CN209913013U - Broadband dual-polarized antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses a broadband dual-polarized antenna. According to the broadband dual-polarized antenna, a radiation unit comprises four dipoles, and the four dipoles are combined and then installed on a reflecting plate; two arms of the dipole are connected to the top ends of the two supporting conductors respectively, and the bottom ends of the supporting conductors are connected to the common base; the top ends of the two supporting conductors are separated by the gap groove, one conductor is provided with a longitudinal groove and a transverse groove, the longitudinal groove is provided with a separated conductor, the separated conductor is adjacent to the gap groove, and the transverse groove separates the separated conductor from the common base; four wires of the four dipoles are respectively connected with the bottom ends of the corresponding separating conductors; additional conductors are placed on the dipole arms; the additional conductor ends are bent towards the dipole arms and are separated therefrom by a dielectric film. The antenna can realize the half-power beam width of 60-65 degrees, the working relative bandwidth is at least 46 percent, and the antenna has better positive and negative 60-degree coverage sector edge cross polarization ratio; the matching performance and the compatibility are better in a wide frequency band range.

Description

Broadband dual-polarized antenna

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of antennas, in particular to a broadband dual-polarized antenna.

Background

In the current era of frequently using mobile phones, the market demand for broadband dual-polarized antennas becomes huge every year, so that considerable manpower and material resources are invested in the industry to develop and manufacture simple broadband dual-polarized antennas to meet the market demand. In practical applications, the horizontal half-power beam width of a dual-polarized antenna is required to be 65 degrees in most cases, so that the antenna not only needs to have good cross-polarization discrimination rate, but also needs to be well matched with a feeder line in a wide frequency band range.

Because the horizontal plane beam width of the crossed dipole is too wide, a radiator with a more complex structure is used in order to meet the requirement of reducing the beam width. US5940044 describes a dual polarized antenna with a horizontal half power beamwidth of about 65 degrees, comprising a plurality of satellite arrays of dipoles, each satellite array consisting of four diamond-like dipoles; two dipoles in each auxiliary array are inclined and form an angle of +45 degrees with the long edge of the ground guide plate to form a polarized radiation unit array with an angle of +45 degrees; in addition, the two dipoles and the long side of the ground plate form an angle of-45 degrees to form a polarized radiation unit array with an angle of-45 degrees. The dipoles are arranged so that the phase centers of the dipoles at +45 degrees and an element at-45 degrees are aligned with a vertical line parallel to the long side of the ground plane. The phase centers of the other dipoles at +45 degrees and the elements at-45 degrees are aligned with the other vertical line. The main disadvantage of this dipole square is its complex electrical feed network. For example, four cables must be used to electrically feed the dipoles.

Data of several other radiators with square matrix dipoles are shown in EP0973231a2, US6333720B1, US6529172B2 and US2010/0309084a1 patent documents, respectively; the technical solution is that the baluns of the dipoles are inclined towards the center of the dipole square matrix to simplify the production steps, but nevertheless, these devices are still more complex.

US6313809B1 describes a dual polarized radiator comprising four dipoles, preferably arranged on a reflector, in a top view of a dipole matrix; each dipole is electrically fed by means of a line of symmetry having the following characteristics: the radiator forms an angle of +45 degrees or-45 degrees in the polarization effect, and electric radiation is carried out on the dipole square matrix with the specified structure. In addition, patent documents such as US6940465B2, US7688271B2, CN202423543U, CN202268481U, CN101916910A, CN102097677A, CN102694237A, CN102544711A, CN201199545Y, CN102117967A, and CN102013560A have dipole square matrices each describing a similar structure.

With the development of the communication industry, antennas used in wireless communication systems nowadays have several different frequency bands and include a plurality of radiators adjacent to each other, which results in a problem that the size of the antenna is relatively large; in view of the above, there is a need to provide an optimized dual-polarized radiator, which is compatible with a broadband antenna with multiple frequency bands and simultaneously satisfies the requirement of volume miniaturization.

CN108172978A describes a dual-polarized antenna, which includes four dipoles, and additional conductors are provided on the arms of the dipoles, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, and the additional conductors feed the adjacent dipole arms by coupling feeding, and lower limit frequency of the working frequency band is reduced. It can be seen that the dual-polarized antenna disclosed in CN108172978A has the advantage of small size, but the design is not satisfactory in other aspects. The first disadvantage is that the feed network requires four cables to connect the dipoles and the beam forming network, and the beam forming network is constructed on the other side of the reflector plate, and the joints of the cables need another cable connected to the beam forming network in parallel, which makes the whole feed network rather complicated; another disadvantage is that the operating band of the antenna is limited because these feeder cables are directly connected to the dipoles, whereby it can be seen that there is no matching circuit between the dipoles of the antenna and the feeder cables.

