CN210030059U - Device for preparing dilute nitric acid from normal-temperature nitrogen oxide waste gas - Google Patents
Device for preparing dilute nitric acid from normal-temperature nitrogen oxide waste gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN210030059U CN210030059U CN201920493981.6U CN201920493981U CN210030059U CN 210030059 U CN210030059 U CN 210030059U CN 201920493981 U CN201920493981 U CN 201920493981U CN 210030059 U CN210030059 U CN 210030059U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a device for preparing dilute nitric acid from normal-temperature nitrogen oxide waste gas, which comprises an alkaline washing tower and O3Oxidation tower, nitric acid preparation tower, alkaline treatment liquid storage tank and O3A generator, a hydrogen peroxide storage tank; alkaline washing tower, O3The oxidation tower and the nitric acid preparation tower are communicated in sequence; a circulating liquid storage tank, a gas inlet, a filler, a spraying system, a demister and a gas outlet are arranged in the nitric acid preparation tower from bottom to top; the circulating liquid storage tank is communicated with the spraying system through a circulating water pipe. The device passes through3The arrangement of the oxidation tower improves the oxidation degree of the nitrogen oxide, thereby improving the reaction efficiency of the hydrogen peroxide and the nitrogen oxide in the nitric acid preparation tower and leading the hydrogen peroxide and the nitrogen oxide to beThe nitric acid can be efficiently prepared by reaction at normal temperature, so that the energy consumption and the risk brought by high temperature are reduced. Simultaneously, the filler is arranged in the nitric acid preparation tower, and the thin column protrusion with the spiral groove is arranged inside the filler, so that the reaction efficiency of hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide is improved, the reaction temperature is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the nitric acid preparation, especially, relate to a dilute nitric acid device of normal atmospheric temperature nitrogen oxide waste gas system.
Background
Nitric acid is a strong acid with strong oxidizing property, is an important chemical raw material, and can be industrially used for preparing chemical fertilizers, pesticides, explosives, dyes, salts and the like; meanwhile, nitric acid is also an important nitration reagent. Currently, nitric acid is mainly prepared industrially by an ammonia oxidation method, wherein ammonia is required to be oxidized into nitrogen oxide at high temperature and then prepared into nitric acid; the method needs to be carried out at high temperature, oxygen needs to be continuously introduced, and the consumed energy is large.
At present, the waste gas containing nitrogen-oxygen compounds is more, and when the waste gas is treated, sulfuric acid and sodium chlorite are generally used as oxidizing agents, NO is oxidized into NO in an oxidizing tower2(ii) a Then sodium hydroxide and sodium hydrosulfide are used as reducing agents to reduce NO in a reduction tower2Reduction to N2. The disadvantage of this process is that H is easily generated during the use of the S-containing reducing agent2S odor. And if the oxidizing agent and the reducing agent are improperly used in the using process, the problem caused after leakage is serious. Meanwhile, the product of the process is sulfate and carbonate wastewater, and wastewater treatment is needed.
Thus if the nitrogen oxide in the waste gas is used for the preparation of nitric acid; not only can avoid the consumption of huge energy in the conventional nitric acid preparation method, but also can purify nitrogen oxide in waste gas and avoid H2The generation of S odor and carbonate wastewater achieves multiple purposes. The current attempt to prepare nitric acid by using oxynitride in the waste gas needs to be carried out at high temperature, and the reaction efficiency is low. Therefore, the utility model aims to solve the problem that a device which has high reaction efficiency and can utilize the nitrogen oxide waste gas to prepare the dilute nitric acid at normal temperature is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to overcome the weak point of prior art, provide a device that reaction efficiency is high, can utilize nitrogen oxide waste gas to prepare rare nitric acid under normal atmospheric temperature.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that: the utility model provides a dilute nitric acid device of normal atmospheric temperature nitrogen oxide waste gas system which characterized in that: comprising an alkaline washing tower and O3Oxidation tower, nitric acid preparation tower, alkaline treatment liquid storage tank and O3A generator, a hydrogen peroxide storage tank; the alkaline washing tower and the tower are provided with a water inlet and a water outlet3The oxidation tower and the nitric acid preparation tower are communicated in sequence; the alkaline treatment liquid storage tank is communicated with an alkaline washing tower, and the O is3Generator and O3The oxidation tower is communicated, and the hydrogen peroxide storage tank is communicated with the nitric acid preparation tower; a circulating liquid storage tank, a gas inlet, a filler, a spraying system, a demister and a gas outlet are arranged in the nitric acid preparation tower from bottom to top; the circulating liquid storage tank is communicated with the spraying system through a circulating water pipe.
