CN209944345U - Pyrolysis device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a pyrolysis device, which comprises a rotary kiln and an air cooler, wherein the rotary kiln is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet and comprises a heat-insulating layer and a kiln body, a cavity is formed between the heat-insulating layer and the kiln body, and the air inlet and the air outlet are respectively communicated with the cavity; the air cooler sets up in the air inlet, and the air cooler includes the shell body, is fixed respectively to the interior casing and the air duct of shell body, forms first accommodation space between shell body and the interior casing, and the air duct communicates to first accommodation space, and interior casing body forms the second accommodation space, and first accommodation space and second accommodation space communicate with each other, and second accommodation space and cavity communicate with each other, and the first accommodation space of outside air follow air duct entering and second accommodation space. The utility model discloses a pyrolysis device sets up air cooler in the air inlet of rotary kiln to air cooler's second accommodation space and cavity communicate with each other, can control the temperature of the high temperature flue gas that gets into pyrolysis device, prevent the coking of pyrolysis in-process.

Description

Pyrolysis device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a pyrolysis device especially relates to a controllable pyrolysis device of pyrolysis temperature.

Background

The pyrolysis device can be used for incinerating hazardous waste, but because the hazardous waste contains alkaline metal elements and halogen elements (especially chlorine), the alkaline metal elements and the halogen elements can generate low-melting-point inorganic salts (such as sodium chloride, potassium chloride and the like) in a high-temperature environment, and the generation of excessive low-melting-point inorganic salts can cause slag coking, thus affecting the normal operation of a kiln body and the service life of refractory materials. The low-melting-point inorganic salt is easy to form slag in a molten state in the kiln, and the slag has the risk of physical explosion when being cooled rapidly, so that the system for conveying the slag by adopting a water-seal slag extractor mode is a potential safety hazard.

At present, pyrolysis devices for treating hazardous waste in the market mainly comprise a horizontal pyrolysis device and a vertical rotary kiln, wherein the two pyrolysis devices belong to direct heating forms, namely materials are in direct contact with a heat source, the temperature of the heat source is uncontrollable, in order to ensure that harmful gas is thoroughly decomposed in the incineration process of the hazardous waste, the temperature of the pyrolysis device is regulated to be not less than 1100 ℃ according to the national standard 'hazardous waste incineration pollution control standard' GB18484-2001, and the temperature is far higher than the melting point of low-melting-point inorganic salt, so that molten slag is coked.

In practice, the proportion of low-melting-point materials entering the kiln is controlled by compatibility of dangerous waste materials, but the treatment capacity of the system is greatly reduced.

In view of the above problems, it is necessary to design a new pyrolysis apparatus.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to overcome the defects and deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a pyrolysis device which has controllable pyrolysis temperature and can prevent coking.

In order to realize the purpose of the utility model, the utility model provides a pyrolysis device includes: the rotary kiln is provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet and comprises a heat insulation layer and a kiln body positioned in the heat insulation layer, a cavity is formed between the heat insulation layer and the kiln body, and the gas inlet and the gas outlet are respectively communicated with the cavity; the air cooler is arranged at the air inlet and comprises an outer shell, an inner shell and an air pipeline, wherein the inner shell and the air pipeline are fixed to the outer shell respectively, a first accommodating space is formed between the outer shell and the inner shell, the air pipeline is communicated to the first accommodating space, a second accommodating space is formed by the inner shell, the first accommodating space is communicated with the second accommodating space, the second accommodating space is communicated with the cavity, and outside air enters the first accommodating space and the second accommodating space from the air pipeline.

The utility model discloses pyrolysis device sets up air cooler in the air inlet of rotary kiln to second accommodation space and cavity communicate with each other, can control the temperature of the high temperature flue gas that gets into pyrolysis device, prevent the coking of pyrolysis in-process.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the pyrolysis apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the rotary kiln and the supporting device of the pyrolysis device of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the rotary kiln of the pyrolysis apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the pyrolysis apparatus communicating to the combustion chamber.

Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the air cooler of the pyrolysis apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a side view of the air cooler of the pyrolysis apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the air cooler of the pyrolysis apparatus of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

1-support device 2-rotary kiln 3-air cooler 4-combustion chamber

21-air inlet 22-air outlet 23-heat-insulating layer 25-kiln body

26-feeding inlet 27-discharging outlet 24-metal shell 28-dust collecting device

230-cavity 250-pyrolysis space 31-outer shell 32-inner shell

311-main plate 312-side plate 33-regulating valve 34-first connecting flange

35-air line 36-second connecting flange 310-first receiving space 321-opening

320 — a second accommodation space.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Please refer to fig. 1, which is a schematic perspective view of the pyrolysis apparatus of the present invention, the pyrolysis apparatus of the present invention includes a supporting device 1, a rotary kiln 2 and an air cooler 3, please refer to fig. 4, the pyrolysis apparatus of the present invention is communicated with a combustion chamber 4, the air cooler 3 is disposed between the pyrolysis apparatus and the combustion chamber 4.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a feed inlet 26 and a discharge outlet 27 are respectively arranged at two ends of the rotary kiln 2, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the rotary kiln 2 is respectively provided with an air inlet 21, an air outlet 22 and a dust collecting device 28, the rotary kiln 2 comprises an insulating layer 23 and a kiln body 25 positioned in the insulating layer 23, a metal shell 24 is arranged outside the insulating layer 23, and the metal shell 24 plays a role in protecting the insulating layer 23 and the kiln body 25. A cavity 230 is formed between the insulating layer 23 and the kiln body 25, the air inlet 21 and the air outlet 22 are respectively communicated with the cavity 230, and the opening of the dust collecting device 28 is also communicated with the cavity 230.

In the present embodiment, the air inlet 21 is located at the side of the rotary kiln 2, so as to facilitate the installation of the air cooler 3 to the rotary kiln 2; the air outlet 22 is located on the top surface of the rotary kiln 2, the dust collecting device 28 is located on the bottom surface of the rotary kiln 2, and an opening of the dust collecting device 28 is communicated with the cavity 230, so that dust generated in flue gas in the cavity 230 is condensed after being cooled, and falls into the dust collecting device 28 for collection.

The kiln body 25 is tubular, and the kiln body 25 forms a hollow pyrolysis space 250. The material to be treated enters the pyrolysis space 250 from the feed inlet 26 for pyrolysis treatment, two ends of the kiln body 25 are respectively rotatably supported by the support device 1, and the kiln body 25 is in a uniform rotation state in the pyrolysis process, so that the material can be uniformly heated in the pyrolysis space 250. After the pyrolysis treatment, the pyrolysis product enters a gas-solid separation device (not shown) from the discharge port 27.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the air cooler 3 is disposed at the air inlet 21, and referring to fig. 5 to 7, the air cooler 3 includes an outer shell 31, an inner shell 32 and an air duct 35 respectively fixed to the outer shell 31, and a regulating valve 33. A first accommodating space 310 is formed between the outer housing 31 and the inner housing 32, the air duct 35 is communicated to the first accommodating space 310, the inner housing 32 forms a second accommodating space 320, the first accommodating space 310 and the second accommodating space 320 are respectively communicated with the cavity 230, and the outside air enters the first accommodating space 310 and the second accommodating space 320 from the air duct 35.

The high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion chamber 4 is mixed with the air entering the air cooler 3, cooled and enters the second accommodating space 320, and then enters the cavity 230 through the air inlet 21.

Referring to fig. 6, the air cooler 3 further includes a first connection flange 34 and a second connection flange 36, the first connection flange 34 is used for sealing and fixing the air cooler 3 to the air inlet 21 of the rotary kiln 2, and the second connection flange 36 is used for sealing and fixing the air cooler 3 to the combustion chamber 4. The adjusting valve 33 is disposed between the air duct 35 and the outer case 31, and the opening degree of the air cooler 3 is adjusted by the adjusting valve 33 to control the amount of air entering the air cooler 3.