Disclosure of Invention

The present application is directed to a broadband dual-polarized antenna with an improved structure, which is directed to the problems of the dual-polarized antenna in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted in the application:

the application discloses a broadband dual-polarized antenna, which comprises a reflecting plate and a radiation unit arranged on the reflecting plate, wherein the radiation unit comprises four dipoles, and the four dipoles are combined and then arranged on the reflecting plate; two arms of each dipole are connected to the top ends of two supporting conductors respectively, and the bottom ends of the two supporting conductors are connected to a common base arranged on the reflecting plate; the two supporting conductors are parallel to each other, the top ends of the two supporting conductors are separated from each other through the notch groove, one conductor in the two supporting conductors is provided with a longitudinal groove and a transverse groove, the longitudinal groove is arranged along the length direction of the supporting conductors, the longitudinal groove is provided with a separating conductor, the separating conductor is adjacent to the notch groove, the transverse groove is arranged at the bottom end of the supporting conductor, and the transverse groove separates the separating conductor from the common base; four wires of four dipoles of the excitation radiation unit are respectively connected to the bottom tail ends of the corresponding separation conductors; the transmission line comprises at least one of a coaxial cable, a metal strip line, a printed circuit board microstrip line and a waveguide tube; additional conductors are placed on the dipole arms and are fixed on the corresponding dipole arms through plastic supports; the end of the additional conductor is bent toward the dipole arms and is separated from the end faces of the dipole arms by a dielectric film.

Preferably, the supporting conductor connecting the dipole and the reflecting plate is inclined at an angle of 30 to 90 degrees to the reflecting plate.

Preferably, the length edge of the separation conductor is provided with a concave cut and a convex lug boss, and the cut and the lug boss are in a non-contact meshing state.

Preferably, the gap grooves at the top ends of the two supporting conductors are in a horn-shaped structure, and the opening of the horn faces the dipole arms.

Preferably, the two arms of each dipole jointly use a set of additional conductors, each set of additional conductors being fixed by a plastic support.

Preferably, the plastic support has a protruding boss at the notch groove, and the boss is placed in the notch groove to fill the notch groove.

Preferably, the plastic support is provided with a protruding boss which is placed in the longitudinal groove adjacent to the cutaway groove, filling the longitudinal groove.

Preferably, the outer edge of the dipole arm has a conductor projection extending downward toward the reflection plate; the conductor bulge is positioned outside the space surrounded by the four dipoles.

Preferably, the inner edge of the dipole arm has a conductor projection extending downward toward the reflection plate; the conductor bulge is positioned inside the space surrounded by the four dipoles.

Preferably, the dipole arms are bent towards the central part of the radiation unit, so that the overall outline of the top part of the radiation unit consisting of the four dipoles is circular, rectangular or polygonal.

Preferably, an L-shaped conductor is provided on the plastic support plate between the ends of the two arms of the dipole.

Preferably, L-shaped conductors are provided on the plastic support plate between adjacent dipoles.

Preferably, the transmission lines of the four dipoles of the excitation radiating unit are all coaxial cables, the bottom ends of the separation conductors are directly connected to the inner conductors of the coaxial cables, and the outer conductors of the coaxial cables are connected to the common base.

Preferably, the transmission lines of the four dipoles of the excitation radiating element are printed circuit boards, and the four ends of the bottom ends of the split conductors are connected to strip lines of a feeding network constructed on the printed circuit boards.

Preferably, two ports of the feeding network constructed on the printed circuit board are connected with two coaxial cables or metal strip lines as input ports.

Preferably, the printed circuit boards are placed on a common base.

Preferably, the printed circuit board is placed on the reflection plate.

Preferably, the printed circuit board feed network is provided with a matching circuit comprising short and open branches.

Preferably, the feed network comprises crosswise arranged strip lines separated from each other by a circumventing gap, and a conductive bridge adjacent to the circumventing gap and connecting both ends of the strip lines.

Preferably, the additional conductor is placed above the dipole arms.

Preferably, the additional conductor is placed below the dipole arms.

Preferably, the additional conductor is integrally formed with the dipole arms, and the additional conductor is bent downward along the outer edges of the dipole arms, directed toward the reflection plate, and positioned below the plane of the dipole arms.

Preferably, the additional conductor is integrally formed with the dipole arms, and the additional conductor is bent upward along the outer edges of the dipole arms, faces away from the reflector plate, and is positioned higher than the plane of the dipole arms.

Preferably, the additional conductor is bent along the outer edge of the same plane as the dipole arms, and the end of the additional conductor is directly connected to the dipole arms, or the additional conductor is directly soldered to the dipole.

Preferably, the broadband dual-polarized antenna of the present application further comprises a focusing element, and the focusing element is disposed above the radiation unit.

Preferably, in the broadband dual-polarized antenna, the four dipoles, the supporting conductors connecting the dipoles, and the common base are integrally formed by conductive materials.

Preferably, the four dipoles, the support conductors connecting the dipoles and the common base are manufactured as a one-piece structure by die casting, stamping or 3D printing process.

Preferably, in the broadband dual-polarized antenna, the four dipoles, the supporting conductors for connecting the dipoles, the common base and the additional conductors are integrally formed by conductive materials.

Preferably, the four dipoles, the support conductors connecting the dipoles, the common base and the additional conductors are manufactured as a one-piece structure by die casting, stamping or 3D printing processes.

Preferably, the broadband dual-polarized antenna further comprises a high-frequency band antenna, and the high-frequency band antenna is arranged in a cavity formed by the four dipoles to form a coaxial multi-frequency band antenna.

