve 10; the heat storage water tank 4, the second path of the heat exchanger 3, the water supply interface 34 and the water return interface 33 are connected through a switching water path 40, so that the heat storage water tank 4, the second path of the heat exchanger 3, the water supply interface 34 and the water return interface 33 can be selectively communicated, and the switching water path 40 is provided with a water pump 6; the low-pressure cylinder zero-output coupling water heat storage peak regulation heat supply system has a low-pressure cylinder zero-output working mode, in the low-pressure cylinder zero-output working mode, the medium-low pressure control valve 8 is closed, the steam extraction control valve 10 is opened, the water pump 6 is opened, the low-pressure cylinder zero-output working mode comprises a first working mode and a second working mode, in the first working mode, the switching water channel 40 is configured to enable the water return interface 33 and a cold water port of the heat storage water tank 4 to supply water to a second channel of the heat exchanger 3, and the second channel of the heat exchanger 3 supplies water to the water supply interface 34 and a hot water port of the; in the second operation mode, the switching waterway 40 is configured such that the water return interface 33 supplies water to the cold water port of the heat storage water tank 4 and the second path of the heat exchanger 3, the hot water port of the heat storage water tank 4 supplies water to one of the second path of the heat exchanger 3 and the water supply interface 34, and the second path of the heat exchanger 3 supplies water to the water supply interface 34.
In the description herein, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (11)
1. The utility model provides a low pressure cylinder zero output coupling water heat accumulation peak regulation heating system which characterized in that includes: the system comprises a steam turbine set, a heat exchanger, a heat storage water tank, a water supply interface, a water return interface and a switching waterway;
the steam turbine set is selectively communicated with the first path of the heat exchanger, the heat storage water tank, the second path of the heat exchanger, the water supply interface and the water return interface are connected through the switching water path, so that the heat storage water tank, the second path of the heat exchanger, the water supply interface and the water return interface are selectively communicated, and the switching water path is provided with a water pump;
the zero-output coupled water heat accumulation peak regulation heating system of the low-pressure cylinder has a first working mode and a second working mode,
in a first working mode, the steam turbine set is switched into a low-pressure cylinder zero-output working mode, the water pump is started, the switching waterway is configured to enable the water return interface and a cold water port of the heat storage water tank to supply water to a second path of the heat exchanger, and the second path of the heat exchanger supplies water to the water supply interface and a hot water port of the heat storage water tank;
in a second working mode, the steam turbine set is switched into a low-pressure cylinder zero-output working mode, the water pump is started, the switching water path is configured to enable the water return interface to supply water to the cold water port of the heat storage water tank and the second path of the heat exchanger, the hot water port of the heat storage water tank supplies water to the second path of the heat exchanger and one of the water supply interfaces, and the second path of the heat exchanger supplies water to the water supply interface.
2. The low-pressure cylinder zero-output coupled water thermal storage peak shaving heating system according to claim 1, further comprising a first temperature detection device for detecting a second outlet water temperature of the heat exchanger, wherein in the first operation mode, if the first temperature detection device detects that the outlet water temperature is greater than a first target temperature of the thermal storage water tank, the switching water circuit is further configured to enable the water return interface to supply water to a hot water port of the thermal storage water tank.
3. The low-pressure cylinder zero-output coupled water thermal storage peak shaving heating system according to claim 1, further comprising a second temperature detection device for detecting the hot water temperature of the thermal storage water tank, wherein in the second operation mode, if the second temperature detection device detects that the hot water temperature of the thermal storage water tank reaches a second target temperature, the switching water path is configured to enable the hot water port of the thermal storage water tank to supply water to the water supply interface, and conversely, the switching water path is configured to enable the hot water port of the thermal storage water tank to supply water to the inlet of the second path of the heat exchanger.
4. The low-pressure cylinder zero-output coupled water thermal storage peak shaving heating system according to claim 1, further comprising a third mode of operation,
in a third working mode, an intermediate pressure cylinder of the steam turbine set is communicated with a low pressure cylinder, and the intermediate pressure cylinder is communicated with the first path of the heat exchanger.
5. The low-pressure cylinder zero-output coupled water heat storage and peak regulation heating system according to claim 4, wherein a medium-low pressure control valve is arranged between the intermediate-pressure cylinder and the low-pressure cylinder, the intermediate-pressure cylinder is connected with the first path of the heat exchanger through a steam extraction pipeline, the steam extraction pipeline is provided with a steam extraction control valve, the low-pressure cylinder is further connected with a cooling steam pipeline, and the cooling steam pipeline is provided with a cooling steam valve;
when the low-pressure cylinder works in a zero-output working mode, the medium-low pressure control valve is closed, the steam extraction control valve is opened, and the cooling steam valve is opened;
in a third working mode, the medium and low pressure control valve is opened, the cooling steam valve is closed, and the steam extraction control valve can be selectively opened.
6. The low-pressure cylinder zero-output coupled water thermal storage peak shaving heating system according to claim 5, wherein the extraction control valve is a flow regulating valve, and in the third operating mode, the opening degree of the extraction control valve is adjustable.
