CN209944795U - Magnetic refrigerating device - Google Patents
Magnetic refrigerating device Download PDFInfo
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- CN209944795U CN209944795U CN201920661169.XU CN201920661169U CN209944795U CN 209944795 U CN209944795 U CN 209944795U CN 201920661169 U CN201920661169 U CN 201920661169U CN 209944795 U CN209944795 U CN 209944795U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
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Abstract
The utility model provides a magnetic refrigeration device, it includes: first subassembly (1) and second subassembly (2), second subassembly (2) are the annular subassembly, just first subassembly (1) is located the radial outside or the radial inboard of second subassembly (2), just first subassembly (1) is first magnet subassembly, be provided with the air gap space that can hold magnetic work mass bed (24) on second subassembly (2), first subassembly (1) can with relative pivoted motion is done to second subassembly (2), just the magnetic line of force direction of first magnet subassembly is along the annular the circumferencial direction of second subassembly (2) distributes. Through the utility model discloses can make the radial dimension of second subassembly do great, increase the air gap volume that holds of magnetic working medium bed, increase the volume of magnetic working medium or the actual effective working space of magnet, improve the refrigeration or the heating effect of magnetic refrigerating plant, improve the refrigeration or the heating performance of magnetic refrigerating plant.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the magnetic refrigeration, concretely relates to magnetic refrigeration device.
Background
The utility model relates to a magnetic refrigeration field mainly relates to rotary magnetic refrigerator's magnetic field generating device.
The magnetic refrigeration technology is a solid refrigeration mode based on the magnetocaloric effect, adopts environment-friendly media such as water and the like as heat transfer fluid, has the characteristics of zero GWP, zero ODP, intrinsic high efficiency, low noise, low vibration and the like, and has wider application prospect in the room temperature range compared with the low-temperature field, such as the application in the fields of household refrigerators, air conditioners, medical health care and the like. Therefore, in recent ten years, the research and development of the room temperature magnetic refrigeration technology are generally regarded by all countries in the world, and some achievements for raising the world's advice are obtained.
The magnetic refrigerator mainly comprises five parts: a magnetic field system for generating a variable magnetic field, an active magnetic media bed (for placing magnetocaloric materials, in some patents or documents, the magnetic media bed is also called a regenerator or a regenerator), a cold-hot end heat exchanger, a heat exchange fluid circulation path, and a matched power driving device. The magnetic field system is divided into the following parts according to the working principle: electromagnets, permanent magnets, and superconducting magnets. In order to make room-temperature magnetic refrigeration practical and commercial, permanent magnets are often used in the industry. The permanent magnet magnetic refrigerator is divided into a rotary type and a reciprocating type according to the movement mode, and compared with the reciprocating type magnetic refrigerator, the rotary type is selected for improving the efficiency of the magnetic refrigerator. The rotary magnetic refrigerator is divided into a rotary magnet type and a rotary working medium bed type, and the rotary working medium bed type magnetic refrigerator relates to a dynamic sealing device which is made for solving the problems of mechanical friction loss and fluid leakage of a pipeline winding, so that the rotation of a magnetic field on a static magnetic heating material (working medium bed) is a more effective solution, and a permanent magnetic rotary magnetic refrigerator is preferred.
At present, the magnet used by the permanent magnet rotary magnetic refrigerator is a complex magnet designed by mainly utilizing magnetism gathering ideas such as Halbach rotation theorem, magnetic circuit law and the like from simple parallel magnet arrangement, "C" type magnet and 2D simple rotary magnet, and is mainly divided into: the C-shaped and Halbach (2D) mixed type, the rotating double-layer or multi-layer Halbach (2D) and the permanent magnet array Halbach (3D).
When the C-shaped and Halbach mixed type (2D) magnet system is used for a rotary magnetic refrigerator, the problems that the rotary inertia is large due to the fact that the whole magnet needs to be rotated, the C-shaped air gap is limited in height, the radial expansion of an air gap is insufficient, the expansion of the volume of the air gap is insufficient and the like exist; the double Halbach magnet array and the triple Halbach (2D) array have the limitation that the air gap volume of the central hole is small; the magnetic circuit may be approximated in a two-dimensional manner, and the three-dimensional guidance of the magnetic circuit may result in an increase in the magnetic flux density in a desired direction, such as a permanent magnet array Halbach (3D). However, in most cases, the complexity of such a magnetic circuit makes assembly difficult and costly, which is not commercially viable.
Because the magnetic refrigerating device in the prior art adopts a magnetic force line distribution mode of magnetizing in a radial direction or a magnetic field direction combining the radial direction with other directions, the radial air gap size is limited, the air gap volume is smaller, the accommodating volume of a magnetic working medium is smaller, the refrigerating or heating performance of the magnetic refrigerating device is lower, and the refrigerating or heating performance is influenced; and magnetic field intensity low grade technical problem, consequently the utility model discloses research and design a magnetic refrigeration device.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Therefore, the to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model lies in overcoming the magnetic refrigeration device among the prior art and having radial air gap size limited, make the air gap volume that holds of magnetic medium less, lead to the refrigeration of magnetic refrigeration device or the lower defect of performance of heating to a magnetic refrigeration device is provided.
The utility model provides a magnetic refrigeration device, it includes:
the magnetic field generator comprises a first assembly and a second assembly, wherein the second assembly is an annular assembly, the first assembly is located on the radial outer side or the radial inner side of the second assembly, the first assembly is a first magnet assembly, an air gap space capable of containing a magnetic work mass bed is arranged on the second assembly, the first assembly can move relative to the second assembly in a rotating mode, and the magnetic force line direction of the first magnet assembly is distributed along the annular circumferential direction of the second assembly.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the second assembly is also a second magnet assembly, and the magnetic force line direction of the second assembly is also distributed along the circumferential direction of the annular second assembly.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the magnetic lines of force of the second magnet assembly are connected in series to enclose a closed ring.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the first assembly includes an outer magnet assembly located radially outward of the second assembly and an inner magnet assembly located radially inward of the second assembly.