Preferably, the present application has at least two radiating elements disposed on the reflecting plate to form a dual-polarized array antenna.

Preferably, in the dual-polarized array antenna of the present application, at least one of the at least two radiating elements has an asymmetric structure, so as to compensate for coupling between adjacent antennas and obtain a desired radiation characteristic of the dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna.

Preferably, at least two sides of the reflection plate of the broadband dual-polarized antenna are provided with side walls. In one implementation of the present application, the sidewalls on both sides extend downward away from the direction of the radiating element.

Preferably, at least one additional sidewall extending upward is provided inside the reflection plate at a side position adjacent to the radiation unit; i.e. at least one additional side wall extending upwards is arranged at the side of the radiation unit.

It should be noted that the additional side wall is different from the side wall on the side of the reflection plate, and is arranged inside the reflection plate; the additional side wall has the function of changing the cross polarization and the beam width of the whole array antenna; the specific number, specific height and length of the additional sidewalls can be adjusted according to the desired cross polarization and beam width, and are not particularly limited herein.

Preferably, at least one upward extending L-shaped isolation conductor is disposed on the side surface adjacent to the radiation unit inside the reflection plate, that is, at least one upward extending L-shaped isolation conductor is disposed on the side surface of the radiation unit.

It should be noted that the shape of the L-shaped isolation conductor is similar to that of the additional sidewall, but the additional sidewall is longer, and the L-shaped isolation conductor is shorter; and, the main effect of L type isolation conductor is to improve isolation, carries out cross polarization adjustment to single radiating element or part.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the application are as follows:

the broadband dual-polarized antenna can realize the half-power beam width of 60-65 degrees through structural improvement, the working relative bandwidth is at least 46 percent, and the broadband dual-polarized antenna has better positive and negative 60-degree coverage sector edge cross polarization ratio; the broadband dual-polarized antenna has good matching performance in a broadband range, and can be compatible with a broadband antenna array.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-polarized antenna in the prior art CN108172978A patent;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of another view angle of the dual-polarized antenna in the prior art CN108172978A patent;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a medium-dual polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-polarized antenna in the second embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a triple-polarization antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a four-medium dual-polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a five-antenna dual-polarization antenna in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a six-antenna dual-polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a seven-medium dual-polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an eight-medium dual-polarization array antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

A conventional dual-polarized antenna is described by taking CN108172978A as an example, and as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the dual-polarized antenna described in this patent document includes four dipoles 12, the four dipoles 12 are sequentially disposed and form a radiation surface, one dipole 12 is a pair of two dipoles, and the two pairs of dipoles are symmetrically disposed in opposite directions and are arranged in an orthogonal polarization manner; the arms of the four dipoles are respectively connected to the top ends of the corresponding feed baluns 16, and each dipole 12 is connected with a pair of feed baluns 16 to feed and support the dipole 12; the feed balun 16 is radially and axially symmetrically connected to the base 14; each dipole is provided with a loading element 18, the loading element 18 is arranged along the dipole arms and is fixed on the dipole arms by dielectric elements, the four dipoles 12 correspond to the four loading units 18 one by one, and the four loading units 18 are arranged in axial symmetry; the middle of the loading element 18 is disposed between the ends of adjacent dipole arms; the top view of the radiation unit is a square structure; the four dipoles 12 correspond to the four dielectric units 19 one by one, the four dielectric units 19 are arranged in an axial symmetry manner, the dielectric units 19 are arranged between the loading units 18 and the dipoles 12, and the loading units 18 and the dielectric units 19 are fixedly connected to the dipoles 12 and form microstrip-like structures with the dipoles 12. The four dipoles 12 are respectively a first dipole 12a, a second dipole 12b, a third dipole 12c and a fourth dipole 12d, the first dipole 12a includes two first unit arms 122a, the second dipole 12b includes two second unit arms 122b, the third dipole 12c includes two third unit arms 122c, and the fourth dipole 12d includes two fourth unit arms 122 d. The adjacent first unit arm 122a and second unit arm 122b, the adjacent second unit arm 122b and third unit arm 122c, the adjacent third unit arm 122c and fourth unit arm 122d, and the adjacent fourth unit arm 122d and first unit arm 122a respectively share one loading unit 18 and one media unit 19. The coupling length of the loading element 18 to the dipole arms is about twice the length of a single dipole arm, so this design with the loading element 18 greatly reduces the size and height of the radiating element, but does not improve the cross-polarization ratio.

For this reason, the present application creatively provides a broadband dual-polarized antenna with an improved structure, as shown in fig. 3, including a reflector plate and a radiation unit disposed on the reflector plate, where the radiation unit includes four dipoles arranged in a square structure and mounted on the reflector plate; two arms of each dipole are connected to the top ends of two supporting conductors respectively, and the bottom ends of the two supporting conductors are connected to a common base arranged on the reflecting plate; the two supporting conductors are parallel to each other, the top ends of the two supporting conductors are separated from each other through the notch groove, one conductor in the two supporting conductors is provided with a longitudinal groove and a transverse groove, the longitudinal groove is arranged along the length direction of the supporting conductors, the longitudinal groove is provided with a separating conductor, the separating conductor is adjacent to the notch groove, the transverse groove is arranged at the bottom end of the supporting conductor, and the transverse groove separates the separating conductor from the common base; the four dipoles are respectively provided with four transmission lines of the excitation radiation units, and the four transmission lines are respectively connected to the bottom tail ends of the corresponding separation conductors; additional conductors are placed on the dipole arms and are fixed on the corresponding dipole arms through plastic supports; the end of the additional conductor is bent toward the dipole arms and is separated from the end faces of the dipole arms by a dielectric film. Wherein the four transmission lines of the excitation radiating element are connected to the four bottom ends of the split conductor members; the bottom ends of the separate conductors are connected directly to the inner conductor of the coaxial cable or to the striplines of the feed network built on the printed circuit board placed on the common base or on the reflector board.

