CN209933047U - Device for manufacturing experimental animal fracture model - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a device for making experimental animals fracture model, include: the base comprises a fixed unit arranged on the base, a supporting unit connected with the base and a sliding unit connected with the supporting unit in a sliding way; the sliding unit comprises a sliding plate and a tool bit connected to the sliding plate, the sliding plate stretches between the two upright posts, two ends of the sliding plate are slidably positioned at the two upright posts through the two linear bearing complex bodies respectively, and the sliding plate slides up and down parallel to a plane formed by the two upright posts.

Description

Device for manufacturing experimental animal fracture model

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a medical science research field, especially wound orthopedics mechanism research, osteoporosis medicine research, biomaterial and internal fixation material development, the utility model especially relates to a device for making experimental animals fracture model.

Background

The typical limb fracture model method for small animals (mainly rats and mice) commonly used in biomedical research is a heavy weight hammering method, wherein weights of about 500g-750g or other heavy objects are generally used and freely dropped from a height of 50cm, and the limbs of the animals are hammered to cause fracture. The advantages are that: simple, has certain repeatability and accuracy. The disadvantages are as follows: although the weight and the height of the weight are fixed, the mechanical contact part directly hitting the limbs of the animal has different damages to the limbs of the animal due to different shapes; in addition, in all the above mechanical models with similar principles, the problem of the efficiency of converting the potential energy of the weight into the kinetic energy and transmitting the kinetic energy to the limbs of the animal is not concerned. Because the pressure is pressure/area (P is F/S), if the striking head is too sharp or too thick and blunt, the injury property to animal soft tissues is different; and the stroke of the striking head from contacting the animal limb to stopping is the process of transferring the kinetic energy of the weight to the animal limb, and if a fixed hard plate is used as a support under the animal limb, the length of the stroke of the striking head from contacting the animal limb to stopping is obviously positively correlated with the mechanical energy transferred, because the action is the action stroke (W is F is S). Therefore, designing different striking heads and setting different striking strokes are the adjusting core of the device and are also the novelty, and clinically common fracture types (including open fracture, closed fracture, comminuted fracture, simple fracture and the like) can be simulated by adjusting the two parameters.

The heavy object hammering model is used as a classic small animal fracture model, has wide application in various medical research fields such as wound orthopedic mechanism research, osteoporosis medicine research, development of biological materials and internal fixation materials, and has a plurality of defects. Lack the special equipment that can make accurate and stable fracture model on the existing market, in view of this, the utility model designs such accurate, can repeat, make the manifold fracture model machinery making devices of mould kind moreover, help reducing the systematic error of relevant experiment, reduce experimental animals's waste and misery, practice thrift a large amount of manpower and materials and financial resources simultaneously, satisfy the demand to various types of fracture model preparation equipment on the biological medicine research market.

In addition, a small animal experiment fixing operating table which is specially designed and positioned is lacked in the current market, and the existing general solution is to fix animal limbs by rubber bands; the obvious disadvantages of this approach are: as a uniaxial elastic fixation mode, the method has the defect of inaccurate fixation, and cannot accurately fix the body position of limbs and the extension and flexion state of joints, which is exactly required in increasingly fine biomedical research. Because the general toy experiment fixed station on the existing market is unusually simple and crude, can't realize satisfying the experiment demand, the operation of being not convenient for simultaneously, the cleanness of being more not convenient for. The utility model discloses a device can also be applied to other biological medicine research fields that need fix and operate the toy as independent function module except being applied to the toy fracture preparation model of this project, and the application potentiality is vast.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An apparatus for making a fracture model of an experimental animal, comprising: the base comprises a fixed unit arranged on the base, a supporting unit connected with the base and a sliding unit connected with the supporting unit in a sliding way; the sliding unit comprises a sliding plate and a tool bit connected to the sliding plate, the sliding plate stretches across between the two upright posts, two ends of the sliding plate can be positioned at the two upright posts through the two linear bearing complexes respectively, and the sliding plate can freely slide up and down parallel to a plane formed by the two upright posts.

Preferably, the two columns are arranged in parallel, and the plane formed by the two columns is perpendicular to the base.

Preferably, the two linear bearing complexes are respectively fixed on the two columns and are parallel to the columns, and each linear bearing complex comprises: the linear guide rail (polished rod), guide rail base and linear bearing itself, two linear bearing respectively with the both ends of slide are connected, the linear bearing complex body is through the flange connection on the guide rail base to the stand.

Preferably, both ends of the slide plate are connected to the two linear bearings through flanges and can slide up and down along linear guide rails (polished rods).

