CN210026695U - Self-cleaning high-speed high-efficiency ink-jet piezoelectric nozzle - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a self-cleaning high-speed high-efficiency ink-jet piezoelectric nozzle, which comprises a nozzle, wherein the nozzle is provided with an ink-jet channel, the ink-jet channel comprises a communicating section and a nozzle section, an ink outlet of the communicating section is connected with an ink inlet of the nozzle section, the inner wall of the nozzle section is provided with a multi-level gradient micro-nano structure, the multi-level gradient micro-nano structure comprises a micron-scale structure and a nano-scale structure, the micron-scale structure is arranged on the surface of the inner wall of the nozzle section, and the nano-scale; according to the self-cleaning high-speed high-efficiency ink-jet piezoelectric nozzle, the inner wall surface of the ink-jet channel has good hydrophobicity, so that ink does not generate flow resistance and viscosity in the extrusion process of the piezoelectric nozzle, the self-cleaning effect of the inner wall structure of the nozzle is realized, the ink-jet performance of the piezoelectric nozzle is improved, and the maintenance frequency and the maintenance cost of the piezoelectric nozzle are reduced.

Description

Self-cleaning high-speed high-efficiency ink-jet piezoelectric nozzle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a high-speed high-efficient inkjet formula piezoelectric nozzle of automatically cleaning.

Background

The nozzle is a core component of the ink-jet printer, liquid drops with a certain speed are jetted from ink to a printing medium through the nozzle, the internal structure of the traditional nozzle is a common smooth surface, as shown in figure 1, the traditional nozzle has roughness with statistical significance and does not have a surface regular fine structure, the inner wall of the nozzle has high hydrophilicity, and a certain viscous friction force exists between the liquid drops to be jetted and the inner wall of the nozzle when the nozzle works, so that the speed and the precision of the jetted ink are low. And flexible blocking can be caused when the viscosity of the ink at the head part becomes high, so that the disconnection fault is caused, the integral performance of the printer is influenced, the ink is wasted during cleaning, and the cost is increased.

The above-mentioned problems are problems that should be considered and solved in the design and production process of the piezojet.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a speed and the precision that exist among the high-speed high-efficient inkjet formula piezo showerhead of automatically cleaning solves prior art are lower, can cause flexible jam when the ink viscosity grow of shower nozzle position moreover, lead to the broken string trouble to influence the wholeness ability of printer, will waste the ink when wasing, increase cost's problem.

The technical solution of the utility model is that:

the utility model provides a high-speed high-efficient inkjet formula piezojet of automatically cleaning, includes the nozzle, and the nozzle is equipped with the inkjet passageway, and the inkjet passageway includes intercommunication section and nozzle segment, and the ink outlet of intercommunication section links to each other with the ink inlet of nozzle segment, and the inner wall of nozzle segment is equipped with multistage gradient and receives the structure a little, and multistage gradient receives the structure a little and includes micron order structure and nanometer structure, and micron order structure locates on the inner wall surface of nozzle segment, and nanometer structure locates on the micron order structure.

Furthermore, the micron-scale structure comprises a plurality of micron-scale hydrophobic units, each micron-scale hydrophobic unit comprises a plurality of micron-scale mastoids, the micron-scale mastoids of each micron-scale hydrophobic unit are arranged on the inner wall of the nozzle section, and the micron-scale hydrophobic units are arranged on the surface of the inner wall of the nozzle section at equal intervals or at unequal intervals.

Further, the nano-scale structure comprises a plurality of nano-scale protruding structure clusters, and the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are arranged on the surface of the micro-scale mastoid.

Furthermore, the micron-sized mastoid adopts a micron-sized cuboid, a micron-sized cylinder, a micron-sized spherical cap or a micron-sized circular truncated cone, and the nano-sized protruding structure cluster adopts a nano-sized cuboid, a nano-sized cylinder, a nano-sized spherical cap or a nano-sized sphere.

Further, the communicating section is arranged coaxially with the nozzle section.

Further, the longitudinal section of the inner wall of the nozzle section is arc-shaped, and the diameter of the nozzle section is reduced along the ink jetting direction.