Compared with the prior art, the broadband dual-polarized antenna has the advantages that the cross polarization ratio of the broadband dual-polarized antenna at +/-60-degree coverage sector edge is increased, specifically, the antenna comprises an additional conductor and a guide slot, the additional conductor is placed along a dipole arm, and the guide slot is arranged in a supporting conductor; changes in the shape structure and size of the additional conductor and the longitudinal slot affect the radiation characteristics of the antenna; the cross-polarization ratio of the antenna over a wide frequency band can be improved by adjusting the size of the dipole arms or the additional conductors or guide grooves.

In addition, the dual-polarized antenna has the characteristic of wider frequency band, and particularly, the separated conductors on the supporting conductors are separated by the longitudinal grooves and form a transmission line connected between the dipole arms and the feeder; therefore, in practical application, the matching degree of the dipole and the feeder line in a wide frequency band can be improved by adjusting the sizes of the supporting conductor and the notch and the boss of the longitudinal slot.

The dual-polarized antenna is easier to be connected with a beam forming network, in the antenna, four coaxial cables of an excitation radiation unit are connected to the tail ends of the bottoms of four separated conductors, and a supporting conductor is positioned near a common base and placed on a reflecting plate; it can be seen that the length of the coaxial cable used to connect the beam forming network of the dual polarized antenna of the present application is greatly reduced. In addition, in one implementation of the present application, the bottom ends of the separate conductors are directly connected to striplines that are arranged in a feed network constructed from printed circuit boards on a common base or reflector, the printed circuit boards containing additional matching circuits, or certain components of a beam forming network, such as power splitters, filters, duplexers, etc.; in this case, the coaxial cable may not be used at all. Thus, the dual polarized antenna of the present application is easier to connect to a beam forming network.

In addition, the low-frequency radiator of the dual-polarized antenna can be better compatible with the dual-band array antenna, the height of the radiation unit is reduced, and the beam distortion of the high-frequency radiation unit inside the low-frequency radiation unit is also reduced. The antenna design of the present application can improve the cross-polarization ratio and isolation of the array antenna over a wide frequency band by adjusting the dimensions of the additional conductors and the longitudinal slots, and compensate for coupling between adjacent radiators.

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the attached drawings. The following examples are intended to be illustrative of the present application only and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

Example one

The broadband dual-polarized antenna comprises a reflecting plate and a radiating unit arranged on the reflecting plate, as shown in fig. 3, wherein a diagram A and a diagram B are respectively enlarged structural schematic diagrams of a part A and a part B; the radiation unit comprises four dipoles, namely a first dipole 1a, a second dipole 1b, a third dipole 1c and a fourth dipole 1d, and the four dipoles are arranged in a square structure and are arranged on the reflecting plate 2; the first dipole 1a has two dipole arms 21a and 22a, the second dipole 1b has two dipole arms 21b and 22b, the third dipole 1c has two dipole arms 21c and 22c, and the fourth dipole 1d has two dipole arms 21d and 22 d; the two dipole arms 21a and 22a of the first dipole 1a are connected to the top ends of the conductor elements 23a and 24a, respectively, the two dipole arms 21b and 22b of the second dipole 1b are connected to the top ends of the conductor elements 23a and 24a, respectively, the two dipole arms 21c and 22c of the third dipole 1c are connected to the top ends of the conductor elements 23c and 24c, respectively, and the two dipole arms 21d and 22d of the fourth dipole 1d are connected to the top ends of the conductor elements 23d and 24d, respectively; all the conductor elements 23a to 23d, 24a to 24d are inclined away from the long side direction of the reflector plate 2, and form an angle of 45 degrees with the reflector plate 2, and the bottom ends of all the conductor elements are connected to the common base 3 and placed on the reflector plate; the conductor elements of the two dipole arms of one dipole are parallel to each other and separated from each other at their tips by the cut-out grooves, for example, conductor elements 23a and 24a are separated by cut-out groove 4a, conductor elements 23b and 24b are separated by cut-out groove 4b, conductor elements 23c and 24c are separated by cut-out groove 4c, conductor elements 23d and 24d are separated by cut-out groove 4d, and conductor elements 23a to 23d and 24a to 24d are the supporting conductors of the four dipoles; wherein one of the two conductor elements of one dipole has a longitudinal slot extending in the longitudinal direction of the conductor element and a transverse slot provided with a separate conductor adjacent to the cutaway slot, e.g. conductor element 23a has a longitudinal slot 5a, conductor element 23b has a longitudinal slot 5b, conductor element 23c has a longitudinal slot 5c, conductor element 23d has a longitudinal slot 5d, longitudinal slot 5a is provided with a separate conductor 6a adjacent to cutaway slot 4a, longitudinal slot 5b is provided with a separate conductor 6b adjacent to cutaway slot 4b, longitudinal slot 5c is provided with a separate conductor 6c adjacent to cutaway slot 4c, longitudinal slot 5d is provided with a separate conductor 6d adjacent to cutaway slot 4 d; transverse slots are provided at the bottom ends of the conductor elements, which transverse slots separate the separate conductors from the common base, e.g. transverse slots 7a to 7d separate conductors 6a to 6d from the common base 3, respectively; at the same time, the transverse slots separating the bottom ends of the conductors 6a to 6d also separate them from the conductor elements 23a to 23d and separate the conductor elements 23a to 23d from the common base 3; thus, in this design of the present example, the split conductor 6a and the other 24a of the two conductor elements of one dipole are separated by the cutaway groove 4a and constitute transmission lines connected to the dipole arms 21a and 22a in one-to-one correspondence; the other three separate conductors 6b to 6d also constitute a transmission line with another conductor element 24b to 24d, and are connected to the dipole arms 21b to 21d and 22b to 22d in one-to-one correspondence; the inner conductors of the four coaxial cables of the excitation radiating unit are connected to the bottom ends of the split conductor parts 6a to 6d in a one-to-one correspondence, while the outer conductors of the coaxial cables are connected to the common base 3, as shown in diagram B of fig. 3, for example, the inner conductor of the coaxial cable 8a is connected to the bottom end of the split conductor 6a and the outer conductor is connected to the common base 3, the inner conductor of the coaxial cable 8B is connected to the bottom end of the split conductor 6B and the outer conductor is connected to the common base 3.