The outer magnet assembly and the inner magnet assembly correspond to each other, and the angles occupied in the circumferential direction are the same.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the outer magnet assembly comprises a first unit and a second unit which are separated, and the magnetic force lines of the first unit and the magnetic force lines of the second unit are connected in series through the second assembly and form a closed magnetic force line ring.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the inner magnet assembly comprises a third unit and a fourth unit which are separated, and magnetic lines of force of the third unit and magnetic lines of force of the fourth unit are connected in series through the second assembly and form a closed magnetic line ring.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
when the outer magnet assembly comprises a first unit and a second unit which are separated, the first unit and the second unit are connected through a nonmagnetic outer connecting piece;
and/or, when the inner magnet assembly comprises a third unit and a fourth unit which are separated, the third unit and the fourth unit are connected through a nonmagnetic inner connecting piece.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
when the second assembly is also a second magnet assembly, the direction of the magnetic force line of the second assembly, the direction of the magnetic force line of the inner magnet assembly and the direction of the magnetic force line of the outer magnet assembly are all in the same surrounding direction.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the outer magnet assembly further comprises at least one first outer permanent magnet and at least one first outer soft magnet, and the first outer soft magnet is arranged between two adjacent first outer permanent magnets.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the edge of the first outer permanent magnet is also connected with an outer end permanent magnet, and the direction of the magnetic force line of the outer end permanent magnet points to the magnetic work bed or the extension line direction of the magnetic force line passes through the magnetic work bed.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the inner magnet assembly further comprises at least one first inner permanent magnet and at least one first inner soft magnet, and the first inner soft magnet is arranged between two adjacent first inner permanent magnets.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the edge of the first inner permanent magnet is also connected with an inner end permanent magnet, and the direction of the magnetic force line of the inner end permanent magnet points to the magnetic work bed or the extension direction of the magnetic force line passes through the magnetic work bed.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the second assembly further comprises second permanent magnets and second soft magnets, the second soft magnets are arranged between every two adjacent second permanent magnets, pole shoes are further arranged between the second permanent magnets and the magnetic working medium bed, and the pole shoes are made of soft magnetic materials.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the second assembly further comprises a second permanent magnet and second soft magnets, the second permanent magnet is arranged between every two adjacent second soft magnets, pole shoes are further arranged between the second soft magnets and the magnetic working medium bed, and the pole shoes are made of soft magnetic materials.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the pole shoe and the second soft magnet are of an integrally formed structure.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the magnetic work medium beds are more than two, the air gap space is a magnetic gap, and more than one magnetic work medium bed can be placed in one magnetic gap.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the number of the magnetic working medium beds is 4, and the number of the magnetic gaps is 4; or the number of the magnetic working medium beds is 6, and the number of the magnetic gaps is 6.
The utility model provides a pair of magnetic refrigeration device has following beneficial effect:
1. the utility model discloses a set up magnetism work mass bed on annular second subassembly, and set up first subassembly in the radial inboard of second subassembly or the outside, and first subassembly is for having the magnet subassembly that produces magnetic field to through the relative pivoted mode of first subassembly for the second subassembly, can produce the magnetic field of reversal to the magnetism work mass bed on the second subassembly, thereby drive the process of magnetization or demagnetization takes place for the magnetism work mass in the magnetism work mass bed, thereby produce the effect of external heat absorption or heat release, realize the effect that magnetic refrigeration or magnetism heated, and the magnetic line of force direction of first magnet subassembly is along annular the circumferencial direction of second subassembly distributes, effectively stops and has avoided current adoption magnetic line of force direction along in the mode that radial direction or radial other directions combine together, magnetism work mass bed can not do along radial size too big, otherwise can produce magnetic attenuation, The magnetic field intensity is influenced, the size of a radial air gap is limited, the size of the accommodating air gap of the magnetic working medium is small, and the refrigerating or heating performance of the magnetic refrigerating device is low, so that the radial size (particularly the part comprising the magnetic working medium bed) of the second assembly is large, the size of the accommodating air gap of the magnetic working medium bed is increased, the amount of the magnetic working medium or the actual effective working space of a magnet is increased, the refrigerating or heating effect of the magnetic refrigerating device is improved, and the refrigerating or heating performance of the magnetic refrigerating device is improved;
2. the magnetic refrigeration device can effectively improve the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic refrigeration device through a closed magnetic loop formed by connecting the second magnet assemblies in series or a closed magnetic loop formed by connecting the first magnet assemblies in series; the magnetic circuits are gathered and overlapped in the strong magnetic area through the plurality of circumferential annular magnetic circuits, so that the parallel connection function of the magnetic circuits is effectively formed, the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic refrigeration device is further effectively enhanced, and the refrigeration or heating effect of the magnetic refrigeration device is improved;
3. the utility model discloses still through the multilayer basic magnetic circuit that sets up first magnet subassembly and second magnet subassembly and form, make the magnetic field realize assembling and keeping away a plurality of weak magnetic regions in a plurality of strong magnetic regions, the region that the magnetic circuit kept away has formed the weak magnetic region, thereby realized the demagnetization effect to placing the magnetic medium wherein, and the region that the magnetic circuit assembles has formed strong magnetic region, thereby realized the magnetization effect to placing the magnetic medium wherein; the plurality of magnet blocks are provided with a plurality of magnetic gaps, so that the periodic magnetization and demagnetization of the magnetic work medium beds with the plurality of magnetic gaps can be realized at a higher frequency, and the problem of lower frequency of magnetization and demagnetization is solved;