Further, the communicating section is a cylindrical communicating section, and the diameter of the communicating section is equal to the maximum diameter of the nozzle section.

Further, the micro-scale mastoid and nano-scale protruding structure cluster adopts any one of the following structures:

the structure I is as follows: the micron-sized mastoid adopts micron-sized cuboids, the width of each micron-sized cuboid is 1-100 mu m, the height of each micron-sized cuboid is 1-150 mu m, the distance between every two adjacent micron-sized cuboids is 1-120 mu m, and the micron-sized cuboids are regularly arranged on the surface of the inner wall of the nozzle section; the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are nano-scale cuboids, the width of each nano-scale cuboid is 1-200 nm, the height of each nano-scale cuboid is 1-300 nm, the distance between every two adjacent nano-scale cuboids is 1-240 nm, the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are arranged on the micron-scale mastoids or on gaps between every two adjacent micron-scale mastoids, and the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are arranged randomly;

the structure II is as follows: the micron-sized mastoid adopts micron-sized cylinders, the diameter of each micron-sized cylinder is 1-100 mu m, the height of each micron-sized cylinder is 1-150 mu m, the distance between every two adjacent micron-sized cylinders is 1-120 mu m, and the micron-sized cylinders are regularly arranged on the surface of the inner wall of the nozzle section; the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are nano-scale cuboids, the width of each nano-scale cuboid is 1-200 nm, the height of each nano-scale cuboid is 1-300 nm, the distance between every two adjacent nano-scale cuboids is 1-240 nm, the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are arranged on the micron-scale mastoids or on gaps between every two adjacent micron-scale mastoids, and the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are arranged randomly;

the structure is three: the micron-sized mastoid adopts a micron-sized circular truncated cone, the diameter of the micron-sized circular truncated cone is 1-100 mu m, the height of the micron-sized circular truncated cone is 1-150 mu m, the distance between every two adjacent micron-sized circular truncated cones is 1-120 mu m, and the micron-sized circular truncated cones are regularly arranged on the surface of the nozzle section; the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are nano-scale cuboids, the diameter of each nano-scale cuboid is 1-200 nm, the height of each nano-scale cuboid is 1-300 nm, the distance between every two adjacent nano-scale cuboids is 1-240 nm, the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are arranged on the micron-scale mastoids or on gaps between every two adjacent micron-scale mastoids, and the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are randomly arranged;

the structure is four: the micron-sized mastoid adopts a micron-sized spherical crown, the diameter of the micron-sized spherical crown is 1-100 mu m, the height of the micron-sized spherical crown is 1-150 mu m, the distance between adjacent micron-sized spherical crowns is 1-120 mu m, and the micron-sized spherical crowns are regularly arranged on the surface of the nozzle section; the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are nano-scale cylinders, the diameter of each nano-scale cylinder is 1-200 nm, the height of each nano-scale cylinder is 1-300 nm, the distance between every two adjacent nano-scale cylinders is 1-240 nm, the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are arranged on the micron-scale mastoids or on gaps between the adjacent micron-scale mastoids, and the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are randomly arranged;

the structure is five: the micron-sized mastoid adopts micron-sized cylinders, the diameter of each micron-sized cylinder is 1-100 mu m, the height of each micron-sized cylinder is 1-150 mu m, the distance between every two adjacent micron-sized cylinders is 1-120 mu m, and the micron-sized cylinders are regularly arranged on the surface of the nozzle section; the nano-scale protruding structure clusters adopt nano-scale spherical crowns, the diameter of each nano-scale protruding structure cluster is 1-200 nm, the height of each nano-scale protruding structure cluster is 1-100 nm, the distance between every two adjacent nano-scale protruding structure clusters is 1-240 nm, the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are arranged on the micro-scale mastoids or on gaps between the adjacent micro-scale mastoids, and the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are arranged randomly.

