CN209923022U - Ecological ditch for reducing farmland non-point source pollution - Google Patents
Ecological ditch for reducing farmland non-point source pollution Download PDFInfo
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- CN209923022U CN209923022U CN201920573760.XU CN201920573760U CN209923022U CN 209923022 U CN209923022 U CN 209923022U CN 201920573760 U CN201920573760 U CN 201920573760U CN 209923022 U CN209923022 U CN 209923022U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a reduce ecological irrigation canals and ditches of farmland non-point source pollution, including the escape canal and be located the soil horizon at the bottom of the escape canal, the cross section of escape canal is trapezoidal, and supreme basement supporting layer, lower floor's filter layer, upper filter layer and the soil horizon of having laid in proper order are followed to the canal bottom of the escape canal, along the length direction of escape canal, has buried the no sand concrete pipe that outside parcel has geotechnological non-woven fabrics underground in lower filter layer and upper filter layer, plants the hydrophyte in the soil horizon. The utility model discloses the ecological irrigation canals and ditches system that founds does not influence the normal drainage of irrigation canals and ditches, does not occupy any arable land, and the operation management is simple, and does not receive the temperature limit in season, and materials low price such as no sand concrete pipe, haydite, zeolite, the extensive popularization and application of being convenient for.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a water environment is administered and farmland sewage treatment technique, especially an ecological irrigation canals and ditches of reducing farmland non-point source pollution.
Background
China is a large agricultural country with a large population, the application amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides is increased year by year as important agricultural materials for agricultural production, and the problem of non-point source pollution caused by the loss of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and the like along with surface runoff, farmland water return and the like is increasingly prominent. With the effective control of point source pollution, farmland non-point source pollution becomes a main pollution source of river and lake surface water body pollution. The farmland drainage canal is used as an important component of the farmland water conservancy infrastructure, farmland runoff is changed from dispersed flow to concentrated flow, the farmland drainage capacity is improved, meanwhile, pollutants in the farmland drainage can be intercepted and purified through the effects of sediment/soil adsorption, plant interception and absorption, microbial degradation and the like in the drainage canal, and the farmland non-point source pollution prevention and control method has a wide application prospect.
In recent years, ecological reconstruction of farmland drainage ditches to construct ecological ditches is one of hot spot directions for controlling farmland non-point source pollution, and pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus are intercepted by filling filtering sandy soil, planting aquatic plants and breeding aquatic animals in the existing farmland drainage ditches and appropriately arranging facilities such as check dams, water retaining sills, mud collecting wells and permeable dams. Although studies have confirmed that ecological ditches have a certain reduction capacity for pollutants in farmland drainage water compared with natural drainage ditches, the existing ecological ditches still have the following disadvantages: (1) the water body in the ecological ditch flows fast, the water retention time is too short, so that the pollutant reduction rate is limited, and if a gate dam is arranged for interception, the normal drainage function of the ditch is influenced; (2) the ecological ditch mainly controls agricultural non-point source pollution by taking the planting of aquatic plants as a core, and because the plant absorption capacity is limited, non-point source pollutants can continuously enter water bodies such as river channels or lakes along with the next water-dropping or heavy rainfall process, so that the pollution to surface water bodies is caused.
Therefore, there is a need to develop an ecological ditch that does not affect the drainage function of the ditch, but can increase the accumulation of sewage and hydraulic retention time in the ditch, and enhance the effect of intercepting pollutants.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that an ecological irrigation canals and ditches of reducing farmland non-point source pollution is provided, solve the problem that present ecological irrigation canals and ditches sewage accumulation volume is little, water conservancy dwell time is short, the pollutant cuts the rate of reduction low.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a technical scheme is: the utility model provides an ecological irrigation canals and ditches of reducing farmland non-point source pollution, includes the escape canal and is located the soil horizon at the bottom of the escape canal, and the cross section of escape canal is trapezoidal, and supreme basement supporting layer, lower floor's filter layer, upper filter layer and the soil horizon of having laid in proper order are followed to the bottom of the canal of escape canal, along the length direction of escape canal, has buried the no sand concrete pipe that outside parcel has geotechnological non-woven fabrics underground in lower filter layer and upper filter layer, plants the hydrophyte in the soil horizon.
The digging width of the upper top of the drainage ditch is 1.3-1.7 m, the digging width of the lower bottom of the drainage ditch is 0.5-0.7 m, the depth of the drainage ditch is 0.8-1.1 m, the slope ratio of the drainage ditch is 1: 0.5-1: 1.0, and the grass planting protection of the upper part of the slope is 0.5-1.0 m.
