CN209960227U - Optical cable and pipeline leakage monitoring system - Google Patents
Optical cable and pipeline leakage monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN209960227U CN209960227U CN201920231133.8U CN201920231133U CN209960227U CN 209960227 U CN209960227 U CN 209960227U CN 201920231133 U CN201920231133 U CN 201920231133U CN 209960227 U CN209960227 U CN 209960227U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an optical cable and pipeline seepage monitoring system, the optical cable includes: the heating cable and the temperature sensing optical fiber are coated in the protective layer; a heating cable for generating heat; and the temperature sensing optical fiber is used for detecting the temperature of the field environment. The utility model provides an optical cable simple process, low in cost's characteristic to, carry out the active heating to the optical cable through the active heating technique, utilize distributed optical fiber temperature demodulation equipment to gather the temperature distribution curve of the optical cable full line, wherein the leakage department demonstrates local microthermal abnormal phenomena, and the temperature variation characteristic of pipeline each position is followed in the analysis, judges the unusual situation of temperature and position, thereby realizes monitoring and accurate location of water supply pipe leakage.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a water supply pipe leakage monitoring technology field especially relates to an optical cable and pipeline leakage monitoring system.
Background
The urban water supply pipeline engineering is one of urban life line engineering, and in the long-term service process of a water supply pipeline, the pipeline is easy to crack, leak water, seep water and other abnormal conditions under the combined action of a plurality of factors such as expansion and contraction of heat and cold, fatigue aging, corrosion and erosion, environmental foundation decline, accidental excavation and the like. The leakage problem of the water supply pipeline not only causes adverse effects on the normal life of residents, but also directly and indirectly causes great economic loss. Therefore, it is very important to perform positioning and monitoring of the leakage of the water supply pipeline in a whole line.
At present, the commonly used methods for detecting the leakage of the water supply pipeline mainly comprise a regional leakage detection method, a regional meter installation method, an audible leakage detection method, a correlation analysis method and the like. The regional leak detection method is mainly applied to a cell or a part of pipelines, and only can detect whether water leaks or not and cannot determine a water leakage point; the region meter installing method can only judge the region of water leakage, can not determine the position of a water leakage point, and is suitable for a branch pipe network; the audiological leak detection method is greatly interfered by external noise, the leak detection efficiency mainly depends on the experience and quality of an operator, and certain requirements are also made on the pressure in a pipeline: not less than 0.05 MPa; the detection precision of the correlation analysis method is greatly influenced by the distance between the two sensors, and the propagation speed of the water leakage sound also has certain influence on the detection precision. In addition, the water supply pipeline is usually arranged at a long distance of dozens of kilometers or even hundreds of kilometers, and the whole-line leakage positioning monitoring cannot be effectively realized.
Disclosure of Invention
Not enough to above-mentioned technique, the utility model aims at providing an optical cable and pipeline seepage monitoring system realizes the monitoring and the location of water supply pipe seepage.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following scheme:
an optical cable, comprising: the temperature sensing optical fiber is arranged in the protective layer, and the heating cable and the temperature sensing optical fiber are coated in the protective layer;
the heating cable is used for generating heat; the temperature sensing optical fiber is used for detecting the temperature of the site environment.
Optionally, the optical cable further includes a steel wire, the steel wire is coated in the protective layer, and the steel wire is used for enhancing toughness of the optical cable.
Optionally, the protective layer is made of polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene.
Optionally, a heating element is arranged in the heating cable, and the heating element is an alloy resistance wire or a carbon fiber resistance wire.
Optionally, the alloy resistance wire is a nickel-chromium alloy resistance wire or an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy resistance wire.
A pipeline leakage monitoring system comprises the optical cable, distributed optical fiber temperature demodulation equipment, a programmable power supply and an upper computer;
the optical cable is arranged right below the pipeline; the distributed optical fiber temperature demodulation equipment is connected with the temperature sensing optical fiber, the programmable power supply is connected with the heating cable, the distributed optical fiber temperature demodulation equipment and the programmable power supply are both connected with the upper computer, and the upper computer controls the heating time, the heating power and/or the heating temperature of the heating cable by utilizing the programmable power supply; and the upper computer acquires the temperature of the optical cable by using the distributed optical fiber temperature demodulation equipment.