The utility model has the advantages that:

compared with the traditional nozzle, under the same pressure and nozzle aperture, the novel nozzle of the self-cleaning high-speed high-efficiency ink-jet type piezoelectric nozzle has a higher speed of ejecting liquid drops by arranging a multi-stage gradient micro-nano structure, so that the printing precision can be improved; and when the viscosity of the ink at the nozzle head part is increased, the ink can be smoothly sprayed, the failure rate of nozzle blockage is reduced, and the maintenance cost of nozzle cleaning and the like is saved.

Secondly, the inner wall surface of an ink-jet channel of the self-cleaning high-speed high-efficiency ink-jet piezoelectric nozzle is provided with a multi-level gradient micro-nano structure. The multi-level micro-nano fine structure is designed and manufactured based on a bionic principle, presents rough peaks and valleys which are randomly distributed in a macroscopic view, a large number of micron-level mastoids exist in the microscopic view, the micron-level mastoids also contain nano-level protruding structure clusters, the multi-level gradient micro-nano structure on the surface of the inner wall of an ink jet channel of the nozzle is a multi-level cross-scale fine structure, is similar to the micro structure on the surface of a lotus leaf, and has good surface hydrophobicity, so that ink does not generate flow resistance and viscosity in the extrusion process of a piezoelectric nozzle, the self-cleaning effect of the inner wall structure of the nozzle is realized, the ink jet performance of the piezoelectric nozzle is improved, and the maintenance frequency and the.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional piezojet;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-cleaning high-speed high-efficiency inkjet piezoelectric nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional three-dimensional schematic view of a nozzle segment in an embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a nozzle segment in an embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the inner wall surface of the nozzle using a micro-scale cuboid or a nano-scale cuboid;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the inner wall surface of the nozzle using a micron-sized cylinder and a nano-sized rectangular parallelepiped;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the inner wall surface of the nozzle using a micro-scale round table and a nano-scale rectangular parallelepiped;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the inner wall surface of the nozzle using a micro-spherical cap and a nano-cylinder;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the inner wall surface of the nozzle using micro-scale cylinders and nano-scale spherical caps;

wherein: 1-communicating section, 2-nozzle section, 3-micron mastoid, 4-nano-scale protruding structure cluster, 5-traditional nozzle, 6-nozzle opening, and 7-imaginary equidistant conical surface loop.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Example embodiments may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the embodiments and are not to scale.

Examples

The utility model provides a high-efficient inkjet formula piezo-jet of automatically cleaning, as figure 2, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9, including the nozzle, the nozzle is equipped with the inkjet passageway, the inkjet passageway includes intercommunication section 1 and nozzle segment 2, the ink outlet of intercommunication section 1 links to each other with the ink inlet of nozzle segment 2, the inner wall of nozzle segment 2 is equipped with multistage gradient micro-nano structure, multistage gradient micro-nano structure includes micron order structure and nanometer level structure, micron order structure locates on the inner wall surface of nozzle segment 2, nanometer level structure locates on the micron order structure.

According to the self-cleaning high-speed high-efficiency ink-jet piezoelectric nozzle, the inner wall surface of an ink-jet channel of the nozzle is provided with a multi-level gradient micro-nano structure. The multi-level micro-nano fine structure is designed and manufactured based on a bionic principle, presents rough peaks and valleys which are randomly distributed in a macroscopic view, a large number of micron-level mastoids 3 exist in a microscopic view, the micron-level mastoids 3 also contain nano-level protruding structure clusters, the multi-level gradient micro-nano structure on the inner wall surface of an ink jet channel of the nozzle is a multi-level cross-scale fine structure, is similar to a lotus leaf surface microstructure, and has good hydrophobicity on the surface, so that ink does not generate flow resistance and viscosity in the extrusion process of a piezoelectric nozzle, the self-cleaning effect of the inner wall structure of the nozzle is realized, the ink jet performance of the piezoelectric nozzle is improved, and the maintenance frequency and the maintenance cost of the piezoelectric.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional piezojet, in which the inner wall of a conventional nozzle 5 is a common surface, i.e., a common smooth surface, and the end of the conventional nozzle 5 is provided with a nozzle opening 6. Compared with the traditional nozzle, under the same pressure and nozzle aperture, the novel nozzle of the self-cleaning high-speed high-efficiency ink-jet piezoelectric nozzle has a higher speed of ejecting liquid drops by arranging a multi-stage gradient micro-nano structure, so that the printing precision can be improved; and when the viscosity of the ink at the nozzle head part is increased, the ink can be smoothly sprayed, the failure rate of nozzle blockage is reduced, and the maintenance cost of nozzle cleaning and the like is saved.