4. the utility model also can realize the magnetic field guidance of the magnetizing area, namely the strong magnetic area, by arranging the end permanent magnet, so that the magnetic force lines are gathered in the strong magnetic area, thereby realizing that the direction of the magnetic force lines enters the strong magnetic area to be gathered and then leaves the strong magnetic area, and strengthening the magnetic field intensity of the strong magnetic area; still through setting up soft magnet or soft magnetic material's pole shoe, can carry out short circuit and direction to magnetic field to have better magnetic screen and demagnetization effect to the magnetism work mass bed that demagnetizes, can also provide good magnetism to the magnetism work mass bed that adds magnetism and switch on the effect, make magnetic field distribution even.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a plan view of a first embodiment of a magnetic refrigeration apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a first embodiment of the magnetic refrigeration unit of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a first magnet assembly in a first embodiment of the magnetic refrigeration apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a second magnet assembly in the first embodiment of the magnetic refrigeration apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a first magnet assembly rotating 360 ° during one cycle of the first embodiment of the magnetic refrigeration unit of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a cloud of magnetic fields generated by the first embodiment of the magnetic refrigeration unit of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a vector diagram of magnetic induction intensity of the first embodiment of the magnetic refrigeration apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a plan view of a second embodiment of the magnetic refrigeration apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a first magnet assembly in a second embodiment of the magnetic refrigeration apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a plan view of a third embodiment of the magnetic refrigeration apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a second magnet assembly in a third embodiment of the magnetic refrigeration apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a plan view of a fourth embodiment of the magnetic refrigeration apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a cloud view of the magnetic field generated by the third and fourth embodiments of the magnetic refrigeration apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a magnetic circuit distribution diagram when the number of air gaps of the magnetic refrigeration apparatus of the present invention is 4;
fig. 15 is a magnetic circuit distribution diagram when the number of air gaps of the magnetic refrigeration apparatus of the present invention is 6;
fig. 16 is a magnetic circuit distribution diagram when the number of air gaps of the magnetic refrigeration apparatus of the present invention is 8;
fig. 17 is a plan view of a fifth embodiment of the magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to the present invention;
fig. 18 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a fifth embodiment of the magnetic refrigeration apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 19 is a magnetic field cloud diagram generated by the fifth embodiment of the magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures denote:
1. a first component; 11. an outer magnet assembly; 11a, a first unit; 11b, a second unit; 110. an outer end permanent magnet; 111. a first outer soft magnet; 112. a first outer permanent magnet; 114. a non-magnetic outer connector; 12. an inner magnet assembly; 12a, a third unit; 12b, a fourth unit; 120. an inner end permanent magnet; 121. a first inner soft magnet; 122. a first inner permanent magnet; 124. a nonmagnetic inner connecting member; 2. a second component; 21. a second permanent magnet; 22. a second soft-magnetic body; 23. a pole shoe; 24. a magnetic work bed.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-19, the present invention provides a magnetic refrigeration device, which comprises:
The utility model discloses a set up magnetism work mass bed on annular second subassembly, and set up first subassembly in the radial inboard of second subassembly or the outside, and first subassembly is for having the magnet subassembly that produces magnetic field to through the relative pivoted mode of first subassembly for the second subassembly, can produce the magnetic field of reversal to the magnetism work mass bed on the second subassembly, thereby drive the process of magnetization or demagnetization takes place for the magnetism work mass in the magnetism work mass bed, thereby produce the effect of external heat absorption or heat release, realize the effect that magnetic refrigeration or magnetism heated, and the magnetic line of force direction of first magnet subassembly is along annular the circumferencial direction of second subassembly distributes, effectively stops and has avoided current adoption magnetic line of force direction along in the mode that radial direction or radial other directions combine together, magnetism work mass bed can not do along radial size too big, otherwise can produce magnetic attenuation, The magnetic field intensity is influenced, the size of a radial air gap is limited, the size of the accommodating air gap of the magnetic working medium is small, and the refrigerating or heating performance of the magnetic refrigerating device is low, the radial size of the second assembly (particularly the part comprising the magnetic working medium bed is large, the magnetic field is seriously attenuated if the radial size is large because the existing magnetic force lines are distributed along the radial direction) is large, the size of the accommodating air gap of the magnetic working medium bed is increased, the amount of the magnetic working medium or the actual effective working space of a magnet is increased, the refrigerating or heating effect of the magnetic refrigerating device is improved, and the refrigerating or heating performance of the magnetic refrigerating device is improved.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the second assembly 2 is also a second magnet assembly, and the magnetic force line direction of the second assembly is also distributed along the circumferential direction of the circular second assembly 2. The magnetic force line direction of the second magnet component is distributed along the circumferential direction of the annular second component, the defects that the radial size of the magnetic working medium bed cannot be too large in the conventional mode of combining the magnetic force line direction along the radial direction or along the radial direction plus other directions, otherwise, magnetic attenuation and magnetic field intensity are generated, the radial size of the air gap is limited, the volume of the air gap for accommodating the magnetic working medium is small, and the refrigerating or heating performance of the magnetic refrigerating device is low are overcome, the radial size of the second component (particularly the radial size of the magnetic working medium bed, the magnetic field is seriously attenuated if the radial size is large due to the fact that the existing magnetic force lines are distributed along the radial direction), the volume of the air gap for accommodating the magnetic working medium bed is increased, the quantity of the magnetic working medium or the actual effective working space of the magnet is increased, and the refrigerating or heating effect of the magnetic refrigerating device is improved, the refrigerating or heating performance of the magnetic refrigerating device is improved.
First embodiment
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the first embodiment is described, and the magnet of the first embodiment has 4 magnetic gaps (i.e., air gap spaces), and the basic principle of the magnetic circuit thereof can be described with reference to fig. 14.