Preferably, the upper portion of the cutter head and the lower portion of the slide plate have a plurality of through holes arranged in a row, which are adapted to be detachably and adjustably connected.

Preferably, the sliding and releasing of the slide plate is controlled using a motor or an electromagnet.

Preferably, the supporting unit further comprises a cross beam, and two ends of the cross beam are connected with the tops of the two upright posts.

Preferably, the cutter head is a flexible cutter head or a rigid cutter head.

Preferably, the fixing unit is further provided with an elastic metal U-shaped fixing clip and a stepped liner.

Preferably, the fixing unit includes a star type fixing table.

In the device of prior art, fixed often can not accomplish noninvasively of animal limbs, and is stable, accurate repeatedly to under same heavy object strikes height and stroke, there is the severity of animal fracture to differ, influences the uniformity of experiment, also caused experimental animals 'waste simultaneously, increased animal's misery, be not conform to animal ethics etc.. According to the utility model discloses a device adopts adjustably, and the elasticity fixing clamp that can freely assemble fixes animal limbs, combines fracture strike rack, can accomplish the uniformity to the accurate positioning of animal fracture position and fracture severity.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an apparatus according to the present invention;

fig. 2 shows a fixing unit of the inventive device shown in fig. 1;

figure 3a is a side view of a stepped liner according to the inventive device; FIG. 3b is a top view of the stepped liner of FIG. 3 a; FIG. 3c is a side view of another angle of the stepped liner of FIG. 3 a;

FIG. 4 shows a detailed structure of the linear bearing complex of the apparatus of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;

figure 5 shows a slide plate of the apparatus of figure 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 6a is a front view of the cutting head of the device of FIG. 1; FIG. 6b is a side view of the tool tip of FIG. 6 a; FIG. 6c is a top view of the tool tip of FIG. 6 a;

FIG. 7a is a top view of the base of the device of FIG. 1; FIG. 7b is a side view of the base shown in FIG. 7 a; FIG. 7c is a side view of the base shown in FIG. 7a at another angle;

FIG. 8a is a front view of a vertical portion of a column of the device of FIG. 1; FIG. 8b is a bottom view of the horizontal portion of the upright of the device of FIG. 1; 8c is a side view of the upright of the device of FIG. 1;

fig. 9a is a cross-sectional view of a cross-beam of the device of fig. 1, and fig. 9b is a top view of the cross-beam of the device of fig. 1.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.

It is to be understood that the following description is of preferred embodiments by way of example only and is not limiting of the combinations of features necessary for the implementation of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the device 100 of the present invention includes a base 1, a fixing unit 2, a supporting unit 3 and a sliding unit 4. The base 1 is substantially rectangular, and as shown in fig. 7a-7c, two long sides of the base 1 are respectively provided with a plurality of holes arranged in a straight line. Furthermore, in other embodiments, there is a groove along the central axis of the base 1.

As shown in fig. 2, the fixing unit 2 is provided on the base 1 and includes a star-shaped fixing base 21. The fixation unit 2 may also be provided with a resilient metal U-shaped fixation clip (not shown) and a stepped liner 22 (fig. 3a-3c) for fixation of the small animal. In this embodiment, the star-shaped fixing table is a five-pointed star shape, each corner can be used for fixing limbs of a small animal in an experiment by an elastic metal U-shaped fixing clamp, the stepped liner 22 is used for limiting the limbs at the preset fracture position, and the limbs of the animal can be prevented from sliding off when the tool bit is struck, so that the fracture model can not be accurately manufactured, preferably, the stepped liner 22 is made of nylon, and in other embodiments, the stepped liner can be made of other materials.

The supporting unit 3 is connected to the base 1, and the supporting unit 3 includes two columns 31, two linear bearing complexes 32, and a cross beam 33. As shown in fig. 8a-8c, the upright 31 is substantially T-shaped, and in some embodiments, the horizontal portion and the vertical portion of the upright are detachable, wherein the horizontal portion of the upright 31 is detachably connected to the base 1 through a plurality of holes at both sides of the base 1, and the side of the vertical portion of the upright 31 has a plurality of holes for detachably connecting with two linear bearing complexes 32. The top of the vertical portion of each upright 31 has a hole. As shown in fig. 9a-9b, the two ends of the cross beam 33 are respectively provided with holes corresponding to the columns 31, wherein the upper and lower ends of the holes have different diameters, the lower end has a larger diameter, and the upper end has a smaller diameter, and through the holes, the two ends of the cross beam 33 are fixed on the tops of the two columns 31.

