CN209894167U - Tunnel roof surrounding rock displacement measurement device - Google Patents
Tunnel roof surrounding rock displacement measurement device Download PDFInfo
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- CN209894167U CN209894167U CN201920595126.6U CN201920595126U CN209894167U CN 209894167 U CN209894167 U CN 209894167U CN 201920595126 U CN201920595126 U CN 201920595126U CN 209894167 U CN209894167 U CN 209894167U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a tunnel roof country rock displacement measurement device belongs to tunnel measurement technical field. The device comprises a spherical measuring point, a cylindrical scale pipe, a communicating pipe, a single-way valve and an installation ejector rod, wherein the spherical measuring point and the cylindrical scale pipe are connected through the communicating pipe, the single-way valve is installed at the upper end of the cylindrical scale pipe, the communicating pipe is internally wrapped by the ventilating pipe and is internally wrapped by the liquid communicating pipe, and the spherical measuring point is connected with the installation ejector rod and a soil poking structure. Before measurement, the spherical measuring points are buried in roof surrounding rocks in an un-excavated area in front of a working surface through drilling, the cylindrical graduated tube is fixed on the side wall of the construction cross channel, the volume of the cylindrical graduated tube is less than 50% of that of the spherical measuring points, the descending value h of the liquid level of the cylindrical graduated tube is recorded along with the advance of the working surface, and the settlement value of the roof surrounding rocks caused by excavation is further calculated. The measuring system can measure the whole processes of early settlement and rapid settlement caused by excavation, and has the advantages that the measuring points do not need to be leveled, and the measuring range is large.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a tunnel measurement technical field especially indicates a tunnel roof country rock displacement measurement device.
Background
With the rapid increase of urban population, road traffic is becoming more and more crowded, and urban underground rail traffic has already entered a rapid development stage. Meanwhile, due to poor geological conditions, large excavation section, construction disturbance and the like, engineering disasters such as overlarge ground surface settlement, even ground surface collapse, building inclination and the like can be caused frequently. The reason is that most of the reasons are caused by unclear soil layer parameters and unreasonable supporting time and strength, and whether the settlement of the surrounding rock of the top plate caused by excavation can be accurately measured has important significance for identifying the mechanical parameters of the soil layer and determining reasonable supporting time and supporting strength. Most of the existing measuring methods are that measuring points are arranged on a lining structure after a working surface is pushed, two important settlement processes of early settlement and rapid settlement are often ignored, and the settlement of surrounding rocks of a top plate caused by excavation cannot be really measured actually. To this problem, the utility model provides a tunnel roof country rock displacement measurement device and method, it arranges the measurement station in the regional roof top of not excavating in working face the place ahead through drilling to can measure the whole settlement process that the excavation arouses betterly.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses do not solve current measurement method and can not embody the roof country rock settlement scheduling problem that subsides in earlier stage and sharply subside two stages, provide a tunnel roof country rock displacement measurement device, can measure the total settlement volume that arouses because tunnel excavation comparatively accurately.
The device comprises a spherical measuring point, a cylindrical scale pipe, a communicating pipe, a single-way valve and an installation ejector rod, wherein the spherical measuring point is connected with the cylindrical scale pipe through the communicating pipe, the single-way valve is installed at the upper end of the cylindrical scale pipe, a soil poking structure is processed on the outer side of a hemisphere on the spherical measuring point, an annular sleeve is processed on the outer side of a lower hemisphere on the spherical measuring point, the installation ejector rod is tightly embedded in the annular sleeve, the spherical measuring point is embedded in a top plate surrounding rock of an un-excavated area in front of a working surface before measurement, the cylindrical scale pipe is fixed on the side wall of a construction cross channel, and the axial.
The communication pipe is formed by wrapping a vent pipe and a liquid communication pipe in a rigid outer sheath, two ends of the vent pipe are respectively connected with the upper end of the cylindrical scale pipe and the upper end of the spherical measuring point, and two ends of the liquid communication pipe are respectively connected with the lower end of the cylindrical scale pipe and the lower end of the spherical measuring point.
