CN209990518U

CN209990518U - Camshaft adjuster with end cover provided with control valve

Info

Publication number: CN209990518U
Application number: CN201920107760.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘勇谋; 张清泉; 王志刚
Original assignee: Chengdu Youmaida Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Chengdu Youmaida Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-01-23
Filing date: 2019-01-23
Publication date: 2020-01-24
Anticipated expiration: 2029-01-23

Abstract

The utility model discloses a camshaft adjuster with an end cover provided with a control valve, which belongs to the field of automobile engine accessories and comprises a stator, a rotor, an end cover and a solenoid valve; the vanes of the rotor are embedded between the two sections of the stator and divide the pressure cavity into an advance pressure cavity and a retard pressure cavity, and the end covers comprise a front end cover and a rear end cover which are clamped on the front and the rear surfaces of the rotor and fixed on the front and the rear surfaces of the stator; the front end cover and/or the rear end cover are/is internally provided with an oil change channel which can be communicated with the advancing pressure cavity and the retarding pressure cavity and a control valve which can control the opening and the closing of the oil change channel; the electromagnetic valve controls the relative rotation of the stator and the rotor and the action of the control valve through oil supply and drainage. Due to the structure, oil exchange is directly carried out by controlling the advance pressure chamber and the retard pressure chamber, the task of balancing the vacuum of the pressure chamber is completed, the movement of the rotor caused by vacuum in the direction opposite to the originally planned shifting direction is avoided, and the phase adjustment response of the camshaft relative to the crankshaft is accelerated.

Description

Camshaft adjuster with end cover provided with control valve

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to automobile engine accessory field, specifically speaking relate to a camshaft adjuster of end cover area control valve.

Background

Camshaft adjusters are technical components for adjusting the phase between a crankshaft and a camshaft in an internal combustion engine.

From CN 103244219 a camshaft adjuster is known for adjusting the phase position of a camshaft relative to a crankshaft in an internal combustion engine. A camshaft adjuster is provided that includes: an even number of variable volume advance and retard pressure chambers for phase adjustment by a rotor supported within the stator; and a volume accumulator having an accumulator connection for receiving hydraulic fluid from the pressure chamber and a tank connection for discharging hydraulic fluid to a tank. In this case, a number of pressure chambers, which is less than the total number of all pressure chambers, are each connected to the volume accumulator via an additional channel comprising a non-return valve provided for the respective pressure chamber. The camshaft adjuster provided is based on the idea that the volume accumulator sucks hydraulic fluid from the volume accumulator via the pressure chambers, primarily in periodically occurring phases, to fulfill the task of equalizing the vacuum. In this way, a movement of the rotor by vacuum, which is opposite to the originally planned adjustment direction, is avoided.

From CN 103291399 a stator for a camshaft adjuster is disclosed, comprising: an outer portion for concentrically receiving a rotor having blades disposed thereon; and a section which projects from the exterior and is intended to engage between two vanes of the rotor in order to form, together with the two vanes, a pressure chamber of the camshaft adjuster. The segment has a cavity for receiving hydraulic fluid from the pressure chamber. The outer portion may in particular be annular, wherein the segments project radially inwards. The blades can be arranged around the rotor and project radially and/or axially from the rotor. The hollow spaces in the segments can thus serve as volume reservoirs which receive hydraulic fluid flowing out of the pressure chambers via the respective inlet openings, wherein the pressure chambers can suck the flowing-out hydraulic fluid in the event of negative pressure via the outlet openings connected to the pressure chambers.

From CN 103244224A camshaft adjuster is known, which comprises a stator and a rotor accommodated therein, which is supported by a pressure chamber in a manner such that it can be rotated relative to the stator. The camshaft adjuster provided furthermore comprises a pressure connection for supplying the pressure chambers with hydraulic fluid and a drain connection for draining the pressure chambers with hydraulic fluid. According to the invention, a camshaft adjuster is provided which comprises a third connection for filling the pressure chamber with hydraulic fluid from the volume accumulator.

