CN209906898U - Aluminum electrolysis cathode tank made of all-carbon material - Google Patents
Aluminum electrolysis cathode tank made of all-carbon material Download PDFInfo
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- CN209906898U CN209906898U CN201920217996.XU CN201920217996U CN209906898U CN 209906898 U CN209906898 U CN 209906898U CN 201920217996 U CN201920217996 U CN 201920217996U CN 209906898 U CN209906898 U CN 209906898U
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- conductive
- cathode
- carbon
- aluminum electrolytic
- cathode cell
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 23
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229940008718 metallic mercury Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000497 Amalgam Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003064 anti-oxidating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an aluminum electrolysis cathode cell made of all-carbon material, belonging to the field of aluminum electrolysis devices. The utility model provides an aluminium electroloysis cathode cell of full carbon material, includes the rectangle cathode carbon piece that the multiunit set up side by side, and the bottom surface of rectangle cathode carbon piece vertically sets up the embedded groove that a plurality of is parallel to each other, and the embedded groove is inside to embed the conductive pillar of carbon material, leads to be connected through metal conductive part between the conductive bus of electrical conductivity post and power supply, and metal conductive part one end is arranged with electrically conductive and is connected, and the other end encircles the mode with leading electrical conductivity post in close contact with. The device has the advantages that the conductive column and the rectangular cathode carbon block are all made of carbon materials, a cast steel sandwich structure in the prior art is omitted, the production cost and the production difficulty are reduced, the problems that the conductivity of each area in the original cathode carbon block-steel bar-phosphorus pig iron pouring cathode group is different, and the local electromagnetic field distribution is uneven in the aluminum electrolysis process are solved, the phenomenon that aluminum liquid forms vortex under the action of electromagnetic force is eliminated, and the electrolysis efficiency and the electric energy use efficiency are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an aluminium electrolysis cathode cell, in particular to an aluminium electrolysis cathode cell made of all carbon materials.
Background
The cathode carbon block is a main component of the structure of the aluminum electrolysis cathode cell, plays a role in electric conduction in aluminum electrolysis production, and also serves as a lining material of the aluminum electrolysis cathode cell, and the structure of the cathode carbon block directly influences the use efficiency, the service life and the electric heat consumption of the electrolytic cell, so that the international aluminum industry pays attention to the application of the high-quality cathode carbon block.
The traditional cathode electrolytic cell adopts cathode carbon blocks, steel bars and phosphorus pig iron to pour or stick to form a cathode group, the process prepares a cathode carbon cell in advance, then the phosphorus pig iron is poured, the high-temperature pouring of molten iron is complex in operation and needs to be matched with a corresponding molten iron recasting process and a corresponding device, and the cooling solidification in a high-temperature state of the high-temperature molten iron can cause the stress and the deformation in the cathode carbon cell, so that gaps and cracks occur among carbon particles, and the internal resistance of the whole cathode electrolytic cell is increased. Because the internal deformation and the pores of the cathode carbon tank are random, the cathode carbon tank after being recasting the steel bar has the non-uniform phenomenon of resistance at each part, and the electrolysis efficiency of the cathode electrolytic tank is influenced.
Furthermore, the conventional cathode electrolytic cell adopts cathode blocks, steel bars and phosphorus pig iron to be poured or stuck to form a cathode group, and current is connected to the steel bars through buses and is led into the whole cathode blocks through the steel bars. In view of the difference of the electric conduction coefficients of the steel bar and the carbon block, the current can not be uniformly transmitted on the surfaces of the two media, so that the electromagnetic field on the inner surface of the cathode block generates uncontrollable distortion, the aluminum liquid inside the cathode electrolytic cell is greatly influenced, the aluminum liquid forms uncontrollable vortex phenomenon under the action of the electromagnetic force, and the fluctuation is generated on the surface of the aluminum liquid, so that the actual production operation of the electrolytic aluminum can be only carried out under the condition of keeping high polar distance, the high resistance of the electrolyte between the high polar distance converts a large amount of electric energy into heat, the utilization efficiency of the electric energy is reduced, meanwhile, the internal temperature of the electrolytic cell is unbalanced, and the temperature at each position fluctuates severely under the high current density, thereby greatly influencing the electrolytic efficiency and the service life. The cathode electrolytic cell with poor design can be easily converted into production equipment with low electrolytic efficiency, high energy consumption and high heat generation.