In the embodiment, the micron-sized structure comprises a plurality of micron-sized hydrophobic units, each micron-sized hydrophobic unit comprises a plurality of micron-sized mastoids 3, the micron-sized mastoids 3 of each micron-sized hydrophobic unit are arranged on the inner wall of the nozzle section 2, and the micron-sized hydrophobic units are arranged on the surface of the inner wall of the nozzle section 2 at equal intervals or at unequal intervals.

In an embodiment, the nano-scale structures comprise a plurality of nano-scale protruding structure clusters, which are arranged on the surface of the micro-scale mastoid 3. The micron-sized mastoid 3 adopts a micron-sized cuboid, a micron-sized cylinder, a micron-sized spherical crown or a micron-sized round platform, and the nano-sized protruding structure cluster adopts a nano-sized cuboid, a nano-sized cylinder, a nano-sized spherical crown or a nano-sized sphere.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the communicating section 1 is arranged coaxially with the nozzle section 2. The inner wall of the nozzle section 2 is a curved surface with radian, the longitudinal section of the inner wall of the nozzle section 2 is arc-shaped, the diameter of the nozzle section 2 is reduced along the diameter of the ink jet direction, and compared with the traditional plane structure, the novel nozzle inner wall is a curved surface and is easy to jet ink. The communicating section 1 adopts a cylindrical communicating section 1, and the diameter of the communicating section 1 is equal to the maximum diameter of the nozzle section 2.

FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the nozzle segment 2, the nozzle geometry not being drawn to scale. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a nozzle segment 2 wherein the nozzle segment 2 is marked with imaginary equidistant cone contours 7, the distance between two imaginary equidistant cone contours 7 being equal to the average pitch between the micron-sized hydrophobic units, which are arranged annularly equidistantly/non-equidistantly on this contour.

The following are specific examples of several different forms of surface microstructures, namely combinations of micro-and nano-scale structures. In the embodiment, the micro-scale mastoid 3 and the nano-scale protruding structure cluster preferably adopt any one of the following structures:

as shown in fig. 5, structure one: the micron-sized mastoid 3 is a micron-sized cuboid, the width of the micron-sized cuboid is 1-100 mu m, the height of the micron-sized cuboid is 1-150 mu m, the distance between adjacent micron-sized cuboids is 1-120 mu m, and the micron-sized cuboids are regularly arranged on the surface of the inner wall of the nozzle section 2; the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are nano-scale cuboids, the width of each nano-scale cuboid is 1-200 nm, the height of each nano-scale cuboid is 1-300 nm, the distance between every two adjacent nano-scale cuboids is 1-240 nm, the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are arranged on the micron-scale mastoid 3 or on the gaps between every two adjacent micron-scale mastoids 3, and the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are arranged irregularly.

As shown in fig. 6, structure two: the micron-sized mastoid 3 adopts micron-sized cylinders, the diameter of each micron-sized cylinder is 1-100 mu m, the height of each micron-sized cylinder is 1-150 mu m, the distance between every two adjacent micron-sized cylinders is 1-120 mu m, and the micron-sized cylinders are regularly arranged on the surface of the inner wall of the nozzle section 2; the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are nano-scale cuboids, the width of each nano-scale cuboid is 1-200 nm, the height of each nano-scale cuboid is 1-300 nm, the distance between every two adjacent nano-scale cuboids is 1-240 nm, the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are arranged on the micron-scale mastoid 3 or on the gaps between every two adjacent micron-scale mastoids 3, and the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are arranged irregularly.