The volume accumulator or the volume accumulator is equivalent to an intermediate medium for exchanging the hydraulic fluid of the advance pressure chamber and the retarding pressure chamber, and how to directly exchange the hydraulic fluid of the advance pressure chamber and the retarding pressure chamber and improve the phase adjustment response of the camshaft relative to the crankshaft is still solved.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at above-mentioned weak point provides a camshaft adjuster of end cover area control valve, directly carries out the fluid exchange through control pressure chamber in advance and lag pressure chamber, accomplishes the vacuum task of balanced pressure chamber, avoids the rotor to pass through the vacuum and arouse with the opposite direction motion of transferring originally planned to accelerate the phase adjustment response of camshaft for the bent axle. In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme:

a camshaft adjuster with end cover provided with a control valve is used for adjusting the phase position of a camshaft relative to a crankshaft in an internal combustion engine and comprises a stator 1, a rotor 2, an end cover 3 and an electromagnetic valve; the rotor 2 comprises a hub 21 concentrically housed inside the stator 1, the stator 1 having radially inwardly projecting sectors 11 on its outer ring; the hub 21 is provided with blades 22 protruding outwards in the radial direction, the blades 22 are embedded between the two sectors 11, and divide a pressure cavity formed by the hub 21, the outer ring of the stator 1 and the two sectors 11 into an advance pressure cavity 23 and a retard pressure cavity 24, the end cover 3 comprises a front end cover and a rear end cover, and the front end cover and the rear end cover are clamped on the front surface and the rear surface of the rotor 2 and fixed on the front surface and the rear surface of the stator 1; an oil change channel 4 which can be communicated with the advance pressure cavity 23 and the retard pressure cavity 24 and a control valve 5 which can control the opening and closing of the oil change channel 4 are arranged in the front end cover and/or the rear end cover; the solenoid valve controls relative rotation of the stator 1 and the rotor 2 and operation of the control valve 5 by oil supply and oil drainage.

For further improvement, the space of the control valve 5 in the end cover 3 forms a cavity 25; the advancing pressure chamber 23, the retarding pressure chamber 24 and the accommodating chamber 25 are respectively connected with an advancing oil passage 6, a retarding oil passage 7 and a control oil passage 8; and the other ends of the advance oil passage 6, the retard oil passage 7 and the control oil passage 8 control oil feeding and oil discharging through electromagnetic valves.

For further refinement, the advance oil passage 6 and the retard oil passage 7 are both arranged radially in the rotor 2, and the control oil passage 8 is arranged radially in the end cover 3.

For further improvement, the control valve 5 comprises a piston 51, a control valve core 52 and a small spring 53; the control valve core 52 is connected with the piston 51 and blocks the oil change channel 4 under the rebound force of the small spring 53; the piston 51 corresponds to a passage port of the control oil passage 8, and when the control oil passage 8 supplies oil, the piston 51 is pressurized and can open the oil change passage 4 by pushing the control valve core 52, and simultaneously, the small spring 53 is charged with energy.

For further improvement, the electromagnetic valve comprises an electromagnetic valve body 30, the electromagnetic valve body 30 comprises a valve body 31, a valve core 32 axially arranged in a cavity of the valve body 31 and a spring 33 for driving the valve core 32 to axially move along the cavity of the valve body 31, the valve core 32 is hollow to form a T oil return channel 34, and the valve core 32 has five positions in the cavity of the valve body 31; in the first position, oil is supplied from the oil retarding passage 7, oil is drained from the oil advancing passage 6, and oil drainage from the oil control passage 8 is controlled; in the second position, the oil is fed from the delay oil passage 7, the oil is discharged from the advance oil passage 6, and the oil is fed from the control oil passage 8; in the third position, the oil in the lag oil passage 7 and the advance oil passage 6 is kept, and the oil in the control oil passage 8 is drained; in the fourth position, oil is drained from the oil retarding passage 7, oil is supplied to the oil advancing passage 6, and oil is supplied to the oil controlling passage 8; in the fifth position, oil is drained from the retarding oil passage 7, oil is supplied from the advancing oil passage 6, and oil is drained from the control oil passage 8.

