CN209949004U - Motor drive system, motor driver and electric automobile - Google Patents

Motor drive system, motor driver and electric automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
CN209949004U
CN209949004U CN201920830415.XU CN201920830415U CN209949004U CN 209949004 U CN209949004 U CN 209949004U CN 201920830415 U CN201920830415 U CN 201920830415U CN 209949004 U CN209949004 U CN 209949004U
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voltage
power supply
output port
driving
diode
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CN201920830415.XU
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金茜
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Suzhou Huichuan United Power System Co Ltd
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Suzhou Huichuan United Power System Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72Electric energy management in electromobility

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model provides a motor drive system, motor driver and electric automobile, motor drive system includes high-pressure backup power, machine controller, drive circuit, first voltage detecting element, low voltage power and by the drive power of low voltage power supply, drive circuit includes first drive unit and second drive unit; the driving power supply generates two paths of driving voltages and outputs the driving voltages through a first voltage output port and a second voltage output port respectively, and the first voltage output port is connected to the first driving unit; the second voltage output port and the first output port of the high-voltage backup power supply are connected to the second driving unit through the first selection unit, and the first selection unit switches the second driving unit to be supplied with power from the first output port of the high-voltage backup power supply when the second voltage output port is abnormal. The embodiment of the utility model provides a can be when supply voltage is unusual, fast switch over power supply route, improve system reliability.

Description

Motor drive system, motor driver and electric automobile
Technical Field
The embodiment of the utility model provides a relate to electric automobile control field, more specifically say, relate to a motor drive system, motor driver and electric automobile.
Background
With the development of electric vehicle technology, electric vehicles are accepted by more and more people, and accordingly, the safety requirements on electric vehicles are higher and higher. As shown in fig. 1, in the conventional electric vehicle, a high-voltage end 10 supplies electric energy for the operation of the motor, specifically, a high-power dc conversion circuit 11 converts high-voltage dc power supplied from the high-voltage end 10 into low-voltage dc power and charges a low-voltage battery 12, a motor controller 15, a lower arm driving power supply 13, and an upper arm driving power supply 14 are supplied with electric energy from the low-voltage battery 12, the motor controller 15 generates a driving control signal according to a feedback voltage and a feedback current obtained from an inverter 17 by a motor feedback circuit 18, a driving circuit 16 generates a driving pulse according to the driving control signal and driving voltages output by the lower arm driving power supply 13 and the upper arm driving power supply 14, and the inverter 17 is controlled to convert the high-voltage dc power output by the high-voltage end 10 into ac power to operate the driving.
When the electric automobile breaks down, such as power failure of the low-voltage battery, in order to ensure safety, the low-voltage power supply for motor control still needs to be ensured, and the motor 2 is actively short-circuited to be quickly stopped, so that the safety of the automobile is improved and the automobile controller is protected. To achieve a fast shutdown in case of a fault, active short-circuit protection energy is currently provided mainly by providing a backup power supply 19, as shown in fig. 1. When the electric automobile fails, the backup power supply 19 directly outputs a high level to the control end of the switch tube in the inverter 17, so that the switch tube of the upper bridge or the lower bridge of the inverter 17 is normally open; the output of the backup power supply 19 may be supplied to the drive circuit 16, and the drive circuit 16 may normally open the switching tubes of the upper bridge or the lower bridge of the inverter 17.
Because the driving power supply of the motor driver is realized by two power supplies, common cause failure of the two power supplies is avoided, the requirement of functional safety is met, an additional high-voltage DC/DC power supply is needed to be designed to ensure control power utilization, and an active short circuit function is realized through a motor controller, so that the problems of large power supply use quantity, high cost, large size and the like of the conventional driving power supply are caused.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The embodiment of the utility model provides a technical problem that solves lies in, uses in large quantity, with high costs, bulky scheduling problem to power among above-mentioned motor drive's the drive power supply technical scheme, provides a motor drive system, motor drive and electric automobile.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a solve above-mentioned technical problem's technical scheme is, provide a motor drive system, including high-pressure backup power, machine controller, drive circuit, first voltage detecting element, low voltage power supply and by the drive power supply of low voltage power supply, wherein:
the driving circuit comprises a first driving unit and a second driving unit, wherein the first driving unit is used for outputting driving voltage to an upper arm switching tube of the inverter, and the second driving unit is used for outputting driving voltage to a lower arm switching tube of the inverter;
the driving power supply generates two paths of driving voltages and outputs the driving voltages through a first voltage output port and a second voltage output port respectively, and the first voltage output port is connected to the first driving unit; the second voltage output port and the first output port of the high-voltage backup power supply are respectively connected to a second driving unit through a first selection unit, and the first selection unit switches the second driving unit to be supplied with power from the first output port of the high-voltage backup power supply when the second voltage output port is abnormal.