The thickness of the soil layer is 15-25 cm, the upper filter material layer is made of porous ceramsite, the height of the upper filter material layer is 20-30 cm, and the particle size of the ceramsite is 9-11 mm; the material of the lower filter material layer is natural clinoptilolite, the height of the lower filter material layer is 20-30 cm, and the particle size of the natural clinoptilolite is 3-5 mm; the material of the substrate supporting layer is gravel stone, and the particle size of the gravel stone is 12-15 mm.
The sand-free concrete pipe is prepared by mixing coarse aggregate, cement and water, the strength grade is C10, the inner diameter is 300-500 mm, the pipe wall thickness is 50mm, and the outside of the pipe is wrapped with geotechnical non-woven fabric.
The geotextile is a short fiber needle-punched nonwoven geotextile, and the nominal breaking strength is 10 kN/m.
The hygrophytes are reed, cattail, ophiopogon root or chloranthus japonicus.
The ecological ditch is vertically provided with a 0.5% slope, the head end of the ecological ditch is provided with a non-sand concrete pipe and an air vent, the tail end of the ecological ditch is communicated with the farmland ditch, and water gates are arranged in sections according to the requirement of farmland irrigation and drainage to control the storage and drainage of the ecological ditch.
The utility model has the advantages that:
(1) the no sand concrete pipe bonds each other and forms cavern evenly distributed's cellular structure by coarse aggregate surface cladding thin layer grout, has good water permeability, filterability, the utility model discloses ecological irrigation canals and ditches system interception based on the constitution of no sand concrete pipe has accumulated a large amount of farmland drainage, has improved the water conservancy dwell time of irrigation canals and ditches drainage.
(2) The ecological filter layer arranged at the bottom of the ecological ditch is composed of porous ceramsite and natural clinoptilolite composite filter material, and the purification effect of the ecological ditch on nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matters is strengthened by utilizing the adsorption and ion exchange effects of the filter material and the biodegradation effect of a biological membrane attached to the filter material.
(3) The utility model discloses the ecological irrigation canals and ditches system that founds does not influence the normal drainage of irrigation canals and ditches, does not occupy any arable land, and the operation management is simple, and does not receive the temperature limit in season, and materials low price such as no sand concrete pipe, haydite, zeolite, the extensive popularization and application of being convenient for.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional layout of the ecological ditch for reducing non-point source pollution in farmland.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section layout diagram of the ecological ditch for reducing the non-point source pollution of the farmland of the utility model.
In the figure, 1 reed, 2 soil layers, 3 upper filter layers, 4 lower filter layers, 5 substrate support layers, 6 geotextile, 7 sand-free concrete pipes, 8 drainage channels and 9 vent holes.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings, which are provided to provide a further understanding of the invention and constitute a part of this specification, and together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the utility model discloses an ecological irrigation canals and ditches of reducing farmland non-point source pollution, including escape canal 8 and the soil horizon 2 that is located at the bottom of the escape canal, escape canal 8's cross section is trapezoidal, and supreme basement supporting layer 5, lower floor's filter layer 4, upper filter layer 3 and soil horizon 2 of having laid in proper order down are followed to the canal bottom of escape canal 8, along escape canal 8's length direction, have buried the sand-free concrete pipe 7 that outside parcel has geotechnological non-woven fabrics 6 underground in lower filter layer 4 and upper filter layer 3, plant hydrophyte 1 in the soil horizon 2.
The upper top excavation width of the drainage ditch 8 is 1.3-1.7 m, the lower bottom excavation width is 0.5-0.7 m, the depth is 0.8-1.1 m, the slope ratio is 1: 0.5-1: 1.0, and the upper part of the slope is 0.5-1.0 m for grass planting protection.
The thickness of the soil layer 2 is 15-25 cm, the upper filter material layer 3 is made of porous ceramsite, the height of the upper filter material layer 3 is 20-30 cm, and the particle size of the ceramsite is 9-11 mm; the material of the lower filter material layer 4 is natural clinoptilolite, the height of the lower filter material layer 4 is 20-30 cm, and the particle size of the natural clinoptilolite is 3-5 mm; the base supporting layer 5 is made of pebbles, the height of the base supporting layer 5 is 20-25 cm, and the particle size of the pebbles is 12-15 mm.
The sand-free concrete pipe 7 is prepared by mixing coarse aggregate, cement and water, has the strength grade of C10, the inner diameter of 300-500 mm and the pipe wall thickness of 50mm, and is wrapped by the geotextile nonwoven fabric 6.
The geotextile is a short fiber needle-punched nonwoven geotextile, and the nominal breaking strength is 10 kN/m.
The hygrophytes are reed, cattail, ophiopogon root or chloranthus japonicus.