The volume of the cylindrical scale pipe is less than 50% of that of the spherical measuring point, and liquid in the cavity of the spherical measuring point cannot overflow from the vent pipe at the upper end in the process that the spherical measuring point is settled along with surrounding rocks of the top plate.
The earth poking structure and the annular sleeve are axially positioned on the same straight line and penetrate through the circle center, and an included angle of 10-30 degrees is formed between the earth poking structure and the annular sleeve and the horizontal direction.
The one-way valve ensures that gas in the spherical measuring point can only enter the cylindrical scale tube in one direction.
The outside of the cylindrical scale tube is marked with scales, and the zero scale is positioned at the upper part of the tube body.
When the device is used, the swelling agent is filled between the spherical measuring point and the drilled hole of the surrounding rock of the top plate.
The method for applying the measuring device comprises the following steps:
s1: drilling upwards along the working face in an inclined mode, wherein the drilling angle is equal to the included angle between the earth poking structure and the horizontal direction, and the drilling is stopped until the excavation contour line of the tunnel top plate is drilled out;
s2: embedding the mounting ejector rod into an annular sleeve of the spherical measuring point, and conveying the spherical measuring point to the top end of the drill hole to enable the earth poking structure to be inserted into the rock-soil body at the top end;
s3: taking out the mounting ejector rod, tamping a round plug with the same diameter as the drilled hole, and then punching a swelling agent into a cavity formed by the round plug and the hole top so as to fixedly integrate the spherical measuring point and the rock-soil body;
s4: slowly lifting the cylindrical scale pipe until the liquid level is superposed with the zero scale, fixing the cylindrical scale pipe on the side wall of the construction transverse channel, and leveling again;
s5: and (5) recording the descending value h of the liquid level of the cylindrical scale tube along with the advance of the working surface, and further calculating the settlement value delta h of the surrounding rock of the top plate caused by excavation.
The utility model discloses an above-mentioned technical scheme's beneficial effect as follows:
1. the utility model discloses utilize drilling technique to bury spherical measurement station in the roof country rock in the non-excavation region in front of the working face, can measure the total settlement volume of roof country rock caused by excavation, including earlier stage settlement and rapid settlement process;
2. the utility model utilizes the characteristic that liquid is not influenced by deflection in the spherical cavity, and the liquid is taken as a measuring point to allow rotation with a certain angle without leveling;
3. the utility model discloses the long and thin cylindricality scale tube volume of the volume of well spherical measurement station far away, its range scope is bigger in ordinary spirit level consequently this measuring equipment is compared.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the tunnel roof surrounding rock displacement measuring device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a one-way valve of the tunnel roof surrounding rock displacement measuring device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a tunnel before excavation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the tunnel excavated in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the connection between the installation ejector rod and the spherical measuring point of the tunnel roof surrounding rock displacement measuring device of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure of the communicating pipe of the tunnel roof surrounding rock displacement measuring device of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic layout diagram of spherical measuring points in the embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-cylindrical scale pipe, 2-single-way valve, 3-vent pipe, 4-liquid-passing pipe, 5-spherical measuring point, 6-annular sleeve, 7-earth-poking structure, 8-installation ejector rod, 9-communicating pipe, 10-swelling agent, 11-round plug, 12-lining and 13-rigid outer sheath.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention clearer, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The utility model provides a tunnel roof country rock displacement measurement device.