In the motor driving system according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first selection unit includes a first diode and a third diode, and an anode of the first diode is connected to the second voltage output port, and a cathode of the first diode is connected to the second driving unit, and an anode of the third diode is connected to the first output port of the high voltage backup power supply, and a cathode of the third diode is connected to the cathode of the first diode; the motor controller comprises a first voltage detection unit used for detecting the anode voltage of the first diode, and when the voltage detected by the first voltage detection unit is smaller than a first preset value, the motor controller outputs an active short-circuit protection control signal to the driving circuit.
In the motor driving system according to the embodiment of the present invention, the high-voltage backup power supply further includes a second output port, the second output port is connected to the low-voltage power supply via a second selection unit, and the second selection unit is in the low-voltage power supply is abnormal, the driving power supply is switched to the second output port of the high-voltage backup power supply.
In the motor driving system according to an embodiment of the present invention, the second selection unit includes a second diode and a fourth diode, and an anode of the second diode is connected to the second output port, and a cathode of the second diode is connected to the driving power supply, an anode of the fourth diode is connected to the output port of the low voltage power supply, and a cathode of the fourth diode is connected to a cathode of the second diode; the motor controller comprises a second voltage detection unit for detecting the anode voltage of the second diode, and when the voltage detected by the second voltage detection unit is smaller than a second preset value, the motor controller outputs an active short-circuit protection control signal to the driving circuit.
The utility model discloses motor drive system in the low voltage power supply is normal, the output voltage of low voltage power supply is greater than the output voltage of the second output port of high pressure backup power supply.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an among the motor drive system, high pressure backup power include high voltage battery and by the high pressure isolation power of high voltage battery power supply, low voltage power supply includes low voltage battery.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a still provide a motor driver, motor driver includes foretell motor drive system.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an electric automobile is still provided, electric automobile includes foretell motor drive.
The utility model discloses motor drive system, motor driver and electric automobile can generate two way drive voltage's drive power supply through the setting to the supply voltage of real-time detection drive power supply output, when supply voltage is unusual, switch over the power supply route, motor controller sends initiative short-circuit signal simultaneously, and quick accurate control motor realizes initiative short-circuit protection. Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the utility model provides a motor drive system circuit is simple, guarantees under the same function safety condition to a drive power supply has replaced two drive power supply in the current scheme, and reduce cost reduces and accounts for PCB board area. Furthermore, the embodiment of the utility model provides an adopted high voltage isolation power simple structure increases less device and can be in drive power supply trouble, or under the condition that low voltage battery broke down, gets into the ASC mode fast, and guarantee electric automobile traveles and motor driver safety.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art motor drive;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a motor drive system according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a motor driver according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly understood, the embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the embodiments. It should be understood that the description herein of specific embodiments is intended to be illustrative of the embodiments of the invention and is not intended to limit the embodiments of the invention.
As shown in fig. 2, it is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the motor driving system of the present invention, the motor driving system can be applied to occasions such as electric vehicles, and can perform active short-circuit protection on the motor when the power supply fault of the low-voltage battery of the motor occurs. The motor driving system of the present embodiment includes a high-voltage backup power supply 21, a motor controller 22, a driving circuit 23, a first voltage detection unit 24, a second voltage detection unit 29, a low-voltage power supply 25, and a driving power supply 26 supplied by the low-voltage power supply, and in practical applications, the driving circuit 23, the first voltage detection unit 24, the second voltage detection unit 29, and the driving power supply 26 may be integrated into the motor controller 22. Wherein:
the control signal input terminal of the above-described drive circuit 23 is connected to the motor controller 22, and generates a plurality of drive voltages (i.e., pulse width modulation signals) in accordance with a drive control signal from the motor controller 22. Specifically, the driving circuit 23 includes a first driving unit 231 and a second driving unit 232, and the first driving unit 231 includes a plurality of output terminals, and is connected to the control terminals of the plurality of upper arm switching tubes of the inverter through the plurality of output terminals, respectively; the second driving unit 232 also includes a plurality of output ends, and is respectively connected to the control ends of the plurality of lower bridge arm switching tubes of the inverter through the plurality of output ends. Of course, in practical applications, the output terminals of the first driving unit 231 may be connected to the control terminals of the lower arm switches, and the output terminals of the second driving unit 232 may be connected to the control terminals of the upper arm switches.