The reasonably designed cathode electrolytic cell can reduce the processing difficulty, save the steel consumption, reduce the electric heating effect and improve the aluminum electrolysis efficiency, which is a problem to be solved urgently in the current electrolytic aluminum industry.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem of providing an aluminium electrolysis cathode trough of full carbon material, solve the problem that present carbon package steel construction aluminium electrolysis cathode trough processing is complicated, inefficiency.
Technical scheme
The aluminum electrolysis cathode tank is characterized by comprising a plurality of groups of rectangular cathode carbon blocks arranged side by side, wherein a plurality of embedded grooves parallel to each other are longitudinally arranged on the bottom surfaces of the rectangular cathode carbon blocks, and a conductive column made of a carbon material is embedded in each embedded groove.
Furthermore, a steel skeleton frame is arranged inside the conductive column, so that the mechanical strength and the conductivity of the conductive column are improved;
further, thin steel wires are uniformly bound on the steel skeleton frame, and the two ends of each thin steel wire are left for 0.5-2 cm, so that the contact area between the steel skeleton frame and a carbon material is increased, and the mechanical strength and the electrical conductivity are improved;
furthermore, tamping paste is arranged between the surfaces of the conductive columns, which are in contact with the embedded groove, so that the contact tightness between the conductive columns and the embedded groove is improved, the electric conductivity is enhanced, a sealing effect is achieved, and aluminum liquid leakage of the aluminum electrolysis cathode groove is prevented;
furthermore, grooves are etched in the side faces of the conductive posts, the contact area of the conductive posts and the embedded grooves through the ramming paste is increased through the grooves, the conductive performance is improved, and the sealing performance is enhanced;
furthermore, two ends of the conductive column are left with embedded grooves as the parts of the whole cathode carbon block electrically connected with the busbar;
furthermore, the surface of the region where the two ends of the conductive column are not in contact with the metal conductive part is provided with an anti-oxidation coating, so that the carbon material on the surface of the conductive column under the action of electric heat is prevented from being corroded due to oxidation. The high-temperature oxidation resistant coating is made of magnesium oxide and aluminum oxide nanoparticles.
Further, 1-4 conductive posts, preferably 2 conductive posts, are arranged on the bottom surface of the cathode carbon block;
furthermore, the center of the cross section of the embedded groove and the center of the cross section of the corresponding conductive column are symmetrical geometric figures;
further, the conductive column is in a regular quadrangular prism shape or a cylindrical shape;
furthermore, the conductive columns are connected with the conductive buses through the metal conductive parts, one end of each metal conductive part is connected with the conductive bus bar, and the other end of each metal conductive part is in close contact with the conductive columns in a symmetrical surrounding mode, so that current is uniformly distributed in the conductive columns. In the technical scheme, the metal conductive part can realize the function in the technical scheme as long as the metal conductive part can realize the symmetrical encircling contact of the conductive column and can be electrically connected with the conductive bus, and specific description and narration are not needed for the specific shape of the metal conductive part;
furthermore, a layer of carbon block material paste containing metallic mercury is arranged at the joint of the outer surface of the conductive column and the metal conductive part, and the existence of trace mercury enables the surface of the metal conductive part to form metallic amalgam which permeates into the inner pores of the carbon block material of the conductive column, so that the metal conductive part and the conductive column are in close contact at a micro molecular level, and the contact resistance of the two-phase surface is eliminated. In the carbon block material paste containing the metallic mercury, the mercury content is 1-5 wt%; the thickness of the carbon block material paste containing the metallic mercury is 0.5-2 mm; the carbon block material slurry layer containing the metallic mercury contains 0.2-1.5 wt% of powdery white phosphorus, and is used for consuming oxygen in the slurry layer, reducing generation of metal oxides at the contact part of the metal conductive part and the outer surface of the conductive column, preventing the formation of the metal oxides and improving contact resistance;
further, in practical application, the aluminum electrolysis cathode cell is provided with a plurality of groups of rectangular cathode carbon blocks, and the number of the rectangular cathode carbon blocks arranged in parallel is 2-40.