For further improvement, a cavity wall of the valve body 31 is provided with a C1 control port 81 communicated with the control oil channel 8, an A advancing port 61 communicated with the advancing oil channel 6, a B retarding port 71 communicated with the retarding oil channel 7 and a C2 control port 82 communicated with the control oil channel 8 in an axially and sequentially penetrating manner; the C1 and

C2 control ports

81 and 82 correspond to P1 and P2

pressure oil ports

91 and 92 arranged on the inner wall of the cavity of the valve body 31 respectively, and the P1 and P2

pressure oil ports

91 and 92 are communicated and centrally provided with a P pressure oil port 93 radially penetrating through the wall of the cavity of the valve body 31; the outer wall of the valve core 32 sequentially penetrates through the T oil return channel 34 along the axial direction and the radial direction to form a C1 oil drain port I, a C1 oil drain port II, a C2 oil drain port II, a C1 oil drain port I, a C2 oil drain port II, a C2 oil drain port I, a C1 oil drain port II, a C2 oil drain port I, a C; c1, C2 and AB

annular grooves

87, 88 and 67 are respectively arranged between the first oil drainage port and the second

oil drainage port

83 and 84 of the C1, between the second oil drainage port and the second

oil drainage port

86 and 85 of the C2 and between the

oil drainage ports

62 and 72 of the A and the B.

For further improvement, the C1 control port 81 and the C2 control port 82, the a advance port 61 and the B retard port 71 are all symmetrical about the P pressure port 93; the C1 drain port I83 and the C2 drain port I86, the C1 drain port II 84 and the C2 drain port II 85, the C1 annular groove 87 and the C2 annular groove 88, the A drain port 62 and the B drain port 72 are all symmetrical about the AB annular groove 67.

To further improve, when the valve core 32 is in the first position of the cavity of the valve body 31, the P pressure port 93 is communicated with the B retarding port 71 through the AB annular groove 67, the a advancing port 61 is communicated with the T oil return passage 34 through the a oil drain port 62, and the C1 control port 81 is communicated with the T oil return passage 34 through the C1 oil drain port one 83; in the second position, the P pressure port 93 is communicated with the B retarding port 71 through the AB annular groove 67, the a advancing port 61 is communicated with the T oil return passage 34 through the a oil release port 62, and the P1 pressure port 91 is communicated with the C1 control port 81 through the C1 annular groove 87; in the third position, the P pressure oil port 93 is not communicated with the A advancing port 61 and the B retarding port 71 through the AB annular groove 67, and the C1 and the

C2 control ports

81 and 82 are respectively communicated with the T oil return channel 34 through the C1 and the C2

oil drainage ports

84 and 85; in the fourth position, the P pressure port 93 is communicated with the a advance port 61 through the AB annular groove 67, the B retard port 71 is communicated with the T return passage 34 through the B drain port 72, and the P2 pressure port 92 is communicated with the C2 control port 82 through the C2 annular groove 88; in the fifth position, the P pressure port 93 communicates with the A advance port 61 through the AB annular groove 67, the B retard port 71 communicates with the T return passage 34 through the B drain port 72, and the C2 control port 82 communicates with the T return passage 34 through the C2 drain port one 86.

For further improvement, the number of the oil drainage ports A is at least two, and the oil drainage ports A62 are communicated through an annular groove arranged at an outer port and used for increasing oil drainage speed; the number of the oil drainage ports 72 is at least two, and the oil drainage ports 72 are communicated by arranging annular grooves at outer ports and used for increasing oil drainage speed.

The utility model has the advantages that:

1. the utility model discloses a camshaft adjuster with an end cover provided with a control valve, wherein an oil changing channel which can be communicated with an advance pressure cavity and a lag pressure cavity and a control valve which can control the opening and closing of the oil changing channel are arranged in the front end cover and/or the rear end cover; the oil-liquid exchange is directly carried out by controlling the advance pressure cavity and the lag pressure cavity, the vacuum task of the balance pressure cavity is completed, the movement of the rotor caused by vacuum in the direction opposite to the originally planned shifting direction is avoided, and the phase adjustment response of the camshaft relative to the crankshaft is accelerated.