The driving power source 26 generates two driving voltages and outputs the driving voltages through the first voltage output port 261 and the second voltage output port 262, respectively, and the first voltage output port 261 is connected to the first driving unit 231 to supply power to the first driving unit 231. The second voltage output port 262 and the first output port of the high voltage backup power supply 21 are connected to the second driving unit 232 via the first selection unit 27 to supply power to the second driving unit 232, and the first selection unit 27 switches the second driving unit 232 to supply power from the first output port of the high voltage backup power supply 21 when the second voltage output port 262 is abnormal. Specifically, the high-voltage backup power supply 21 takes power from the high-voltage battery as a backup power supply for the second driving unit 232, so as to ensure normal power supply of the driving circuit 23, and the output voltage of the first output port of the high-voltage backup power supply 21 is slightly lower than that of the low-voltage battery. Wherein, the first selection unit 27 includes a first diode and a third diode, and the anode of the first diode is connected to the second voltage output port, and the cathode of the first diode is connected to the second driving unit 232, and the anode of the third diode is connected to the first output port of the high voltage backup power supply 21, and the cathode of the third diode is connected to the cathode of the first diode; the first voltage detection unit 24 is configured to detect an anode voltage of the first diode, and the motor controller 22 outputs an active short-circuit protection control signal to the driving circuit 23 when the voltage detected by the first voltage detection unit 24 is smaller than a first preset value, so as to control the motor to realize active short-circuit. Specifically, when the output of the second voltage output port 262 of the driving power supply 26 is normal, the third diode is turned off in the reverse direction, the first diode is turned on, and the second voltage output port 262 of the driving power supply 26 supplies power to the second driving unit 232; when the output of the second voltage output port 262 of the driving power supply 26 is abnormal, such as unexpected power failure or short circuit of the output, the third diode is turned on, the first diode is turned off in the reverse direction, and the driving power supply 26 is switched to be supplied with power from the first output port of the high-voltage backup power supply 21.
Further, the high-voltage backup power supply 21 further includes a second output port, the second output port and the low-voltage power supply 25 are connected to the driving power supply 26 via a second selection unit 28, and the second selection unit 28 switches the driving power supply 26 to be supplied with power from the second output port of the high-voltage backup power supply 21 when the low-voltage power supply 25 is abnormal. Specifically, the second selection unit 28 causes the drive power supply 26 to be supplied with power from the low-voltage power supply 25 when the above-mentioned low-voltage power supply 25 is normal, and the second selection unit 28 causes the drive power supply 26 to be supplied with power from the second output port of the high-voltage backup power supply 21 when the low-voltage power supply 25 is abnormal. In addition, when the low voltage power supply 25 supplies power normally, the output voltage of the low voltage power supply 25 is greater than the output voltage of the second output port of the high voltage backup power supply 21. The second selection unit 28 includes a second diode and a fourth diode, an anode of the second diode is connected to the second output port, a cathode of the second diode is connected to the driving power supply 26, an anode of the fourth diode is connected to the output port of the low voltage power supply 25, and a cathode of the fourth diode is connected to the cathode of the second diode; the second voltage detection unit 29 is configured to detect an anode voltage of the second diode, and the motor controller 22 outputs an active short-circuit protection control signal to the driving circuit 23 when the voltage detected by the second voltage detection unit is smaller than a second preset value, so as to control the motor to realize active short-circuit.
Further, the high-voltage backup power supply 21 includes a high-voltage battery and a high-voltage isolated power supply supplied by the high-voltage battery, and the low-voltage power supply 25 includes a low-voltage battery. Normally, the drive power supply 26 is powered by a low voltage battery, and when the output is accidentally powered down or shorted, the high voltage isolation power supply provides power to the drive power supply 26.
The motor driving system is simple in circuit, and under the condition that the same function safety is guaranteed, two driving power supplies in the existing scheme are replaced by one driving power supply, so that the cost is reduced, and the occupied area of a PCB is reduced. In addition, the circuit structure of the high-voltage isolation power supply is simple, fewer devices are added, the ASC mode can be quickly started under the condition that the driving power supply fails or the low-voltage battery fails, and the running of the electric automobile and the safety of a motor driver are guaranteed.