7. The low-pressure cylinder zero-output coupled water thermal storage peak shaving heating system according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the switched water circuit comprises:
the first main pipe is connected between a cold water port of the heat storage water tank and a water inlet of the second path of the heat exchanger, and the water return interface is arranged on the first main pipe;
the second main pipe is connected between a hot water port of the heat storage water tank and a water outlet of a second path of the heat exchanger, and the water supply interface is arranged on the second main pipe;
a first inlet valve is arranged between the inlet of the water pump and the cold water port of the heat storage water tank, a second inlet valve is arranged between the inlet of the water pump and the hot water port of the heat storage water tank, a first outlet valve is arranged between the outlet of the water pump and the water return interface, and a second outlet valve is arranged between the outlet of the water pump and the water supply interface; wherein
In a first mode of operation, the first inlet valve and the first outlet valve are open, the second inlet valve and the second outlet valve are closed, and the second main pipe is in communication; in a second mode of operation, the first inlet valve and the first outlet valve are closed, the second inlet valve and the second outlet valve are open, and the first main pipe is in communication.
8. The low-pressure cylinder zero-output coupled water thermal storage peak shaving heating system of claim 7, wherein the switching waterway further comprises:
an inlet branch pipe connected between the first main pipe and the second main pipe, the first inlet valve and the second inlet valve being both provided in the inlet branch pipe, an inlet of the water pump being connected to the inlet branch pipe, and an inlet of the water pump being connected between the first inlet valve and the second inlet valve;
the outlet branch pipe is connected between the first main pipe and the second main pipe, the first outlet valve and the second outlet valve are arranged on the outlet branch pipe, the outlet of the water pump is connected with the outlet branch pipe, and the outlet of the water pump is connected between the first outlet valve and the second outlet valve; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the inlet branch pipe is connected with the first main pipe and the second main pipe, the joint of the inlet branch pipe and the first main pipe is opposite to the joint of the outlet branch pipe and the first main pipe and the second main pipe, the joint of the outlet branch pipe and the first main pipe and the second main pipe is located on one side close to the heat storage water tank, and the joint of the outlet branch pipe and the first main pipe and the second main pipe is located on one side close to the water return interface and the water supply interface and close to the heat storage water tank.
9. The low-pressure cylinder zero-output coupled water thermal storage peak shaving heating system of claim 8, wherein the switched water circuit further comprises:
the first main valve is arranged in the first main pipe and is positioned between the joint of the outlet branch pipe and the first main pipe and the water return interface;
the second main pipe is arranged on the outlet branch pipe, and the second main pipe is connected with the outlet port of the outlet branch pipe; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
in a first mode of operation, the first and second main valves are open; in a second operating mode, the first main valve is open and the second main valve is closed.
10. The low-pressure cylinder zero-output coupled water thermal storage peak shaving heating system of claim 9, wherein the switching waterway further comprises:
the mixing pipeline is connected between the second main pipe and the inlet end of the second path of the heat exchanger, the joint of the mixing pipeline and the second main pipe is located between the joint of the outlet branch pipe and the second main valve, and the mixing pipeline is provided with a mixing valve.
11. The low-pressure cylinder zero-output coupled water thermal storage peak shaving heating system of claim 8,
the first main pipe is provided with a first water return valve, and the first water return valve is connected between the joint of the inlet branch pipe and the first main pipe and the joint of the outlet branch pipe and the first main pipe;
the second main pipe is provided with a second water return valve, and the second water return valve is connected between the joint of the inlet branch pipe and the second main pipe and the joint of the outlet branch pipe and the second main pipe; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
in a first working mode, the first water return valve is closed, and the second water return valve is opened; in a second working mode, the first water return valve is opened, and the second water return valve is closed.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111365748A (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2020-07-03 | 北京国电蓝天节能科技开发有限公司 | Heat supply method and heat supply system of cogeneration unit |
| CN112302747A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-02-02 | 国家电投集团科学技术研究院有限公司 | Cogeneration system and working method thereof |
| CN113048456A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-06-29 | 国网陕西省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Energy storage power generation and heat supply system and method for deep peak shaving |
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2019
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111365748A (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2020-07-03 | 北京国电蓝天节能科技开发有限公司 | Heat supply method and heat supply system of cogeneration unit |
| CN111365748B (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2021-06-15 | 国电龙源节能技术有限公司 | Heat supply method and heat supply system of cogeneration unit |
| CN112302747A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-02-02 | 国家电投集团科学技术研究院有限公司 | Cogeneration system and working method thereof |
| CN112302747B (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2023-03-14 | 国家电投集团科学技术研究院有限公司 | Cogeneration system and working method thereof |
| CN113048456A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-06-29 | 国网陕西省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Energy storage power generation and heat supply system and method for deep peak shaving |
| CN113048456B (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2022-08-19 | 国网陕西省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Energy storage power generation and heat supply system and method for deep peak shaving |
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