Additional conductors 9a, 9b, 9c and 9d are placed on the dipole arms of each dipole, respectively, e.g. additional conductor 9a is placed on the two dipole arms 21a and 22a of the first dipole 1a, and so on; the additional conductor is fixed to the dipole arms by means of a plastic support 20; taking the additional conductor of the first dipole 1a as an example, the middle portion of the additional conductor 9a is placed opposite to the notched groove 4a along the arms 21a and 22a of the dipole 1 a; the end of the additional conductor element 9a is bent towards the dipole arm and is separated from the end face of the dipole arm by a dielectric film 26, as shown in fig. 3 a; the end of the additional conductor 9a and the ends of the arms 21a and 22a of the dipole 1a generate extremely strong capacitive coupling, and the input impedance of the dipole 1a depends on the degree of coupling between the additional conductor 9a and the dipole arms 21a and 22a, so that in practical use, the impedance of the dipole 1a in a wide frequency band can be changed by adjusting the size of the additional conductor element 9a and the thickness of the dielectric film 26; the other three additional conductors 9b, 9c and 9d are arranged similarly to the additional conductor 9a on the first dipole and will not be described in detail here.

In the dual-polarized antenna of this example, the split conductor part 6a of the first conductor element 23a of each dipole is separated from the second conductor element 24a by the notch slot 4a and constitutes a transmission line connected between the two dipole arms 21a and 22a of the dipole and the feed line; in practice, it is possible to try to obtain the required matching circuit by adjusting the dimensions of the notched groove 4a, the conductor elements 23a and 24a, and to improve the matching between the dipole 1a and the coaxial cable 8 a. The coaxial cables are connected to the bottom ends of the separate conductors beside the common base 3 in a one-to-one correspondence, which is shorter than the known antennas connected to coaxial cables beside the top ends of the conductors.

In summary, the structural design of the novel conductor elements 23a to 23d and the additional conductors 9a to 9d provides more possibilities for improving the matching between the radiating elements and the feed lines of the preferred dual-polarized antenna, and also provides more realizability for simplifying the connection between the radiating elements and the beam forming network.

Example two

The broadband dual-polarized antenna of this embodiment is similar to the embodiment except that, as shown in fig. 4, the dipole arms of four dipoles make the outer contour of the radiating surface of the radiating element be a circular structure; the additional conductor is of an arc structure and is arranged above the dipole arm; the plastic support 20 is of a ring structure; compared with the radiation unit with the octagonal outer contour structure in the first embodiment, the radiation unit with the design of the present embodiment can obtain higher gain.

Taking the first dipole as an example, the conductor element 24a and the separate conductor 6a of the first dipole comprise a notch 25a and a projection 27a, which can change the resistance of the transmission line formed by the conductor element 24a and the separate conductor 6 a; in practice, therefore, a good match between the preferred radiating element and the beam forming network can be achieved by adjusting the dimensions of the cut-outs 25a and the lands 27a, and their positions on the conductors. The rest of the dipoles are similar, for example the split conductor 6b of the second dipole comprises a notch 25b and a land 27b, which function and function as the first dipole.