As shown in fig. 3, it is a schematic diagram of a motor driver according to an embodiment of the present invention. The motor driver comprises a driving system, wherein the driving system comprises a high-voltage isolation power supply 31, a motor controller 32, a driving circuit 33, a low-voltage battery 35, a driving power supply 36 supplied with power by the low-voltage battery 35, a first diode D1 and a third diode D3, the driving circuit 33 comprises a first driving unit and a second driving unit, and the driving power supply 36 comprises a first voltage output port and a second voltage output port. The anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the second voltage output port, the cathode is connected to the second driving unit, the first output port of the high voltage isolation power supply 31 is connected to the cathode of a first diode D1; the anode of the third diode D3 is connected to the first output port of the high voltage isolation power supply 31, and the cathode of the third diode D3 is connected to the cathode of the first diode D1; the motor controller 32 includes a first voltage detection unit for detecting an anode voltage of the first diode D1, and when the voltage detected by the first voltage detection unit 34 is smaller than a first preset value, the motor controller 32 outputs an active short-circuit protection control signal to the driving circuit 33, so as to control the motor to realize active short-circuit. The driving power supply 38 in the motor driver replaces two driving power supplies in the prior art with one driving power supply, so that the cost is reduced, and the occupied area of a PCB is reduced.
In the above embodiment, the high voltage isolated power supply 31 further includes a second output port, the second output port and the low voltage power supply 35 are connected to the driving power supply 36 via a first diode D2, and the first diode D1 switches the driving power supply 36 to be supplied with power from the second output port of the high voltage backup power supply 31 when the low voltage power supply 35 is abnormal.
Further, the driving system comprises a second diode D2 and a fourth diode D4, and the anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the second output port, the cathode is connected to the driving power supply 36, the output port of the low voltage power supply 35 is connected to the cathode of the second diode D2; an anode of the fourth diode D4 is connected to an output port of a low voltage power source 35, and a cathode of the fourth diode D4 is connected to a cathode of the second diode D2; the motor controller 32 includes a second voltage detection unit for detecting an anode voltage of the second diode D2, and when the voltage detected by the second voltage detection unit is smaller than a second preset value, the motor controller 32 outputs an active short-circuit protection control signal to the driving circuit 33 to control the motor to realize active short-circuit.
Specifically, the high-voltage isolation power supply 31 takes power through a high-voltage battery power supply and outputs two paths of driving voltages. The first output port of the high voltage isolation power supply 31 is connected to the cathode of the D1 through a diode D3, and the output voltage is slightly lower than the output voltage of the second voltage output port of the driving power supply 36. When the output of the second voltage output port is normal, the diode D1 is conducted, and the diode D3 is reversely cut off; when the output of the second voltage output port is accidentally powered off or short-circuited, the diode D3 is turned on, the diode D1 is turned off in the reverse direction, the output power of the second driving unit is provided by the second output port of the high-voltage isolation power supply 31, and meanwhile, the motor controller sends an active short-circuit signal to control the motor to realize active short-circuit. The second output port of the high-voltage isolation power supply 31 is connected to the input end of the power management module through a diode D2, and serves as a backup power supply for the whole low-voltage system (including the motor controller 32 and the driving power supply 36), and the output voltage is slightly lower than that of the low-voltage battery 35. When the low-voltage battery 35 works normally, the diode D4 is switched on, the diode D2 is switched off in the reverse direction, and the motor controller 32 and the driving power supply 36 are powered by the low-voltage battery 35; when the power supply of the low-voltage battery 35 fails, the diode D2 is turned on, the diode D4 is turned off in the reverse direction, the high-voltage isolation power supply 31 supplies power to the low-voltage system, and meanwhile, the motor controller 32 sends an active short-circuit signal to control the motor to realize active short-circuit.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned driving system can be integrated into the motor driver, or can be implemented by a separate hardware.