As shown in fig. 1, the magnetic field system is composed of two magnet assemblies, a first assembly 1 and a second assembly 2; the first assembly 1 consists of 2 first magnet assembly units, the 2 first magnet assembly units being preferably arranged uniformly over 360 °; FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the first embodiment, seen with 4 magnetic gaps, for placement of a magnetic media bed 24.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the magnetic lines of force of the second magnet assembly are connected in series to enclose a closed ring. The closed magnetic loop formed by the series connection of the second magnet assemblies can effectively improve the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic refrigeration device.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the first assembly 1 comprises an outer magnet assembly 11 located radially outwardly of the second assembly 2 and an inner magnet assembly 12 located radially inwardly of the second assembly 2. The formed multilayer basic magnetic circuit enables a magnetic field to converge in a plurality of strong magnetic areas and avoid the plurality of weak magnetic areas, the areas avoided by the magnetic circuit form weak magnetic areas, so that the demagnetization effect on the magnetic working medium placed in the magnetic circuit is realized, and the areas converged by the magnetic circuit form strong magnetic areas, so that the magnetization effect on the magnetic working medium placed in the magnetic circuit is realized; and the plurality of circumferential annular magnetic circuits are gathered and overlapped in the strong magnetic area, so that the parallel connection function of the magnetic loops is effectively formed, the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic refrigeration device is further effectively enhanced, and the refrigeration or heating effect of the magnetic refrigeration device is improved.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the outer magnet assemblies and the inner magnet assemblies correspond to each other, and the angles occupied in the circumferential direction are basically the same or the angles are overlapped, namely, the inner magnet assemblies and the corresponding outer magnet assemblies are separated into units at the magnetic gaps.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the outer magnet assembly 11 comprises a first unit 11a and a second unit 11b which are separated, and the magnetic force lines of the first unit 11a and the magnetic force lines of the second unit 11b are connected in series through the second assembly 2 to form a closed magnetic force line ring. The outer magnet assembly is separated from the first unit and the second unit, and is connected with the second assembly at a separated position, and the magnetic lines of force of the first unit and the second unit can be connected in series through the second assembly to form a closed magnetic loop, so that the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic refrigerating device can be further effectively improved.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the inner magnet assembly 12 comprises a third unit 12a and a fourth unit 12b which are separated, and the magnetic force lines of the third unit 12a and the magnetic force lines of the fourth unit 12b are connected in series through the second assembly 2 to form a closed magnetic force line ring. The inner magnet assembly is separated from the third unit and the fourth unit, and is connected with the second assembly at a separated position, and the magnetic lines of force of the third unit and the fourth unit can be connected in series through the second assembly to form a closed magnetic loop, so that the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic refrigerating device can be further effectively improved.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
when the outer magnet assembly 11 comprises a first unit 11a and a second unit 11b which are separated, the first unit and the second unit are connected through a non-magnetic outer connecting piece 114;
and/or, when the inner magnet assembly 12 includes a third unit 12a and a fourth unit 12b that are spaced apart, the third unit and the fourth unit are connected by a nonmagnetic inner connector 124.
The first unit and the second unit can be connected together through the nonmagnetic outer connecting piece but cannot conduct magnetism, the connecting piece is usually made of nonmagnetic or nonmagnetic plastic, aluminum alloy and other materials, and the third unit and the fourth unit can be connected together through the nonmagnetic inner connecting piece but cannot conduct magnetism.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
when the second assembly 2 is also a second magnet assembly, the magnetic line direction of the second assembly 2, the magnetic line direction of the inner magnet assembly 12, and the magnetic line direction of the outer magnet assembly 11 are all the same surrounding direction. Therefore, the direction of the magnetic force lines of the inner magnet assembly, the direction of the magnetic force lines of the outer magnet assembly and the direction of the magnetic force lines of the second magnet assembly extend along the same direction, so that a plurality of parallel magnetic force lines are formed, the strength of a magnetic field is effectively enhanced, and the refrigerating and heating capacities of the magnetic refrigerating device are improved.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the outer magnet assembly 11 further comprises at least one first outer permanent magnet 112 and at least one first outer soft magnet 111, wherein the first outer soft magnet 111 is arranged between two adjacent first outer permanent magnets 112. This is the utility model discloses an outer magnet subassembly's preferred structural style, through the mode that first outer permanent magnet and first outer soft magnet combined together, through setting up soft magnet or soft magnetic material's pole shoe, can carry out short circuit and direction to magnetic field to have better magnetic screen and demagnetization effect to the magnetism work mass bed that demagnetizes, can also provide good magnetism to the magnetism work mass bed that magnetizes and switch on the effect, make magnetic field distribution even, and the soft magnet cost is lower.
As shown in fig. 3, a first assembly 1 is provided, the first assembly 1 is composed of an outer magnet assembly 11 and an inner magnet assembly 12, wherein the inner magnet assembly 12 and the outer magnet assembly 11 are fixed in relative position; the inner magnet assembly 12 is preferably constructed of a block of permanent magnet material and a soft magnetic material, and the outer magnet assembly 11 is also preferably constructed of a permanent magnet material and a soft magnetic material; the permanent magnet material forms a magnetic field in a certain direction, which is a source of the magnetic field and is also indispensable. The use of soft magnetic materials with lower cost instead of part of permanent magnetic materials can reduce the cost, and in addition, the soft magnetic materials with better magnetic conduction effect can form magnetic shielding at the part close to the demagnetizing area magnetic work bed 24, thereby having better demagnetizing effect on the demagnetized magnetic work bed 24. As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the arrow-shaped part is made of permanent magnetic material, the arrow direction indicates the magnetizing direction, and the shaded part is made of soft magnetic material. Wherein the permanent magnetic material includes but is not limited to neodymium iron boron, and the soft magnetic material can be electrician pure iron, low carbon steel, etc.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the edge of the first outer permanent magnet 112 is also connected with an outer end permanent magnet 110, and the direction of the magnetic force line of the outer end permanent magnet 110 points to the magnetic work bed 24 or the extension direction of the magnetic force line passes through the magnetic work bed 24. Through the setting of tip permanent magnet, can realize adding the magnetic field direction in magnetism region also be strong magnetism region for the magnetic force line assembles in strong magnetism region (the position of adding magnetism to magnetic work bed promptly, two magnetic work bed's positions about when like 0 degree in fig. 5), thereby realizes that the magnetic force line direction gets into strong magnetism region and assembles and leave strong magnetism region again, can strengthen the magnetic field intensity in strong magnetism region like this.