Advantageous effects
The utility model adopts the conductive column and the rectangular cathode carbon block made of the all-carbon material, thereby saving the cast steel sandwich structure in the prior art, simplifying the preparation process of the rectangular cathode carbon block, saving a large amount of steel, greatly reducing the production cost and difficulty and ensuring the structural strength of the device to be unchanged;
the device has the advantages that the conductive column and the rectangular cathode carbon block are made of the same material, and the effect of the balanced current of the steel skeleton in the conductive column is matched, so that the problems that the conductivity of each area in the cathode group formed by pouring or pasting the original cathode carbon block, the steel bar and the phosphorus pig iron is different, and the local electromagnetic field is easily generated and unevenly distributed in the aluminum electrolysis process are solved, the phenomenon that the aluminum liquid forms uncontrollable vortex under the action of electromagnetic force is eliminated, the electrolysis efficiency is improved, the electric heating useless energy consumption in the electrolysis process is reduced, and the electric energy use efficiency in the production process is improved;
and this device adopts the carbon to lead electrical pillar and directly electrically conducts through metal-carbon's contact surface with female arranging, compares traditional welding process, and is more convenient and efficient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an axial view of rectangular cathode carbon blocks of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a front view of one end of the rectangular cathode block with the conductive post and the metal conductive component of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a left side view of one end of the rectangular cathode block with the conductive post and the metal conductive component of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a top view of one end of the rectangular cathode block with the conductive post and the metal conductive component of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a front view of one end of a rectangular cathode carbon block with a conductive column according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a left side view of one end of a rectangular cathode carbon block with a conductive column according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is an axial view of one end of a rectangular cathode block with a conductive column according to the present invention;
wherein: 1-rectangular cathode carbon block, 2-conductive column, 3-metal conductive component and 4-embedded groove.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further elucidated with reference to the specific embodiments and the accompanying figures 1 to 7.
The embodiment provides an aluminum electrolysis cathode tank made of all-carbon materials, which comprises 12 groups of rectangular cathode carbon blocks 1 arranged side by side, wherein 2 rectangular embedded grooves 4 which are parallel to each other are longitudinally arranged on the bottom surfaces of the rectangular cathode carbon blocks, and conductive columns 2 made of carbon materials are embedded in the embedded grooves. In the embodiment, each rectangular cathode carbon block is 90cm in width and 600cm in length, a rectangular conductive column is embedded in the bottom surface embedded groove, the side length of the bottom edge of the rectangular conductive column is 9.5cm, the length of the edge is 650cm, and the rest embedded groove is 25cm at each of two ends of the conductive column and serves as a part for electrically connecting the whole cathode carbon block and the busbar. In the embodiment, the tamping paste is arranged between the surfaces of the conductive posts, which are in contact with the embedded groove, so that the contact tightness between the conductive posts and the embedded groove is improved, the electric conductivity is enhanced, the sealing effect is achieved, and the aluminum liquid leakage of the aluminum electrolysis cathode groove is prevented; in this embodiment each side of leading electrical pillar still is carved with the diameter and is 0.2 ~ 0.8 millimeter's recess, and the recess has promoted to lead electrical pillar through the area of contact of pounding the drum paste with the embedded groove, promotes electric conductive property, reinforcing sealing performance.
In this embodiment, the inside of rectangle form is led electrical pillar sets up steel skeleton frame, and similar reinforced concrete structure promotes the intensity of electrically conductive post to on the steel skeleton of steel skeleton frame, a plurality of thin steel wires are binded to the equidistance, and steel skeleton 0.6cm is remained at the both ends of thin steel wire, stretches into in the carbon material, makes whole electrically conductive post pass through the strong conductivity of inside steel skeleton, reaches current strength equilibrium everywhere, stable.
In this embodiment, the conductive column is made of carbon material, and the surface does not have an oxide layer to bring higher contact resistance. The traditional cathode electrolytic cell does not need to be connected by adopting a steel bar and aluminum steel composite sheet welding mode, and the metal conductive part 3 connected with the bus is tightly compacted and contacted with the conductive column, so that good large current transmission capacity can be realized. In this embodiment, the metal conductive component can achieve its function in the present technical solution as long as it can achieve symmetric encircling contact with the conductive pillar and can be electrically connected with the conductive bus, and as for the specific shape of the metal conductive component, explicit description and narration are not required. In this embodiment, the shape of the conductive post can be selected in many ways. The cathode carbon block can also be selected from other structures with the cross sections in central symmetry patterns, and the current can be effectively and uniformly conducted to the cathode carbon block.
In this embodiment, in order to further reduce the contact resistance between the conductive post and the busbar, a slurry layer made of a carbon block material containing metallic mercury and having a thickness of 0.5mm is disposed on the surface of the conductive post, and an amalgam is formed on the inner surface of the conductive metal part under the action of the metallic mercury and permeates into the inner pores of the carbon block of the conductive post, so that the conductive metal part and the conductive post are in close contact at a molecular level, the contact resistance is eliminated, and the conductive capability is improved.
In this embodiment, the white phosphorus powder is mixed in the slurry layer of the carbon block material containing metallic mercury, and at the initial stage of current passing, the thermal effect consumes oxygen in the pores of the contact surface between the metallic conductive component and the conductive post, so as to maintain the stability of the amalgam and prevent the generation of oxide impurities from affecting the conductive efficiency. The phosphorus content in this example was 0.5 wt.%.