Also taking the first dipole as an example, the conductor element 24a further includes a longitudinal slot 28a, and the longitudinal slots 28a are in one-to-one correspondence with and are oppositely arranged with the separation conductors 6 a; these longitudinal slots are connected in series with the transmission line constituted by the conductor element 24a and the separating conductor 6a, thus generating an inductance and suppressing the frequency, the electrical length of the generation being a quarter wavelength; the longitudinal slots in this design constitute matching circuits and additional components of the filter that can reject unwanted high frequencies in the input signal. Likewise, the conductor elements of the second dipole also comprise longitudinal slots 28 b.

The common base 3 is placed on the plate surface of the reflection plate 2 and connected to the bottom ends of the four separated conductors 6a to 6d, the four separated conductors 6a to 6d are correspondingly connected to the strip lines 29a to 29d, respectively, the strip lines 29a to 29d are placed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 30, and the dielectric substrate 30 is placed on the reflection plate 2; a set of strip lines 29a and 29c connected to the first dipole 1a and the third dipole 1c, respectively, obtaining a first polarization, and connected to a first end of the strip line 31 a; another set of strip lines 29b and 29d connected to the second dipole 1b and the fourth dipole 1d, respectively, obtaining a second polarization, and connected to a first end of another strip line 31 b; second ends of two strip lines 31a and 31b connecting the polarized dipoles are connected to inner conductors 32a and 32b of two coaxial cables, respectively, outer conductors of the coaxial cables are soldered on a conductive film covering the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 30; the open branches 33a and 34a are connected to the strip line 31a connected to the first polarization, and the other open branches 33b and 34b are connected to the strip line 31b connected to the second polarization, which together form a matching circuit, thereby effectively suppressing frequency interference.

The dual-polarized antenna of the embodiment is well matched with a coaxial cable and can be directly connected with a printed circuit board with a power divider, a filter and other matching circuit components; the dielectric substrate 30 is placed on the reflector plate 2, which, due to the larger size of the reflector plate 2, has more room to increase the size of the dielectric substrate and to add other components of the beam forming network, such as duplexers.

EXAMPLE III

The broadband dual-polarized antenna of this example is similar to the embodiment except that, as shown in fig. 5, additional conductors 9a to 9d are placed above the respective dipole arms; dipole arms of the four dipoles jointly form the outer contour of the radiation unit, and the outer contour is octagonal; the bottom of the conductor element is inclined to the reflecting plate 2 to form a 90-degree angle; the top of the conductor element is parallel to the reflector plate 2; this configuration allows more space for the dielectric substrate 35 to be placed on the common base 3; the size of the notch groove between the conductor elements is larger along with the closer the notch groove is to the dipole arm, and the tail end of the notch groove is in a horn shape; the longitudinal slot is arranged on the part which is vertical to the reflecting plate 2 and is arranged on only one conductor element of the two conductor elements of the dipole; arranging the conductor elements and the notched slot in this way allows the antenna to achieve a half power beamwidth of 60 degrees and improves the matching of the radiating element to the feed line.

The bottom ends of the four separate conductors are directly connected to the first ends of the corresponding four strip lines, for example, the bottom end of the separate conductor 6a of the first dipole is connected to the first end of its corresponding strip line, the bottom end of the separate conductor 6b of the second dipole is connected to the first end of its corresponding strip line 36b, the bottom end of the separate conductor 6c of the third dipole is connected to the first end of its corresponding strip line 36c, and the bottom end of the separate conductor 6d of the fourth dipole is connected to the first end of its corresponding strip line 36 d; four strip lines are placed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 35 on the common base 3 and connected to the dipoles; the dipole and feeder cable 37 consists of a first feeder cable 37a and a second feeder cable 37b, the inner conductors of which have the same polarization, as shown in the enlarged partial view of fig. 5; the outer conductor of the feeder cable is soldered to the common base 3 or the conductive film covering the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 35; the four strip lines may also constitute matching circuits, as well as other components such as conductive bridges 38 placed on the strip lines in a crossed arrangement.

Example four

The broadband dual-polarized antenna of this embodiment is similar to the embodiment except that, as shown in fig. 6, the dipole arms of four dipoles enable the outer outline of the radiating surface of the radiating element to be in an octagonal structure; the ends of the two arms of each dipole have a downwardly extending conductor projection 39 directed towards the reflector plate 2, which conductor projection is located outside the space enclosed by the four dipoles; these conductor projections can increase the electrical length of the dipole arms, thereby making the length of the dipole arms shorter and reducing the size of the radiating element.

The four additional conductors 9a to 9d are bent along the outer edge of the radiating element and are placed higher than the plane where the dipoles are located; the plastic support plate 40 fixes the conductor elements for supporting the four dipoles, and this structural design reduces the radiated interference from between the transmission lines made up of the conductor elements while increasing the electrical length of these transmission lines; since the electrical length of the conductor supported by the plastic support plate 40 to the transmission line is equivalent to the electrical length of the conductor having a longer length but without the plastic support plate, the radiating element can be placed at a position closer to the reflection plate 2, which can reduce the volume of the antenna.

EXAMPLE five

The broadband dual-polarized antenna of this example is similar to the fourth embodiment except that, as shown in fig. 7, the ends of the two arms of each dipole have downwardly extending conductor projections 41 directed toward reflector plate 2, which conductor projections are located inside the space surrounded by the four dipoles; also, the conductor projection design can increase the electrical length of the dipole arms, and thus can reduce the length of the dipole arms, thereby achieving the purpose of miniaturization of the radiating element.