2. The utility model discloses a camshaft adjuster of end cover area control valve, the other end of oil passageway in advance, hysteresis oil passageway and control oil passageway all gives oil and draining through the solenoid valve control. The valve core has five positions in the valve body cavity; the relative rotation of the stator and the rotor and the action of the control valve are controlled through the position change.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the rotor and stator assembly of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an end cap of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the first position of the valve element of the present invention in the valve body cavity;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a second position of the valve cartridge of the present invention within the valve body cavity;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of the third position of the valve element of the present invention in the valve body cavity;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of the fourth position of the valve element in the valve body cavity according to the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of a fifth position of the valve element of the present invention in the valve body cavity;

in the drawings: 1-stator, 2-rotor, 3-end cover, 4-oil changing channel, 5-control valve, 6-advance oil channel, 7-lag oil channel, 8-control oil channel, 11-sector, 21-hub, 22-vane, 23-advance pressure chamber, 24-lag pressure chamber, 25-chamber, 30-electromagnetic valve body, 31-valve body, 32-valve core, 33-spring, 34-T oil return channel, 51-piston, 52-control valve core, 53-small spring, 61-A advance port, 62-A oil drain port, 67-AB annular groove, 71-B lag port, 72-B oil drain port, 81-C1 control port, 82-C2 control port, 83-C1 oil drain port I, 84-C1 oil drain port II, 85-C2 oil drain port II, 86-C2 oil drain port I, 87-C1 annular groove, 88-C2 annular groove, 91-P1 pressure oil port, 92-P2 pressure oil port and 93-P pressure oil port

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

Shown in the attached figures 1-7. A camshaft adjuster with end cover provided with a control valve is used for adjusting the phase position of a camshaft relative to a crankshaft in an internal combustion engine and comprises a stator 1, a rotor 2, an end cover 3 and an electromagnetic valve; the rotor 2 comprises a hub 21 concentrically housed inside the stator 1, the stator 1 having radially inwardly projecting sectors 11 on its outer ring; the hub 21 projects radially outward with a vane 22, the vane 22 is embedded between the two segments 11, and divides a pressure chamber formed by the hub 21, the outer ring of the stator 1 and the two segments 11 into an advance pressure chamber 23 and a retard pressure chamber 24, and the two segments 11 limit the rotation angle of the vane 22. The electromagnetic valve controls oil to feed oil to the advance pressure cavity 23 and drain oil to the retard pressure cavity 24 or to feed oil to the advance pressure cavity 23 and the retard pressure cavity 24 or keeps the oil to ensure that the rotor 2 rotates a certain angle or stabilizes an angle relative to the stator 1, so as to adjust the phase of a camshaft in the internal combustion engine relative to a crankshaft; the end cover 3 comprises a front end cover and a rear end cover, is clamped on the front and rear surfaces of the rotor 2 and is fixed on the front and rear surfaces of the stator 1; an oil change channel 4 which can be communicated with the advance pressure cavity 23 and the retard pressure cavity 24 and a control valve 5 which can control the opening and closing of the oil change channel 4 are arranged in the front end cover and/or the rear end cover; fig. 2 shows the control valve 5 in an open state, with oil passing from the advance pressure chamber 23 to the retard pressure chamber 24 via the oil change passage 4; the two circular holes shown are through-openings leading to the advance pressure chamber 23 and the retard pressure chamber 24, respectively; when the control valve 5 opens the oil change passage 4, the advance pressure chamber 23 and the retard pressure chamber 24 communicate; when the control valve 5 closes the oil change passage 4, the advance pressure chamber 23 and the retard pressure chamber 24 are not communicated; the solenoid valve controls relative rotation of the stator 1 and the rotor 2 and opening and closing operations of the control valve 5 by oil supply and oil drainage.

The space of the control valve 5 in the end cover 3 forms a cavity 25; the chamber 25 is intended to house the control valve 5; the advancing pressure chamber 23, the retarding pressure chamber 24 and the accommodating chamber 25 are respectively connected with an advancing oil passage 6, a retarding oil passage 7 and a control oil passage 8; and the other ends of the advance oil passage 6, the retard oil passage 7 and the control oil passage 8 control oil feeding and oil discharging through electromagnetic valves.

The advance oil passage 6 and the retard oil passage 7 are both disposed radially inside the rotor 2, and the control oil passage 8 is disposed radially inside the end cover 3.

The control valve 5 comprises a piston 51, a control valve core 52 and a small spring 53; the control valve core 52 is connected with the piston 51 and blocks the oil change channel 4 under the rebound force of the small spring 53; the piston 51 corresponds to a passage port of the control oil passage 8, and when the control oil passage 8 supplies oil, the piston 51 is pressurized and can open the oil change passage 4 by pushing the control valve core 52, and simultaneously, the small spring 53 is charged with energy.