As shown in fig. 7, structure three: the micron-sized mastoid 3 adopts a micron-sized circular truncated cone, the diameter of the micron-sized circular truncated cone is 1-100 mu m, the height of the micron-sized circular truncated cone is 1-150 mu m, the distance between every two adjacent micron-sized circular truncated cones is 1-120 mu m, and the micron-sized circular truncated cones are regularly arranged on the surface of the nozzle section 2; the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are nano-scale cuboids, the diameter of each nano-scale cuboid is 1-200 nm, the height of each nano-scale cuboid is 1-300 nm, the distance between every two adjacent nano-scale cuboids is 1-240 nm, the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are arranged on the micron-scale mastoid 3 or on gaps between every two adjacent micron-scale mastoids 3, and the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are arranged irregularly.

As in fig. 8, structure four: the micron-sized mastoid 3 adopts a micron-sized spherical crown, the diameter of the micron-sized spherical crown is 1-100 mu m, the height of the micron-sized spherical crown is 1-150 mu m, the distance between adjacent micron-sized spherical crowns is 1-120 mu m, and the micron-sized spherical crowns are regularly arranged on the surface of the nozzle section 2; the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are nano-scale cylinders, the diameter of each nano-scale cylinder is 1-200 nm, the height of each nano-scale cylinder is 1-300 nm, the distance between every two adjacent nano-scale cylinders is 1-240 nm, the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are arranged on the micron-scale mastoids 3 or on gaps between every two adjacent micron-scale mastoids 3, and the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are arranged randomly.

As in fig. 9, configuration five: the micron-sized mastoid 3 adopts micron-sized cylinders, the diameter of each micron-sized cylinder is 1-100 mu m, the height of each micron-sized cylinder is 1-150 mu m, the distance between every two adjacent micron-sized cylinders is 1-120 mu m, and the micron-sized cylinders are regularly arranged on the surface of the nozzle section 2; the nano-scale protruding structure clusters adopt nano-scale spherical crowns, the diameter of each nano-scale protruding structure cluster is 1-200 nm, the height of each nano-scale protruding structure cluster is 1-100 nm, the distance between every two adjacent nano-scale protruding structure clusters is 1-240 nm, the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are arranged on the micro-scale mastoids 3 or on gaps between every two adjacent micro-scale mastoids 3, and the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are arranged irregularly.

Fig. 5-9 are structural diagrams of different forms of multi-level gradient micro-nano structures on the inner wall surface of the nozzle, and when a specific voltage signal is applied, and under the extrusion effect of a chamber piezoelectric vibrating plate, the flow resistance of fluid (ink) passing through the nozzle with the hydrophobic wall surface is remarkably reduced.

As mentioned above, when the nozzle ejects ink, the ink flowing along the inner wall of the nozzle can receive frictional resistance, the novel nozzle adopting the embodiment can reduce the resistance, the speed of ejecting ink drops can be improved, and the printing precision is correspondingly improved. The traditional spray head is easy to have soft blockage, the means for treating the soft blockage generally uses original ink to clean for multiple times, the defects are ink waste and high cost, the self-cleaning high-speed high-efficiency ink-jet piezoelectric spray head of the embodiment can efficiently prevent the adhesion blockage of a nozzle, the blockage failure rate of the spray head is reduced, the self-cleaning effect of the nozzle is realized, and therefore the use cost of the ink is greatly reduced.

In the embodiment, the inner wall of the nozzle is preferably processed into the multi-level gradient micro-nano structure by adopting laser micro-machining, active design on the surface of a mould or other suitable methods, and the micro-rough surface formed by combining the micro-scale structure and the nano-scale structure has various combination forms, so that the ink jet performance can be improved, and the self-cleaning effect of the nozzle can be effectively improved. The principle is illustrated as follows: in this case, the surface having the micro-roughness structure may have high hydrophobicity. When the ink flows in the nozzle with the hydrophobic surface, a layer of air film is generated between the solid surface and the ink, so that the frictional resistance can be obviously reduced, meanwhile, corrosive ions in the ink are difficult to reach the surface of the material, and the nozzle can be more resistant to corrosion; on the other hand, when liquid flows over a hydrophobic surface, contaminants or dust on the surface can be carried away. Therefore, the micro impurities in the ink can not be attached and grown at the nozzle and can be smoothly sprayed out along with the ink, so that the nozzle with the micro-rough structure is not easy to block, and the self-cleaning function of the nozzle is realized.