The four additional conductor elements are bent along the outer edge of the radiation unit and are placed below the plane where the dipole arms are located, so that the design can reduce the height of the radiation unit in the embodiment; the plastic support plate 42 comprises longitudinal slots 43 and 44 for fixedly connecting two conductor elements of a dipole, one of the longitudinal slots communicating with the cut-out slot. The plastic support plate 42 of the present example with the longitudinal grooves 43 and 44 is more effective in increasing the electrical length of the transmission line formed by the conductor elements than other prior art structures. In addition, this embodiment has four L-shaped conductive elements 45a, 45b, 45c and 45d, which are placed upside down on the plastic support plate 20 in correspondence with the respective notch grooves, and this arrangement improves the cross-polarization ratio of the antenna and the matching of the radiating element to the feed line.

EXAMPLE six

The broadband dual-polarized antenna of this example is similar to the fifth embodiment except that, as shown in fig. 8, four additional conductor elements 9a to 9d are placed below the respective dipole arms, which can reduce the height of the radiating element; in addition, the four L-shaped conductors 46a, 46b, 46c and 46d are respectively placed on the plastic support plate 20 between the adjacent dipole arm ends, so that the cross-polarization ratio can be improved. In addition, the broadband dual-polarized antenna of this example is added with a high-frequency antenna 47, and the high-frequency antenna 47 is placed at the center of the radiation unit on the reflection plate 2 to form a coaxial multiband antenna.

EXAMPLE seven

The broadband dual-polarized antenna of this example is similar to the embodiment except that, as shown in fig. 9, four additional conductors 9a to 9d are bent along the outer edges of the dipole arms and placed in the plane of the respective dipole arms; the ends of the additional conductors are directly connected to the ends of the dipole arms. With such a structural design, the number of parts included in the antenna in the present embodiment can be reduced.

Example eight

The present example provides a dual-frequency dual-polarized array antenna, as shown in fig. 10, the antenna array of the present example includes six broadband dual-polarized antennas 48 and an independent high-frequency antenna 49, the broadband dual-polarized antenna 48 is the antenna shown in fig. 8, and is a coaxial multiband antenna formed by arranging a high-frequency antenna 47 in a low-frequency antenna; each individual high-frequency antenna 49 is placed between the broadband dual-polarized antennas 48 in the long-side direction of the reflection plate 50, and both side edges of the reflection plate 50 have longitudinal side walls, i.e., side walls 51; the L-shaped isolation conductor 52 is arranged on the reflecting plate 50, arranged on two side surfaces of the radiation unit and provided with at least one back broadband dual-polarized antenna 48; an additional sidewall 53 is placed on the reflector plate 50 and has at least one back-facing broadband dual-polarized antenna 48. In the dual-band dual-polarized array antenna of this embodiment, as shown in fig. 10, additional sidewalls are disposed on both sides of the radiation elements at both ends, and L-shaped isolation conductors are disposed on both sides of the radiation element in the middle. The broadband dual-polarized antenna of this example can adopt any one of the first to seventh embodiments, and can obtain the voltage standing wave ratio, cross polarization ratio, isolation between ports, and other antenna characteristics required by the dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna in a wider frequency band range. In particular, dipole arms, dipole supporting conductors, separating conductors, longitudinal grooves, notch grooves, notches, bosses, additional conductors, L-shaped conductors and the like can be flexibly arranged into symmetrical or asymmetrical structures according to actual needs, so as to compensate the coupling between adjacent antennas and obtain the desired radiation characteristics of the dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna.

The test results of the sample of the dual-polarized array antenna in the example in a microwave dark room show that the dual-polarized array antenna in the example has a half-power beam width of 60-65 degrees, the relative bandwidth of operation is at least 46%, and the cross polarization ratio of +/-60 degrees covering the edge of the sector is not less than-10 dB. Moreover, the dual-polarized antenna of the embodiment has good matching performance in a wide frequency band range, is easy to be connected with a beam forming network, and can meet most practical application requirements.

The foregoing is a more detailed description of the present application in connection with specific embodiments thereof, and it is not intended that the present application be limited to the specific embodiments thereof. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that many more simple derivations or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the disclosure.

Claims (35)

1. A broadband dual-polarized antenna comprises a reflecting plate and radiating elements arranged on the reflecting plate, and is characterized in that: the radiation unit comprises four dipoles, and the four dipoles are combined and then are arranged on the reflecting plate;

two arms of each dipole are respectively connected to the top ends of two supporting conductors, and the bottom ends of the two supporting conductors are connected to a common base arranged on the reflecting plate;

the two supporting conductors are separated from each other by a gap groove, one of the conductors is provided with a longitudinal groove and a transverse groove, the longitudinal groove is arranged along the length direction of the supporting conductors, the longitudinal groove is provided with a separating conductor, the separating conductor is adjacent to the gap groove, the transverse groove is arranged at the bottom end of the supporting conductor, and the transverse groove separates the separating conductor from the common base;

four transmission lines of four dipoles of the excitation radiation unit are respectively connected to the bottom tail ends of the corresponding separation conductors;

the transmission line comprises at least one of a coaxial cable, a metal strip line, a printed circuit board microstrip line and a waveguide tube;

the dipole arms are provided with additional conductors which are fixed on the corresponding dipole arms through plastic supports;

the end of the additional conductor is bent toward the dipole arms and is separated from the end faces of the dipole arms by a dielectric film.

2. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the supporting conductor connecting the dipole and the reflecting plate is inclined at an angle of 30-90 degrees to the reflecting plate.

3. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the length edge of the separation conductor is provided with a concave cut and a convex lug boss.

4. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the gap grooves at the top ends of the two supporting conductors are of horn-shaped structures, and the openings of the horns face the dipole arms.

5. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the two arms of each dipole together use a set of additional conductors, each set of additional conductors being fixed by a plastic support.

6. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: the plastic support piece is provided with a convex boss at the notch groove, and the boss is arranged in the notch groove and is filled in the notch groove.

7. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: the plastic support piece is provided with a convex boss, and the boss is arranged in the longitudinal groove adjacent to the notch groove and fills the longitudinal groove.

8. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the outer edge of the dipole arm is provided with a conductor bulge which extends downwards and is directed to the reflecting plate; the conductor bulge is positioned outside the space surrounded by the four dipoles.

9. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the inner edge of the dipole arm is provided with a conductor convex part which extends downwards and points to the reflecting plate; the conductor bulge is positioned on the inner side of the space surrounded by the four dipoles.

10. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the dipole arms are bent towards the central part of the radiation unit, so that the overall outline of the top of the radiation unit consisting of the four dipoles is circular, rectangular or polygonal.

11. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: an L-shaped conductor is provided on the plastic support plate between the ends of the two arms of the dipole.

12. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: and L-shaped conductors are arranged on the plastic support plate between the adjacent dipoles.

13. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the transmission lines of the four dipoles of the excitation radiation unit are all coaxial cables, the bottom ends of the separation conductors are directly connected to inner conductors of the coaxial cables, and outer conductors of the coaxial cables are connected to the common base.

14. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the transmission lines of the four dipoles of the excitation radiation unit are printed circuit boards, and the four tail ends of the bottom ends of the separation conductors are connected with strip lines of a feed network constructed on the printed circuit boards.

15. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to claim 14, wherein: two ports of a feed network constructed on the printed circuit board are connected with two coaxial cables or metal strip lines to serve as input ports.

16. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to claim 14, wherein: the printed circuit board is placed on the common base.

17. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to claim 14, wherein: the printed circuit board is placed on the reflecting plate.

18. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to claim 14, wherein: the feed network constructed on the printed circuit board is provided with a matching circuit comprising short-circuit and open-circuit branches.

19. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to claim 14, wherein: the feed network includes crosswise arranged striplines separated from each other by an avoidance gap, and a conductive bridge adjacent to the avoidance gap and connecting both ends of the striplines.

20. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the additional conductor is placed above the dipole arms.

21. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the additional conductor is placed below the dipole arms.

22. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the additional conductor and the dipole arms are integrally formed, the additional conductor bends downwards along the outer edges of the dipole arms, points to the direction of the reflector plate and is placed on a plane lower than the plane where the dipole arms are located.

23. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the additional conductor and the dipole arms are integrally formed, the additional conductor is bent upwards along the outer edges of the dipole arms, deviates from the direction of the reflector plate, and is placed on the plane higher than the plane where the dipole arms are located.

24. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the additional conductor is bent along the outer edge of the same plane of the dipole arms, and the tail end of the additional conductor is directly connected to the dipole arms or the additional conductor is directly welded on the dipole.

25. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: further comprising a focusing element, said focusing element being placed above the radiation unit.

26. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the four dipoles, the supporting conductor for connecting the dipoles and the common base are of an integrally formed structure made of conductive materials.

27. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to claim 26, wherein: the four dipoles, the supporting conductors for connecting the dipoles and the common base are manufactured into an integrated structure through die casting, stamping or 3D printing technology.

28. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the four dipoles, the supporting conductor for connecting the dipoles, the common base and the additional conductor are integrally formed structures made of conducting materials.

29. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to claim 28, wherein: the four dipoles, the support conductors connecting the dipoles, the common base and the additional conductors are manufactured into an integrated structure through die-casting, stamping or 3D printing processes.

30. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the antenna also comprises a high-frequency band antenna, wherein the high-frequency band antenna is arranged in a cavity surrounded by the four dipoles to form a coaxial multi-frequency band antenna.

31. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to any of claims 1-30, wherein: at least two radiation units are arranged on the reflecting plate to form a dual-polarized array antenna.

32. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to claim 31, wherein: at least one of the at least two radiating elements is in an asymmetric structure and is used for compensating the coupling between adjacent antennas and simultaneously obtaining the desired radiation characteristics of the dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna.

33. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to any of claims 1-30, wherein: the reflecting plate is provided with at least two side walls.

34. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to claim 33, wherein: at least one additional side wall extending upwards is arranged on the side face position adjacent to the radiation unit on the reflecting plate.

35. A wideband dual polarized antenna according to claim 33, wherein: at least one upward extending L-shaped isolation conductor is arranged on the side face of the reflecting plate adjacent to the radiation unit.

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