Referring to fig. 5, the outer housing 31 is disposed around the outer periphery of the inner housing 32, as shown in fig. 7, the outer housing 31 includes a main plate 311 and two side plates 312 fixed to the main plate 311, the side plates 312 are substantially perpendicular to the main plate 311, and the side plates 312 are substantially perpendicular to the inner housing 32. The main plate 311, the two side plates 312, and the inner case 32 surround to form the first receiving space 310. In this embodiment, the two side plates 312 are respectively welded to the main plate 311, the main plate 311 is provided with a fixing hole (not labeled), and the air duct 35 passes through the fixing hole (not labeled) and is fixed to the outer shell 31. Of course, in other embodiments, fasteners (not shown) may be used to secure the main plate 311 to the side plate 312.

As shown in fig. 5 and 7, the inner housing 32 is substantially cylindrical, and the inner housing 32 is provided with a plurality of openings 321, and the openings 321 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the inner housing 32. In this embodiment, the opening 321 is substantially circular, but in other embodiments, the opening 321 may be square, triangular, oval, or other shapes and combinations thereof.

The air that the outside air enters the first accommodating space 310 from the air duct 35 enters the second accommodating space 320 through the opening 321, and the openings 321 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the inner casing 32, so that the air entering the second accommodating space 320 can be uniformly mixed with the high-temperature flue gas entering the second accommodating space 320 from the combustion chamber 4, and the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas entering the second accommodating space 320 is adjusted, so that the temperature of the flue gas entering the cavity 230 is uniform and stable, and the material coking in the pyrolysis space 250 caused by overheating of the temperature can be prevented.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention, and equivalents thereof may be modified by those skilled in the art. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments by the technical entity of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A pyrolysis apparatus, comprising: the rotary kiln is provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet and comprises a heat insulation layer and a kiln body positioned in the heat insulation layer, a cavity is formed between the heat insulation layer and the kiln body, and the gas inlet and the gas outlet are respectively communicated with the cavity;

the air cooler is arranged at the air inlet and comprises an outer shell, an inner shell and an air pipeline, wherein the inner shell and the air pipeline are fixed to the outer shell respectively, a first accommodating space is formed between the outer shell and the inner shell, the air pipeline is communicated to the first accommodating space, a second accommodating space is formed by the inner shell, the first accommodating space is communicated with the second accommodating space, the second accommodating space is communicated with the cavity, and outside air enters the first accommodating space and the second accommodating space from the air pipeline.

2. A pyrolysis apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inner case is provided with a plurality of openings through which air introduced into the first accommodating space from the air duct enters the second accommodating space.

3. A pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the inner housing is substantially cylindrical, and the openings are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the inner housing.

4. A pyrolysis apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the outer case includes a main plate and a side plate fixed to the main plate, the side plate being substantially perpendicular to the main plate.

5. A pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the outer shell is arranged on the periphery of the inner shell in a surrounding mode, the side plates are approximately perpendicular to the inner shell, and the main plate, the side plates and the inner shell are surrounded to form the first accommodating space.

6. A pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: the mainboard is equipped with the fixed orifices, air duct passes the fixed orifices and fixes to the shell body.

7. A pyrolysis apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the air cooler is communicated with a combustion chamber, and high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion chamber and air entering the air cooler are mixed and then enter the second accommodating space and then enter the cavity through the air inlet.

8. A pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 7, wherein: the air cooler is arranged between the pyrolysis device and the combustion chamber, and further comprises a first connecting flange and a second connecting flange, the first connecting flange is used for sealing and fixing the air cooler to the air inlet of the rotary kiln, and the second connecting flange is used for sealing and fixing the air cooler to the combustion chamber.

9. A pyrolysis apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the air cooler further comprises a regulating valve arranged between the air pipeline and the outer shell, and the opening degree of the air cooler is regulated through the regulating valve so as to control the air quantity entering the air cooler.

10. A pyrolysis apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the kiln body is characterized by further comprising a supporting device, and two ends of the kiln body are rotatably supported by the supporting device respectively.

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