Fig. 4 shows a specific structure of the linear bearing complexes 32, and each linear bearing complex 32 includes a linear guide 321, a linear bearing 322 and a linear guide base 323. The linear guide 321 is a polished rod, and the linear bearing 322 is sleeved on the linear guide 321 and can slide up and down along the linear guide 321. The linear bearing 322 is also provided with a flange for fixing with the sliding unit 4. The linear bearing complex 32 is connected to and parallel to the column 31 via a flange on the linear guide base 323 and a plurality of holes on the column 31.

Referring also to fig. 5, the sliding unit 4 is slidably coupled to two linear bearings 322 of the supporting unit 3. The sliding unit 4 comprises a sliding plate 41 and a cutter head 42 (fig. 7a-7c) connected to the sliding plate 41, the sliding plate 41 is a long rectangular shape and spans between the two upright posts 31, and both ends 41 of the sliding plate are slidably positioned on the linear guide rails 321 through linear bearings 322, respectively, and can slide up and down along the linear guide rails 321 along with the linear bearings 322. Since the linear guide rail 321 is parallel to the upright 31, it is ensured that the plane of the slide plate is also parallel to the plane formed by the upright and perpendicular to the base 1. In one embodiment, the slide plate 41 may be flanged to the linear bearings 322 on both sides to ensure that the slide plate falls vertically without wobbling.

Referring also to fig. 6a to 6c, the slide plate 41 is detachably connected to the cutter head 42. The upper end of the cutting head 42 has a recess (as shown in figures 6b and 6 c) adapted to receive the lower edge of the slide plate 41. The lower end of the slide plate 41 and the upper end of the cutter head 42 have a plurality of holes arranged in a row (see fig. 5 and 6 a), and the cutter head 42 is fixed to the lower edge of the slide plate 41 through the holes arranged in a row by screws, thereby achieving detachable attachment and lateral position adjustment. The cutter head can move to a specified position along with the slide plate 41.

The cutter head 42 can be fixed at different parts of the lower edge of the sliding plate so as to adapt to different experimental conditions, and the shape and the width of the cutter head can be selected in various ways so as to adapt to different experimental requirements. Optionally, the tool bit 42 may be a flexible tool bit or a rigid tool bit, and the flexible tool bit has good protection effect on soft tissues and is more suitable for manufacturing closed fracture models; the rigid cutter head lacks the protection to soft tissues and is more suitable for manufacturing open fracture. Optionally, the tool bit 42 may be a sharp tool bit or a blunt tool bit, the width of the sharp tool bit is 1-5mm, and the width of the blunt tool bit is more than 5 mm; sharp injury can be caused to soft tissue injury by sharp tool bits, and blunt injury can be caused to soft tissue by blunt tool bits.

For example, the width can be designed to be 2mm, 4mm, or 6mm for the problem of pressure variation of mechanical striking caused by the shape of the tool bit. The width of the cutter head is small, the higher the local pressure is, the higher the possibility of soft tissue or bone shearing damage is, and conversely, the wider the cutter head is, the lower the local pressure is, the higher the possibility of soft tissue or bone blunt crush injury is. It should be understood that the above description of the width of the cutting head is only an exemplary preferred embodiment and is not limited to the combination of features necessary for the realization of the invention.

The parts of the device of this embodiment, except for the linear bearing 32, are made of PA66 nylon, are smooth and easy to clean, never rust and have a certain elastic modulus. The rectangular base 1 is used as the foundation of the whole device to stabilize the center of gravity; the upright columns and the cross beams determine a gantry rack structure, and the gantry rack structure is firm and does not deform; the linear guide rail polish rod 321 and the sliding bearing 322 installed in front of the upright column 31 are used as a supporting and limiting device for the sliding unit 4 to slide vertically, two parallel polish rods 321 can determine a plane, so that the sliding unit 4 can freely fall without shaking, the friction force of the linear bearing 322 is small, and most potential energy of the sliding plate is converted into kinetic energy.

The lifting of the sliding plate can adopt a mode that a servo motor is arranged at the top of the rack, electric lifting is used for replacing manpower, and the lifting distance and the lifting height of the sliding plate can be accurately controlled. The release of slide can adopt mechanical trigger formula or electro-magnet release formula, and mechanical trigger automatic locking or electro-magnet adsorb the locking when the slide promotes to predetermineeing the height, gives the release slide signal through additional device by the experimenter when the experiment, releases the slide through mechanical trigger structure or electro-magnet structure unblock, increases the precision of slide release, reduces the gliding orbit change of external force interference slide.