The outer magnet assembly 11 is composed of an outer end permanent magnet 110, a first outer permanent magnet 112 and a first outer soft magnet 111, wherein the first outer soft magnet 111 is arranged between the two outer permanent magnets, and the outer end permanent magnets 110 are respectively arranged at two ends of the two outer permanent magnets. Likewise, the inner magnet assembly 12 is composed of two first inner permanent magnets 122 with a first inner soft magnet 121 therebetween and inner end permanent magnets 120 at both ends thereof. The inner end part permanent magnet and the outer end part permanent magnet are mainly used for realizing the magnetic field guiding of a magnetizing area, namely a strong magnetic area, so that magnetic lines of force are converged in the strong magnetic area, certain magnetizing directions point to the strong magnetic area, certain magnetizing directions leave from the strong magnetic area, the magnetic lines of force enter the strong magnetic area to be converged and then leave the strong magnetic area, and the magnetic field intensity of the strong magnetic area can be enhanced. The magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets in the inner magnet assembly unit and the outer magnet assembly unit are consistent, so that the formed inner magnetic circuit and the formed outer magnetic circuit are kept consistent in the clockwise direction or the anticlockwise direction, the magnetic circuit directions of the first magnet assembly units are also kept consistent in the clockwise direction or the anticlockwise direction, and therefore the two first magnet assembly units form important components of a ring-shaped magnetic circuit in the clockwise direction or the anticlockwise direction.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the inner magnet assembly 12 further comprises at least one first inner permanent magnet 122 and at least one first inner soft magnet 121, the first inner soft magnet 121 being arranged between two adjacent first inner permanent magnets 122. This is the utility model discloses an interior magnet subassembly's preferred structural style, through the mode that first interior permanent magnet and first interior soft magnet combined together, through setting up soft magnet or soft magnetic material's pole shoe, can carry out short circuit and direction to magnetic field to have better magnetic screen and demagnetization effect to the magnetism work mass bed that demagnetizes, can also provide good magnetism to the magnetism work mass bed that magnetizes and switch on the effect, make magnetic field distribution even, and the soft magnet cost is lower.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the edge of the first inner permanent magnet 122 is further connected with an inner end permanent magnet 120, and the direction of the magnetic line of the inner end permanent magnet 120 points to the magnetic work bed 24 or the extension direction of the magnetic line of the magnetic work bed 24 passes through the magnetic work bed 24. Through the setting of tip permanent magnet, can realize adding the magnetic field direction in magnetism region also be strong magnetism region for the magnetic force line assembles in strong magnetism region (the position of adding magnetism to magnetic work bed promptly, two magnetic work bed's positions about when like 0 degree in fig. 5), thereby realizes that the magnetic force line direction gets into strong magnetism region and assembles and leave strong magnetism region again, can strengthen the magnetic field intensity in strong magnetism region like this.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the second assembly 2 further comprises second permanent magnets 21 and second soft magnets 22, the second soft magnets 22 are arranged between every two adjacent second permanent magnets 21, pole shoes 23 are further arranged between the second permanent magnets 21 and the magnetic working medium bed 24, and the pole shoes 23 are made of soft magnetic materials. This is the utility model discloses a preferred structural style of second magnet subassembly (first, second embodiment, see fig. 1-9), through the mode that second permanent magnet and second soft magnet combined together, through setting up soft magnet or soft magnetic material's pole shoe, can carry out short circuit and direction to magnetic field to have better magnetic screen and demagnetization effect to the magnetism work mass bed that demagnetizes, can also provide good magnetism to the magnetism work mass bed that magnetizes and switch on the effect, make magnetic field distribution even, and the soft magnet cost is lower.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the second assembly 2 further comprises a second permanent magnet 21 and second soft magnets 22, the second permanent magnet 21 is arranged between every two adjacent second soft magnets 22, pole shoes 23 are further arranged between the second soft magnets 22 and the magnetic working medium bed 24, and the pole shoes 23 are made of soft magnetic materials. This is the utility model discloses a preferred structural style of second magnet subassembly (third embodiment, see fig. 10-11), through the mode that second permanent magnet and second soft magnet combined together, through the pole shoe that sets up soft magnet or soft magnetic material, can carry out short circuit and direction to magnetic field to have better magnetic screen and demagnetization effect to the magnetism work mass bed that demagnetizes, can also provide good magnetism to the magnetism work mass bed that magnetizes and switch on the effect, make magnetic field distribution even, and soft magnet cost is lower. Preferably, said pole piece 23 and said second soft-magnet 22 are of an integrally formed structure.
As shown in fig. 4, the second assembly 2 is composed of 4 second magnet assembly units, and the 4 second magnet assembly units are preferably uniformly arranged in 360 degrees; the second magnet assembly unit is preferably formed by a second permanent magnet 21 and a second soft magnet 22, and pole shoes 23 formed of soft magnetic material are preferably arranged at both ends of the second magnet assembly unit. As shown in fig. 4, each second magnet assembly unit is composed of two permanent magnets with a second soft-magnetic body 22 in between and pole shoes 23 at both ends.
The magnetizing directions of the second permanent magnets 21 in the second magnet assembly units are kept consistent in a clockwise direction or a counterclockwise direction, so that the magnetic circuit directions of the second magnet assembly units are formed, the magnetic circuit direction of each second magnet assembly unit is kept consistent in a clockwise direction or a counterclockwise direction, and therefore 4 second magnet assembly units form important components of a circular magnetic circuit in a clockwise direction or a counterclockwise direction; 4 gaps are formed between every two of the 4 second magnet assemblies, the gaps form air gap volumes, each air gap volume can be provided with one magnetic work medium bed 24, and the magnetic work medium beds 24 rotate synchronously with the second magnet assemblies 2 when the second magnet assemblies rotate; when the second magnet assembly is stationary, the magnetic work mass bed 24 remains stationary, that is, the magnetic work mass bed 24 remains in a fixed relative position to the second assembly 2.
The first assembly 1 and the second assembly 2 are coaxially arranged, and the size of the second assembly 2 satisfies the rotating motion area between the outer magnet assembly 11 and the inner magnet assembly 12 in the first assembly 1; the direction of a circular magnetic circuit formed by the first magnet assembly unit and the direction of a circular magnetic circuit formed by the second magnet assembly are kept consistent clockwise or anticlockwise, so that superposition of magnetic circuits is formed; the rotation modes are divided into three types: the first component 1 is fixed, and the second component 2 rotates; the first component 1 rotates, and the second component 2 is fixed; both assemblies rotate but at different speeds. That is, only a relative rotational movement of the first magnet assembly and the second magnet assembly is required.