As a preferable scheme, the filler is composed of a plurality of filler units, and the filler units are provided with a plurality of fine column protrusions extending towards the interior of the filler units; the surface of the thin column protrusion is provided with a groove extending towards the inside of the thin column protrusion; the groove is spirally raised from the lower part of the thin column protrusion to the upper part of the thin column protrusion.
More preferably, the top surface of the thin column protrusion is arc-shaped.
As a preferable scheme, a circulating water pump is arranged on the circulating water pipe.
As a preferred scheme, the nitric acid preparation tower body is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic; the circulating water pipe is made of fluoroplastic materials.
Preferably, the alkaline treatment solution is a sodium hydroxide solution.
Preferably, the demister is a wire mesh demister.
The utility model has the advantages of: the device has high reaction efficiency and can utilize the nitrogen oxide waste gas to prepare the dilute nitric acid at normal temperature. The device passes through3The arrangement of the oxidation tower improves the oxidation degree of the nitrogen oxide, thereby improving the reaction efficiency of the hydrogen peroxide and the nitrogen oxide in the nitric acid preparation tower and leading the hydrogen peroxide and the nitrogen oxide to be mixedNitric oxide can be efficiently reacted at normal temperature (10-80 ℃) to prepare nitric acid, so that energy consumption and risks caused by high temperature are reduced. Simultaneously, the filler is arranged in the nitric acid preparation tower, and the thin column protrusion with the spiral groove is arranged inside the filler, so that the reaction efficiency of hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide is improved, the reaction temperature is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.
Drawings
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic front view of a packing unit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of a packing unit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a thin column protrusion according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1 is an alkaline washing tower and 2 is O3An oxidation tower, 3 is a nitric acid preparation tower, 31 is a circulating liquid storage tank, 32 is a gas inlet, 33 is a filler, 331 is a filler unit, 331a is a fine column protrusion, 331b is a sheet layer, 331c is a groove, 331d is a hollow part, 34 is a spraying system, 341 is a nozzle, 342 is a spraying pipe, 35 is a demister, 36 is a gas outlet, 4 is an alkaline treatment liquid storage tank, 5 is O3The generator, 6 is a hydrogen peroxide storage tank, 7 is a circulating water pipe, and 8 is a circulating water pump.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, which are given by way of illustration only, not limitation, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The structures, connections and methods not described in detail in the present application are all understood to be common general knowledge in the art. It should also be noted that the terms "front," "back," "left," "right," "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the drawings, and the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward and away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.
As shown in figures 1-4, a device for preparing dilute nitric acid from normal-temperature nitrogen oxide waste gas comprises an alkaline washing tower 1 and O3 An oxidation tower 2, a nitric acid preparation tower 3, an alkaline treatment liquid storage tank 4 and O3A generator 5 and a hydrogen peroxide storage tank 6; wherein the alkaline washing tower 1, O3The oxidation tower 2 and the nitric acid preparation tower 3 are communicated in sequence through pipelines. The alkaline washing tower 1 is mainly used for preprocessing, processing acid in waste gas and ensuring the purity of nitric acid at the back; o is3The oxidation tower 2 is mainly used for adjusting the oxidation degree of nitrogen oxides and improving the reaction efficiency of the nitric acid preparation tower 3 for preparing nitric acid; the nitric acid preparation tower 3 prepares a dilute nitric acid solution by the reaction of hydrogen peroxide and nitrogen oxide.