The electromagnetic valve comprises an electromagnetic valve body 30, wherein the electromagnetic valve body 30 comprises a valve body 31, a valve core 32 axially arranged in a cavity of the valve body 31 and a spring 33 used for driving the valve core 32 to axially move along the cavity of the valve body 31, the valve core 32 is hollow to form a T oil return channel 34, and a C1 control port 81 communicated with a control oil channel 8, an A advance port 61 communicated with an advance oil channel 6, a B retard port 71 communicated with a retard oil channel 7 and a C2 control port 82 communicated with the control oil channel 8 sequentially and radially penetrate through the wall of the cavity of the valve body 31 along the axial direction; the C1 and

C2 control ports

81 and 82 correspond to P1 and P2

pressure oil ports

annular grooves

oil drainage port

83 and 84 of the C1, between the second oil drainage port and the second

oil drainage port

86 and 85 of the C2 and between the

oil drainage ports

62 and 72 of the A and the B. The C1 control port 81, the C2 control port 82, the A advancing port 61 and the B retarding port 71 are all symmetrical about the P pressure oil port 93; the C1 drain port I83 and the C2 drain port I86, the C1 drain port II 84 and the C2 drain port II 85, the C1 annular groove 87 and the C2 annular groove 88, the A drain port 62 and the B drain port 72 are all symmetrical about the AB annular groove 67.

The valve core 32 has five positions in the cavity of the valve body 31; when the valve core 32 is at the first position of the cavity of the valve body 31, the P pressure oil port 93 is communicated with the B retarding port 71 through the AB annular groove 67, oil is supplied to the retarding pressure cavity 24 through the retarding oil channel 7, the A advancing port 61 is communicated with the T oil return channel 34 through the A oil drain port 62, oil is drained from the advancing pressure cavity 23 to the advancing oil channel 6, the C1 control port 81 is communicated with the T oil return channel 34 through the C1 oil drain port one 83, oil is drained from the cavity 25 to the control oil channel 8, and the oil change channel 4 is closed; in the second position, the P pressure port 93 is communicated with the B retarding port 71 through the AB annular groove 67, the retarding oil passage 7 supplies oil to the retarding pressure chamber 24, the A advancing port 61 is communicated with the T oil return passage 34 through the A oil drain port 62, the advancing pressure chamber 23 drains oil to the advancing oil passage 6, the P1 pressure port 91 is communicated with the C1 control port 81 through the C1 annular groove 87, the control oil passage 8 supplies oil to the cavity 25, and the oil change passage 4 is opened; in the third position, the P pressure oil port 93 is not communicated with the A advancing port 61 and the B retarding port 71 through the AB annular groove 67, the retarding oil passage 7 and the advancing oil passage 6 are kept in oil, the advancing pressure cavity 23 and the retarding pressure cavity 24 are kept, the C1 and the

C2 control ports

81 and 82 are respectively communicated with the T oil return passage 34 through the C1 and the C2 oil drainage port II 84 and 85, the cavity 25 drains oil to the control oil passage 8, and the oil change passage 4 is closed; in the fourth position, the P pressure port 93 is communicated with the a advance port 61 through the AB annular groove 67, the advance oil passage 6 supplies oil to the advance pressure chamber 23, the B retard port 71 is communicated with the T oil return passage 34 through the B oil drain port 72, the retard pressure chamber 24 drains oil to the retard oil passage 7, the P2 pressure port 92 is communicated with the C2 control port 82 through the C2 annular groove 88, the control oil passage 8 supplies oil to the cavity 25, and the oil change passage 4 is opened; in the fifth position, the P pressure port 93 is communicated with the a advance port 61 through the AB annular groove 67, the advance oil passage 6 supplies oil to the advance pressure chamber 23, the B retard port 71 is communicated with the T oil return passage 34 through the B oil drain port 72, the retard pressure chamber 24 drains oil to the retard oil passage 7, the C2 control port 82 is communicated with the T oil return passage 34 through the C2 oil drain port one 86, the cavity 25 drains oil to the control oil passage 8, and the oil change passage 4 is closed.

The number of the oil drainage ports A is at least two, and the oil drainage ports A62 are communicated through an annular groove formed in an outer opening and used for increasing oil drainage speed; the number of the oil drainage ports 72 is at least two, and the oil drainage ports 72 are communicated by arranging annular grooves at outer ports and used for increasing oil drainage speed.