When the first assembly 1 and the second assembly 2 are relatively rotated, 4 magnetic work medium beds 24 can be magnetized and demagnetized correspondingly in a specific time period, wherein 2 magnetic work medium beds 24 are in a demagnetized state while the other 2 magnetic work medium beds 24 are in a magnetized state, and the states of the adjacent magnetic work medium beds 24 are opposite. Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the case where the second module 2 is fixed and the first module 1 is rotated, when the first module 1 is rotated 360 °. As can be seen from fig. 5, for every 90 ° rotation of the first assembly 1, the magnetization and demagnetization transitions of the magnetic work media beds 24 are completed, i.e. two of the magnetic work media beds change from the magnetized state to the demagnetized state and the other two magnetic work media beds change from the demagnetized state to the magnetized state; the rotation of 360 degrees realizes 4 times of magnetization and demagnetization conversion of 4 magnetic work media beds 24. For example, the initial state is a demagnetized state, and for a single magnetic work medium bed, the following process is realized by rotating the rotor by 360 degrees: demagnetization → magnetization → demagnetization, it can be seen that 4 magnetization and demagnetization conversions are realized, and the other three magnetic work beds have the same principle, so that 4 magnetization and demagnetization conversions of 4 magnetic work beds are realized every 360 degrees of rotation of the rotor.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the number of the magnetic work media beds 24 is two or more, the air gap space is a magnetic gap, and one or more magnetic work media beds 24 can be placed in one magnetic gap. The utility model discloses a plurality of magnetic gaps (the air gap that holds magnetism work material bed promptly), can realize with higher frequency that it is periodic to add magnetism and demagnetization to a plurality of magnetic gap magnetism work material beds, solved the lower problem of frequency of adding magnetism and demagnetization.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the number of the magnetic working medium beds 24 is 4, and the number of the magnetic gaps is 4; or the number of the magnetic working medium beds 24 is 6, and the number of the magnetic gaps is 6. This is a preferable configuration of the first to fourth embodiments and the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 and 7 are a magnetic field cloud diagram and a magnetic induction vector diagram generated by the first embodiment, respectively; in fig. 6, the light of color indicates the strength of the magnetic field intensity, the darker the color indicates the weaker the magnetic field intensity, and the lighter the color indicates the higher the magnetic field intensity, and it can be seen that in this state, the magnetic field intensity in the regions where the upper and lower magnetic work beds 24 are located is weak, and the state is in a demagnetized state; the magnetic field intensity of the areas where the left and right magnetic work medium beds 24 are located is strong, and the magnetic work medium beds are in a magnetized state. The arrow direction in fig. 7 represents the vector direction of the magnetic induction intensity, and it can be seen that the whole annular magnetic circuit converges in the region where the left and right magnetic work beds 24 are located according to the clockwise direction, and the density of the arrow is high, so as to realize magnetization; in the upper and lower magnetic work beds 24, arrows are almost absent, and a weak magnetic region is realized.
Wherein, the magnetic working medium bed 24 and the second component 2 can be connected into a whole or can be separated.
The magnetic field system formed by the method is cylindrical in shape, the cross section of the magnetic field system can be circular, rectangular, annular or other shapes, the cross section of the air gap comprises but is not limited to rectangular, and the cross section of the magnetic work medium bed determined by the shape of the air gap comprises but is not limited to rectangular. The magnetic field system formed by the method comprises a plurality of air gap areas, each air gap area is used for placing the magnetic working medium bed, and the volume of the air gap area can be changed by changing the column length or the axial height of the magnetic field system.
Second embodiment
As shown in fig. 8 to 9, a second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the first magnet assembly. A second embodiment is shown in fig. 8.
A schematic view of the first magnet assembly of the second embodiment is shown in fig. 9, and the first magnet assembly of the first embodiment is shown in fig. 3; the difference between fig. 3 and 9 is that fig. 9 adds a nonmagnetic inner connector 124 and a nonmagnetic outer connector 114;
third embodiment
Fig. 10 to 11 are used to describe the third embodiment, and the third embodiment shown in fig. 10 is different from the first embodiment shown in fig. 1 in the second magnet assembly.
The second magnet assembly of the third embodiment shown in fig. 11 differs from the second magnet assembly of the first embodiment shown in fig. 4 in that: each second magnet assembly unit in fig. 11 is composed of two second soft magnets 22 and a second permanent magnet 21 in the middle and pole shoes 23 at both ends; the entire second magnet assembly always shares four second permanent magnets 21, while eight second permanent magnets 21 are used in fig. 4. The use of soft magnets instead of permanent magnets can reduce the cost of the magnet system, and the use of soft magnetic materials on both sides of the magnetic work bed is beneficial to the gathering of magnetic circuits and also beneficial to the better magnetic shielding effect of the up-and-down demagnetized magnetic work bed shown in fig. 10-11 during demagnetization, namely, the better demagnetization effect is favorably realized, or the formed weak magnetic area is closer to 0T, and the weakening influence on the magnetic field intensity is smaller, which is the purpose and the advantage of using soft magnets. The second soft-magnet 22 of the second magnet assembly unit may be integrated with the pole piece 23 in the third embodiment.
Fourth embodiment
Fig. 12 is used to describe a fourth embodiment, which is a combination of the first module 1 in the second embodiment and the second module 2 in the third embodiment.
Fig. 13 shows a magnetic field intensity cloud chart generated in the third and fourth embodiments, in which darker portions indicate weaker magnetic field intensity, and lighter portions indicate stronger magnetic field intensity. As can be seen from comparison between fig. 13 and fig. 6, the weak magnetic field generated in the third and fourth embodiments is more effective than that generated in the first and second embodiments, and it can be seen that the regions of the upper and lower magnetic media beds 24 are deeper in fig. 13 than in fig. 6, indicating that the magnetic field is close to 0T. In order to realize periodic switching between the magnetizing and demagnetizing effects in a magnetic refrigerator, the closer the magnetic field strength is to 0T, the better the demagnetization is. Therefore, the third and fourth embodiments are superior to the first and second embodiments.
Fifth embodiment (best mode)
The first to fourth embodiments are all cases of 4 magnetic gaps and 4 magnetic media beds 24, and the main magnetic paths thereof are as shown in fig. 14; according to the idea of the present invention, 6 magnetic media beds are magnetized and demagnetized as shown in fig. 15, thereby forming a fifth embodiment as shown in fig. 17 to 19.