The nitric acid preparation tower 3 is made of corrosion-resistant glass fiber reinforced plastic, so that the service life can be prolonged; a circulating liquid storage tank 31, a gas inlet 32, a filler 33, a spraying system 34, a demister 35 and a gas outlet 36 are arranged in the nitric acid preparation tower 3 from bottom to top; wherein the spray system 34 includes a nozzle 341 and a spray tube 342; the circulating liquid storage tank 31 is communicated with the spray pipe 342 through a circulating water pipe 7, and a circulating water pump 8 is arranged on the circulating water pipe 7; the filler 33, the nozzle 341, the spray pipe 342 and the circulating water pipe 7 are all made of fluoroplastic materials, so that the service life is prolonged.
The packing 33 is comprised of a number of structured packing units 331. The filling unit 331 has a rectangular frame structure, and a plurality of sheets 331b having hollow portions 331d are disposed on the top, bottom and inside of the filling unit. A plurality of fine pillar protrusions 331a are provided on the lower surface of the sheet layer 331b on the top of the packing unit 331; a plurality of fine pillar protrusions 331a are provided on the upper surface of the sheet layer 331b at the bottom of the packing unit 331; a plurality of fine pillar protrusions 331a are provided on both the upper surface and the lower surface of the sheet layer 331b inside the packing unit 331; the surface of the pillar projection 331a is provided with a groove 331c extending toward the inside of the pillar projection 331 a; the indentation 331c spirals from the lower portion of the stud projection 331a to the upper portion of the stud projection 331a (i.e., the indentation 331c is spirally wound around the stud projection 331 a). In addition, the top surface 331a of the thin column projection is curved. The design of the packing unit 331 enables the packing 33 to have a high surface area and a high open volume, increases the reaction efficiency between hydrogen peroxide and nitrogen oxide, improves the production efficiency of dilute nitric acid, and saves energy and cost. In addition, the rectangular frame structure is more beneficial to the stacking of the packing unit 331, so that the packing 33 can not be nested or inclined, and the efficiency can not be reduced or short flow can not be generated.
In addition, the demister 36 is a wire mesh demister and is used for capturing fog drops with the particle size of more than or equal to 1 micron (the capture efficiency can reach 99 percent), capturing the fog drops and returning the fog drops to the nitric acid solution, and ensuring the efficiency and quality of exhaust.
The alkaline treatment liquid storage tank 4 is communicated with the alkaline washing tower 1 through a pipeline, and the alkaline treatment liquid is a sodium hydroxide solution; o is3The generator 5 is connected with the O through a pipeline3The oxidation tower 2 is communicated; the hydrogen peroxide storage tank 6 is communicated with a circulating liquid storage tank 31 in the nitric acid preparation tower 3 through a pipeline.
The working principle of the device is as follows:
(1) the nitrogen oxide waste gas is firstly pretreated by an alkaline washing tower 1 to treat acid in the waste gas and ensure the purity of the nitric acid at the back.
(2) Passing of nitrogen oxides exhaust gas through O3The oxidation tower 2 mainly has the following functions: o is3Can react with NO in the nitrogen oxide waste gas to generate NO2（NO+O3→NO2+O2) Thereby regulating the degree of oxidation of nitrogen oxides (ensuring NO)2NO is more than 1: 1), and the reaction efficiency of preparing nitric acid by the nitric acid preparing tower 3 is improved.
(3) After entering the nitric acid tower 3, the nitrogen oxide waste gas moves from bottom to top; circulating liquid containing hydrogen peroxide (content of hydrogen peroxide)>0.5%) is sprayed by the spraying system 34 (spraying density 98 m)3/m2H), the nozzle 341 atomizes the hydrogen peroxide and sprays it into the charge 33; hydrogen peroxide and nitrogen oxide are in countercurrent contact in the filler 33 to react; oxidation of NO by hydrogen peroxidexObtaining nitric acid:
NO+NO2+2H2O2→2HNO3+2H2O（1）
2NO2+H2O2→2HNO3（2）
due to passage of nitrogen oxides through O3The oxidation tower 2 improves the oxidation degree of the nitrogen oxide, so that the reaction efficiency of the hydrogen peroxide and the nitrogen oxide is improved, and the hydrogen peroxide and the nitrogen oxide are enabled to beThe compound can react at normal pressure and reaction temperature of 10-80 ℃ to prepare nitric acid. Meanwhile, although the reaction (2) has an opportunity to generate NO, the reaction (1) is continuously carried out, so that the NO is only generated in a small amount, the reaction (1) and the reaction (2) can be carried out rightwards, and the NO in the waste gas can be efficiently reactedx(NO,NO2) And finally obtaining the nitric acid solution.