The self-cleaning high-speed high-efficiency ink-jet piezoelectric nozzle has a self-cleaning function and a high-speed printing function. The inner wall surface of the nozzle is provided with a certain multi-level trans-scale fine structure, namely a multi-level gradient micro-nano structure, so that the ink does not generate flow resistance and viscosity in the extrusion process of the piezoelectric nozzle, the self-cleaning effect of the inner wall structure of the nozzle is realized, the ink jet performance of the piezoelectric nozzle is improved, and the maintenance frequency and the maintenance cost of the piezoelectric nozzle are reduced.

According to the self-cleaning high-speed high-efficiency ink-jet piezoelectric nozzle, an ink-jet channel is arranged in a nozzle, one end of the ink-jet channel is communicated with an ink-jet cavity, the other end of the ink-jet channel is an ink-jet action end, and the nozzle comprises a geometric structure of the inner wall of the nozzle and a multi-stage gradient micro-nano structure of the surface of the inner wall of the nozzle; the multi-level gradient micro-nano structure can realize the hydrophobic functional surface of the inner wall of the piezoelectric nozzle through laser fine processing or active design of the molding surface of a die. The multi-level gradient micro-nano structure is based on a bionic design, and the hydrophobic function of the inner wall surface of the piezoelectric nozzle can be realized. The piezoelectric sprayer with the multistage gradient micro-nano structure on the inner wall surface of the nozzle provided by the embodiment can obviously improve the service performance and the working efficiency of the piezoelectric sprayer and also can effectively reduce the failure rate of the piezoelectric sprayer. The method for realizing the hydrophobic functional surface is various, the hydrophobic functional characteristics of the multi-level gradient micro-nano structure are clear, the self-cleaning function of the nozzle is realized, and the ink-jet performance can be obviously improved, so that the application level of the piezoelectric nozzle is improved, and the engineering application field is expanded.

The above-mentioned embodiments only represent some embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more detailed and specific, but for those skilled in the art, it should be understood that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such modifications and modifications belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a high-speed high-efficient inkjet formula piezoelectric inkjet head of automatically cleaning, includes the nozzle, and the nozzle is equipped with the inkjet passageway, and the inkjet passageway includes intercommunication section and nozzle segment, and the ink outlet of intercommunication section links to each other its characterized in that with the ink inlet of nozzle segment: the inner wall of the nozzle section is provided with a multi-level gradient micro-nano structure, the multi-level gradient micro-nano structure comprises a micron-scale structure and a nano-scale structure, the micron-scale structure is arranged on the surface of the inner wall of the nozzle section, and the nano-scale structure is arranged on the micron-scale structure.

2. A self-cleaning high-speed high-efficiency ink-jet piezoelectric nozzle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the micron-scale structure comprises a plurality of micron-scale hydrophobic units, each micron-scale hydrophobic unit comprises a plurality of micron-scale mastoids, the micron-scale mastoids of each micron-scale hydrophobic unit are all arranged on the inner wall of the nozzle section, and the micron-scale hydrophobic units are arranged on the surface of the inner wall of the nozzle section at equal intervals or at unequal intervals.

3. A self-cleaning high-speed high-efficiency ink-jet piezoelectric nozzle as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the nano-scale structure comprises a plurality of nano-scale protruding structure clusters, and the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are arranged on the surface of the micro-scale mastoid.

4. A self-cleaning high-speed high-efficiency ink-jet piezoelectric nozzle as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the micron-sized mastoid adopts a micron-sized cuboid, a micron-sized cylinder, a micron-sized spherical crown or a micron-sized round platform, and the nano-sized protruding structure cluster adopts a nano-sized cuboid, a nano-sized cylinder, a nano-sized spherical crown or a nano-sized sphere.

5. A self-cleaning high-speed high-efficiency ink-jet piezoelectric nozzle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the communicating section is arranged coaxially with the nozzle section.

6. A self-cleaning high-speed high-efficiency ink-jet piezoelectric nozzle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the longitudinal section of the inner wall of the nozzle section is arc-shaped, and the diameter of the nozzle section is reduced along the ink jet direction.