In summary, when the rotor needs to be in the advance state to the normal state, the valve core 32 is in the fourth position of the cavity of the valve body 31; when the rotor needs to be in a hysteresis state from a normal state, the valve core 32 is in a fifth position in the cavity of the valve body 31; when the rotor needs to be in the hysteresis state to the normal state, the valve core 32 is in the second position of the cavity of the valve body 31; when the rotor needs to be changed from the normal state to the advance state, the valve core 32 is at the first position of the cavity of the valve body 31; when the rotor needs to be kept in a certain position state, the valve core 32 is in a third position of the cavity of the valve body 31; relative rotation of the stator 1 and the rotor 2 and operation of the control valve 5 are controlled by oil supply and oil release. The oil-liquid exchange is directly carried out by controlling the advance pressure cavity and the lag pressure cavity, the vacuum task of the balance pressure cavity is completed, the movement of the rotor caused by vacuum in the direction opposite to the originally planned shifting direction is avoided, and the phase adjustment response of the camshaft relative to the crankshaft is accelerated.

The above only is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, not limiting the scope of the present invention, all the equivalent structures or equivalent flow changes made by the contents of the specification and the drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the same way in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A camshaft adjuster with end cap having control valve for adjusting the phase of camshaft relative to crankshaft in internal combustion engine comprises stator (1), rotor (2), end cap (3) and electromagnetic valve; the rotor (2) comprises a hub (21) concentrically accommodated in the stator (1), and the outer ring of the stator (1) is provided with a sector (11) protruding inwards in the radial direction; the hub (21) is provided with blades (22) which protrude outwards in the radial direction, the blades (22) are embedded between the two sectors (11) and divide a pressure cavity formed by the hub (21), the outer ring of the stator (1) and the two sectors (11) into an advance pressure cavity (23) and a retard pressure cavity (24), and the impeller is characterized in that the end cover (3) comprises a front end cover and a rear end cover, and the front end cover and the rear end cover are clamped on the front surface and the rear surface of the rotor (2) and fixed on the front surface and the rear surface of the stator (1); an oil change channel (4) which can be communicated with the advance pressure cavity (23) and the retard pressure cavity (24) and a control valve (5) which can control the opening and closing of the oil change channel (4) are arranged in the front end cover and/or the rear end cover; the electromagnetic valve controls the relative rotation of the stator (1) and the rotor (2) and the action of the control valve (5) through oil feeding and oil draining.

2. Camshaft adjuster with end cap provided with a control valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the space of the control valve (5) in the end cap (3) forms a receptacle (25); the advancing pressure cavity (23), the retarding pressure cavity (24) and the accommodating cavity (25) are respectively connected with an advancing oil channel (6), a retarding oil channel (7) and a control oil channel (8); and the other ends of the advance oil passage (6), the retard oil passage (7) and the control oil passage (8) are controlled to supply oil and drain oil through electromagnetic valves.

3. Camshaft adjuster with end cap with control valve according to claim 2, characterized in that the advance oil channel (6) and the retard oil channel (7) are arranged radially in the rotor (2) and the control oil channel (8) is arranged radially in the end cap (3).

4. Camshaft adjuster with end cap provided with control valve according to claim 2, characterized in that the control valve (5) comprises a piston (51), a control valve spool (52) and a small spring (53); the control valve core (52) is connected with the piston (51) and blocks the oil change channel (4) under the rebound force of the small spring (53); the piston (51) corresponds to a channel opening of the control oil channel (8), when the control oil channel (8) supplies oil, the piston (51) is pressed and can open the oil change channel (4) by pushing the control valve core (52), and meanwhile, the small spring (53) stores energy.

5. The camshaft adjuster with the control valve at the end cover is characterized in that the electromagnetic valve comprises an electromagnetic valve body (30), the electromagnetic valve body (30) comprises a valve body (31), a valve core (32) axially arranged in a cavity of the valve body (31), and a spring (33) used for driving the valve core (32) to axially move along the cavity of the valve body (31), the valve core (32) is hollow to form a T oil return channel (34), and the valve core (32) has five positions in the cavity of the valve body (31); in the first position, oil is supplied to the lag oil passage (7), oil is drained from the advance oil passage (6), and oil drainage from the control oil passage (8) is performed; in the second position, oil is supplied to the lag oil passage (7), oil is discharged from the advance oil passage (6), and oil supply to the oil passage (8) is controlled; in the third position, the oil in the lag oil passage (7) and the advance oil passage (6) is kept, and the oil drainage of the oil passage (8) is controlled; in the fourth position, oil is drained from the lag oil passage (7), oil is supplied to the advance oil passage (6), and oil is supplied to the control oil passage (8); and in the fifth position, oil is drained from the retarding oil passage (7), oil is supplied from the advancing oil passage (6), and oil drainage from the oil passage (8) is controlled.