The ecological ditch is vertically provided with 0.5% of slope, the head end of the ecological ditch is provided with a non-sand concrete pipe 7 which is provided with an air vent 9, the tail end of the ecological ditch is communicated with the farmland ditch, and water gates are arranged in sections according to the requirements of farmland irrigation and drainage to control the storage and drainage of the ecological ditch.
The utility model discloses a principle that is used for cutting down ecological irrigation canals and ditches of farmland non-point source pollution to get rid of pollutant in the farmland drainage lies in: on one hand, the root system of the hygrophyte 1 planted in the soil layer can be used for adsorbing and absorbing pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in farmland drainage, and the root system of the hygrophyte 1 can also provide a fixation carrier for the growth of microorganisms, so that the degradation effect of the microorganisms in the water body on the pollutants is improved. On the other hand farmland drainage top-down through soil horizon 2, the absorption of upper filter layer 3 and lower floor's filter layer 4, filtration, ion exchange and under the biodegradable action of the biomembrane of attached growth on the filter material, the pollutant is effectively reduced in the farmland drainage, reentrant have good water permeability and filterability no sand concrete pipe 7, bury underground the no sand concrete pipe of ecological irrigation canals and ditches bottom and improved the water conservancy dwell time of farmland drainage in the irrigation canals and ditches, the farmland drainage warp the utility model discloses an interception, the accumulation and the purification back of the ecological irrigation canals and ditches for reducing farmland area source pollution finally arrange into the water of receiving.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and to implement the present invention accordingly, the scope of the present invention should not be limited by the embodiment, that is, all equivalent changes or modifications made by the spirit of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a reduce ecological irrigation canals and ditches of farmland non-point source pollution, soil horizon (2) at the bottom of including escape canal (8) and being located the escape canal, a serial communication port, the cross section of escape canal (8) is trapezoidal, supreme basement supporting layer (5) of having laid in proper order down is followed to the bottom of the canal of escape canal (8), lower floor's filter layer (4), upper filter layer (3) and soil horizon (2), along the length direction of escape canal (8), bury underground in lower filter layer (4) and upper filter layer (3) and have had sand-free concrete pipe (7) that outside parcel has geotechnological non-woven fabrics (6), plant hydrophyte (1) in soil horizon (2).
2. The ecological ditch for reducing farmland non-point source pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that the drainage ditch (8) has an upper top digging width of 1.3-1.7 m, a lower bottom digging width of 0.5-0.7 m, a depth of 0.8-1.1 m, a side slope ratio of 1: 0.5-1: 1.0, and an upper side slope of 0.5-1.0 m for grass planting protection.
3. The ecological ditch for reducing farmland non-point source pollution as claimed in claim 2, wherein the thickness of the soil layer (2) is 15-25 cm, the upper filter layer (3) is made of porous ceramsite, the height of the upper filter layer (3) is 20-30 cm, and the particle size of the ceramsite is 9-11 mm; the lower filtering layer (4) is made of natural clinoptilolite, the height of the lower filtering layer (4) is 20-30 cm, and the particle size of the natural clinoptilolite is 3-5 mm; the base supporting layer (5) is made of gravel stones, and the particle size of the gravel stones is 12-15 mm.
4. The ecological ditch for reducing farmland non-point source pollution according to claim 3, characterized in that the sand-free concrete pipe (7) has the strength grade of C10, the inner diameter of 300-500 mm, the pipe wall thickness of 50mm, and the outside of the pipe is wrapped with geotechnical non-woven fabric (6).
5. The ecological ditch for reducing farmland non-point source pollution according to claim 4, characterized in that the geotextile (6) is a short fiber needle-punched nonwoven geotextile with a nominal breaking strength of 10 kN/m.
6. The ecological ditch for reducing farmland non-point source pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that the hygrophyte (1) is reed, cattail, ophiopogon root or chloranthus japonicus.
7. The ecological ditch for reducing farmland non-point source pollution according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the ecological ditch is longitudinally provided with a slope of 0.5%, the head end of the ecological ditch is provided with a non-fine concrete pipe (7) and a vent hole (9), the tail end of the ecological ditch is communicated with the farmland ditch, and water gates are arranged in sections according to the requirements of farmland irrigation and drainage to control the storage and drainage of the ecological ditch.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920573760.XU CN209923022U (en) | 2019-04-24 | 2019-04-24 | Ecological ditch for reducing farmland non-point source pollution |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920573760.XU CN209923022U (en) | 2019-04-24 | 2019-04-24 | Ecological ditch for reducing farmland non-point source pollution |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN209923022U true CN209923022U (en) | 2020-01-10 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920573760.XU Active CN209923022U (en) | 2019-04-24 | 2019-04-24 | Ecological ditch for reducing farmland non-point source pollution |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN209923022U (en) |
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2019
- 2019-04-24 CN CN201920573760.XU patent/CN209923022U/en active Active
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