As shown in fig. 17; this embodiment is similar to the third embodiment, with two magnet assemblies: a first component 1 and a second component 2; there are 6 magnetic media beds 24; because the magnetic working medium belongs to a ferromagnetic material, although the magnetic working medium has a certain magnetic conduction effect, the more the number of the magnetic working medium beds is, the more the magnetic field enhancement is, the greater the magnetic working medium material can be placed, the greater the refrigerating effect can be realized, and theoretically, under the condition that the effective space of the air gap of the magnet system is larger, the more the number of the magnetic working medium or the magnetic working medium beds is, the better the magnetic field enhancement is.
The first magnet assembly consists of 3 first magnet assembly units, the 3 first magnet assembly units being preferably evenly arranged over 360 °. The first magnet assembly unit is composed of an inner magnet assembly 12 and an outer magnet assembly 11, wherein the relative positions of the inner magnet assembly 12 and the outer magnet assembly 11 are fixed; the inner magnet assembly 12 is preferably constructed of a block of permanent magnet material and a soft magnetic material, and the outer magnet assembly 11 is also preferably constructed of a permanent magnet material and a soft magnetic material; as shown in fig. 17, the arrow-shaped magnetic material is a permanent magnetic material, the arrow direction indicates the magnetizing direction, and the shaded portion is a soft magnetic material. Wherein the permanent magnetic material includes but is not limited to neodymium iron boron, and the soft magnetic material can be electrician pure iron, low carbon steel, etc.
The outer magnet assembly 11 is composed of an outer end permanent magnet 110, first outer permanent magnets 112 and first outer soft magnets 111, wherein the outer soft magnets 111 are arranged between the two first outer permanent magnets 112, and the outer end permanent magnets 110 are respectively arranged at two ends of the two first outer permanent magnets 112. Likewise, the inner magnet assembly 12 is composed of two first inner permanent magnets 122 with a first inner soft magnet 121 therebetween and inner end permanent magnets 120 at both ends thereof. The magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets in the inner magnet assembly unit and the outer magnet assembly unit are consistent, so that the formed inner magnetic circuit and the formed outer magnetic circuit are kept consistent in the clockwise direction or the anticlockwise direction, the magnetic circuit directions of the first magnet assembly units are also kept consistent in the clockwise direction or the anticlockwise direction, and therefore the two first magnet assembly units form important components of a ring-shaped magnetic circuit in the clockwise direction or the anticlockwise direction.
The second magnet assembly is made up of 6 second magnet assembly units, the 6 second magnet assembly units being arranged preferably uniformly over 360 °. The second magnet assembly unit is preferably made of a block of permanent magnet material and soft magnetic material, and pole shoes 23 made of soft magnetic material are preferably arranged at both ends of the second magnet assembly unit. As shown in fig. 4, each second magnet assembly unit is composed of two second permanent magnets 21 with a second soft-magnetic body 22 in between and pole pieces 23 at both ends.
The magnetizing directions of the second permanent magnets 21 in the second magnet assembly units are kept consistent in a clockwise direction or a counterclockwise direction, so that the magnetic circuit directions of the second magnet assembly units are formed, the magnetic circuit direction of each second magnet assembly unit is kept consistent in a clockwise direction or a counterclockwise direction, and thus 6 second magnet assembly units form important components of a circular magnetic circuit in a clockwise direction or a counterclockwise direction; 6 gaps are formed between every two of the 6 second magnet assemblies, the gaps form air gap volumes, each air gap volume can be provided with one magnetic work medium bed 24, and the magnetic work medium beds 24 rotate synchronously with the second magnet assemblies 2 when the second magnet assemblies rotate; when the second magnet assembly is stationary, the magnetic work mass bed 24 remains stationary, that is, the magnetic work mass bed 24 remains in a fixed relative position to the second magnet assembly.
The first assembly 1 and the second assembly 2 are coaxially arranged, and the angle occupied by each first magnet assembly unit in the circumferential direction is 2 times that occupied by each second magnet unit.
And the second magnet assembly is sized to have a region of rotational motion between the regions of rotational motion of the inner and outer magnet assemblies 11, 12 in the first magnet assembly; the direction of a circular magnetic circuit formed by the first magnet assembly unit and the direction of a circular magnetic circuit formed by the second magnet assembly are kept consistent clockwise or anticlockwise, so that superposition of magnetic circuits is formed;
the rotation modes are divided into three types: the first component 1 is fixed, and the second component 2 rotates; the first component 1 rotates, and the second component 2 is fixed; both assemblies rotate but at different speeds. That is, only a relative rotational movement of the first magnet assembly and the second magnet assembly is required.
When the first assembly 1 and the second assembly 2 are relatively rotated, 6 magnetic work medium beds 24 can be correspondingly magnetized and demagnetized in a specific time period, wherein 3 magnetic work medium beds 24 are in a magnetized state, the other 3 magnetic work medium beds 24 are in a demagnetized state, and the states of the adjacent magnetic work medium beds 24 are opposite.
Fig. 18 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the fifth embodiment. Fig. 19 shows a magnetic field cloud formed by the fifth embodiment, and it can be seen that the rectangular air gap between the second magnet assembly units has 3 demagnetizing regions (where the color is the darkest) and 3 magnetized regions (where the color is lighter), and realizes the periodic magnetization and demagnetization of 6 magnetic work beds 24.
As shown in fig. 14 to 16, according to the magnetic circuit principle and method of the present invention, as shown in fig. 16, the magnetizing and demagnetizing of 8 magnetic work beds can be realized, according to the method of the fifth embodiment with n being 6 air gaps, the magnetizing and demagnetizing of n air gaps can be realized by matching m (m being n/2) first magnet assembly units and n second magnet assembly units, where n being 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 … …, theoretically, under the condition that the effective space of the magnet system air gap is larger, the more the magnetic work media or the number of magnetic work beds are contained, the better the more the magnetic work media or the number of magnetic work beds are, but actually, if the number of magnetic work beds is larger, the more the system pipelines connected thereto are complicated, resulting in the reliability reduction of the magnetic refrigerator.