7. A self-cleaning high-speed high-efficiency ink-jet piezoelectric nozzle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the communicating section is a cylindrical communicating section, and the diameter of the communicating section is equal to the maximum diameter of the nozzle section.

8. A self-cleaning high-speed high-efficiency ink-jet piezoelectric nozzle as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein: the micro-scale mastoid and nano-scale protruding structure cluster adopts any one of the following structures:

the structure I is as follows: the micron-sized mastoid adopts micron-sized cuboids, the width of each micron-sized cuboid is 1-100 mu m, the height of each micron-sized cuboid is 1-150 mu m, the distance between every two adjacent micron-sized cuboids is 1-120 mu m, and the micron-sized cuboids are regularly arranged on the surface of the inner wall of the nozzle section; the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are nano-scale cuboids, the width of each nano-scale cuboid is 1-200 nm, the height of each nano-scale cuboid is 1-300 nm, the distance between every two adjacent nano-scale cuboids is 1-240 nm, the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are arranged on the micron-scale mastoids or on gaps between every two adjacent micron-scale mastoids, and the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are arranged randomly;

the structure II is as follows: the micron-sized mastoid adopts micron-sized cylinders, the diameter of each micron-sized cylinder is 1-100 mu m, the height of each micron-sized cylinder is 1-150 mu m, the distance between every two adjacent micron-sized cylinders is 1-120 mu m, and the micron-sized cylinders are regularly arranged on the surface of the inner wall of the nozzle section; the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are nano-scale cuboids, the width of each nano-scale cuboid is 1-200 nm, the height of each nano-scale cuboid is 1-300 nm, the distance between every two adjacent nano-scale cuboids is 1-240 nm, the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are arranged on the micron-scale mastoids or on gaps between every two adjacent micron-scale mastoids, and the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are arranged randomly;

the structure is three: the micron-sized mastoid adopts a micron-sized circular truncated cone, the diameter of the micron-sized circular truncated cone is 1-100 mu m, the height of the micron-sized circular truncated cone is 1-150 mu m, the distance between every two adjacent micron-sized circular truncated cones is 1-120 mu m, and the micron-sized circular truncated cones are regularly arranged on the surface of the nozzle section; the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are nano-scale cuboids, the diameter of each nano-scale cuboid is 1-200 nm, the height of each nano-scale cuboid is 1-300 nm, the distance between every two adjacent nano-scale cuboids is 1-240 nm, the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are arranged on the micron-scale mastoids or on gaps between every two adjacent micron-scale mastoids, and the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are randomly arranged;

the structure is four: the micron-sized mastoid adopts a micron-sized spherical crown, the diameter of the micron-sized spherical crown is 1-100 mu m, the height of the micron-sized spherical crown is 1-150 mu m, the distance between adjacent micron-sized spherical crowns is 1-120 mu m, and the micron-sized spherical crowns are regularly arranged on the surface of the nozzle section; the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are nano-scale cylinders, the diameter of each nano-scale cylinder is 1-200 nm, the height of each nano-scale cylinder is 1-300 nm, the distance between every two adjacent nano-scale cylinders is 1-240 nm, the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are arranged on the micron-scale mastoids or on gaps between the adjacent micron-scale mastoids, and the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are randomly arranged;

the structure is five: the micron-sized mastoid adopts micron-sized cylinders, the diameter of each micron-sized cylinder is 1-100 mu m, the height of each micron-sized cylinder is 1-150 mu m, the distance between every two adjacent micron-sized cylinders is 1-120 mu m, and the micron-sized cylinders are regularly arranged on the surface of the nozzle section; the nano-scale protruding structure clusters adopt nano-scale spherical crowns, the diameter of each nano-scale protruding structure cluster is 1-200 nm, the height of each nano-scale protruding structure cluster is 1-100 nm, the distance between every two adjacent nano-scale protruding structure clusters is 1-240 nm, the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are arranged on the micro-scale mastoids or on gaps between the adjacent micro-scale mastoids, and the nano-scale protruding structure clusters are arranged randomly.

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