6. The camshaft adjuster with the control valve at the end cover is characterized in that a C1 control port (81) communicated with the control oil channel (8), an A advancing port (61) communicated with the advancing oil channel (6), a B retarding port (71) communicated with the retarding oil channel (7) and a C2 control port (82) communicated with the control oil channel (8) are sequentially and radially arranged on the cavity wall of the valve body (31) along the axial direction; the C1 and C2 control ports (81 and 82) are respectively corresponding to P1 and P2 pressure oil ports (91 and 92) arranged on the inner wall of a cavity of the valve body (31), and the P1 and P2 pressure oil ports (91 and 92) are communicated and centrally provided with a P pressure oil port (93) radially penetrating through the wall of the cavity of the valve body (31); the outer wall of the valve core (32) sequentially penetrates through a T oil return channel (34) along the axial direction in the radial direction and is provided with C1 oil drain ports I and II (83, 84), A and B oil drain ports (62, 72), and C2 oil drain ports II and I (85, 86); and a C1 annular groove (87), a C2 annular groove (88) and an AB annular groove (67) are respectively arranged between the first oil drainage port and the second oil drainage port (83 and 84) of the C1, between the second oil drainage port (86 and 85) of the C2 and between the oil drainage ports A and B (62 and 72).

7. The camshaft adjuster with an end cap having a control valve as claimed in claim 6, wherein the C1 control port (81) and the C2 control port (82), the A advance port (61) and the B retard port (71) are all symmetrical about the P pressure port (93); and the C1 oil drainage port I (83), the C2 oil drainage port I (86), the C1 oil drainage port II (84), the C2 oil drainage port II (85), the C1 annular groove (87), the C2 annular groove (88), the A oil drainage port (62) and the B oil drainage port (72) are all symmetrical about the AB annular groove (67).

8. The camshaft adjuster with the control valve on the end cover is characterized in that when the valve core (32) is in the first position of the cavity of the valve body (31), the P pressure oil port (93) is communicated with the B lagging port (71) through the AB annular groove (67), the A advancing port (61) is communicated with the T oil return channel (34) through the A oil drain port (62), and the C1 control port (81) is communicated with the T oil return channel (34) through the C1 oil drain port one (83); in the second position, the P pressure oil port (93) is communicated with the B lagging port (71) through an AB annular groove (67), the A advancing port (61) is communicated with the T oil return channel (34) through an A oil drainage port (62), and the P1 pressure oil port (91) is communicated with the C1 control port (81) through a C1 annular groove (87); in the third position, the P pressure oil port (93) is not communicated with the A advancing port (61) and the B lagging port (71) through the AB annular groove (67), and the C1 and the C2 control ports (81 and 82) are respectively communicated with the T oil return channel (34) through C1 and C2 oil drainage ports II (84 and 85); in the fourth position, a P pressure oil port (93) is communicated with an A advancing port (61) through an AB annular groove (67), a B retarding port (71) is communicated with a T oil return passage (34) through a B oil drainage port (72), and a P2 pressure oil port (92) is communicated with a C2 control port (82) through a C2 annular groove (88); in the fifth position, the P pressure oil port (93) is communicated with the A advancing port (61) through the AB annular groove (67), the B retarding port (71) is communicated with the T oil return passage (34) through the B oil drainage port (72), and the C2 control port (82) is communicated with the T oil return passage (34) through the C2 oil drainage port I (86).

9. The camshaft adjuster with the control valve on the end cover is characterized in that the number of the A oil drainage ports (62) is at least two, the A oil drainage ports (62) are communicated through an annular groove arranged at the outer opening for increasing oil drainage speed; the oil drainage port B (72) is at least two, and the oil drainage port B (72) is communicated by arranging an annular groove at an outer port and is used for increasing the oil drainage speed.