The specific embodiments of the first and second magnet assemblies in the above embodiments do not fully cover the methods mentioned in the inventive idea, as there may be a plurality of magnet assemblies. Therefore, as long as the utility model is satisfied, the rotating magnetic field system is divided into at least two layers according to the radius, specifically, the system can be divided into a first magnet component and a second magnet component which have relative movement, wherein the second magnet component can be regarded as a layer and forms an annular basic magnetic circuit according to the hour-hand direction; wherein the first magnet assembly radially surrounds the second magnet assembly to form an inner magnet assembly and an outer magnet assembly, respectively, the inner and outer magnet assemblies each comprising at least one layer, the entire first magnet assembly comprising at least one of the inner magnet assembly and the outer magnet assembly, the special case of the least layers being two layers: the first magnet assembly includes only a single layer inner magnet assembly or only a single layer side outer magnet assembly. The above number of layers is mainly distinguished in the radial direction (radius size). Each layer contains the little magnet piece and the soft magnetic material of two at least different directions of magnetizing to form closed loop magnetic circuit, and many basic magnetic circuits that the multilayer formed are assembled and are avoided a plurality of weak magnetism region in a plurality of strong magnetism region realizations, form annular magnetic circuit according to unanimous hour hand direction at last, realize the periodic of a plurality of regions and add the thought of magnetism and demagnetization at the relative rotary motion's of magnet subassembly in-process, all belong to the utility model discloses an in the protection scope.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, as any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention. The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (18)
1. A magnetic refrigeration apparatus characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:
first subassembly (1) and second subassembly (2), second subassembly (2) are the annular subassembly, just first subassembly (1) is located the radial outside or the radial inboard of second subassembly (2), just first subassembly (1) is first magnet subassembly, be provided with the air gap space that can hold magnetic work mass bed (24) on second subassembly (2), first subassembly (1) can with relative pivoted motion is done to second subassembly (2), just the magnetic line of force direction of first magnet subassembly is along the annular the circumferencial direction of second subassembly (2) distributes.
2. A magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
the second assembly (2) is also a second magnet assembly, and the magnetic force line direction of the second assembly is also distributed along the circumferential direction of the annular second assembly (2).
3. A magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 2, wherein:
the magnetic lines of force of the second magnet assembly are connected in series to enclose a closed ring.
4. A magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that:
the first assembly (1) comprises an outer magnet assembly (11) located radially outside the second assembly (2) and an inner magnet assembly (12) located radially inside the second assembly (2).
5. A magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the outer magnet assembly (11) and the inner magnet assembly (12) correspond to each other, and the angles occupied in the circumferential direction are the same.
6. A magnetic refrigeration unit according to claim 5, wherein:
the outer magnet assembly (11) comprises a first unit (11a) and a second unit (11b) which are separated, and the magnetic force lines of the first unit (11a) and the magnetic force lines of the second unit (11b) are connected in series through the second assembly (2) and form a closed magnetic force line loop.
7. A magnetic refrigeration unit according to claim 5, wherein:
the inner magnet assembly (12) comprises a third unit (12a) and a fourth unit (12b) which are separated, and magnetic lines of force of the third unit (12a) and magnetic lines of force of the fourth unit (12b) are connected in series through the second assembly (2) and form a closed magnetic line loop.
8. A magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that:
when the outer magnet assembly (11) comprises a first unit (11a) and a second unit (11b) which are separated, the first unit and the second unit are connected through a nonmagnetic outer connecting piece (114);
and/or, when the inner magnet assembly (12) comprises a third unit (12a) and a fourth unit (12b) which are separated, the third unit and the fourth unit are connected through a nonmagnetic inner connecting piece (124).
9. A magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 4, wherein:
when the second assembly (2) is also a second magnet assembly, the direction of the magnetic force line of the second assembly (2), the direction of the magnetic force line of the inner magnet assembly (12) and the direction of the magnetic force line of the outer magnet assembly (11) are all in the same surrounding direction.
10. A magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 4, wherein:
the outer magnet assembly (11) further comprises at least one first outer permanent magnet (112) and at least one first outer soft magnet (111), and the first outer soft magnet (111) is arranged between two adjacent first outer permanent magnets (112).
11. A magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 10, wherein:
the edge of the first outer permanent magnet (112) is also connected with an outer end permanent magnet (110), and the direction of the magnetic line of the outer end permanent magnet (110) points to the magnetic work mass bed (24) or the direction of the extension line of the magnetic line passes through the magnetic work mass bed (24).
12. A magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 4, wherein:
the inner magnet assembly (12) further comprises at least one first inner permanent magnet (122) and at least one first inner soft magnet (121), and the first inner soft magnet (121) is arranged between two adjacent first inner permanent magnets (122).
13. A magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 12, wherein:
the edge of the first inner permanent magnet (122) is also connected with an inner end permanent magnet (120), and the direction of the magnetic line of the inner end permanent magnet (120) points to the magnetic work bed (24) or the extension direction of the magnetic line of the magnetic work bed (24) passes through the magnetic work bed.
14. A magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that:
the second assembly (2) further comprises second permanent magnets (21) and second soft magnets (22), the second soft magnets (22) are arranged between every two adjacent second permanent magnets (21), pole shoes (23) are further arranged between the second permanent magnets (21) and the magnetic work medium bed (24), and the pole shoes (23) are made of soft magnetic materials.
15. A magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that:
the second assembly (2) further comprises a second permanent magnet (21) and second soft magnets (22), the second permanent magnet (21) is arranged between every two adjacent second soft magnets (22), a pole shoe (23) is further arranged between each second soft magnet (22) and the magnetic work medium bed (24), and the pole shoe (23) is made of soft magnetic materials.
16. A magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 15, wherein:
the pole shoe (23) and the second soft magnet (22) are of an integrally formed structure.
17. A magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that:
the number of the magnetic work medium beds (24) is more than two, the air gap space is a magnetic gap, and more than one magnetic work medium bed (24) can be placed in one magnetic gap.
18. A magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 17, wherein:
the number of the magnetic work medium beds (24) is 4, and the number of the magnetic gaps is 4; or the number of the magnetic work medium beds (24) is 6, and the number of the magnetic gaps is 6.
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