Optionally, the distance between the optical cable and the conduit is less than 30 cm.
Optionally, at least one optical cable is arranged right below the pipeline.
Optionally, the heating mode of the heating optical cable is constant power heating.
Optionally, the heating mode of the heating optical cable is constant temperature heating.
According to the utility model provides a concrete embodiment, the utility model discloses a following technological effect:
the utility model provides an optical cable simple process, low in cost's characteristic to, carry out the active heating to the optical cable through the active heating technique, utilize distributed optical fiber temperature demodulation equipment to gather the temperature distribution curve of the optical cable full line, wherein the leakage department demonstrates local microthermal abnormal phenomena, and the temperature variation characteristic of pipeline each position is followed in the analysis, judges the unusual situation of temperature and position, thereby realizes monitoring and accurate location of water supply pipe leakage.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive labor.
Fig. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional view of an optical cable according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pipeline leakage monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the temperature variation of the non-leakage and different leakage flow conditions at a certain location according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a temperature distribution graph of a water supply pipeline according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The utility model aims at providing an optical cable and pipeline seepage monitoring system realizes the monitoring and the location of water supply pipe leakage.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
Example 1:
fig. 1 is the utility model discloses a three-dimensional perspective view of optical cable, as shown in fig. 1, an optical cable includes: the temperature-sensing optical fiber temperature-sensing device comprises a protective layer 4, a heating cable 1 and a temperature-sensing optical fiber 2 which are arranged adjacently, wherein the heating cable 1 and the temperature-sensing optical fiber 2 are both coated in the protective layer 4; the heating cable 1 is used for generating heat; and the temperature sensing optical fiber 2 is used for detecting the temperature of the field environment.
Specifically, the temperature sensing optical fiber 2 is based on a distributed optical fiber temperature sensing principle, and the sensing principle is based on an optical fiber Bragg grating quasi-distributed temperature sensing principle, a distributed optical fiber temperature sensing based on a Raman scattering effect, or a distributed optical fiber temperature sensing principle based on Brillouin scattering.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the optical cable further includes:
the steel wire 3, the steel wire 3 cladding is in the protective layer 4, the steel wire 3 is used for strengthening the toughness and the tensile strength of optical cable, avoids heating cable and temperature sensing optic fibre to produce tensile destruction in the work progress, reduces the optical cable fault rate.
Preferably, the material of the protective layer 4 is polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene.
Specifically, the optical cable has good corrosion resistance and good heat conduction characteristic by adopting one of the materials.
Preferably, a heating element is arranged in the heating cable 1, and the heating element is an alloy resistance wire or a carbon fiber resistance wire.
Preferably, the alloy resistance wire is a nickel-chromium alloy resistance wire or an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy resistance wire.
The heating cable, the temperature sensing optical fiber and the steel wire are arranged in a collinear way, and the protective layer is arranged to form the optical cable with the functions of active heating and temperature measurement.
The optical cable in the embodiment has the advantages of simple process, low manufacturing cost, quick response, high accuracy and the like, has wide application prospect, and provides solid technical support for long-term healthy operation of a water supply pipeline.
Example 2:
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pipeline leakage monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the pipeline leakage monitoring system according to this embodiment includes the optical cable 5, the distributed optical fiber temperature demodulating equipment 8, the programmable power supply 7, and the upper computer 9; the optical cable 5 is arranged right below the pipeline 6; the distributed optical fiber temperature demodulating equipment 8 is connected with the temperature sensing optical fiber, the programmable power supply 7 is connected with the heating cable, both the distributed optical fiber temperature demodulating equipment 8 and the programmable power supply 7 are connected with the upper computer 9, and the upper computer 9 controls the heating time, the heating power and/or the heating temperature of the heating cable by using the programmable power supply 7; the upper computer 9 collects the temperature of the optical cable 5 by using the distributed optical fiber temperature demodulation equipment 8.