According to the utility model discloses a device, the use method does: the small animal lies on the back on the fixing table, the four limbs are fixed by metal U-shaped fixing clamps, the stepped liner is arranged at the position where the fracture is selected to be manufactured, and the limbs at the position where the fracture is scheduled to be manufactured are fixed to ensure no shaking; then, selecting a proper cutter head, fixing the cutter head on the lower edge of the sliding plate, and then placing the multi-axis elastic fixing table for the small animal and the small animal on the base together; and finally, measuring the diameter of the limbs of the small animal, determining the lifting height of the sliding plate and the striking stroke of the cutter head, lifting the sliding plate to a set height, releasing, striking the affected limb, and forming the fracture.

The utilization is tested the verification to utility model's device to the relation of stroke of beating with fracture severity to 3 kinds of strokes of beating have been designed (use animal limbs diameter to R, the stroke is 1/5R respectively, 1/3R, 2/3R and R correspond low energy respectively, well energy, high energy and very high energy damage). The conclusion is that: under the conditions of standard weight and height setting (namely 500g weight and 500 cm height), 1/5R striking stroke can stably produce closed simple fracture; 1/3R can make mild open fracture, similar to human GUSTILO type i; 2/3R can be used for treating moderate open fracture similar to GUSTILO ii type with exposed fracture end; the R can be used for preparing severe open fracture similar to GUSTILO iii type, muscle fracture is exposed, and vascular contusion is obvious.

The utility model discloses a device adopts the anchor clamps that can freely assemble to combine special design's animal fixed station, constitutes the required toy operating table of animal experiment. The device adopts the elastic clamp that can freely dismantle to fix animal limbs, and adaptable range is wide (the elastic clamp is complete in specification, is fit for multiple animal size and limb length thickness), and is fixed really reliably (form xyz triaxial fixed), and controllable animal limb joint stretches and bends the position, and is little to the animal damage (elastic fixation, contact surface is wide, does not have sharp oppression damage skin risk).

According to the utility model discloses a device adopts two linear bearing combination gravity type slide sliding mode. Compare with simple slide rail among the prior art or fluorescent tube mode, the utility model discloses a two parallel industrial grade linear bearing, furthest has reached and has slided smoothly and stable purpose. The accurate stable smooth sliding rack, the striking heads of various specifications, and the limiting device of the striking head are combined, so that the kinetic energy of the weight can be effectively transmitted to the limbs of the animal accurately according to the design thought of an experimental designer, and an accurate and repeatable fracture model is formed; different types of fracture models can be manufactured by adjusting the height of the sliding plate, the type of the tool bit and the striking stroke, including closed fracture, open fracture with different severity and the like; the animal fracture model manufactured by the system is accurate and high in repeatability, and contributes to the reliability of experimental conclusions, and the use number of experimental animals is relatively reduced (animal waste caused by inaccurate modeling is avoided).

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can obviously obtain simple changes or equivalent replacements of the technical solutions within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An apparatus for making a fracture model of an experimental animal, comprising: the base comprises a fixed unit arranged on the base, a supporting unit connected with the base and a sliding unit connected with the supporting unit in a sliding way; the sliding unit comprises a sliding plate and a tool bit connected to the sliding plate, the sliding plate stretches between the two upright posts, two ends of the sliding plate are slidably positioned at the two upright posts through the two linear bearing complex bodies respectively, and the sliding plate slides up and down parallel to a plane formed by the two upright posts.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the two posts are arranged in parallel and form a plane perpendicular to the base.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the two linear bearing complexes are fixed to the two columns, respectively, and are parallel to the columns, each linear bearing complex comprising: the linear guide rail, linear bearing and guide rail base, two linear bearing respectively with the both ends of slide are connected, the linear bearing complex body is through flange connection on the guide rail base to the stand.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein both ends of the slide plate are connected to the two linear bearings through flanges and can freely slide up and down along the linear guide rails.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the upper portion of the cutting head and the lower portion of the sled have a plurality of through holes aligned in a transverse direction adapted to be removably and adjustably connected.

6. The device of claim 1, wherein the sliding and releasing of the slide plate is controlled using a motor or an electromagnet.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the support unit further comprises a cross beam, both ends of which are connected with the tops of the two columns.

8. The device of claim 1, wherein the cutting head is a flexible cutting head or a rigid cutting head.

9. The device of claim 1, wherein the fixing unit is further provided with a resilient metal U-shaped fixing clip and a stepped pad.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the fixture unit comprises a star fixture.

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