As shown in figure 1, the device comprises a spherical measuring point 5, a cylindrical scale pipe 1, a communicating pipe 9, a single-way valve 2 and a mounting ejector rod 8, wherein the spherical measuring point 5 is connected with the cylindrical scale pipe 1 through the communicating pipe (9), the single-way valve 2 is mounted at the upper end of the cylindrical scale pipe 1, a soil poking structure 7 is processed on the outer side of a hemisphere on the spherical measuring point 5, an annular sleeve 6 is processed on the outer side of a lower hemisphere of the spherical measuring point 5, the mounting ejector rod 8 is tightly embedded in the annular sleeve 6, before measurement and excavation, as shown in figure 3, the spherical measuring point 5 is embedded in a top plate surrounding rock of an unearthed area in front of a working surface, the cylindrical scale pipe 1 is fixed on the side wall of a construction cross channel, and the axial. The tunnel section after excavation is shown in fig. 4.
As shown in figure 2, the one-way valve (2) ensures that the gas in the spherical measuring point (5) can only enter the cylindrical graduated tube 1 in one way.
As shown in FIG. 5, the earth poking structure 7 and the annular sleeve 6 are axially positioned on the same straight line and penetrate through the circle center, and form an included angle of 10-30 degrees with the horizontal direction.
As shown in fig. 6, the communicating tube 9 is formed by wrapping the air tube 3 and the liquid tube 4 in the rigid outer sheath 13, two ends of the air tube 3 are respectively connected with the upper end of the cylindrical scale tube 1 and the upper end of the spherical measuring point 5, and two ends of the liquid tube 4 are respectively connected with the lower end of the cylindrical scale tube 1 and the lower end of the spherical measuring point 5.
In the practical design, the volume of the cylindrical scale pipe 1 is less than 50% of the volume of the spherical measuring point 5, and the liquid in the cavity of the spherical measuring point 5 cannot overflow from the upper end vent pipe 3 in the process that the spherical measuring point 5 is settled along with the surrounding rock of the top plate.
As shown in fig. 7, according to the arrangement of the device shown in the figure, the measuring method of the tunnel roof surrounding rock displacement measuring device is as follows:
s1: drilling upwards along the working face in an inclined mode, wherein the drilling angle is equal to the included angle between the earth poking structure 7 and the horizontal direction, and the drilling is stopped until the excavation contour line of the tunnel top plate is drilled out;
s2: embedding the mounting ejector rod 8 into the annular sleeve 6 of the spherical measuring point, and conveying the annular sleeve to the top end of the drill hole to enable the earth poking structure 7 to be inserted into the rock-soil body at the top end of the drill hole;
s3: taking out the mounting ejector rod 8, tamping a round plug 11 with the same diameter as the drilled hole, and then punching a swelling agent 10 into a cavity formed by the round plug 11 and the hole top so as to fixedly integrate the spherical measuring point 5 and the rock-soil body;
s4: and slowly lifting the cylindrical scale tube 1 until the liquid level is superposed with the zero scale, fixing the cylindrical scale tube on the side wall of the construction transverse channel, and leveling again.
S5: with the advance of the working face, the descending value h of the liquid level of the cylindrical scale tube 1 is recorded, and the settlement value delta h of the surrounding rock of the top plate caused by excavation is further calculated.
The estimation process involved in step S5 in the above measurement method is as follows:
the volume of the liquid flowing out of the cylindrical graduated tube is V1Volume of liquid flowing into the cavity of the spherical measuring point is V2The expression is as follows:
V1＝πr2h (1)
in the formula: z is a radical of1The height of the liquid level in the spherical measuring point relative to the lowest point of the cavity before sedimentation, d is the increased height of the liquid level in the spherical measuring point, and h is the descending value of the liquid level in the cylindrical graduated tube.
Since the liquid volume remains constant during the measurement, the liquid volume flowing out of the cylindrical graduated tube is equal to the liquid volume flowing into the cavity of the spherical measuring point, namely:
the settlement value delta h of the roof surrounding rock is the sum of the liquid level decrease value h in the cylindrical graduated tube and the liquid level increase value d in the spherical measuring point, and the expression is as follows:
Δh＝h+d (4)
during measurement, the value of the liquid level descending value h in the cylindrical scale pipe can be read from the scale pipe, the value of the liquid level increasing height d in the spherical measuring point can be deduced according to the formula (3), and the sedimentation value delta h of the surrounding rock of the top plate can be further obtained.