Preferably, the distance between the optical cable 5 and the duct 6 is less than 30 cm.
Preferably, at least one optical cable 5 is arranged right below the pipeline 6.
Preferably, the heating mode of the heating optical cable 5 is constant power heating.
Preferably, the heating mode of the heating optical cable 5 is constant temperature heating.
The upper computer 9 in this embodiment is a computer.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the optical cable buried under the water supply pipeline is idealized as a linear heat source, and the surrounding medium is solid medium such as soil and pipeline. When the water supply pipeline leaks, the surrounding medium of the optical cable at the leaking position is flowing water, in the heating process, the linear heat source presents two different heat transfer characteristics in a soil medium and a water medium, the soil medium mainly transfers heat through heat conduction, and the water medium transfers heat through heat convection. The temperature change curve which is embodied in the whole-line distribution of the optical cable shows two different trends, namely that the temperature of the soil medium is increased all the time in a logarithmic mode, and the temperature of the water medium quickly reaches a stable value and does not change any more.
The optical cable transfers heat mainly through heat conduction in a soil medium, and the change relation of the temperature of a certain point near a linear heat source in the solid medium along with the heating time t is
Wherein, Δ T is a temperature change value in a soil medium, and γ is an euler constant, that is, γ is 0.5772; q is the heat generated by the line heat source in unit length and unit time, r is the vertical distance between a certain measuring point and the line heat source, alpha is the heat diffusivity of the medium, alpha is lambda/rho c, lambda is the heat conductivity coefficient of the medium, and rho is the density of the medium; c is the specific heat of the medium.
The heat is transferred in the water medium through convection heat transfer, and the change relationship of the surface temperature of the linear heat source in the liquid medium along with the heating time t is
Wherein, Δ T ' is a temperature change value in the aqueous medium, h is a convective heat transfer coefficient of the linear heat source material, a is a surface area of the linear heat source body per unit length, V is a volume of the linear heat source body per unit length, ρ ' is a density of the linear heat source body, and c ' is a specific heat of the linear heat source body.
As can be seen from the equations (1) and (2), when the optical cable is actively heated, the surface temperature of the optical cable in the soil medium increases logarithmically, while the surface temperature of the optical cable in the water medium at the leakage position increases exponentially and rapidly approaches a constant value Q/Ah. The local low-temperature condition and the local low-temperature position are judged by analyzing and comparing the temperature change curves at all positions along the pipeline, so that the leakage of the water supply pipeline is monitored and accurately positioned.
The embodiment solves the technical problems of full-size, long-distance and real-time online leakage positioning monitoring of the water supply pipeline. Compared with the traditional water supply pipeline leakage sensing technology and monitoring means, the distributed optical fiber sensing technology has the following advantages: the structure is monitored in full size, in long distance (up to 40km), in real time and on line, and the system has the advantages of strong anti-interference capability, light weight, easiness in installation, high monitoring precision and the like.
Specifically, an optical cable is laid under a water supply pipeline, a heating cable is connected to a programmable power supply and an upper computer, the control of heating time, heating power and heating temperature is realized through an independently developed LabVIEW program, and a temperature sensing optical fiber is connected to distributed optical fiber temperature demodulation equipment and is connected with the upper computer. When a water supply pipeline leaks, the water leakage changes the heat transfer characteristics and parameters of the optical cable at the leaking position. In particular, during heating, the line heat source (fiber optic cable) exhibits two different heat transfer characteristics in a soil medium and an aqueous medium. Heat is transferred in the soil medium primarily by heat conduction, while heat is transferred in the aqueous medium by heat convection. The temperature change curve which is embodied in the whole-line distribution of the optical cable shows two different trends, namely that the temperature of the soil medium is increased all the time in a logarithmic mode, and the temperature of the water medium quickly reaches a stable value and does not change any more. The optical cable is actively heated through an active heating technology, and the temperature distribution curve of the whole heating optical cable is collected by using distributed optical fiber temperature demodulation equipment, wherein the leakage part shows the abnormal phenomenon of local low temperature. The temperature change characteristics of all positions along the pipeline are analyzed, and the abnormal temperature condition and position are judged, so that the leakage of the water supply pipeline is monitored and accurately positioned.