The high-voltage isolation power supply adopted by the motor driver is simple in structure, and the ASC mode can be quickly entered when the driving power supply fails or the low-voltage battery fails by adding fewer devices at the second output port of the high-voltage isolation power supply, so that the driving of the electric automobile and the safety of the motor driver are guaranteed.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an electric automobile is still provided, including the motor drive in the corresponding embodiment in above-mentioned figure 3. Since the electric vehicle in this embodiment and the motor driver in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 3 belong to the same concept, specific implementation processes of the electric vehicle are detailed in the corresponding motor driver embodiment, and technical features in the motor driver embodiment are all applicable in this embodiment, which is not described herein again.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are all covered by the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a motor drive system, its characterized in that includes high-pressure backup power supply, motor controller, drive circuit, first voltage detecting element, low voltage power supply and by the drive power supply of low voltage power supply, wherein:
the driving circuit comprises a first driving unit and a second driving unit, wherein the first driving unit is used for outputting driving voltage to an upper arm switching tube of the inverter, and the second driving unit is used for outputting driving voltage to a lower arm switching tube of the inverter;
the driving power supply generates two paths of driving voltages and outputs the driving voltages through a first voltage output port and a second voltage output port respectively, and the first voltage output port is connected to the first driving unit; the second voltage output port and the first output port of the high-voltage backup power supply are respectively connected to the second driving unit through a first selection unit, and the first selection unit switches the second driving unit to be supplied with power from the first output port of the high-voltage backup power supply when the second voltage output port is abnormal.
2. The motor drive system according to claim 1, wherein the first selection unit includes a first diode and a third diode, and an anode of the first diode is connected to the second voltage output port, a cathode of the first diode is connected to the second drive unit, an anode of the third diode is connected to the first output port of the high voltage backup power supply, and a cathode of the third diode is connected to the cathode of the first diode; the motor controller comprises a first voltage detection unit used for detecting the anode voltage of the first diode, and when the voltage detected by the first voltage detection unit is smaller than a first preset value, the motor controller outputs an active short-circuit protection control signal to the driving circuit.
3. A motor drive system according to claim 1, wherein the high-voltage backup power supply further includes a second output port, the second output port and the low-voltage power supply are connected to the drive power supply via a second selection unit, respectively, and the second selection unit switches the drive power supply to be supplied with power from the second output port of the high-voltage backup power supply when the low-voltage power supply is abnormal.
4. The motor drive system according to claim 3, wherein the second selection unit includes a second diode and a fourth diode, and an anode of the second diode is connected to the second output port, and a cathode thereof is connected to the drive power supply, and an anode thereof is connected to an output port of a low-voltage power supply, and a cathode thereof is connected to a cathode thereof; the motor controller comprises a second voltage detection unit for detecting the anode voltage of the second diode, and when the voltage detected by the second voltage detection unit is smaller than a second preset value, the motor controller outputs an active short-circuit protection control signal to the driving circuit.
5. The motor drive system of claim 4, wherein the output voltage of the low voltage power supply is greater than the output voltage of the second output port of the high voltage backup power supply when the low voltage power supply is normally powered.
6. A motor drive system as recited in claim 1, wherein the high voltage backup power supply comprises a high voltage battery and a high voltage isolated power supply powered by the high voltage battery, and the low voltage power supply comprises a low voltage battery.
7. A motor drive, characterized in that it comprises a motor drive system according to any one of claims 1-6.
8. An electric vehicle characterized by comprising the motor driver according to claim 7.
CN201920830415.XU 2019-06-04 2019-06-04 Motor drive system, motor driver and electric automobile Active CN209949004U (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110266245A (en) * 2019-06-04 2019-09-20 苏州汇川联合动力系统有限公司 Motor driven systems, method, motor driver and electric car
CN111267617A (en) * 2020-03-30 2020-06-12 郑州精益达汽车零部件有限公司 Power management system and control method based on five-in-one motor controller
CN111361514A (en) * 2020-03-30 2020-07-03 郑州精益达汽车零部件有限公司 Backup power supply for passenger car
CN111786598A (en) * 2020-06-03 2020-10-16 华为技术有限公司 Motor control device and motor control method
CN113422347A (en) * 2020-03-17 2021-09-21 比亚迪股份有限公司 Motor control system and vehicle

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110266245A (en) * 2019-06-04 2019-09-20 苏州汇川联合动力系统有限公司 Motor driven systems, method, motor driver and electric car
CN113422347A (en) * 2020-03-17 2021-09-21 比亚迪股份有限公司 Motor control system and vehicle
CN113422347B (en) * 2020-03-17 2023-03-14 比亚迪股份有限公司 Motor control system and vehicle
CN111267617A (en) * 2020-03-30 2020-06-12 郑州精益达汽车零部件有限公司 Power management system and control method based on five-in-one motor controller
CN111361514A (en) * 2020-03-30 2020-07-03 郑州精益达汽车零部件有限公司 Backup power supply for passenger car
CN111786598A (en) * 2020-06-03 2020-10-16 华为技术有限公司 Motor control device and motor control method

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Address after: 215000 52 tianedang Road, Yuexi, Wuzhong District, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province

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