The foregoing is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of improvements and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a tunnel roof country rock displacement measurement device which characterized in that: including spherical measurement station (5), cylindricality scale pipe (1), closed tube (9), one-way valve (2) and installation ejector pin (8), spherical measurement station (5) and cylindricality scale pipe (1) link to each other through closed tube (9), one-way valve (2) are installed in cylindricality scale pipe (1) upper end, the processing of spherical measurement station (5) episphere outside has stamp soil structure (7), annular sleeve (6) are processed to spherical measurement station (5) lower hemisphere outside, installation ejector pin (8) closely inlay in annular sleeve (6), before the measurement, spherical measurement station (5) are buried in the regional roof country rock of excavation not in working face the place ahead, cylindricality scale pipe (1) are fixed on the construction cross passage lateral wall, the axial and the horizontal plane of cylindricality scale pipe (1) are perpendicular.
2. The tunnel roof surrounding rock displacement measurement device of claim 1, characterized in that: the communicating pipe (9) is formed by wrapping a ventilating pipe (3) and a liquid communicating pipe (4) in a rigid outer sheath (13), the two ends of the ventilating pipe (3) are respectively connected with the upper end of the cylindrical scale pipe (1) and the upper end of the spherical measuring point (5), and the two ends of the liquid communicating pipe (4) are respectively connected with the lower end of the cylindrical scale pipe (1) and the lower end of the spherical measuring point (5).
3. The tunnel roof surrounding rock displacement measurement device of claim 2, characterized in that: the volume of the cylindrical scale pipe (1) is less than 50% of the volume of the spherical measuring point (5), and the liquid in the cavity of the spherical measuring point (5) cannot overflow from the upper end vent pipe (3) in the process that the spherical measuring point (5) settles along with the surrounding rock of the top plate.
4. The tunnel roof surrounding rock displacement measurement device of claim 1, characterized in that: the earth poking structure (7) and the annular sleeve (6) are axially positioned on the same straight line and penetrate through the circle center, and an included angle of 10-30 degrees is formed between the earth poking structure and the horizontal direction.
5. The tunnel roof surrounding rock displacement measurement device of claim 1, characterized in that: the single-way valve (2) ensures that gas in the spherical measuring point (5) can only enter the cylindrical scale tube (1) in one way.
6. The tunnel roof surrounding rock displacement measurement device of claim 1, characterized in that: the outer part of the cylindrical scale tube (1) is marked with scales, and the zero scale is positioned at the upper part of the tube body.
7. The tunnel roof surrounding rock displacement measurement device of claim 1, characterized in that: when the device is used, a swelling agent (10) is filled between the spherical measuring point (5) and the drilled hole of the surrounding rock of the top plate.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920595126.6U CN209894167U (en) | 2019-04-26 | 2019-04-26 | Tunnel roof surrounding rock displacement measurement device |
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| CN201920595126.6U CN209894167U (en) | 2019-04-26 | 2019-04-26 | Tunnel roof surrounding rock displacement measurement device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110044330A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-07-23 | 中铁十六局集团地铁工程有限公司 | A kind of tunnel roof surrounding rock displacement measuring device and method |
| CN114067543A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-02-18 | 上海市城市建设设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 | Remote sensing and early warning system for urban road subgrade settlement |
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2019
- 2019-04-26 CN CN201920595126.6U patent/CN209894167U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110044330A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-07-23 | 中铁十六局集团地铁工程有限公司 | A kind of tunnel roof surrounding rock displacement measuring device and method |
| CN110044330B (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2024-09-17 | 中铁十六局集团地铁工程有限公司 | Tunnel roof surrounding rock displacement measuring device and method |
| CN114067543A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-02-18 | 上海市城市建设设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 | Remote sensing and early warning system for urban road subgrade settlement |
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