In the embodiment, a finite element analysis software ANSYS FLUENT with a heat flow coupling function is used for verifying the water supply pipeline leakage monitoring system.
Fig. 3 is a temperature variation curve diagram of the situation of no leakage and different leakage flow at a certain position according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, when no leakage occurs in the water supply pipeline, the temperature of the optical cable increases logarithmically all the time as the heating time increases; when the water supply pipeline leaks, water flows through the optical cable, and the temperature of the optical cable at the leaking position quickly reaches a fixed value and stops increasing. Fig. 4 is a temperature distribution curve diagram of a water supply pipeline according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the leakage position has a local low temperature abnormal condition. Therefore, the feasibility and the effectiveness of the water supply pipeline leakage monitoring system of the embodiment are verified.
The principle and the implementation of the present invention are explained herein by using specific examples, and the above description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for the general technical personnel in the field, according to the idea of the present invention, there are changes in the concrete implementation and the application scope. In summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An optical cable, comprising: the temperature-sensing optical fiber temperature-sensing device comprises a protective layer (4), and a heating cable (1) and a temperature-sensing optical fiber (2) which are arranged adjacently, wherein the heating cable (1) and the temperature-sensing optical fiber (2) are both coated in the protective layer (4);
the heating cable (1) is used for generating heat; and the temperature sensing optical fiber (2) is used for detecting the temperature of the field environment.
2. Optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a steel wire (3), said steel wire (3) being encased in said protective layer (4), said steel wire (3) being used to increase the toughness of the cable.
3. Optical cable according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the material of the protective layer (4) is polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene.
4. Optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that a heating element is provided inside the heating cable (1), said heating element being an alloy or carbon fiber resistance wire.
5. The optical cable of claim 4, wherein the alloy resistance wire is a nickel-chromium alloy resistance wire or an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy resistance wire.
6. A pipeline leakage monitoring system comprising an optical cable according to any one of claims 1 to 5, a distributed optical fiber temperature demodulation device, a programmable power supply and an upper computer;
the optical cable is arranged right below the pipeline; the distributed optical fiber temperature demodulation equipment is connected with the temperature sensing optical fiber, the programmable power supply is connected with the heating cable, the distributed optical fiber temperature demodulation equipment and the programmable power supply are both connected with the upper computer, and the upper computer controls the heating time, the heating power and/or the heating temperature of the heating cable by utilizing the programmable power supply; and the upper computer acquires the temperature of the optical cable by using the distributed optical fiber temperature demodulation equipment.
7. The pipe leak monitoring system of claim 6, wherein the fiber optic cable is less than 30 centimeters from the pipe.
8. The pipeline leak monitoring system of claim 6 or 7, wherein at least one of the optical cables is disposed directly below the pipeline.
9. The pipe leak monitoring system of claim 6, wherein the heating cable is heated by constant power.
10. The pipe leakage monitoring system of claim 6, wherein the heating cable is heated by a constant temperature.
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| CN201920231133.8U CN209960227U (en) | 2019-02-25 | 2019-02-25 | Optical cable and pipeline leakage monitoring system |
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| CN201920231133.8U CN209960227U (en) | 2019-02-25 | 2019-02-25 | Optical cable and pipeline leakage monitoring system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109681788A (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2019-04-26 | 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） | A kind of optical cable and pipe leakage monitor system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109681788A (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2019-04-26 | 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） | A kind of optical cable and pipe leakage monitor system |
| CN109681788B (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2024-04-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） | Optical cable and pipeline leakage monitoring system |
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