The arrangement of the fine column protrusions 331a in the packing 33 is beneficial to increasing the surface area inside the packing 33, thereby increasing the contact area of hydrogen peroxide and nitrogen oxide; the spiral rising of the groove 331c can change the motion trajectory of the gas molecules of part of the nitrogen oxide waste gas (from straight rising to spiral rising or inclined rising), thereby increasing the probability of collision and contact between hydrogen peroxide molecules and nitrogen oxide molecules, increasing the reaction efficiency and reaction fullness between hydrogen peroxide and nitrogen oxide, reducing the temperature required by the reaction and the energy to be consumed, improving the production efficiency, and saving the energy and cost.
After the hydrogen peroxide and the nitrogen oxide waste gas react, the generated nitric acid falls down and enters a circulating liquid storage tank 31; then the circulating liquid containing hydrogen peroxide and nitric acid enters the spraying system 34 again through the circulating water pump 8 to be sprayed, the concentration of the nitric acid in the circulating liquid is continuously increased, the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is continuously decreased, and finally, a dilute nitric acid solution with the concentration of 0.5-10wt% is prepared and discharged; meanwhile, NO is generated after nitrogen oxide waste gas is reactedxIs substantially removed and is discharged after being removed of mist droplets by the mist eliminator 36.
In light of the foregoing, it is to be understood that various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a dilute nitric acid device of normal atmospheric temperature nitrogen oxide waste gas which characterized in that: comprising an alkaline washing tower and O3Oxidation tower, nitric acid preparation tower and alkaline treatmentLiquid storage tank, O3A generator, a hydrogen peroxide storage tank; the alkaline washing tower and the tower are provided with a water inlet and a water outlet3The oxidation tower and the nitric acid preparation tower are communicated in sequence; the alkaline treatment liquid storage tank is communicated with an alkaline washing tower, and the O is3Generator and O3The oxidation tower is communicated, and the hydrogen peroxide storage tank is communicated with the nitric acid preparation tower; a circulating liquid storage tank, a gas inlet, a filler, a spraying system, a demister and a gas outlet are arranged in the nitric acid preparation tower from bottom to top; the circulating liquid storage tank is communicated with the spraying system through a circulating water pipe.
2. The device for preparing the dilute nitric acid from the normal-temperature nitrogen oxide waste gas according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the filler is composed of a plurality of filler units, and the filler units are provided with a plurality of fine column bulges extending towards the interior of the filler units; the surface of the thin column protrusion is provided with a groove extending towards the inside of the thin column protrusion; the groove is spirally raised from the lower part of the thin column protrusion to the upper part of the thin column protrusion.
3. The device for preparing dilute nitric acid from normal-temperature nitrogen oxide waste gas according to claim 2, characterized in that: the top surface of the thin column protrusion is arc-shaped.
4. The device for preparing dilute nitric acid from normal-temperature nitrogen oxide waste gas according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that: and the circulating water pipe is provided with a circulating water pump.
5. The device for preparing dilute nitric acid from normal-temperature nitrogen oxide waste gas according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that: the nitric acid preparation tower body is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic; the circulating water pipe is made of fluoroplastic materials.
6. The device for preparing dilute nitric acid from normal-temperature nitrogen oxide waste gas according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that: the alkaline treatment solution is sodium hydroxide solution.
7. The device for preparing dilute nitric acid from normal-temperature nitrogen oxide waste gas according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that: the demister is a wire mesh demister.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920493981.6U CN210030059U (en) | 2019-04-12 | 2019-04-12 | Device for preparing dilute nitric acid from normal-temperature nitrogen oxide waste gas |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920493981.6U CN210030059U (en) | 2019-04-12 | 2019-04-12 | Device for preparing dilute nitric acid from normal-temperature nitrogen oxide waste gas |
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| CN210030059U true CN210030059U (en) | 2020-02-07 |
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| CN201920493981.6U Active CN210030059U (en) | 2019-04-12 | 2019-04-12 | Device for preparing dilute nitric acid from normal-temperature nitrogen oxide waste gas |
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