In this embodiment, the surface of the region where the two ends of the conductive pillar are not in contact with the conductive metal component is provided with the oxidation-resistant coating, and in this embodiment, the oxidation-resistant coating is made of a nanoparticle paste containing magnesium oxide and aluminum oxide, and the nanoparticle paste is coated on the region where the two ends of the conductive pillar are not in contact with the conductive metal component, and is dried and cured to form the oxidation-resistant coating, so as to protect the carbon conductive pillar from being oxidized.
In the embodiment, the working current of 30 groups of rectangular cathode carbon block electrolytic cells is 600KA, compared with a carbon block aluminum electrolytic cell with a steel bar conducting under the same current intensity, the contact resistance between the conducting column and the busbar in the device has small change, more importantly, the conducting column and the cathode carbon block electrolytic cell are made of the same material, metal steel is saved, the mechanical strength of the device can be effectively guaranteed, the current intensity is balanced by combining the steel skeleton inside the conducting column, the current can be uniformly distributed on the electrolytic surface of the cathode carbon block electrolytic cell, the uniform distribution accuracy of an electromagnetic field is improved, the vortex flow and fluctuation of liquid metal aluminum under the action of an unstable and nonuniform electromagnetic field are reduced, the high polar distance phenomenon in the production operation of electrolytic aluminum is reduced, the electrolytic internal resistance is reduced, the thermal effect of the resistance is reduced, the electric consumption is greatly saved, and the utilization efficiency of electric energy is improved.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an aluminium electroloysis cathode cell of full carbon material, its characterized in that includes the rectangle cathode carbon piece that the multiunit set up side by side, and the bottom surface of rectangle cathode carbon piece vertically sets up the embedded groove that a plurality of is parallel to each other, and the embedded groove is inside to embed the conductive pillar of carbon material, and the both ends of leading the electrical pillar are surplus the embedded groove, leads the portion of electrical connection each other of electrical conductive means and conductive female row at the both ends of electrical pillar.
2. The aluminum electrolytic cathode cell of claim 1, wherein the conductive posts are internally provided with a steel skeleton frame to improve the mechanical strength and conductivity of the conductive posts.
3. The aluminum electrolytic cathode cell of claim 2, wherein the steel skeleton frame is uniformly bound with thin steel wires, and the two ends of each thin steel wire are 0.5-2 cm apart and extend into the carbon material.
4. The aluminum electrolytic cathode cell of claim 1, wherein a tamping paste is applied between the surfaces of the conductive posts in contact with the embedded slot to enhance the contact tightness therebetween.
5. The aluminum electrolytic cathode cell of claim 1, wherein the conductive posts are recessed on each side to increase the contact area between the conductive posts and the embedded grooves through the ramming paste.
6. The aluminum electrolytic cathode cell made of all carbon as claimed in claim 1, wherein 1 to 4 conductive posts are disposed on the bottom surface of the rectangular cathode carbon block.
7. The aluminum electrolytic cathode cell of claim 1, wherein the conductive posts are connected to the conductive bus bars by conductive metal parts, one end of each conductive metal part is connected to the conductive bus bar, and the other end of each conductive metal part is in close contact with the conductive posts in a symmetric surrounding manner, so that current is uniformly distributed in the conductive posts.
8. The aluminum electrolytic cathode cell of claim 7, wherein a layer of carbon block paste containing metallic mercury is disposed at the connection between the outer surface of the conductive post and the conductive metal member.
9. The aluminum electrolytic cathode cell of claim 8, wherein the paste of the carbon block material containing metallic mercury has a thickness of 0.5 to 2 mm.
10. The aluminum electrolytic cathode cell of claim 1, wherein the surface of the area of the conductive post not in contact with the conductive metal member is coated with an oxidation resistant coating.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920217996.XU CN209906898U (en) | 2019-02-21 | 2019-02-21 | Aluminum electrolysis cathode tank made of all-carbon material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920217996.XU CN209906898U (en) | 2019-02-21 | 2019-02-21 | Aluminum electrolysis cathode tank made of all-carbon material |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN209906898U true CN209906898U (en) | 2020-01-07 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920217996.XU Expired - Fee Related CN209906898U (en) | 2019-02-21 | 2019-02-21 | Aluminum electrolysis cathode tank made of all-carbon material |
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- 2019-02-21 CN CN201920217996.XU patent/CN209906898U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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